Psychology

Dream
PSYCHOANALYSIS

FOR

BEGINNERS

BY

PROF.

DR.

WITH

SIGMUND

INTRODUCTION

AN

BY

TRIDON

ANDRE
Author

FREUD

*'"asy Lesson in Psychoanalysis^

its History, Theory and
''Psychoanalysis,
of

Practice," "Psychoanalysis and

Behavior*'

and

'^Psychoanalysis,
Sleep and

Dreams"

THE

JAMES

NEW

YORK

A.

McCANN
1921

COMPANY

THE

A.

JAMES

PRINTED

OtC3

"nU654393

COMPANY

McCANN

IN

by

1921,

Introduction,

Copyright

THE

U.

1921

S.

A*

tt-^'

7/
INTRODUCTION

The

profession is justly conservative.

medical

life should not

Human

for wild

material

be considered

experiments.

Conservatism,however,
for

excuse

fast

the proper

as

lazyminds,

is too

loath to

often

welcome

adapt themselves

to

changing conditions.

Remember
accorded

the scornful

to

Freud's

first was

receptionwhich

discoveries in the domain

of the

unconscious.

When

after

decided
finally
tell them

of

years
to

in his dream

The

words

"dream

his

and

medical

facts which

some

firstlaughed at and

was

before

appear

modestly of

he
patientobservations,
bodies

to

curred
always Re-

patients'dreams, he

then avoided

as

crank.

were
interpretation"

still

and

indeed

fraught with unpleasant,unscientific

ish,
associations.
They remind one of all sorts of childare

notions,which make
superstitious
and

woof

of dream

ignorantand
The

wealth

the
of

books, read

by

the thread

up

but

none

the

primtive.
detail,the infinite care

anythingpass unexplaned,with
111

which

never

he

to let

presented

iv

INTRODUCTION
the

to

the

public

impressing more
but

and

arduous

work

his

are
investigations,

serious-minded

more

examination

the

of

result

of his evidential

and

data

demands

absolutelyopen

an

presupposes

scientists,

mind.
is

This

why

with

Freud's

interested

even

them

of

dreams

deriding Freud's

with

the

help

who

their

or

and

theories

of

not

were

subject to attempt

in the

their

familiar
totallyun-

men,

writings, men

enough

interpretation
dreams,

still encounter

we

patients'

combatting

which

statements

an

he

never

made.
Some
times

conclusions

Freud's, but

which

in their

literature,they fail

antedating
Besides

they

have

those

who

who

those

do

not

dare

of dream
The

neurosis

to

on

withers

dream

similar

to

psych'oanalytic

the

face

tell

us

an

and

diet.

facts

many

aurselves

such

study,

fast in the

because

subject,there

the

into

Dreams

thrive

plant which

at

for observations

Freud

at

looked

never

can

of

ignorance

sneer

biologicaltruth ^bout
minds

strangely

are

to credit

Sidis,reach

theirs.

study.

dream

Boris

them, like Professor

of

revealed

are

by

unpleasant

only

free

very

Self-deception is

pellucidatmosphere

investigation.
weakling
are

not

and

the

anxious

neurotic
to

turn

attached
such

to

his

powerful

INTRODUCTION

theories

Freud's
He

by the

seemed

to be

dreams

and

their

mental

histories in his

case

He

did

hoping

to

views.

He

looked

His

words, that of
has

no

forced
but

who

is

thousand

dream

the

his

"until

times

study
does

foreseeing,what

fullyprepared

to

in other

was,

know,

not

conclusions

by the information

him

on

with

might support

statistician who

of

means

collect

to

something."

toward
a

patients'

preconceived bias,

v/hich

at facts

to tell him

attitude

his

them

compare

with

out

evidence

find

they began

to

always

possession.

start

not

there

that

abnormalities,

and

chology.
psy-

theoretical.

but

between

close connection

of dreams

thousands

fact

their

of

corners

anything

are

moved

was

dark

the

searchlightupon

he

is

and

will be

gathering,

able
accept those unavoid-

conclusions.
This

indeed

was

Psychologists had
what

Bleuler

methods

in

no

novel

calls "autistic
wise

After

from

sprung

the hide

previously killed.

that

is

through

from

some

tractive
at-

their brain,

brain, fullv armed.

Jove's

which, they would

frame

build, in

to

wont

ways,"

psj^chology.

supported by evidence,

hypothesis,which
like Minerva

been

always

in

way

of

stretch
a

upon

realitywhich

that

they

yielding
un-

had

vi

INTRODUCTION
It is

onty

to

minds

to

those

for

The
had
his

also

been

as

world

First

of

all, Freud

pointed

some

This

of the

of every

hf

during

dream
of

some

Thirdly,
visions
them

are

as

nection
con-

and

some

ing
previous wak-

the

waking

relation

that

tween
be-

poses
dis-

and

states

dreams

are

from

coming

phenomena

of

after

where
no-

his

the

conduct
to

the

the

which

that

symbohcal, which

absurd

and

all

down

his

reveal

conclusion

attempted

proved

noting

apparently insignificant

wish, conscious
he

dreamer's

the

studying

thought, after

and

thoughts, came
every

constant

leading nowhere.

modes

of

obvious

dream

widely prevalent view

mannerisms

details

and

Secondly, Freud,

his

out

positivelyestablishes

nonsensical

life and

of dreams.

made

were

part

sleeping states

and

published

Freud

psychology

magnitude

detail of the dreamer's

state.

the

on

works"

is what

"truth

of dreams.
by his interpretation

between

purely

acceptable

appear

yet expressed when

of first

facts

to the

autisticallyinclined, that

that

revolutionaryviews

Five

tortions
dis-

same

philosophicthinking.

pragmatic view

not

the

sufferingfrom

artificial structures

empty,

molds

minds

that

there

successful

or

unconscious.

causes

was

in

tion
gratifica-

or

many

secret

of

our

dream

us

to

consider

thfe universality
unintelligible;

vii

INTRODUCTION
of those

to the trained

part in

enormous

them

unconscious,

our

play

part which

tried to minimize,

ignore entirely.

to

established

Finally,Freud
dreams
visions

desires

sexual

that

puritanicalhypocrisy has always

if not

parent
trans-

very

observer.
showed

Fourthly, Freud
an

makes

symbols, however,

of

and

the

insanity, between

symbolic

symbolic actions

the

sleep and

our

tween
be-

direct connection

of the

mentally deranged.
There
which

made

Freud

patients,but
as
or

of course,

were,

the

foregoing nor
wield

likely to

as

observations

the
dissecting

while

all of them

not

other

many

present

they

were

dreams

of his

much

est
inter-

as

revolutionary

as

influence

much

on

modem

psychiatry.
Other
Freud

and

leading into

of Zurich, Adler
D.

C,

made

contributions

study
of

into fields which

path blazed by

unconscious.
and

to

which

Freud

Kempf

the

Jung
of Washington,

study of the

have

brought

himself

never

conscious,
un-

that

dreamt

invading.
One

fact which

however,

theory
nor

man's

of Vienna
have

the

struck

have
explorer's

is that

of dreams,

Adler's

be too

cannot

but

for

neither

theory

of

emphaticallystated,

Freud's

wishfulfiUment

Jung's "energic theory,"

and
"organ inferiority

com-

viii

INTRODUCTION

pensation,"
have

might

been

formulated.

Freud

is the father

and

he established

view.

No

lore
field

the
On

who

one

of

with

to

psychoanalyticalpoint of
well

achieve

hand, let

that Freudism
and

dogmas
such

as

the

few

in

inalitv, have

religionbounded

act

of faith.

ism
Freud-

stage in the development

of

out

which

all but

followers, totallylacking in orig-

evolved.
to the

physicianand

repeat the absurd

is a sort of

merely

was

added

of value

work

one

requiringan

bigoted camp

been

in Freudian

grounded

any

no

psychoanalysis,a stage

of

ogy^
psychol-

abnormal

psychoanalysis.

the other

assertion

of modern

is not

hope

can

"djniamic mechanism"

Kempf's

nor

erected

structure

by

have

stones

the Viennese

will be added

more

many

of

Thousands

in the

course

of time.

the

But

like

additions

new

which
statement

as

are

made

point of
That

view

the

of

for the

view

lapse
col-

dations
originalfoun-

Harvev's

as

of the blood.

additions

or

original structure,

remains

point of

the methods

circulation

of whatever

to

but

would

structure

indestructible

as

to the

Regardless
been

of cards

house

to that

changes
the

have

anal"i:ic

unchanged.
is not

all
only revolutionising

diagnosis and

derangements, but compeUing

treatment

the

of mental

intelhgent,up-to-

ix

INTRODUCTION

kind

every

The

insane

them

The

actual

no

longer absurd

in

asylums till nature

have

who

do

their brain

injury to

of unconscious

pitiable
people,
either

cures

or

made

system,

nervous

which

forces

so

by
are

them

cause

they might be helped

normally.

Insight into

riously
psycholog}^is replacingvicto-

one's

sedatives

and

rest

cures.

Physicians dealing with

have

begun

"mental"

take

to

factors

certain

to

and

been

not

abnormally things which

to do

most
al-

ery.
them, through death, of their mis-

insane

the victims

to

are

relieves

or

to

of disease.

be herded

to

attitude

entirelyhis

revise

physician to

date

into

"purely" physical cases

have

which

consideration

serious

the

predisposed a patient

ailments.

Freud's

have

views

also

made

revision

of

all

ethical

and

thrown

an

and

social

flood

unexpected

and

unavoidable

values

of

lightupon

have

literary

-artistic accomplishment.

But

the Freudian

speaking,

the

remain

ever

point of view,

psychoanalytic point

way.

under

We
his

field

those

puzzle to

indifference,refuse
the

or

to

which

over

shall

never

guidance

survey

he

of

view, shall
laziness

who,

from

with

the great Viennese

carefullygroped

be convinced

all his

broadly

more

until

we

or

his

repeat

laboratory experiments.

