Lecture 1

summary of Java SE section 1

presentation

DAD Distributed Applications Development

Cristian Toma
D.I.C.E/D.E.I.C Department of Economic Informatics & Cybernetics
www.dice.ase.ro

Cristian Toma Business Card

Agenda for Lecture 1 Summary of JSE

JVM and OOP

in Java SE

Java Generics
& JCF

Exchange
Ideas

JVM Java Virtual Machine, Object Oriented Programming classes, objects,

polymorphism, inheritance, interfaces as type, abstract classes

JVM & OOP in Java SE

1.1 Java Virtual Machine Summary

Compilers & Interpreters Questions:
What is a virtual machine? How many types of JVM do you know?
What is the difference of stack based vs. registered based JVM and what are
features of JIT compiler?
Should have a virtual machine associated one or more state machines?
What are advantages and disadvantages of virtual machines native compilers vs.
interpreters?
Hello World sample program in VMWare Player 4 Linux Ubuntu 12 with JDK 6
Command line compiling with JDK 6.0 all lectures samples are command line
based and Netbeans 6.5 / Eclipse INDIGO projects in Linux Ubuntu 12
Ubuntu 12 VM download: http://ism.ase.ro/vm/ujava.zip ~ 20 GB HDD, 1 CPU
core, 1GB RAM / use IZarc / 7ZIP utility program - All seminars will be in
/home/stud/dad/labs directory and the lectures are in /home/stud/dad/lectures :
user=stud / pass=stud

1.1 Java Object Oriented Programming Summary

You had graduated from lectures of Java Fundamentals lets talk:

What is a class?
What is a package of classes in Java?

What is an object / instance?

How many bytes has an object inside JVM?
Why do we need clone, equals and hash methods?
Demo & memory model for the Certificate Java class

1.1 Java Object Oriented Programming Summary

http://support.novell.com/techcenter/articles/ana19970701.html

http://www.media-art-online.org/java/help/how-it-works.html

1.1 Java Object Oriented Programming Summary

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Java_virtual_machine

http://www.research.ibm.com/compsci/project_spotlight/plansoft/index.html

1.1 Java Object Oriented Programming Summary

You had graduated from lectures of Java Fundamentals lets talk:
Polymorphism the ability to have multiple forms is obtaining through:
The overriding (not overloading; overloading is a form of polymorphism) of
the methods from a Java class
Pure form of polymorphism has to have the following conditions:
Inheritance mechanism extends is the key word
Virtual Methods in Java by default
Overriding the virtual methods
Using the pointer / references to the objects in Java by default
Interface contract between objects of the class that implements the interface and
another objects of another classes that interact with objects from the
implementation class has the following features:
static fields
Static and non-static methods prototypes declaration but NOT
implementation
The implementation class use the implements keyword
It is possible to have interface as type declare objects with type interface
but you must call the constructor methods from a real Java class

1.1 Java Object Oriented Programming Summary

You had graduated from lectures of Java Fundamentals lets talk:

Abstract Class a class that have at least one method abstract has
the following features:
At least one abstract method keyword abstract
May contain standard static and non-static fully implemented methods
You may declare objects from an abstract class but you can NOT
instantiate them, you should use constructor method from a real Java
class
Pay attention @: Objects vs. vectors / arrays of objects + null pointer
exception

1.1 Java Object Oriented Programming Summary

You had graduated from lectures of Java Fundamentals lets talk:
What are the advantages of derivation and inheritance in object-oriented
programming in Java?
What are the advantages of polymorphism?
What is an interface or an abstract class?
What are the advantages and disadvantages for using Interface as type?
Demo & memory model for the Vehicle, Plane, Car Java classes

Section Conclusion
Fact:

DAD needs Java

In few samples it is simple to remember: Object

Oriented Programming in Java class, object,
objects deep vs. shallow copy, interface,
interface as type, abstract class, inheritance,
polymorphism.

Java Generics and JCF Java Collection Framework

Java Generics & JCF

2.1 Summary of Java Generics

What are advantages of Generics in programming?
Moves the errors from run-time in compile-time
Is there any macro-expansion as in C / C + + within Generic programming?
NO
Where is the most intensive usage of Generic programming?
Starting with JDK 5.0 and especially in JCF Java Collection Framework
ATTENTION!!! For advanced Java Generics concepts please read:
Sub-typing, Wild-Cards, Type-Erasure in the web resources
http://docs.oracle.com/javase/tutorial/java/generics/
http://docs.oracle.com/javase/tutorial/extra/generics/index.html
http://java.sun.com
Java Generics Simple Samples Generics1.java & Generics4.java

2.1 Summary of Java Generics

Recommendations for parameters naming are:
* E - Element intensively uses in JCF - Java Collections Framework
* K - Key
* N - Number
* T - Type
* V - Value
* S,U,V etc. - 2nd, 3rd, 4th types
Please in Ubuntu 12 virtual machine check-out lecture 1 from
/home/stud/dad directory

2.2 Summary of JCF

JCF Java Collection Framework Features:

JCF is an hierarchy of classes, abstract classes, interfaces and

algorithms, that implements the standard data structures used in
programming vector, list stack/queue, binary-tree, hash-table
JCF contains interfaces, implementations & algorithms
JCF involves to code with interface as type style
The classes hierarchy is based on:
Collection defines a value for each item in the data structure
Map defines a pair of items, key-value, for each element/node in
the data structure

2.2 Summary of JCF

java.util.*
<<interface>>
Iterable<T>

<<interface>>
Collection<E>

<<interface>>
List<E>

Vector<E>

ArrayList<E>

<<interface>>
Map<K,V>

<<interface>>
Set<E>

LinkedList<E>

TreeSet<E>

HashSet<E>

LinkedHashSet<E>

TreeMap<K,V> HashMap<K,V> Hashtable<K,V>

2.2 Summary of JCF

1. In order to go through a data structure from JCF, it is possible to use
foreach or iterators (or partially tu use Enumeration for classes
Vector and Hashtable)
a. for(Object o : collection) System.out.println(o);
b. for(Iterator<?> it = collection.iterator(); it.hasNext();)
System.out.println(it.next())
2. The order of the items/elements into collections/data structures
(including for use of sorting algorithms) is given by the implementation
of the method compareTo(...) from the interface Comparable<T> or
by the implementation of the method compare(...) from the
interface Comparator<T>.

3. For optimization and best practice programming, it is recommended

for the classes that instantiate objectes which are used in hash-data
structures, to implement the inherited methods hashCode() and
equals(...) from class Object.

Section Conclusions
Java Generics programming is NOT equivalent with
C++ template class programming
Java Generics moves the error from run-time to
compile-time
JCF Java Collection Framework is a set of classes,
interfaces and algorithms for standard datastructure processing
Generics & JCF Summary

for easy sharing

JCF needs for order of the items in the datastructures to process objects from classes that
provide methods for comparing.

In JCF the best practice is to override methods

from class Object for equality and hashing
value, in order to work with hash data structure

Share knowledge, Empowering Minds

Communicate & Exchange Ideas

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DAD Distributed Application Development
End of Lecture 1 summary of Java SE section 1