CHEMICAL REACTION ENGINEERING-II

Solid Catalyzed Reactions - Heat Effects During Reaction

B.Manikandan

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Introduction

Introduction

When reaction is so fast that the heat released (or absorbed) in the pellet
cannot be removed rapidly enough to keep the pellet close to the
temperature of the fluid, then nonisothermal effects intrude.
In such a situation two different kinds of temperature effects may be
encountered:
Within-particle T. There may be a temperature variation within the
pellet. Film T. The pellet may be hotter (or colder) than the surrounding
fluid.
Thus present research on catalysts is strongly centered on the surface
structure of solids.

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Introduction

Introduction

For Film T we equate the rate of heat removal through the film with the
rate heat generation by reaction within the pellet. Thus
0
Qgenerated = (Vpellet ) (rA ,obs ) (Hr )
Qremoved = h Spellet (Tg Ts )
and on combining we find
T film =(Tg Ts ) =
where L is the characteristic size of the pellet.

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Introduction

Introduction

For within-particle T the simple analysis by Prater (1958) for any

particle geometry and kinetics gives the desired expression.
Since the temperature and concentration within the particle are
represented by the same form of differential equation (Laplace equation)
Prater showed that the T and CA distributions must have the same shape;
thus at any point in the pellet x

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Introduction

Introduction

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Introduction

PERFORMANCE EQUATIONS FOR REACTORS

CONTAINING POROUS CATALYST PARTICLES
For Plug Flow

Take a thin slice of the PFR.

Then following the analysis for homogeneous reactions we have the
situation shown in following Fig.

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Introduction

PERFORMANCE EQUATIONS FOR REACTORS

CONTAINING POROUS CATALYST PARTICLES
For Plug Flow

At steady state a material balance for reactant A gives

input = output + accumulation . . .

molA
s
0

FA0 FA0 XAin = FA0 FA0 XAout + (rA ) W

In differential form ,
0
0
FA0 dXA = (rA ) dW = (rA ) dVS
Integrating over the whole reactor gives

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Introduction

PERFORMANCE EQUATIONS FOR REACTORS

CONTAINING POROUS CATALYST PARTICLES
For Plug Flow

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Introduction

PERFORMANCE EQUATIONS FOR REACTORS

CONTAINING POROUS CATALYST PARTICLES
For Mixed Flow

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