INTRODUCTION

We

follow

must

him

through

unconscious, through the land

charted

because

academic

the

of least

effort, had

line

could

Ancient

unscientific
evidence
blank

about

craving

left

amusing

Thanks

been

never

priorithat

exhausting

it

such

inserts

day

by unexplored

tracts

there

lions."

shall not

himself, and

are

interpretationof

into the unconscious

explorers. They

is

dreams

now

find hons,

record

the

any

filled the

dreams,

"Here

as

an

and, without

their maps

on

their store

lands, yielded to

romance

their

Freud's

to

"royal road"

man

decided

distant
for

support

to

spaces

with

had

philosophers,following

geographers,when

information

of

which

of the

charted.

be

not

the thickets

the
to all

open

they shall

of all his hf

of his

and

find

struggle with reality.

And

it is

revealed

only after seeing man

shall understand
"We

Putnam:

been

what

Not

been

Freud's
The
world

we

are

have

discouraged
dream

as

what

as

Freud

attempting

from

have

we

have

study

of

psychology.
he

originallyoffered

of
interpretation
a

we

said to

because

are

we

that

us

been."

in which

book
his

For

fuUy.

him

to

serious-minded students, however,

few

presents him

his dreams,

by

his unconscious,

as

legal record

dreams

to

be

was

as

pondered

to

the

stantial
circumover

by

INTRODUCTION

xi

scientists at their leisure,not

few

hours

make

his
to

Freud
of

extremely
those

task

imposed
for it

prepared

parts which

The
for

Freud's
in
nor

which
too

appear

advanced

in

Pream
and

to

compact
shall be

the

who

his

likely

magnum

the essential

scientific

of his discoveries

(Reservecredit

reading pubic the

shall neither

elementary

been

not

gigantic work

that

from

gist

discourage beginners,
who

those

to

more

are

psychoanalytic study.

all modern
manual

is the

key

to

With

psychology.
such

longer

any

as

Dream

excuse

Freud's
a

works

simple,

Psychology

there

ignorance

of the

for

of modern

times.
Andre
121

of

words, and

own

revolutionarypsychologicalsystem

most

those

magnitude

have

in the master's

psychology

no

of

the present book

psychology

form

realized the

constitute

to

ceptable
evidentiallyac-

by long psychologicaland

publishersof

presenting

thesis

those

upon

detail

any

reading

he abstracted

trainingand
the

the

In

in

sift data.

willingto

which

assimilated

reader.

out

novel

himself, however,

the

opus

leave

not

be

alert

average

could

days, Freud
to

the

by

to

Madison

November,

Avenue,
1920.

New

York.

Tridon.

CONTENTS

PAGE

CHAPTER

Have

Dreams

Meaning-^-

1
.;

II

III

Mechanism

Dream

The

24

Disguises

Dream

Why

.....

Desires

the

the

57

ai.
.

IV

VI

Analysis

Dream

Sex

The

78

104t

Dreams

in

Wish

Dreams-/

135

m
.

VII

The

The

VIII

Function

Primary

Dream
of

the

Secondary

and

164
x

gression
Re-

Process
"

186

IX

The

Unconscious

and

Consciousness

Reality
"

220

PSYCHOLOGY

DREAM

HAVE

DREAMS

what

In

we

in

were

When

dreams.

they

they

manifestation

hostile

transferred
small

that

dream

But

since

The
our

conditions

psychical
of

of

sleep,

to

then

origin;

its

we

the

notice;

waking

our

its

are

which,

compel
to

between
;

its

life when

repugnant

engender

has

disturbances

seem

mythological

dream

images

dream's

and

ing.
want-

relationship
its independence
the

during
its many

thought;

evanescence,

act.

thesis
hypo-

been

awake;

the

doubt

psychical

own

of the

of

was

is but
who

persons

of the

interpretation

an

to

downfall

the

scientific

of

there

to-day

dreamer's

is the

rise

or

moniacal
de-

powers,

expressive mythology

educated

among

friendly

higher

some

psychology;

to

minority
the

of this

whole

the

the

(^Withthe

Divine.

and

thought

of

ing
awaken-

after

either

as

of

interpretation

recalled

were

regarded

were

the

about

uncertainty

no

people

"prescientific days"

term

may

MEANING

state

iarities
peculthe

congruen
in-

feelings they
the

way

in

DREAM

which,

PSYCHOLOGY

awakening,

on

thoughts

our

something bizarre, and

as

rejecting it

or

problems have
which

answers

till

up

satisfactory. Before
the

dream,

itself double-sided.

significanceof
the

to

be

sense

mental

made

tendencies
dreams.

of
currency

to

the

time

same

former

regard

possiblebiological

dreani

meaning

single dream

can

"

of

as

philosophers

they

higher
"The

something

preserves

other

of

pressure

from

is the

external
the

originin

outward

liberation
nature,

fetters
many

real

of

of dream

of

some

claims:
the

spiritfrom

Not
that

the

of

detachment

matter."

maintain

to

instance,

of the
a

at

dream's

of the

all go

and

spiritual
powers

so

have

dreams

excitations,
sj)u4tual

manifestations

which

one

elevation

as

for

Schubert,

this, but

as

celebrate

given

psychicalactivity,

of

state

tion
estima-

have

foundation

The

pecuhar

even

state,

dream

tendencies,

these

of

one

in the

observed

be

can

over-valuation.

which

their

position with

to

the

Many

life is for them

far

to

is in

question which

its
as

each

of

question as

syntheses?

Three

soul

dream,

secondly,has

been

have

the psychical
is, firstly,

psychicalprocesses,

function;

demanded

never

is the

There

the

other

many

years

could

now

all there

of the

meaning

and

hundred

for many

lating
muti-

reminiscences

our

all these

"

it aside

thrust

are

the

whose

HAVE

DREAJMS

of

capable

life is

extraordinary
fields

rate, in certain

any

of medical

hardly

writers

psychicalphenomenon

at

provoked

and

dreams

are

stimuli

proceeding
either

which

has

fingers of

running

the

his

is to be

All

the

the

incoherent

stimulus, of

called

forth

keys

of

effort, due
certain

brain

as

view

holds

firmly to

the

have

got

meaning,

in

the. future, whilst

the

and
the

portance
imten

music

instrument.
"as

sical
phy-

morbid."

explicableas

are

physiologicaj

of the

cortical

ments
ele-

asleep.
opinion and

scientific

origin of dreams,

the

are

The

with

an

some

or

by

untroubled

to

to

organs,

otherwise

life

or

by

regarded, says Binz,

dream

body,

organs.

quite unacquainted

slightlyaffected

without

meaning

to

them

to

the

or

of his internal

of
peculiarities

senses

always useless, frequently

process

of

the

is

exclusivelyby

initiated

the

majority

According

sleeper from

fingersover

at

"

that the dream

all.

sound

person

dream

But

the

dream

achievements

this the

admit

greater claim

no

than

The

with

from

disturbances

accidental
dream

reach

day

("Memory").

strikingcontradiction

In

that

acknowledge

of observers

large number

the

Volkelt).

Schemer,

Phantasies,"

("Dream

hampered during

been

have

free movements

MEANING

belief that
some

dreams

they

way

meaning

the

can

be

do

popular
really
foretell

unravelled

PSYCHOLOGY

DREAM

in

some

way

other

or

The

content.

in

replacing the

by

:;cene

whole

as

which

it

was

laugh

at

of the

is

efforts

these

so

consists
far

as

is done

This

igmatical
en-

membered,
re-

either

rigidhey, or

some

the

replaced by something else of

Serious-minded

symbol.

and

of dreams

dream,

events.

according to

scene,

dream

reading

events

other

by

its oft bizarre

from

"Dreams

"

persons

but

are

sea-

foam!"
One

day I discovered

popular view
medical
I

arrived

use

of

one

which

at

of

like, and
had

the

most

the

waking

and

manifold

not

the

those
as

dreams.

dreams

by

state

have

methods

good service

me

the

in the

by

whole

school

analogiesof

been

to

gators.
of investilife with

dream

rightlyinsisted

to the

of

in

by

fore,
there-

hiterpretatiofi

investigationwhich

normal

upon

It seemed,

psychopathologicalprocesses.

strange

the

psychical disease

of

peculiarsensations

vestiga
in-

"psycho-analysis,"

name

observers.

of

the

psychologicalinvestigation,

priori,hopeful to apply

in

about

about

conditions

of medical

of dreams
tested

and
superstition,

phobias, obsessions, illusions,and

diverse

number
a

rendered

acceptance
The

of

which, under

found

the

to the truth

nearer

method
had

that

my

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DREAM

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HAVE

DREAMS
Another
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PSYCHOLOGY

DREAM

10

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DREAM

12

this

PSYCHOLOGY

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HAVE

DREAMS

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13

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DREAM

14

merely

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PSYCHOLOGY
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HAVE

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DREAM

16

{ A

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complete

HAVE

DREAMS

cognizance

repetitionof
the

to

with

the

of

latent

this

of

attending communication
with
of

the dream.

this bond,

attention
the

to

Before

the

forced

were

hond,

intimate

an

and
unintelligible

the

of

and

difficulties

the

thoughts connected

the

investigatingthe

it will be

the

is

the dream

of

On

thought.

there

between

its own,

complicated nature

dream

17

experience we

same

supposition that

laws

MEANING

advantageous

to

nature

turn

our

of

dreams
readilyintelligible

more

first class where,

the

and

manifest
dream

being identical, the

latent

work

tent
con-

to

seems

be

omitted.
The

investigationof

from

another

bizarre.

not

to

have

This, by the

way,

dreams

to

activityin sleep,for why

of

The

they

reducing

psychical functions

sleep in adults, but

may

is

further

to

the

of

such
the

that

jection
obbral
cere-

of

nature
are,

the

serve

and

ing
lower-

We

in children,

be, should

preparation towards

meaning,

should

belong

psychical processes

simplifiedas they

in children?

not

dren
of chil-

dreams

dissociation

fullyjustifiedin expecting
of

ble
is also advisa-

dreams

standpoint.

of this nature;

are

are

these

ever,
how-

tion
explana-

essentially

as

pensable
indis-

an

psychology

of the

adult.
I
which

shall therefore
I

have

cite

gathered

some

from

examples

of

children.

dreams
-

girl of

DREAM

18

nineteen
a

months

made

was

because

day

and,

PSYCHOLOGY

she

according

had

to

to

been

had

through eating

strawberries.

after

fasting,she

her

her

selects

of

kind

of dream

about

same

he

small

told

was

basket

was,

of

course,

woke

up

with

poses
sup-

forbidden

dish

months.

