Changes from 2015 to 2016 (by Gus)

So its finally here. A new Edition for our bible. I will try to find all the changes I can, but I will most likely miss some.
Feel free to help me if you have a copy of FA2016. I will not be posting screenshots or entire sections since its 1)
time consuming and 2) Illegal.

Special Situations chapter has removed (can be read at www.usmle-rx.com/bonus)

Behavioral science:
Page
(FA15/FA1
6)
48/32

Type

Whats in 2015

Whats in 2016

Phrasing

Cohort study: Looks to see if exposure

the likelihood of disease.
Can be prospective (asks, who will
develop disease?) or retrospective.

49/33
49/33

Improvement
on chart
Phrasing

Cohort study: Looks to see if exposure

affects the likelihood of disease
Can be prospective (asks, Who will develop
disease?) or historical
Added color and labels to 2x2 table.
Sensitivity: or the probability that when the
disease is present, the test is positive

49/33

Phrasing

49/33

Phrasing

49/33

Phrasing

Sensitivity: or the probability that a

test detects disease when disease
is present
Specificity: or the probability that a
test indicates no disease when
disease is absent
Positive predictive value: probability
that person actually has the disease
given a positive test result
Negative predictive value: probability
that person actually is disease free

Specificity: or the probability that when the

disease is absent, the test is negative
Positive predictive value: probability that a
person who has a positive test result
actually has the disease
Negative predictive value: probability that a
person with a negative test result actually

49/33
49/33

Added labels
on chart
Added picture

49/33

Added text

50/34

Removal

52/36

Phrasing

52/36

Change in
example

52/36

Change in text

52/36

Added points

53/37

Added formula

54/38

Added text

55/39

Change in
design

56/39

Added
example
Removed
example

58/42

given a negative test result

does not have the disease

Has better labels explaining the cutoff values

No picture

Graphic interpretation of incidence vs

prevalence
Prevalence > incidence for chronic diseases, due
to large # of existing cases (eg, diabetes)
No abbreviation next each title

Each title has an abbreviation in capital

letters (eg, Odds ratio (OR))
Measurement bias: information is
gathered in a way that distorts it
Measurement bias: Miscalibrated
scale consistently overstates weight
of subjects
Measurement bias: use standardized
method of data collection

Measures of dispersion: no formula for

Variance

Measurement bias: information is gathered

in a systemically distorted manner
Measurement bias: Association between
HPV and cervical cancer not observed when
using non-standardized classifications
Measurement bias: Use objective,
standardized, and previously tested
methods of data collection that are
planned ahead of time
Confounding bias: added to 3rd column;
Restriction
Randomization
Measures of dispersion: Variance =

(SD )2

Type I Error: on the far right column: you can

never prove the alternate hypothesis but
you can reject the null hypothesis as being
very unlikely
Disease prevention and Medicare and
Medicaid sections are moved to Public
Health Section
Beneficence: no example
Example: a child wishes to know more
about his/her illness removed

Beneficence: eg: mandatory TB treatment

58/42

Removed text

Case: Patient states that he/she finds

you attractive: removed everything
past with patients are never
appropriate

58/42

Added case

59/581

Change in
location

60/44

Change in text

60/44

NEW
SECTION

New Case: A 7-year-old boy loses a sister to

cancer and now feels responsible: At ages5-7,
children begin to understand that death is
permanent, that all life functions end completely
at death, and that everything that is alive
eventually dies. Provide a direct, concrete
description of his sisters death. Avoid clichs
and euphemisms. Reassure that the boy is not
responsible. Identify and normalize fears and
feelings. Encourage play and healthy coping
behaviors (eg, remembering her in his own way)
APGAR score and Low birth weight
On page 581: A new Table has been added to
sections are moved to page 581
better illustrate the APGAR score (which I
personally think looks great)
Removed: Sexual interest does not
Changes in the elderly: added Libido is stable
decrease
in men but decreases in women after
menopause
Public health: includes disease prevention, Medicare and Medicaid, Common causes of
death (US) by age, Hospitalized conditions with frequent readmissions, Safety culture,
Human factors design, PDSA cycle (with a graph), Quality measurements, Swiss cheese
model, Types of medical errors, Medical error analysis