110

Machine Drawing

This increases the bearing area and permits drilling while making the slots. The cotter is
locked in position by means of a screw as shown in Fig. 6.11.
Cotter joints are used to connect two rods, subjected to tensile or compressive forces
along their axes. These joints are not suitable where the members are under rotation. The
following are some of the commonly used cotter joints:

Fig. 6.10 Cotter and the bearing slot

Fig. 6.11 Locking arrangement of cotter

(a)
0.1 D

0.1 D

0.1 D

1.3 D

0.4 D

0.1 D

4D

1.3 D

2.5 D
1.3 D

0.4 D

(b)

0.1 D

0.1 D

8D

1.3 D

0.1 D

0.3 D

1.3 D

(c)

Fig. 6.12 Cotter joint with sleeve

56

90
90

24

18

15

60
4
R12

192

R18

24

96

192

240

Parts list
Part No.

18

R12

60

R6

60

492

R18

R12

46

32 46
15

12 12

12 R12

12

24

24

90

36

445

R36
R12

6 HOLES, DIA 20 PCD 192

96
96

408

64

60

R9
6
R6
0

54

54
M80

72

12

80

R24

R12

14
3

48

52

124

112

Machine Drawing

60

90

105

48

96

320

96
M80

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13

Name

Matl

Cl
Housing
MS
Eye bolt
MS
Link
Gunmetal
Valve seat
Gunmetal
Valve
MS
Pivot
MS
Pin
MS
Split pin
MS
Lever
Spring steel
Spring
MS
Washer
MS
Lock-nut, M20, 12 Thick
MS
Nut, M20, 20 Thick

Fig. 18.38 Ramsbottom safety valve (contd.)

Qty
1
1
2
2
2
1
3
3
1
1
1
1
1

Assembly Drawings

f12

24

24
R12

f20

26

32

f3

45

10

15

f10

M20

6
7

15

20

60

60

12

f40

f12

46

120

SQ20

14

10

32

15

2HOLES, DIA12

R12

321

175
R12

3

2 HOLES,

R12

11

0

20
THICK 6

24

124

R25

DIA 12
3

10

Fig. 18.38 Ramsbottom safety valve

assembly by fixing the spring 6 between the eye bolt and the lever (holes are provided in the lever
and eye bolt for this purpose). When the set value of the pressure exceeds in the boiler, the lever
moves and allows the valves to get lifted from the seats concerned. The movement of the lever is
permitted due to the slot provided centrally in it and returns to the original position due to spring
action. Figure 19.19 shows the assembled views of the Ramsbottom safety valve.
Exercise
Assemble the parts of the Ramsbottom safety valve, shown in Fig. 18.38 and draw, (i) sectional
view from the front and (ii) sectional left side view.

18.5 MISCELLANEOUS PARTS

18.5.1 Socket and Spigot Joint
This joint is used to connect two circular rods and subjected to axial loads. For this purpose, the
ends of the rods are shaped suitably to form a socket at one end while the other rod end as a spigot
and slots are made.
Figure 18.39 shows the details of a socket and spigot joint. The spigot end of the rod 2 is
inserted into the socket end of the rod 1. After aligning the socket and spigot ends, the cotter 3 is
driven-in, forming the joint. Figure 6.13 shows the assembly drawing of the socket and spigot
joint.

356

Machine Drawing

(iii) Draw the main outlines and add all the internal features.
(iv) Cross-hatch the sectional views.
(v) Draw the dimension lines and add dimensions and notes.
7. Check the dimensions of the mating parts.
8. Prepare the parts list and add the title block.
Exercises
Prepare the part drawings of the engine parts, machine tool parts and accessories and miscellaneous
parts shown in Figs. 19.1 to 19.22.

19.2 ENGINE PARTS

19.2.1 Petrol Engine Connecting Rod
Figure 19.1 shows the assembly drawing of a petrol engine connecting rod, the big end of which is
split into two halves. It is used in center crank engines.
The bearing bush 4 which is in one piece, is fitted at the small end of the connecting rod 1.
The small end of the rod is connected to the piston. The main bearing bush, which is split into two
halves, is placed at the big end of the connecting rod. The big end of the rod is connected to the
crank pin of the center crank. First, the split bearing brasses 3 are placed on the crank pin, then
the big end of the connecting rod and the cap 2 are clamped onto these, by means of two bolts 5 and
nuts 6.
195

R62

f22

M6

25

R
R2

20

62

R25

25
0

f19

R40

R25

R75

12

f30

28

3
3
XX

DIA4,
DRILL CSK

36

30

12

38

17

12

9
5

R4
0

f35
f38
f44

Parts list
Part No.
1
2
3
4
5
6

28

R1

Name
Rod
Cap
Bearing brass
Bearing bush
Bolt
Nut

Matl.

Qty.

FS
FS
GM
P Bronze
MCS
MCS

1
1
2
1
2
2

Fig. 19.1 Petrol engine connecting rod

f19
f22
f26