The

cherries, of which

of

allowed

only
the

she

offer his uncle

to

eating,

just now.

little boy of twenty-two

is

exactly what

menu

of

before

of her

out

night,

''Tawherry,
she

that

dreaming

ill

callingout

adding:

get much

that of

day

is

morning,

the

heard

was

for

herself

made

she will not

The
was

She

pap''

eggs,

in the

During

during sleep,and

name

and

of

day

sick

nurse,

food

without

go

joyful news:

the

child
He

taste.

to

one

present

"Hermann

eaten

all the cherries.'*

up
A
the

girlof
day

three

she had
her

morning

she had

been

was

to

story

the

on

had

half years

trip which

sea

she cried when

next

and

get

for her, and

too

short

out

of the boat.

that

was

the

during

thus

continuing

half

years

sea,

during

made

The

night

rupted
the inter-

trip.
A

boy

of

pleased with
stein

five

his party

region.

sight he

asked

refused

and

during

Whenever
if that
to

were

accompany

new

the

not

was

walk

at

all

in the Dach-

peak

came

Dachstein,

into

nally,
and, fi-

the party to the water-

HAVE

DREAMS
behavior

fall.

His

better

explanation was

Dachstein.

vexed

to be the

by

The

of

him

promised objectiveon
On

hour.
the

of

name

father

promised

day.

She

greeted

that

news

her

with

both

to

What

had

she

is

her

her

for

there

father

dreamt

that

her

in all these

common

which

and

undisguisedly

remain

On

quite four

aunt

account

years

next

in

realizations

of

of age,

and
a

the

of the

signpostgiving

excursions; her
other

some

with

day

the
been

father had

morning

"

for
she

is obvious.

excited

during

They

was

not

able
quite understand-

else than

brought
over

wish

from

the

night with

that

she

had

alized.
re-

girl,not
try
coun-

less
child-

her, naturally,huge
stated

the

simply

are

poliomyelitisa

remained

big

dreams

of wishes.

sight,is nothing

into town,

The

unrealized.

following child-dream,
first

reaching

places.

day

at

similar; her

also

next

They completely satisfy wishes

The

held.
with-

of the lateness

place

take

to

tain.
moun-

had

day

was

she noticed

another

of

ascent

of the

before

account

back

the way

the

six

walk

the

the excursion, and

what

girl of

the

short

cut

the

expected

object of

gave

dream

had

father

he

the next

ascended

getting a glimpse

not

dream

The

when

had

he

dream:

19

fatigue;but

to

forthcoming

Obviously

the Dachstein
was

ascribed

was

his

told

he

morning

MEANING

"

bed.

dreamt

DREAM

20

the bed

that

could
a

is

much

was

find no

when

it.

To

of

the

remember

we

be-Big only

bed

Miss

forcibly of her

too

became

she grew

that

big

that

righted

the bed

dream

"big"

be

to

as

of all children.

reminded

nasty situation
so

for her, so that she

explain this

frequently expressed wish

bigness

for

sviall

too

place in

is easy

wish

PSYCHOLOGY

The

Little-WouldThis

smallness.
in her
became

now

and

dream,

small

too

her.

Even
and

when

children's

dreams

polished,their comprehension

of desire
that

is

he

fairlyevident.
driven

being

was

boy

with

assiduously reading

easjT' to show

and

that he took

regretted that

From

this short

of

with

which

realized

are

the

the

day

the

during

the

dream.

no

of

rule, the

days.

istic
character-

further

is manifest

dreams

he
It is

those

are

their

"

desires

The

left

over

day previous, and

intently emphasized and

day thoughts.

Accidental

what

appear

or

war-

his models,

as

livingin

not

children

become

matters,

child, find

heroes

these

these

in

day before

life of the day.

in

as

or,

feeling has

fixed

of

eight dreamt

great heroes.

about

was

realization

of

The

collection

dreams

the

connection

from

he

as

Achilles

chariot, guided by Diomedes.

was

complicated

are

must

acceptance in the

contents

and
so

differe
in-

to

the

of

the

HAVE

DREAMS
Innumerable

as

be

can

mentioned, these

with
rid

of

the

JSIany
dreams

then

They

where

or

that

dreams
;

that
before

going

play

that

already up,

or

to

they

the office,etc.,
The

night

infrequently

not

one

called.

are

the destination

at

party the dream

infrequent^ anticipates,in impatience,

not

the

were,

dream

expected pleasure.
the realization

expresses

indirectly
; some
be

they

already arrived

to

comforting

given time.

sons
per-

continue.

sleep

when

journey

has

one

at

of

night-time

these

have

they are

to be

intended

an

let

to

ifest
man-

striving to get

already in school, at

they ought

before

thirst at

to

waking, just

dream

washing,

are

and

the

selection

drinking, thus

frequently

before

also, but,

adults

random

sensation

persons

fantile
of the in-

mostly exactly like

are

about

21

dreams

among

generally respond

dream

found

Thus,

content.

will

of such

instances

type

MEANING

known

desire.
dream
had

the

"

Thus,

wife

would

had

been

have
absent.
Its

realized

that

husband

wife, that
to bethink

expected

meaning

myself
pregnancy

should

what
some-

recognizing the

her

that

me

the

the young

if the

it shows

not

to

monthly period

is then

is that

the

sequel must

some

related

dream

The

pregnancy

times

of the desire

connection,

when

I had

pregnancy.

other

first step towards

of his young

begun,

At

it

as

occur

period
sign

of

the wish

just yet.

DREAM

22

PSYCHOLOGY

Under

unusual

dreams

of the infantile

The

leader

of

that
with

crew,

dreamt

the

of tobacco,

intricate

stands

On

fine

of

of

to

discover

with

of

these

meaning

realization

the

unintelHgible

beyond that

the

ingly
seem-

adults, it is

tonishing
as-

rarely as simple

are

of children, and

dreams

plicated
long, com-

some

much

dreams

that

of

speciallylucid part

one

up

transparent

ice the

meals,

frequently analyzing

more

more

the

dream

bound

desire, but

the

stance,
in-

slightrations,

containing unmistakably

out

matter.

amid

for

of home.

that out

uncommon

tells us,

diet and

and

frequent.

very

wintering

regularly, like children,

and

as

type become

polar expedition

during

It is not

circumstances, these

extreme

their monotonous

mountains

of

and

that

of the

they

cover

other
an-

realization

of

wish.
would

It

solution

of the riddle

it at all
intricate
to

certainly be

possiblefor
dreams

of the
an

trace

day.

expectation.

of the

most

us

of

some

But
Their

indifferent

of the realization

their content.

simple

if the work
to trace

of adults

the realization

back

and

of

the

convenient

analysismade

meaningless

to the infantile

and

type,

intenselyexperienced
there

is

dreams
and

warrant

no

are

bizarre

of the wish

for such

generally
matter,

sire
de-

and

is to be found

full
no

in

DREAMS

HAVE

Before

unrealized

obviously

another

mention
that

these
the

dreams

sea

washed

keep

the

But

the

choice,

by
had

and

dressed;

desire

is real

and

actual.

chiefly,
visual

of

this

work.

An

possibility

plishment,
,

is

not

had

may
idea

replaced

be

by

the
its

tions
presenta-

of

and

scenes

this

in

designated

vision

uncle.

realized;

eocisting

merely

to

than

Hence

fairly

only

my

dream

absent

entirely

to

already

wholly,

not

If

were

more

The

of

any

allowed

them

giving

is

been

only

images.

sense

is
and

if

if

one

desire.

longer;

to

stands

replace

can

something

the

transformation

dreams,

here

consist
of

gives

which

expressing

of

instead

dream
for

if

dreams,

one

are

fail

not

of

and

lasted

only

which

must

we

class.

phrase

cherries

mainly

this

trip

realization

di^eam

in

23

dreams,

characteristic

noticed,

long

clearly

most

desires,
chief

been

has

out

infantile

these

leaving

MEANING

in

of

kind

of

class

of

as

the
its

the

region
accom-

II

THE

We

compelled

are

of

though

at

somewhat
to

brought

the

commencement,

replaces

that

can

incident

disagreeable
should

for

have

occurred,

stinging

thought

never

had

anything

with
"You

have

portion
manifest

the

content

from

the

for

had

is

such

the

beautiful

dream

realization
24

of

attention.
after

the

have

wish.

nected
con-

dream:

latent
be

it?

has

eyes."

must

contrary

that

the

between

who

similarly
in

remark

self
it-

person

dream

analysis,

others

dream

exact

the

nothing,

opposition
of

the

the

as

the

woman's

the

always

of

just
in

with

pleasanter

that

two

Analysis

undivided

anything
than

kind.

for

her

in

it ; in the

occurs,

stanced
in-

analyzed

we

occupied
like

countered
en-

dream

occasion

us

the

of
was

me

intricate
it has

The

give

not

gives

wish

one

did

opposite

wife

my

did

in

whether

which

wife

my

tion
transforma-

place

desire.

something

that

such

know

not

possible

eooactly the

derived

do

taken

any

table, and

The

also

we

suspect
out

that

assume

thoroughly,

places

But

MECHANISM

to

has

scene

dreams,

at

DREAM

Some
and

therefore

MECHANISM

DREAM

THE
Another

manifestation
dreams

all incoherent

refound

in the
the

that

but

itself.

