The Autonomic nervous system (ANS)

Objectives.
To mention the two components of the Autonomic nervous system.
To describe the effect of autonomic nervous system on the following
organs
Eye
Salivary secretion
Heart
Bronchiolar smooth muscle
Gastrointestinal Tract.
Blood vessels
Urinary Bladder
To mention the neurotransmitters in the ANS
To describe the effect of Atropine on various organs.
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The Autonomic nervous system controls the function of the various

organs in the body. It supplies to the smooth muscles of the viscera
and the cardiac musculature. It functions without the conscious
involvement of the individual
The ANS is divided into two parts:

The sympathetic nervous system

The parasympathetic nervous system

The sympathetic
nervous system

It is stimulated during
emergencies that cause

The
parasympathe
tic nervous
system
It is stimulated in non
emergencies that

stress and require us to

"fight" or take "flight" (run
away) It is catabolic.

Sympathetic stimulation contraction

of dilator pupilae or radial muscles
leading to dilatation of the pupil also
known as MYDRIASIS.

allow us to rest and

digest.. It is
anabolic.

Parasympathetic
stimulation
Contraction of sphincter
pupilae or circular
muscles leading to
constriction of the pupil
also known as MIOSIS.

SALIVARY SECRETION:
Increase
Sympathetic stimulation leads to the
secretion of thick mucinous viscid
saliva.

SALIVARY SECRETION:
Increase
Parasympathetic
stimulation leads to the
secretion of watery
abundant saliva.

HEART:
Sympathetic stimulation Increases

HEART:
Parasympathetic

Force of contraction (inotropism)

Heart rate
Conduction velocity

stimulation Decreases
Force of contraction
Heart rate
Conduction velocity

BROCHIOLES:
Bronchodilation

BROCHIOLES:
Bronchoconstriction

Gastro Intestinal Tract GIT:

Decreases motility
Decreases secretion
Tone of sphincters Increased

Gastro Intestinal Tract GIT:

Increases motility
Increases secretion
Tone of sphincters
Decreases.

Blood Vessels
Sympathetic stimulation causes
vasoconstriction of the capacitance
vessels (blood vessels to the Gastro
intestinal tract) and cutaneous
vessels (blood vessels to the skin)
And dilation of arterioles supplying the
skeletal muscles

Blood Vessels
parasympathetic
stimulation causes
dilation of the blood
vessels

Filling of the urinary bladder

SYMPATHETIC discharge is responsible for
relaxation of the bodyof the bladder and
contraction of internal sphincter.
External sphincter is contracted, which is
under voluntary control.

Emptying of the urinary

bladder
PARASYMPATHETIC discharge
is responsible for contraction
of detrusor muscle and
relaxation of internal
sphincter.
External sphincter is relaxed,
which is under voluntary
control.

Neurotransmitter
Adrenaline and nor adrenaline
Receptors
Alpha1
Alpha2
Beta1
Beta 2

Neurotransmitter
Acetylcholine.
Receptors
Nicotinic and
Muscarinic

Atropine blocks the effect of

Acetylcholine at the
Muscarinic receptors

Atropine causes dilatation of

the pupil, increase in cardiac
properties, dilatation of the
bronchioles, decrease in
intestinal motility and
secretion,