RAN Feature Description

Table of Contents

Table of Contents
Chapter 31 High Speed Access................................................................................................. 31-1
31.1 Introduction................................................................................................................... 31-1
31.1.1 Definition............................................................................................................. 31-1
31.1.2 Purposes............................................................................................................ 31-1
31.1.3 Terms and Abbreviations....................................................................................31-2
31.2 Availability..................................................................................................................... 31-2
31.2.1 Network Elements Required...............................................................................31-2
31.2.2 Software Releases............................................................................................. 31-3
31.2.3 Miscellaneous..................................................................................................... 31-3
31.3 Impact........................................................................................................................... 31-3
31.3.1 On System Performance....................................................................................31-3
31.3.2 On Other Features.............................................................................................. 31-4
31.4 Technical Description.................................................................................................... 31-4
31.4.1 High Speed Access Configuration Model............................................................31-4
31.4.2 Overview of High Speed Access.........................................................................31-4
31.4.3 AFC for DPCH.................................................................................................... 31-5
31.4.4 AFC for PRACH.................................................................................................. 31-5
31.5 Capabilities................................................................................................................... 31-8
31.6 Implementation............................................................................................................. 31-8
31.6.1 Enabling High Speed Access Feature................................................................31-8
31.6.2 Reconfiguring Flow Control Parameters.............................................................31-8
31.6.3 Disabling High Speed Access Feature...............................................................31-9
31.7 Maintenance Information............................................................................................... 31-9
31.7.1 Alarms................................................................................................................ 31-9
31.7.2 Counters............................................................................................................. 31-9
31.8 References.................................................................................................................... 31-9

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List of Figures

List of Figures
Figure 31-1 Description of Doppler shift..............................................................................31-1
Figure 31-2 High Speed Access configuration model.........................................................31-4
Figure 31-3 AFC for DPCH Description..............................................................................31-5
Figure 31-4 Performance of DPCH demodulation...............................................................31-5
Figure 31-5 Description of the AFC for PRACH..................................................................31-6
Figure 31-6 Performance of PRACH Preamble detection...................................................31-7
Figure 31-7 Performance of PRACH message demodulation.............................................31-8

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List of Tables

List of Tables
Table 31-1 NEs required for the high speed access............................................................31-2
Table 31-2 Product version and related versions................................................................31-3

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Chapter 31 High Speed Access

Chapter 31 High Speed Access

31.1 Introduction
31.1.1 Definition
High speed access is one of the key features in the differential solution for high speed
coverage in Huawei UMTS 5.1. The NodeBs using high speed access support
coverage under which the moving speed of UEs can reach 450 km/h.

31.1.2 Purposes
At present, high speed railways in some countries and regions has reached 200 km/h
or even 300 km/h. The top speed of the maglev railway built in Shanghai, China,
reaches 430 km/h.
The Doppler shift is accompanied with a UE that is moving and can be expressed in
the following formula:

fd

f
* v * cos
C

In the formula, note that:

fd refers to the Doppler shift.

f refers to the carrier frequency of the WCDMA system.

C refers to the transmission speed of the electromagnetic waves.

v refers to the moving speed of the UE.

refers to the included angle between the moving direction and the signal
transmission direction.

The Downlink (DL) frequency of the UE is locked to the frequency of the NodeB.
Therefore, the Doppler shift is 2f d for the Uplink (UL) demodulation of the NodeB. The
Doppler shift of 2fd corresponding to 1 km/h in radial movement is 3.7 Hz.
UE moving direction

f0

f0 - 2 x f d

f0 + fd

f0 - fd

f0 + 2 x f d
UE is locked to NodeB frequency

Figure 1.1 Description of Doppler shift

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The function of Automatic Frequency Control (AFC) is required for the NodeB to
support high speed access. A rake receiver not supporting AFC is unable to correctly
demodulate signals even if the signal-to-noise ratio infinitely increases when the
frequency offset reaches 800 Hz or above. Then, a call may drop or is unable to be
connected.
The UL channel can be classified into the UL Dedicated Physical Channel (DPCH)
and the UL Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH). Therefore, the NodeB must
support AFC both for the UL DPCH and for the UL PRACH.