There

at first easy

of the
the

to form

condensation;

analysis,the

it.

whence
or

be

directions, no

more

For

events.

instance,

in all directions; at
person

stood

if to

drag

made

up

of
seen

him
out

out.

of

puberty, and

an

The

scene

event

of two

The

the

Surprise

Schwind's

Cycle

suddenly

separating), and

been

not

kind

the

on

arated
sep-

edge

one

of the bathers

was

occurred

of the Melusine
The

at

as

th-e time
I had

of which
The

dream.
in

composite one,

pictures,one

just shortly before,

were

that

dream

suddenly

place

one

into

lead in two

about

dreamt

bending towards

an

impressions and

more

once

in

go

the

has

the bathers

where

swimming-bath

or

no

It is

you

do not

which

scene

of two

be

to the extent

in

factor

no

can

impressed by

are

you

of associations

the chains

pieced together out

of

found

can

resulted

deeply

deeply

trace

opinion as

more

of

thoughts

condensation.

or

an

the

more

will

There

has

working

dream*

extraordinary compression
not

the extent

of which

dream

the

compare

down, with the dream

yielded by analysis,and

which

is still more

common

instance, and

any

the dream, if written

doubt

in

of separate ele^ients in it,or

number

be

work

of the dream

have

Choose

noticeable.

25

the

Bath,

(note the
Flood,

tures
pic-

two

from
bathers

by

an

PSYCHOLOGY

DREAM

26

Italian

witnessed

once

lady, who

until

the
the

of the

water

by

in the

dream

which

whole

had

the

to

little

of which
of

hand

the
find

the di^am

for in my

the realization

of

and

the behavior

d'hote.

to

An

I had

for

recent

ing

entire

an

the
and

The

dream

quite

this

that

me

its

of my

wife

and

much

other

becomes

intimacy,
a

the

The

stuff of the

accumulated
must

be

for

dream

the

at the
more

naturally fit

for

this

is

different

table
portant
imrated
sepa-

this
restnection
con-

element

This

starting-pointof

thoughts

formation

hand

the

distinct series of reminiscences, and

two

tention."
at-

factor

behind

j)ersons.

again

of

was,

which

quite

to

contradictory

through

to

to

"undivided

dav, lies hidden

knee, refers
to

There

courtship, one

our

recollection.

upon

in the

of

pressure

subsequent^

about

similar

exactty

episode
us

desire

the

ing,
court-

rise in the dream

gave

Analysis taught

related

of my

time

to

of all

First

content.

w^ord

scene

of which

one

recollection.

not

each

already spoken;

the table

the time

The

out

analysisled

for

the

ming-bath
in the swim-

hour, being helped

the table," which

at

tarried

selected

was

that

was

swimming-master.

I have

place

course,

men's

episode from

under

"under

had

of reminiscences,

group

contributed

came

little incident

The

master.

so

which

of the

on.

has

dream

apphcation.

been
scene

There

THE

IMECHANISM

DREAM

must

be

work

proceeds

one

The

photographs.

different

top of the other; what

on

picture stands
each

cancel

of

dream.
holds

either

to

as

the

there

is

have

as

such

as

change

rhyme,

in the

tails
de-

statements,
of the
this rule

dreams

of

section

separate outlet for

in

witty, but
from

work

in order

takes

the

make

to

idea.
when-

expression

simplest

in
of

is

deal

one

of

those

i*dea

the form

analogous

of the

which

making

supplies the

good

creation

often,

process

consonance

the

the

The

trouble

thoughts,
consists

common,

the

common

The

dream.
dream

actual

between

common

flightresponsiverecasting in

factor.

common

vary

posite
com-

duction
repro-

elements

many

ifi

two

yet nothing in

of the other

consists

as

in the

approximate

will meet

of

of

wavering

so

dream

something,

presentation feasible
to

the

nothing

thoughts, the

create

way

the

one

impressions.

When
dream

put

process

and, taking each

a.pp'arentalternatives

series of

to

This

in

read

or

"

common

family

analysis discloses uncertainty,

When

good:

are

interpretationof

Foi' the

his

elements

is

other.

peculiarvagueness,

with

clearly,the opposing

oUt

partly explains

to

Galton

like Francis

dream

The

factors.

common

more

or

27

dream

to that

desired
work

frequently,very

exaggerated, digressions. These

common

presentation in

the

dream

PSYCHOLOGY

DREAM

28
content

the

are'

dream

to

them.

to

In

the

dream, I find

I struck
have

another

by

to
:

one
^

free of cost."

which

give

might

rise

In

one.

the

"I

should

The

word

the

alysis
an-

like to

/ should

this formula

But

the dream.

another

following out

thought :

of

with

agree

as

of

example

our.

something for nothing.

serviceable

not

it

that

upon

varied

of the transformation

case

essentiallyforeign

as

are

essence

analysis of

like

in order

thought

and

in form

causes

which

thoughts

Hence

is

replaced

it is

enjoy something

like to

(taste) with

"kost"

its

double

is

meaning,
is in

moreover,

dream.

if there

is

decline, their mother

with
should

it."

taste

is

That

certainlyremarkable
that

sho^vn, however,

gentle persuasion,

the

work

dream

the

dren
the chil-

which

double

the

in the

specialsense
dish

d'hote ; it,

table

first tries

unhesitatinglyuse

the word
has

"Just

to

the

place through

home

At

appropriate

of

meaning

ample experience
is

occurrence

quite

usual.
condensation

Through
1

"Ich

pun

mochte
the

upon

"cost."

In

left

us

are

points

out

dream

is

the

by

so

"the

by

intimately

bound

every

rule

to-ngue has

untranslatable

edition,

upon

with
its

into

zu

meanings

two

p.

of

pun"

"

language
own

dream

other

haben."

"taste"

and

tion
interpreta-

(from

"The

of

languages."

pretation
Inter-

"Moreover,
Ferenczi

that

language

con-

fessor
footnote. Pro-

71

Daldianus).

Artemidorus
up

'Kosten'

example

finest

is based

ancients

Dreams,"

that
as

that

has

certain

dream

ohne

third

Traumdeutung,"

remarks

of
dreams

"kosten," which

word

"Die

Freud

geniessen

etwas

gerne

of the

"

truly

dreams.
Translatob.

DREAM

THE

MECHANISM

parts of its

stituent
are

peculiarto

not

found

waking

mixed

and

thought

and
of

these

the

dream

inexhaustible

feature

build

can

from

one

place

him

in

of

different

comparison

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and

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in the

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29

ways

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medley of dream

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DREAM

30

amples

PSYCHOLOGY

'of which

need

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place them

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peculiarlyadept

31

I should

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MECHANISM

DREAM

THE

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sents
repre-

threads

DREAM

32

PSYCHOLOGY

of the association
dream

do

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to

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DREAM

THE
fied witfr a very

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thoughts which,

dream

very

33

role among

feelings,have

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These

thoughts.

MECHANISM

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psychicalintensityof those thoughts and

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ther
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ognize
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PSYCHOLOGY

DREAM

34

transvaluation

is shared

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take

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day, or perhaps

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at

35

with

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exception,is

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MECHANISM

DREAJNI

THE

appearance
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re-

DREAM

36

PSYCHOLOGY

placed by something
entered

into

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indifferent

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in the

momentous

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DREAM

THE

for

member

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37

large sum

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MECHANISM

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formation

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DREAM

38

mixed

PSYCHOLOGY

but

image,

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In

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dent
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DREAJVI

THE

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39

readily understood

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MECHANISM

Whenever
exercises

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dream

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infre-

PSYCHOLOGY

DREAM

40

quently nothing

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all the parts of dream

is able to

upholds

of its

of the

reason

in

of

It rather

thoughts.

frequency

characters

By

the

dream

the

therefore
those

dream

for

destroyed.

with

restitution

the

to

has

restore

comparison

imagination, though

our

only

thoughts

expression must

in

meager

work

tent.
con-

it were,

analysis to

dream

means

as

on,

dream

the

is left to

It
which

connection

of

the dream

to

takes

work

content

be

logicalchains

The

lost in this transformation

The

regard

regressioncan

this process.

held

for

adapted

Having

scenes.

this stuff,the term

to

hitherto

which

these

41

best

constituents

the

among

construction

the

MECHANISM

DREAM

THE

dream

individual
elements

PSYCHOLOGY

DREAM

42

in

the

close

together

some

special inner
the

in

moreover,

observed

of

causal

left without

comiection

This

the

end

the

of

be,

night

one

sphere

same

of the dream

dream

The

accepts both

reproduction

in the

mentioned,

Conceptions

element.^

same

It

is

In

the

"gleam"
Essays,"

C.

In

p.

the

used

Abel's

same

essay,

following examples

gloom";

stop."

in

his

240),

"to

essay
Abel

lock"
on

says:

"and,"

of

loch";
"The
"When

den

by

in

The
of

the

that

expressing quite general

words

Origin

other
an-

in dreams.

der

Gegensinn

"down"

the

dreams

"not"

for

word

such

in

one

philologists maintain

eminent

ready
al-

I have

it is, as

no

"Ueber

is used

oppositionto

seems

that

remark

languages

antitheses.

(1884,

of

worthy

oldest

There

serve

alternative

"either-or"

preferably expressed

are

its

having equal rights

as

replaced by

stand

to

seems

the

of dreams,

which

and

effect.

When

be

to

the

one,

transformation of

utters

connection.

same

reversed

dream

and

cause

never

"either-or'' but
in the

in the

other.

the

the deduction,

direct

The

ent
differ-

two

after

one

being

into another

relationshipof

the

ideas is either

two

dreams

hypothesis.

thing

one

between

presentationis frequentlya

beginning

to

of

presentation,or replaced by

long portions

the

all the dreams

they

should

It

thoughts.

that

what

thought.
The

between

analysisto originatefrom

on

it warrants

content

connection

dream

represent

prove

dream

England
Downs";

Language"

Englishman

says

Urworter"
are

given:

"to

step-

("Linguistic
'without,' is

THE

DREAM

MECHANISM

Opposition between

ideas, the relation

two

represented in

is

version,

It is

way.

form

sensation
of

purpose
a

"

Only

on

of

in

the

for

These
suffice

condensation,

as

shows

such

formal

of
of

are

more

carelessly,our

more

or

opposites,
as

of

may

the

'with'

still be
and

based
and

seen

der

way

common

the

serves

of

impulses

worked
text

upon

the

will

'withdraw.'

