a)

1) The variable of interest is the form of the distribution for the number of earthquakes per year
of magnitude 7.0 and greater..
2) H0: The form of the distribution is Poisson
3) H1: The form of the distribution is not Poisson
4) = 0.05
5) The test statistic is
20 =

6) Reject H0 if
7)

>
2
o

2
0.05 ,14

( O i E i )2

i =1

Ei

= 23.68

2
(
13 4.86)
=
2
0

4.86

2
(
16 6.38)
+

= 48.89

6.38

8) Since 48.89 > 23.68 reject H0. The form of the distribution of the number of earthquakes is
not Poisson.
b) P-value < 0.005

Section 9-8
9-93

1. The variable of interest is breakdowns among shift.

2. H0: Breakdowns are independent of shift.
3. H1: Breakdowns are not independent of shift.
4. = 0.05
5. The test statistic is:
r

=
2
0

(O

ij

Eij )

Eij

i =1 j =1

6. The critical value is .05 , 6

= 12.592
2
The calculated test statistic is 0 = 11.65
2

7.

8. 20 >/ 20.05,6 , do not reject H0 and conclude that the data provide insufficient evidence to claim that
machine breakdown and shift are dependent at = 0.05.
P-value = 0.070 (using Minitab)
9-94

1. The variable of interest is calls by surgical-medical patients.

2. H0:Calls by surgical-medical patients are independent of Medicare status.
3. H1:Calls by surgical-medical patients are not independent of Medicare status.
4. = 0.01
5. The test statistic is:
r

=
2
0

i =1 j =1

(O

ij

Eij )

Eij

6. The critical value is .01,1

= 6.637
2
7. The calculated test statistic is 0 = 0.033
2

8.

02 >/ 02.01,1

, do not reject H0 and conclude that the evidence is not sufficient to claim that surgical-

medical patients and Medicare status are dependent. P-value = 0.85

9-46

9-95.

1. The variable of interest is statistics grades and OR grades.

2. H0: Statistics grades are independent of OR grades.
3. H1: Statistics and OR grades are not independent.
4. = 0.01
5. The test statistic is:
r

=
2
0

(O

ij

Eij )

Eij

i =1 j =1

= 21.665
2
7. The calculated test statistic is 0 = 25.55

6. The critical value is

8.

02 > 02.01,9

.01, 9

Therefore, reject H0 and conclude that the grades are not independent at = 0.01.

P-value = 0.002

9-96

1. The variable of interest is characteristic among deflections and ranges.

2. H0: Deflection and range are independent.
3. H1: Deflection and range are not independent.
4. = 0.05
5. The test statistic is:
r

=
2
0

i =1 j =1

(O

Eij )

ij

Eij

= 9.488
2
7. The calculated test statistic is 0 = 2.46

6. The critical value is

8.

02 >/ 02.05, 4

0.05 , 4

, do not reject H0 and conclude that the evidence is not sufficient to claim that the data are

not independent at = 0.05. P-value = 0.652

9-97.

1. The variable of interest is failures of an electronic component.

2. H0: Type of failure is independent of mounting position.
3. H1: Type of failure is not independent of mounting position.
4. = 0.01
5. The test statistic is:
r

=
2
0

i =1 j =1

(O

ij

Eij )

Eij

6. The critical value is 0.01, 3

= 11.344
2
7. The calculated test statistic is 0 = 10.71
2

8.

02 >/ 02.01,3

, do not reject H0 and conclude that the evidence is not sufficient to claim that the type of

failure is not independent of the mounting position at = 0.01. P-value = 0.013

9-98

1. The variable of interest is opinion on core curriculum change.

2. H0: Opinion of the change is independent of the class standing.
3. H1: Opinion of the change is not independent of the class standing.
4. = 0.05
5. The test statistic is:

9-47

=
2
0

(O

ij

Eij )

Eij

i =1 j =1

6. The critical value is 0.05 , 3

= 7.815
2
7. The calculated test statistic is .0 = 26.97 .
2

8.

02 >>> 02.05,3 , reject H0 and conclude that the opinions on the change are not independent of class

standing. P-value 0

9-99

a)
1. The variable of interest is successes.
2. H0: successes are independent of size of stone.
3. H1: successes are not independent of size of stone.
4. = 0.05
5. The test statistic is:
r

=
2
0

i =1 j =1

(O

ij

Eij )

Eij

6. The critical value is .05 ,1 = 3.84

2

7. The calculated test statistic

8.

>
2
0

2
0.05,1 ,

2
0

= 13.766 with details below.

reject H0 and conclude that there is enough evidence to claim that number of

successes and the stone size are not independent.

1
2
All
55
25
80
66.06 13.94
80.00
2
234
36
270
222.94 47.06 270.00
All
289
61
350
289.00 61.00 350.00
Cell Contents:
Count
Expected count
Pearson Chi-Square = 13.766, DF = 1, P-Value = 0.000
1

b) P-value < 0.005

Supplemental Exercises
9-100

=0.01

85 86
= (2.33 0.31) = (2.02) = 0.9783
16 / 25

85 86
= (2.33 0.63) = (1.70) = 0.9554
n=100 =
z 0.01 +
16 / 100

85 86
= (2.33 1.25) = (1.08) = 0.8599
n=400 =
z 0.01 +
16 / 400

85 86
= (2.33 3.13) = (0.80) = 0.2119
n=2500 =
z 0.01 +
16 / 2500

a.) n=25

= z 0.01 +

9-48