Department of Civil Engineering \ Transportation

Faculty of Engineering & Built Environment

The National University of Malaysia
Semester I - Session 2015/2016

Urban Transport Planning

Task 7 / Traffic Calming

Name Student
Ameer Abdul Adheem Hussein
P81466

Lecturer
PROF. DATO' IR. DR RIZA ATIQ ABDULLAH BIN
O.K. RAHMAT

Task 7 \\
One housing estate is experiencing high rate of road accident. In addition,
the road network in the estate is used as alternative routes to an adjacent
highway. You are required to give a short proposal to overcome both
problems. Explain your proposal with appropriate sketches.

Solution \\

Introduction:
Traffic calming is system of design and management strategies that
aim to balance traffic on streets with other users; include Housing estates,
commercial shopping districts, the downtown core and narrow roads.
(Traffic calming) use many strategies such (Speed Humps, chicane,
Chokers, Traffic Circle, etc.), put in place on roads for the intention of
slowing down or reducing motor vehicle traffic and thereby improving the
living conditions for residents living along the road. As well as to improve
safety for pedestrians and cyclists. Urban planners and traffic engineers
have many strategies for traffic calming, which means that roadway
planners and engineers have flexible standards that can accommodate
community values and balanced objectives. New Urbanism incorporates
Traffic Calming features into the design of new developments and urban
redevelopment. It can make urban streets safer and quieter. It can
increase residential property values and local economic activity.

Benefits of traffic calming:

- Improve driver behavior.
- Control speed to a level in keeping with the surrounding urban street
environment.
- Reduction of the collision caused by traffic calming, especially those
involving pedestrians and cyclists.
- Discourage heavy vehicles and through traffic from using unsuitable
routes.
- Reduce traffic speed and volume of traffic.
- Improve the urban street environment and reduce community
severance.
- Promote a greater feeling of safety.
- Providing innovative traffic control devices.
- Promote cycling and walking.
- Reduce traffic noise.
- Decrease air pollution.

Some measures (Traffic

calming)

A) Proposed to solution the problem of road

accidents in the housing estate:
The road accidents on local streets is probably the most problem
facing residents, Residents observe vehicles being driven at speeds they
perceive are too fast and conclude that the speeds would decrease if stop
signs were installed. Speeds considered excessive by residents are
considered reasonable by these same persons when they are driving in
another neighborhood. Traffic calming measures are typically installed as
part of an area wide traffic management scheme rather than on a single
street to avoid shifting the problem from one street to another. A successful
traffic calming must include enforcement, education, engineering and
community involvement. Community support and participation is an integral
part of a successful traffic calming, and avoid accidents in residential areas.

I am proposal the measures following to traffic calming

and speed control ways:

1- Putting (Intersection Pop-out) for doing to narrowing the entrance to a

housing estate.

2- Putting (Speed humps) on main and branch roads for the intention of
slowing down or reducing motor vehicle traffic, must be on distance 50
meter, where cant drivers driving speed more 40 km/hr.

3- Putting (Speed table) before enter the car to branch roads to limit
speeding.

4- Putting (Speed bump) on roads the housing estate to limit speeding,

especially before and after entrance for homes, and condominiums.

5- Putting (Raised Crosswalk) on roads the housing estate, especially at

crossing sites.

6- Putting (Traffic Circle) in intersections. They are good for calming

intersections, especially within neighborhoods, where large vehicle traffic
is not a major concern but speeds, and safety are problems.

7- Putting (Chicane) on long main roads for the housing estate, forming Sshaped curves to limit high speeding because horizontal deflection.

8- Putting (Center-Island) for doing to narrowing lanes wide roads located

along the centerline at the housing estate.

9- Identify center of the accident (where). Then trying to find the solution for
this problem for example doing (Chokers or Realignment or etc.).

10- Use control system (camera) in roads to achieve the objectives, and must
be designed to allow emergency vehicle access, and limit speeding for the
drivers.

B) Proposed to solution the problem of road

network in the housing estate used as
alternative routes to an adjacent highway:

The focus of this study has been the review of the safety benefits of
traffic calming. From the review of international and local experiences traffic
calming led to reduction in speed, which is associated with substantial
reductions in injury accidents. Residents with planners and engineers can
work together in order to improve the safety of resident on the streets. The
alternatives that may help decrease speeds reduce through traffic on
residential streets. It also gives direction for developing a traffic calming in
those communities that currently use only traffic law enforcement to control
speeds. The success of traffic calming depends upon achieving consensus
among the residents and conducting a proper engineering analysis of the
perceived problems and recommended solution.

To solution the problem of road network at housing

estate used as alternative routes to an adjacent
highway; I will propose use same propose (A), proposal
to solution the measures to traffic calming and speed
control ways from (1) ---------- to (10), also I will add
some points to:
Traffic control devices:
1- Regulatory signs and Speed Limit signs:
Regulatory signs used to convey traffic rules and regulations; Speed limit
sign is regulatory device that inform drivers of the speed limit imposed by the
governing agency. Some signs merely remind drivers of the limits applicable
to the type of highway and area.

2- Stop Signs and Warning signs:

The basic purpose of stop signs is to assign a way to vehicles at
intersections. Stop signs are requested by residents more than any other
traffic control device for the reduction of vehicle speeds and traffic volumes.
Unfortunately stop signs are largely ineffective in meeting the speed control;
Warning signs are traffic signs that are used to warn road users about a
potential danger.

3- One-Way Streets:
The use of one-way signs may increase speeds in the permitted direction,
and may increase the amount of cut-through traffic on other residential
streets. One-way streets can be used to make travel through a neighborhood

difficult by creating a maze effect in the internal street pattern, which may
discourage through traffic. However, the amount of traffic on other residential
streets may be increased.

4- Commercial Vehicle Prohibitions:

It is a common practice in communities to commercial vehicles from most,
local streets in residential areas. This is done to protect the pavements and
eliminate. However, commercial vehicles are normally allowed to travel on
any street when engaged in pick-up and delivery. And to affect vehicle
speeds, but they will reduce truck traffic volume and noise.

5- Turn Prohibitions:
Turn prohibitions will reduce traffic volumes, noise and the speeds on
streets; also improve traffic safety on streets to which they are applied.
However, traffic jam, noise and the speed will increase on alternate routes.
They are difficult to enforce reduce access for residents. In some cases,
speeds may increase, and traffic safety may decrease, when motorists are
forced to take alternate routes.