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Urworte";

Jahrbuch

chopafholoffische Forschungev,

Band

thing
every-

fresh unity.

naturally do
abundance

In

of

not

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fur

see

of the

followed

dream

work

juxtaposition

includes

of

opposite
Verbs

Freud,

of

"Ueber

Psychoanalytische

ii,,part i.,p. 179).

"

two

'without,'

meant

the

English
also

nicely or

been

originally

"The

this respect,

more

have

comparative
itself

of

starting-

together

up

*out'; 'with'
in

veloped
highly de-

as

to

of

that

formation.

cases

thoughts.

proifering." Abel,
giving
"Linguistic Essays," p. 104;

Gegensinn

by

lationships
presenting the logicalre-

less closelv, auxiliaries

judgment

other
an-

another

The

dream

observations

means

dreams

of

agreement

estimate

an

individual

his

with

drawing

of the dream

not

deal

is found

"

of these

use

short, crude

dream's

as

"

makes

which

if

just

logicalrelationships

mechanism

the

work

of

the will.

of

one

eon-

able
remark-

reversal

checked

movement

identity,agreement
similaiity,

point

the

of

very

representing disagreement

conflictof

Dream

expressing disagreement.

of

dream

in

content

shall later

We

appendix.

dreams

expressed by

part of the dream

of

43

und

sense

mand,"
Comden

Psy-

Translator.

DREAM

44

will have

taken

been

the

In

latter

more

When

when

disregard

all

of

in the

dream

dream

denoties

its

apparent

it expresses

part

surdity
Ab-

ideas.

of the dream

disagreement^ scorn,
this

As

thoughts.

the

with

disagreement

owes

its

explanation
that

view

originto dissociated, uncritical

will

activity,I

surd,
ab-

in its

paradox

Through

content

disdain in the dream

entire

obvious

an

openly

appears

logicalclaims,

of the intellectual

is in

dream

the

of purpose.

so

obscure, intricate,

appear

it contains

it is

less into consideration.

or

they

case

incoherent.

content,

PSYCHOLOGY

emphasize

view

my

by

the
bral
cereample
ex-

an

'^'One

of

attacked

with,

by

less

no

all

we

Mr,

acquaintances, Mr,

my

has

but

bitterlyof

very

for Goethe

his respect

strike

me

this at

has not

improbable.

very

young

r,

we

are

It

man.

eighteen,

was

year

31

ner-part
din-

ished
dimintempt
at-

now

chronological relations which

the

place before,Mr,

taken

he

as

his attack upon

As

clear up

essay

this attach.

by

through this personal expeiience,

to

an

violence.

ruined

naturally been

complains

He

in

unwarrantable

maintain,

been

Goethe

than

person

has

am

Goethe

mu^t,

must

seems

not

actuallyin,

to

me

died

in

1832.

of course,

have

have

been

plauMble

then
that

certain, however, what

arid the whole' calculation

THE

MECHANISM

DREAM

falls into

obscurity. The

contained

in

well-known

Goethe's

when

business

state

that

without

any

man

there

derived

its material
M

from

poetical or

whom

to

dinner-party, begged
brother, who

with

asked

of death

dream)

which
A

2.

medical
others

review

of

from

the

pen

of

with
his

the

book

regret, but

in my

letter

that

our

unpleasant

to various

(year

tions
calcula-

displayed my

had

published a

friend

my

of memory.

of

juvenile reviewer.

name

ruinous

Berlin,
I

municated
com-

editor, who, indeed, expressed

would

I broke

hope

very

the

Thereupon

an

his

trouble.

of his birth

year

which

cover

by
a

examine

slightestoccasion

his want

up

journal
on

to

at

youthful escapades,

led him

and

has

dream

show

might

among

the

patient the

the

in

day

of his brother's

one

what

introduced

was

patient,

Without

occurred.

he disclosed
I had

will show

signs of mental

the

young

sources:

one

showed

conversation

episode

me

more

terests
literary in-

The

three

the
is

is in this madness.

method

Mr.

Mr.

analysis of the dream

My

In

ture
'Na-

on

essay

becomes

dream

absurdity of the

glaring

elder

moreover,

was,

"

The

1.

attack

45

not

off my
of

promise
connection

redress.

any

with

the paper;

resignation I expressed

personal relations

would

not

the

suffer

PSYCHOLOGY

DREAM

46

from this.

is the

Here

derogatory reception of

The
made

deep impression

it contained
which

eiy

find

to

doctors

the

educated
view

in

had

youth

our

that

mutilated

patient was

his

be

to

was

to

that this

me

the

unfortunate

genital

organs.

the attack

old when

eighteen years

pressed
ex-

also to the less

It seemed

in it, because

plausible

more

known

from

indicated

"Nature!"

meaning

country.

afterwards

and

overworking.

it seemed

The

arose

essay,

been

had

something

exclaiming

the exclamation

beautiful

the

me

of his mind.

out

gone

exclamation

the

patient gave

brother, who,

that

in that sexual

taken

years

professors.

her

opinion

that

me

later,commences

had

patient

ment,
judg-

my

several

of Goethe's

the

had

work

In

me.

upon

before,

Nature!"

friend's

my

dream.

biologicaldiscov-

the

of

of the

source

fundamental

among

considered

study

The

now,

history

"Nature,

to

little while

medical

that

only

favor

3.

real

occurred.
The
ego

was

in the

first person
friend

my

treated.

''I

now

relation"

dream-thoughts
had

who

attempted
My

chronologicalrelations

of

Goethe's

number

many

days in

book

logical
the chrono-

deals

with

life,and, amongst

ways

duration

the

scandalously

so

clear up

to

friend's

things,correlates
of

been

behind

of

important

other

life with
to

the

biology.

The

{''Iam

But

the dream
a

other

round?''

the dream

which

man,

dream

the

does

with
to

If

him

for

myself

because

the

in the

The

of his

meet

with

now^

When
ever

find

the

I follow

of

only scorn

own.

gives

neurotic
setiologyof psycho-

at me,

the dream

and

to

the

eighteenthe

it would

and

same
even

thoughts closely,I

contempt

the dream's

absurdity.

discoveryof

cracked

my

contempt.

same

out

only my

theory, which

(see the allusion

be leveled

in

discovery appears

"

would

ego

identifymyself

year-old patient ''Nature, NatureT),

criticism

is inspired

dream

no

acceptance
own

sexualitypredominance
disorders

great Goethe.

the

also.

fate

the

publish my

to

were

however

indeed, represent

typical of

me

the young

one,

any

that

the

obviously took

egoisticemotions.

not,

friend, but stands

it be

attacked

whilst

course

genius who

the

inversion

maintain

than

other

by

absurdity.

shouldn't

But

to-day easily attack

to

behaving

as

riots in

are

you

Goethe

when

prepared

am

This

is absurd,

can

young,

it.

actually

are

ironically. "Of

fool, and

all about

way

place in

we

friend

thus

thoughts run

madman,

general paralytic

year

my

and
general paralj^tic,

understands

exhibits

dream

The

what

certain

not

like

he is

47

is,however, represented as

ego

in").

MECHANISM

DREAM

THE

as

It is well

sheep'sskull

correlated
known
on

with

that the
the Lido

in

PSYCHOLOGY

DREAM

48

Venice

Goethe

gave

the

hint

theory of the skull.

having

on

resignation of
work

as

become

but who,

friend

the

honor

fossilized,

the

decades

this

that

man

the then

Goethe

written

that,"
We
dream

have

In

one

which

I shall not

long

in his
of the

manner

me

that," "No

addition

definite

and

"

who,

It

here.

popular slang of

exhausted

not

we

for

was

that

Schiller

the

day

posed
com-

etc.

work.

matter,

I had

j^outhfulcolleagues in

some

has

tion
protec-

no

continue

to

itself upon

h'ospital
adapted
"No

cause
be-

minded,
notoriously feeble-

trait, after the

find in the Lido, forces

is

chief

The

limit is not

age

hospitalhere

yet permitted

was

responsibleoffice.

to

tude,
decrepi-

of

Age

under

serve

for

an

work.