31.1.3 Terms and Abbreviations

I. Terms
None.

II. Abbreviations
Abbreviation

Full Spelling

AFC

Automatic Frequency Control

HBBI

NodeB HSDPA Baseband processing and Interface unit

HBBU

NodeB HSDPA Supported Baseband Unit

HULP

NodeB HSDPA supported Uplink Processing Unit

UE

User Equipment

UMTS

Universal Mobile Telecommunications System

DPCH

Dedicated Physical Channel

PRACH

Dedicated Random Access Channel

31.2 Availability
31.2.1 Network Elements Required
Table 1.1 shows the Network Elements (NEs) required for the high speed access.
Table 1.1 NEs required for the high speed access
UE

NodeB

RNC

MSC Server

MGW

SGSN

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GGSN

HLR

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UE

Chapter 31 High Speed Access

NodeB

RNC

MSC Server

MGW

SGSN

GGSN

HLR

Note:

: Not required

: Required

31.2.2 Software Releases

Table 1.1 describes the versions of the Huawei UMTS RAN products that support the
high speed access.
Table 1.1 Product version and related versions
Product
NodeB

Version

BTS3812E

V100R007 and later releases

BTS3812A

V100R007 and later releases

DBS3000

V100R007 and later releases

31.2.3 Miscellaneous
The high speed access is supported only when at least one of the following boards is
configured on the NodeB:

HULP

HBBI

HBBU

31.3 Impact
31.3.1 On System Performance
The high speed access poses the following impact on the system performance:

When the frequency offset is obvious between the UE and the NodeB, the
demodulation performance of the system will decrease even if the high speed
access is applied. Therefore, it is suggested to select the value of Speed Rate
(km/h) parameter above and most close to the possible maximum moving
speed.

The receive performance and the handover performance of UE will be affected

by high speed movement. Impact varies on performance of different types of

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UEs. A call may drop in the handover during a test because of restricted
performance of the UE.

31.3.2 On Other Features

The high speed access poses the following impact on other features:

When the high speed access is supported, the capability of the PRACHs carried
on the HULP, HBBI, and HBBU decreases and each board can carry PRACHs
for only one cell. This factor must be taken into consideration when you configure
the hardware. Huawei recommends that you use I/Q combining/dividing function
to enable a single HBBU to support three sectors, which will be implemented in
V100R008.

The high speed access is not supported in 4-way receive configuration.

The high speed access is not supported when more than three sectors are
configured.

31.4 Technical Description

31.4.1 High Speed Access Configuration Model
The configuration model for High Speed Access is as show in Figure 1.1.
RNC
RadioClass
CellClass
CELL.Class

High Speed Movement Mode

Speed Rate ( km/h)
Speed Rate ( km/h)

Figure 1.1 High Speed Access configuration model

31.4.2 Overview of High Speed Access

The Doppler shift caused by high speed movement of the UE is reflected on the
signals received on the NodeB baseband units. Therefore, a RAKE receiver is
required for the implementation of the AFC function.

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The AFC function is implemented by Huawei on the demodulation of the DPCH and
the PRACH as following descriptions.

31.4.3 AFC for DPCH

The RAKE receiver performs frequency authentication in compliance with the fading
factor of the phase variation and obtains the frequency offset of the current signals.
Then, the RAKE receiver corrects the input signals that offset previously through the
feedback mechanism. AFC for DPCH is always applied in Huaweis NodeB even
when the high speed access function is not enabled.
Frequency Estimate

Frequency
Correction

DPCH
Demodulation

DPCH Decoding

Figure 1.1 AFC for DPCH Description

The performance of AFC for DPCH is shown in Figure 1.2.