In

to

was

and

parative
com-

successful

so

Universities

against folly.
years

good

subject of

inspired was

academic

for

for the

quiteincapable of teaching.

in the German
demanded

self
him-

done

had

account

on

tebral
ver-

plumes

hubbub

in this very

some

anatomy)

agitationmy

raised

aged professorwho

an

(including

had

friend

3Iy

student

the so-called

for

is, indeed,
treat

this

I will

not

of the

to it yet another

shared

positionof

only point

of

condensation,

to

arrangement

ascribe

must

valuation

our

by

every

the dream

out

that

the

the

placemen
dis-

cal
psychiactivity
dream.

work

haustively
ex-

readiest

THE

DREAM

arrive

at

to

way

MECHANISM

conception

49

of

granted, probably unfairly, that

influencesthe
been
in

to

The

dream

it is true, does
There

is

gets

conceal

not

of

sort

coherent

which

of action

be

not

dream

and
a

dream

The

our

kind

of

fa9ade which,

is due

to

of the dream
the

which

to

first

it

gives rise

is

work

early attempts

the actual
action

perception that
is thus

dream

content

behaves
is to

secured

action

dream

our

under

just

liking.
the

its

terpret
in-

at

work

are

as

once

wards
to-

normal

our

proffered

some

The

at

behaves

dream

tent
con-

pretense of certain

expectations,is perceptually classified by

of

perficial,
su-

of the dream

which

towards

the

of

analyzing

"

an

must

merely

in

final elaboration

This

betraying the origin of

psychical

content

misconception

piece of

be

to

tions.
slight altera-

fact
a
regard for intelligibility

position.
com-

of its content.

for this part of the

easilygauged.

dream

is to get rid of these

motives

that

preliminary explanation

elaboration

thoughts

sists
con-

to

the whole

pronounced;

too

thus

whole,

strengthened by interpolationsand
Such

ready
al-

has

of the dream

coordinating the parts

so

for

quently
only subse-

it

content

Its mode

built up.

coalesce

these

dream

take

it is to

the

position
sup-

thereby risking
intelligibility,

falsification,
whilst, in fact, the

most

its

extraordinary

DREAM

50

PSYCHOLOGY

misconceptions arise
with

nothing familiar.
to look

unable

are

to listen to

or

if the dream

at

at

Every

is

one

discussion

of unknown

what

call

other

those

the result

are

analogous
In

dreams

there
to

We

dream

the

it is with

awaking

back

properly made

up

So

is

former
of

the dream
All

case

out

because

analysis is

as

are

we

breaking

much

value

spared, to

down

the

on

as

cerned,
con-

connecte
of dis-

medley

the

beautifullypolishedsurface.

same,

it would

fa9ade nothing

somewhat

of

meaning.

selves.
identifyour-

we

resembles

which

an

part of the dream

our

as

even

life.

one

In

extent, the

some

super-elaborationof

content.

the

dream

Wishes

and

and

order

way

waking

our

"quite mad,"

far, however,

smooth

trouble

about

as

fragments, is

in every

action ; not

such

no

bring

of

elaboration, that

the dream,

the

our

elaboration

an

this last-named

work, the dream

our

falHng

psychicalaction

to the

regard

dreams

of

attempt is made

with

out
words, with-

is familiar.

can

which

we

signs,

making perpetual changes through

once

We

that

aware

series of unfamiliar

any

regard for intelligibility,

through
upon

be correlated

can

be
but

an

the

arbitrary elaboration
at

and

the

instance

phantasies

are

of
not

to

error

see

misunderstood
of
our

the

dream

in the
and
ried
car-

psychical life.
infrequently em-

ployed

THE

DREAM

in the

erection

ah'eady fashioned
akin

those

to

they

are

of

and

of

other

facade

these

be

Thus

infancy.
true

core

with

admixture

through

the

the

dream

definition

that

in

transference
we

dream

of

compelled

are

to

that

say

for

and
which

be

must

mechanism
is true

refashions

that

"

that

which

more

shows

of

good

might

and

added

as

thoughts,and

have

does

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and

placemen
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last-named

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time

that

been

taken

It
tent
con-

the result of
but
these

already present
only

it

of its own,

performance;

conclusivelyevery

work

dream

in the dream

is found

intellectual

tent,
con-

dramatization,

explanatory

were

It

inconstant

be understood

operations

the

denotes

dream

condensation

it for

the

deal

to

else

keep

we

work

fancies

no

but

matter

If

dream

nothing.

the

nothing

work.

judges nothing, decides

prepare

is

thoughts

creative; it develops

is not

dream

repetitions

as

activities there

four

discovered

closelyto
the

dreams

our

directlythe

us

and

matter.

Bej^ond
to

show

may

wishes

in

of

scenes

distorted

dream,

These

themselves

the

are

"daj^-dreams,"as

"

called.

present

were

thoughts; they

analysis discloses

refashioningsof

the

51

fa9ade, which

hfe

waking

our

often

the dream

this

dream

properly

verj^

night,

of

in the

phantasies,which
at

MECHANISM

in
over

other
an-

alysis
an-

tellect
inthe

by

DREAM

52

the

dream

the

dream

been

if in the
other

to

silliest results
the

of

displacement
Even

things.
dream
be

to

been

the

not

are

heard

or

copied, but
quite overlooked,

always

found

are

the
and

other
in

the

compositions; they prove

of

speeches which

read; the words

occasion
their

and

culation
cal-

furnish

can

it

been

of its factors

which

out

or

the

was

this is

in the

operations to

same

new

pieced together
made

there

in the dream

speeches

content

that

the condensation

by

it has

thoughts ; whilst

correct, the calculation

if it has

calculation

is

alteration

work

dream

matter.

in the dream

dream

syllogism in

without

simply means

content

the

inoffensive

seems

the dream

to

a-bsurd

transferred

repetitionof

it

thoughts;

becomes

syllogism in

the

than

transferred

dream

content,

other

nothing

PSYCHOLOGY

of

are

have
fully
faithis

their utterance

lently
vio-

is most

meaning

changed.
superfluous to support

It is, perhaps, not

assertions
1.
a

by examples

patient. She

who
when

carried

she

gone''

to

the

going

basket.

the

asked

and

was

wished

to market

The

to

give

very

greengrocer,

her cook,

said
"That

to

her

is all

marking:
something else, re-

her

good,"
who

of

dream

with

butcher

for something:

him

"That's
goes

seemingly inoffensive,well-made

these

She

wants

declines, and
to

sell her

THE

DREAM

MECHANISM

peculiarvegetable which
of

black

color.

The

remark

''I don't

says:

"That

treatment.

patient that

the

all gone

are

The
a

second

herself

know

and

that; I

Thus

called

know

The

at

dream

the

lady)

portion

of this

The

situation

into

I behave
situation

nothing

other

but

an

new

it."

was

rived
ar-

content

in

portion

of the

dream

work

(while

this

edition

irrecog-

utter

imseemly

resultingin

is,''I

have

inoffensiveness
in

(who,

that

"

dream

she

"Behave

speech

the

complete

sense

the

before

; I won't

part, because

however,

that"

of behavior

arose

the cook

dream)

know

I don't

ences
transfer-

that"

day

to

in the

appears

imaginary

nizabilityand
certain

The

in rebuke

thoughts only

an

know

displacement of the

speech played
changed

''I don't

out

harmless

by

of childhood

the butcher.

am

connection.

this kind

more

to the

myself

replaced by

are

the

from

arose

I said

before

such, but

yourself properly;
don't

gone"

earliest reminiscences

remark,

also

moreover,

is all

days

different

very

had

as

few

dreams.

and

in bundles

up

take it/'

wont

in

She

is hound

53

way

in

the

to

phantasy is,
of

one

that

actuallytook place.
2.

dream

figures. ''She
takes three

apparently meaningless relates

wants

to pay

to

something; her daughter

kreuzers
florinssixty-five

out

of her

DREAM

54

hut

purse;

only

cost

The

she

dreamer

under
remained

child

she would

case

by

One

kreuzers, 3^5

in

with
the

day

and

end

the

to

lady

and

which

that

about

the

She

the

one

was

friend

same

florins

kreuzers

It

which

is

time

remained

of

come
be-

expressed

or,

treatment.

proposal

from
term,

viously
ob-

was

moved

had

the

respond
cor-

directress,
the

triviaUtyof

for the

already ten

but

of hers. Miss

age,

had

following

sittingwith
side

dream

dream.

rise to the

gave

the

lady,young,

heard

the

this

her treatment

of the school

the end

answerable

were

in the
A

3.

refuse

to

of

In

is three

which

considerations

financial
the

to

the

twenty-one

weeks

the three

of the dream

thus

amount

The

her

that

which

kreuzers,

sixty-fivekreuzers.

prolong

days,

365

dream

school.

remembered

equals

year

the

recommended
at

tinue
con-

daughter

had

figures in

if it be

her

as

before

able to

The

able to

was

day

year

been

year.

important
money.

another

have

one

school

placed her

had

long

The

of the

who
who

so

Vienna.

the

and

treatment

It

doing?

you

''

stranger

in Vienna,

directress

are

kreuzers/

was

my
at

keep

to

'What

sayt-:

twenty-one

child at school

the

PSYCHOLOGY

her

of the stalls

become

married,

years

Elise

of

L
,

engaged.

This

dream:
husband
was

in the theater;

quite empty.

Her

THE

DREAM

seats, three

for

would

have

not

The

mattered

the

fiftykreuzers?

florins

as

rid

that 150

fifty kreuzers.

For

three

months

dream

She

tickets in time
theater
It

side

one

therefore

was

been

was

for

in such

absurdity of
three
Now
married

tickets

once

Elise

in

when

hurry.

the dream
for the

earlj^
; I

she

for

unnecessary

Nor

must

that two

by her
to

her

empty.
to

overlook

we

persons

get

to the

came

almost

was

The

little adventure

teased

been

the

exactly

dreamer.

great hurry

of the stalls
quite

with
is

repetitionof
often

florin

one

the

piece,and

for the dream

so

has

she

times

concerned

than

is the

for which
husband.

that

had

ornament.

some

hundred

150

and

husband,

three

the

younger

in the

scene

her

one

tickets,the only link is

of the

received

had

by buying

florins is

florin

one

triflingoccurrence

from
it

the

came

sister-in-law

of

of the

went
figuresunder-

the

changes

Her

these

the matter

Whence

present

quickly got
Note

the

From

previous day.

and

opinion, that woulU

figuresfrom

interest.

of

her

cheap

some

much.

very

thoughts and
are

In

take.

not

only get

fiance had

florinfiftykreuzers,

one

origin of

dream

could

coining, but

intended

55

afid her

tells her, Elise

husband

they

MECHANISM

should

have
the
take

theater.
ideas.

need

not

It
have

was

stupid to

been

in

so

have

great

DREAJNI

56

hurry.

Elise

PSYCHOLOGY
's

example

should have been able to get

one

could

hundred
have

shows

husband

times better if I had

bought three

such

men

me

that

later ; indeed,
but waited.

with

the money

(dowry).

Ill

THE

WHY

In

the

THE

of the dream

work;

are

dream

work

which

its

In

resembles

aware,

has been

product,

the

truth, the dream

of

referred

be

of

ideas

of

group
the

The

regard

features

for

the

only

in

dream

into

among

number

that

of

the

essential conditions

neither

the

us.

tion
recognimust

the

illusion.

It will be

the

state

indispensable
phenomena

of
57

the

tion
explana-

formation

of processes
a

like

surpriseto
illness is

sleep nor

conditions.

other

important

more

probably
of

the

on

the

are

processes.

If this

line with

fathom

building.

other

work.

to

hear

in

to which

remains,

appearance

psychical disease, it becomes

dream

aroused

the first

these

of

the

the

especially displacement,

hand, peculiarto the dream

brings

To

obsession, and

dread,
and

failing

has

psychicalprocesses

morbid

as
as

origin of hystericalsymptoms,

Condensation,
never-

is

far

so

else.

it

that bewilderment

dream,

work

regard

which,

nothing

transferred

learnt

now

must

we

quite specialpsychical process,

we

DESIRES

have

foregoing exposition we

something
a

DISGUISES

DREAM

everyday

whole
life

of

DREAM

58

healthy
and

in

PSYCHOLOGY

holding things, together with

of mistakes,

due

are

that

to

to

certain

class

psychicalmechanism

of the

speaking

in

forgetfuhiess,shps

persons,

dream

and

the

alogous
an-

other

bers
mem-

of this group.
is the

Displacement
of

strikmg

most

all the

dream

of
thorough investigation
essential

condition
;

on

in the

to
no

w^hich I could

thoughts w^hich
the
those
as

I do not

wish

We

get

cannot

where

which

surpriseme,

mine,

which

v"]iich

are

not

indeed,

hit

which

only

unpleasant, and

damage

it would

I have

the content

tinue
con-

regard

known
to

would

to

event

finallyat

foreign

which

is

dream

upon

personal an

not

be

of that particular

without

I arrive

appear

know,

If, however, I

so

to

some

to

serious

instead

should

matter,

I found

I added,

dream

one

I had

strangers

analysis for myself,

dream

chologica
psy-

thoughts in the

dream

call for secrecy.

others, for whom,

my

purely

motive.

relate without

not

intricate, I

or

is

p. 8 because

on

in every

dream;
obscure

of my

I to select another

were

that the

of di'eams.

considerations.

important
use

of

analysis

dream

my

experiences which
and

the

performances.

displacement

off the relations

analysisof

and

by thrashing out experiences which

avoid

break

of

problem,

subject shows

the

it is in the nature

the track

cannot

of the

core

ideas
to

me,

be
but

like to

DREAM

DISGUISES

vehemently,

oppose

the

through
I

whilst

take

by admitting

account

part of

this

could

this state

consciousness.

thoughts.

and

the

Thus

ally
actu-

are

certain
tue
vir-

by

I call

me,

It is therefore
casual

recognize some

this

"

I conclude

desire

the

the

at

deed

the

tent
con-

incapacityof

that

the

cause

conceal

to

these

conception

of the

the

work,

of

dream

displacement serving to disguisethis object.

ask

myself.

thought which, quite innocuous

in its

I will test this in my

What

into

obscurity of the dream

I arrive
as

to

repression

is

to

''RepressionJ"

Whence

distortion
of

orably.
inex-

However,

conscious

not

of

obscurity

dream

ning
run-

me

upon

thoughts

energy.

me

relationshipbetween

the

ideas

circumstances

these

become

not

impossiblefor

of

of

psychical life,possessing a

my

particularcondition

and

59

particular psychological condition, the

thoughts

these

that

psychical intensityor
of

chain

the

analysis intrudes

only

can

DESIRES

is the

distorted

form, provokes my

me

for

the

opposition in
free

expensive drive

I should
which

shortly before
disbursement

for

once

I should
the

dream

for this very

like to
not

have
had

person.

drive

with

family, the interpretationof

of my

being:

of the last

liveliest
that

I remember

its real form?

and

dream,

own

ber
mem-

the

minded
re-

dream

tion
experience affecto
to

pay,

and

make
In

this

that

hea^^y

connec-

DREAM

60

tion, I

cannot

PSYCHOLOGY
from

get away

this disbursement.
this

dream

I did not

yet I
for

expend

that

unconscious

is

lead

away

far

of

of my

state

to

for

way

of

we

dealing

neurosis

"

repressed

their

connection

ter-current,
coun-

it

Why

was

would

which, though

result is the

others

instead

person

healthy
to

same

is, however,
the

person

accept this

of the dream

pressed
re-

thoughts.

sufferingfrom

person

hysteria
"

ideas
with

is
the

the

of the

the

symptoms

patient from

for
whom

tickets for

one

that she does

the

compulsory by
symptoms

repressed

of

not

ideas.

fiftykreuzers.

think

any

highly of

reason

of
of

his illness

exclianging

I got the last dream

florin

if

recognition

improvement resultingfrom

and

shows

with

from

say

these

three

essary
nec-

libertyto reject this explanation. But

is at
are

it became

elsewhere.

him

enable

to

me

that

honor

my

me.

of another

dream

entail

regret, the

answer

convincing

gret
re-

ing
wish-

question which

idea is the coherence

He

when

analysis,the

to

the

on

The

the

dream

for
In

changed.
only

should

sum.

from

own

motives

the

affection that

another

quite

subject the

one

in my

can

edge
I acknowl-

when

sense

knowledge, belongs

my

If I

is any

moment

thought that

only

unconscious

was

within

an

hesitate

to

us

there

for

And

outlay.

no

It is

feelingthat

in the

the

Take

the

about

the

Analysis

her husband,

DREAM

DISGUISES

that she regrets

be

glad

that

to

him

she maintains

her

emotional

for

that

When

her

certain

period

love

conclusion

and

therewith

when

memories

she

husband,

her

about

this

this

as

toms
symp-

her

that

her

she

did

disappeared,

symptoms

disappeared

dream.

rewakened

had
conscious

was

that

ciation
depre-

better!) but all her

same

repressed

not

husband,

her

nothing

It is true

the

to

else.

one

she loves

times

61

him, that she would

some

life knows

(a hundred
lead

married

having

change

DESIRES

resistance

to

the interpret

of the dream.
This
with

the

of the

distortion

dream

psychical matter,
give

that
are

the
the

analysisof
most

unrealized

realized
over

are

from

discloses

to

of

dreams

again pictures as

obscure

realized
the

desire

held

been

est.
absorbing interintricate

dream
is

desire

dreams

only cleared

or

it is

one

scene

which

ideas, but

itself is either

foreign to consciousness,

dreams

they pictured as

of
and

some

unrecognizable,and
The

learnt

similar; the dream

very

from

We

meaningful

are

pressed
re-

principal results

the

supplies.

atid

to

position to

consciousness, have

daytime,

something

analysis.

in

desires; the desires

analysisof

proceeds

in relation

are

and
intelligible

known
the

The

is

we

general exposition

which

fixed,together

conception of repressiononce

larly
regu-

the
up

ture
pic-

in the

repressed,

closelybound

up

PSYCHOLOGY

DREAM

62

with
dreams

be

may

realizations
that

note

to

of

the

which

stated:

is not

us

here

it wishes

to

beheve.

be

divided

Dreams

can

Firstly

infantile

adults.
form
the

those

come

larger

analysis

but

becoming

number

for

where

of

their

repression exists, but

accompanied by
the

dream

to

replaces dream
work

as

what

is

feelingof
This

end.

now

It is not

present

as

without

dreams

are

dread

which

or

these
with

bly
invaria-

dread

brings
here

the dream

dream

difficult to

dread

far

they require

feeling of

intense

by

Thirdly,

this in the

very

among

constitute
and

of

in veiled

displacement ; I regarded

having prevented
class.

second

an

These

non-re-

dreams

express

these

sire.
de-

of

rarer

understanding.

slightconcealment.

ing
accord-

are

ever

but

it believes

exhibit

dreams,

our

which

realization

which

as

ogy
psychol-

classes

three

which

repressed desire;

some

future

its wont

the

dreams

the dream

Folk

desire; these

type,

Secondly,

dreams

into

interesting

will occur,

occur.

towards

pressed^ non-concealed
the

which

according to

their relation

to

is

the

these

concealed

are

regard

that

like to

for

It

Although

future.

proceeds
what

They

right who

are

would

we

formula

pressed desires.

they

shows

dream

that

thus
i^e

foretellingthe

The

ideas.

repressed

prove

in the

of the
that
dream

desire, and

once

was

There

without

of

the

These

dread;

show

An

that

it

such

belongs

Analysis
how

to

will

A
the

concealment

girl dreamt

child
but

as

lying dead.

that

she

last

of her

years
was

Were

the

to

meet

this

is

longing

feeling.

ticket for

to

The

the

sires.
de-

time

same

displacement

of

before

and

she

the

of any

funeral

to

him, but

day

of the dream

same

scene

view

pain,
resented
repessary.
nec-

of the child
the

man

die, she would

in her

meet

to

her

the first

saw

that

was

spoken

again

before

the

that

Nor

child

lecture, which

dead

sensible

not

at the

second
man

of dreams

sister amid

the view

of hers.

seen

will

repressed

at

lying

saw

ago.itwas

had

she

loved.

this

She

desire

Years

She

few

to

desires.

naturallycombatted
a

sure

of

is the work

only surviving child

surroundings

class

demonstrate

that

example

an

realization

of

used

been

psychical futility

second

our

excellentlyadapted
the

to

analysis of

perfectly concealed

"

the

dreams

among

always

the

in

anxiety

any

and

sion.
repres-

tent,
painful con-

reckoned

be

unimportance

dreams.

of

of

presence

cannot

with

dreams

63

to the

secondary

now

they have, however,

the

prove

is

also definite

are

dream.