Figure 1.2 Performance of DPCH demodulation

31.4.4 AFC for PRACH

The algorithm of AFC for DPCH cannot be applied to the AFC for PRACH because
signals are transmitted through PRACH within a quite short time, for example, 10 ms
or 20 ms. Therefore, the AFC for PRACH is implemented by presetting frequency
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offset for the access channels in Huawei's demodulation algorithm. The baseband
signals are duplicated for three copies, in which:

The first copy is an original baseband signal.

The second copy is a baseband signal with positive frequency offset that is set
previously.
The third copy is a baseband signal with negative frequency offset that is set

previously. The negative frequency offset has the same value as the positive
frequency offset.
The three copies of baseband signals are all demodulated. Then, the correct path is
selected and the corresponding demodulated signal is reported to the RNC.

IQ

Frequency
Offset
Presetting

Positive Offset

PRACH
Demodulation

Origional IQ

PRACH
Demodulation

Negative Offset

PRACH
Demodulation

PRACH
Decoding

Figure 1.1 Description of the AFC for PRACH

AFC for PRACH can be enabled or disabled through the High Speed Movement
Mode parameter.
Parameter:
Parameter name

High Speed Movement Mode

Parameter ID

HISPM

GUI range

Enum (TRUE, FALSE)

Physical range& unit

Enum (TRUE, FALSE)

Default value

FALSE

Optional/Mandatory

Optional

MML command

MOD CELL

ADD CELL

Description:
HISPM is set to enable or disable the AFC for PRACH function, in other
words, the high speed access function since AFC for DPCH function is
always enabled.
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The frequency offset value is mapped to the maximum moving speed in LMT through
the Speed Rate (km/h) parameter.
Parameter:
Parameter name

Speed Rate (km/h)

Parameter ID

SPR

GUI range

Enum (250, 400, 500)

Physical range& unit

Enum (250 Km/h, 400 Km/h, 500 Km/h)

Default value

250

Optional/Mandatory

Optional

MML command

MOD CELL

ADD CELL

Description:
SPR is valid only when HISPM is set to TRUE. The maximum moving speed of 250
Km/h, 400 Km/h, 500 Km/h, represent that the presetting frequency offset value of
PRACH is 600 Hz, 1000 Hz, 1200Hz respectively.
It is suggested to select the value of SPR above and most close to the possible
maximum moving speed for the sake of demodulation performance.

The performance of AFC for PRACH is shown in Figure 1.2 and Figure 1.3.

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Figure 1.2 Performance of PRACH Preamble detection

Figure 1.3 Performance of PRACH message demodulation

31.5 Capabilities
The UE can access the network at the top speed of 450 km/h.

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31.6 Implementation
31.6.1 Enabling High Speed Access Feature
I. Hardware Installation
The high speed access feature is supported only when the NodeB configures at least
one of the following boards:

HULP

HBBI

HBBU

II. Data Configuration

Execute ADD LOCELL in initial data configuration and set HISPM to TRUE. Then you
can configure the high speed access feature to the newly-added local cell.

31.6.2 Reconfiguring Flow Control Parameters

Execute MOD LOCELL when the NodeB is running and modify HISPM. Then you can
change the high speed access mode for the current local cell.

31.6.3 Disabling High Speed Access Feature

Execute MOD LOCELL when the NodeB is running and set HISPM to FALSE. Then
you can disable the high speed access feature.

31.7 Maintenance Information

31.7.1 Alarms
The following alarm is related to the high speed access feature:
ALM-4033: Local Cell Unusable

31.7.2 Counters
The high speed access feature poses the following effect on the demodulation
performance:
In the Gaussian channel environment and the moving speed reaches 450 km/h, the
demodulation performance of the DCHs decreases no more than 0.7 dB, and the
demodulation performance of the access channels decreases no more than 4 dB.

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31.8 References
3GPP TS 25.101, User Equipment (UE) radio transmission and reception (FDD),
V5.8.0

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