DESIRES

DISGUISES

DREAM

she
be

sister's house.

struggles against

announced

she had
the

taken
presence

of the
a

PSYCHOLOGY

DREAM

64

she

man

of

dream

always

loved.

journey, theater,

The

of the*scene

to the occasion

of

out

further, that

Note,
dream
real

place, and

is

adapted,

but

the
call for

no

There

hitherto

but
We

we

to

with

have

the

formulated

find any

cannot

hold

that

the

second

has the

open

to

path

of the first

^onlyarrive

the

to

scene

ticipates
an-

there

is here

for

phers
philoso-

origin of

dreams

territory. The
only

not

from

to

advantage

of

procedu^^is unknown

At

the

the

first passes

borderland

of these
over

into

the

the

scheme

study

of

two

thoughts.

The

to

two

as

contains

products
the

whilst

through

at consciouskess

some

complicated,

that its

consciousness,

pression.
re-

that will suffice.

simpler one

constiniction

of

construct

psychicalapparatus

our

for

one

in the

psychology

allowed

be

must

procedures

an

The

is,it is true, already somewhat

di'eams

exist.

once

behavior

occasion

no

first steps in this unknown

we

it did

ideas.

been

bestir themselves

conception as

which

shifting

painful emotions.

We
clear

the

displaced,but

the

dream

pen
hap-

joyous feeling

any

emotional
to

simply

which

by

long-hoped-for meeting;

has

to

not

suppressed

when

yet where

the

is

simply anticipated

or

longing is concealed

pleasures.

were

to those

impatience common

before

dream

The

find

activity

itself,and
the second

can
one.

procedures, where

second,

censorship

DREAM

DISGUISES

DESIRES

is established

which

keeping

everything

back

only

pleases it,

what

passes

which

That

else.

65

by the censorshipis,according to
in

that

changed
kept

back.

occur

has

what
In

the

through

the

been

is

way

it.

It is

this

case

negligence
repressed

"

has

in view

foundation

and

the

such

the

for

which

possibly

so

what

the

guard,

sorship
cen-

tain
cer-

placate

to

as

in

in

conscious

what

one

cedure
pro-

of the

other.

compromise

this

another

many

it is for

"

the

the

dream.

processes
of

displacement,the acceptance
have

we

in the

found

work.
is not
has

for

the

played

formation

to

us

of dream
that

be

as

off

observe

associations,which
superficial

It

But

demands

can

we

longer

succeed

becomes

as

so

censor;

now

origin of

just

compromises

of condensation, of

dream

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psychologicalprocess,
In

of the

between

compromise

Repression^ lacdtyof
is the

no

merely

which

compromise

ance
bal-

the

is

this may

conceded

be

must

ditions,
con-

procedures

consciousness.

absent, but

alterations

certain

repressed can

sleeping state

to

never

two

jected
re-

tion,
defini-

our

sleeping state,

the

is

hitherto

finding its

is the

between

power

Under

repression.

of which

one

of

of

state

is

the

deny

demonic

element

part in constructing our

work.
of

The

obscure

planation
ex-

impression left
dreams

proceeds

is
as

DREAM

66

if

had

person

PSYCHOLOGY

something

for another
hear.

to

that

dream

distortion

ourselves
of

and

second
of

correlate

our

Once

entrance

the

this

the

conception

that

which

That

the

rather

are

again
dream,

happens

in

that

contains

understanding

Wliatfirst

mands
com-

can

clude
ex-

by

one,

"

as

dream

is suddenly

forgotten
approach

Probably

the

of

infrequently

so

i.e,,into

content

desire, and

it not

readiest

dream.

in part,

the relation

of the

the best and

revoke

firmed
experience,con-

our

fragment

of the

to

explains this

fragment
This

censorship

of weakness.

the dream

realized

and

able

now

moment

dreams

it sinks into oblivion

Viewing

crude,

tion
confirma-

the

again. During

some

forgotten.

is
a

during analysisof

or

tured
ven-

procedure

overcome,

convinced

and

the

of

offer of these

may

and

sway,

forgettingof

least, we

image

consciousness.

granted

was

is dependent

censorship,and

consciousness,

to

sleeping state

complete

resumes

of

use

that the second

the first from

why

he

shall expect

procedures, we

the

an

whom

the

the

explanation the future

and

of

by

be disagreeabl

must

least definite,psychologicaltheoiy.

at

ever

at

upon

our
crj^stallize
impression in

to

but

is

which

say

person

It

figure to

we

to

that

renewed

variabl
into

is

pression.
sup-

representation

referringits

vagueness

to

DREAxM
the

made

changes
it is

matter,
of
those

should

find

The

the dream

state

sleep, whatsoever
being

might

stimuli

known;

are

to

child to
wants

His

sleep?

hindrances

to

another

kiss; he
are

would
the

have

rhinoceros.

mother

till the

play
in

following day.

needs, which

sleep. Every

to

in part met,

agitatehim,
knows

one

the

boy (Baldwin GroUer's)

night bellowing out,

psychical

wants

who

rhinoceros/'

means

child is full of beseeching

of the bad

at

external

the

at

charming story
awoke

by

are

Look

The

and

thereto

internal

sleep.

off

the

keep

to

the

by

psychicalapparatus.

what

requirements

desires

Clearly these

but

to

of all stimuli

the

serve

depress

drasticallyput

about

compelled

or

objects to

frustrate

yet awhile.

are

view

our

psychical change

brought

which

means

which

he

part

by

guardian of sleep.

the removal

by

other

open

distant

getting her

sleep

to

employ

can

we

with

disturbed

concerned,

the

or

assisted

The
stimuli

tion
func-

contrast

the

are

it be, is

sent

fatigue,only
which

dreams

the

grasp

sleep is

as

repressed

ready acceptance.

sleeping

child

that

67

in the

censor

fundamental

assume

children's

as

the

In

hold

we

DESIRES

longer difficult to

no

which

saws

far

by

dreams.

dreams,
So

DISGUISES

reallygood boy,
dreamt

that

Because

the

he

^'I want

instead
was

dream

the

of bellowing,

playing with
which

realizes

DREAM

68

PSYCHOLOGY

his desire is believed

makes

sire and
that

sleeppossible.

this belief
it is

accords

arrayed

probability;the
it will

also learnt

practice
until

this

reahzed
It is

be

Thus

has

jealous

influence

upon

it is endowed
A

or

us

"

like

for

and

that

child's dream

explanation.
sane

every

of

person

the
the

which
has been

chical
psy-

child

reached

experience of life,exercises
dominating

by

and

of

restraining
its relation

by

its spontaneous

the greatest

portion

wishes

happens,

psychical emotions;

with

his

psychical way.

fashioned

and

For

have

differentiation

the

power

world.

elaborate

been

by

roundabout

short

never

to

aspirations,

some

to

has

continuous

by

his

psychicalprocedure

consciousness,

power.

this

"

the

adults

exception

not.

capacity which

external

him

more

for

which, informed

to

in

appears

it is that

matter

with

for

rare

much

without

knew

in the

change

everything which

in

granted

possiblethat

demands

the

postpone

during sleep

even

cause
beof

this differentiation;he

to

it is

reason

image,

psychical appearance

futilityof desire, and

can

dream

distinguishhallucinations

learnt

has

manages

by

the

be denied

reaHty.

the

they

method

in the

the de=

It cannot

child is without

phantasiesfrom
adult

with

later to

acquire

The

during sleep,it removes

the

means

infantile

of

mobility,

psychical

emotions

has

DISGUISES

DREAM
been

withheld

and

all the

found

from

normal

the
ego

of

state

reposes

which
what

it

the

much

rendered

blocked

perchance, make

the
stimuli

fact

names.

makes

use

could

being always

our

quality.
the

As

the

not

plain
ex-

by

physiologist

by

the

by
tion
cessa-

people by gently callingout

attention, thus

internal

desires, and

than

is awakened

of her child,the miller

the

might,

awakened

the old

mother

in

is exerted

which

we

be

even

wiser

of

This
of

that

sense-stimuli
seem

The

sleep.

however,

admit

Otherwise

of his mill, most

their

of

sleep.

pointed out,

whimpering

movement

to

state

awakening

an

of certain

Burdach
the

of

that

spirit

ness
conscious-

to

of free attention

amount

down

of the child's

must

we

with

keep

to

approach

of the

Moreover,

continuance

sleep,it appears

less
neglect is really harm-

the emotions

protection against

for

disturbingsleep must,

deep sleep some

are

recognize our

we

day

difficult,and

of their

avoided.

as

the

This

in consequence

danger

these

of th*e energy

some

be stirred,they find the

may

life,

to

ditions
psycho-physiologicalcon-

during

repressed.

however

from

the desire

abandon

wont

was

was

in which

upon

sleep to

useless

as

flow

69

repression.

procedure

compelled by
of

procedure

which

thoughts

in the

Whilst

this

DESIRES

fuses

stimuli
them

on

the

alert,

arising from
into

the

pressed
re-

dream.

DREAM

70
which
the

as

time.

release
formed

or

satisfies both

compromise

same

PSYCHOLOGY

dream

The

for the wish

the

by

which

aid of

presents it as realized.

creates

other

it makes

the dream

which,
which

and

the

of

what

should

of

dream,

the

the
"It's

only

It is

dream,"

sleep

from
"

is here

as

and

the

changed

sleep at

the

it

it

right
this

then

and

now

content

turber
dis-

cends
trans-

think,

we

if there

lines
border-

are

its function, to preserve

of

no

so

longer

impending
function

time.

night-watchman,
by quelling disturbances

feelings

of

much,

too

another

proper

are

but

sleep on.

where

for

tempt
con-

apparent

the

on

dream

this view

dreams

The

greater

sleepwe

interruption,can
in the

child;

probably nothing

censorship rather

for the dream

the

In

sleep.

objectionto

no

is

incompetency

of this contempt;

aware

sured.
as-

the dream,

bear

we

repressed; with

upon

our

like

sleep."

me

sleeping ego

our

was

rest

is also

sleep is

absurdity and

the

upon

the

about

let

awakened,

of
illogicality

reasoning

it

as

picturesbehevable, saying,as

once

rests

the

gladly behaves

right,but

"Quite

were,

suppressed

procedure

of

at

of psychical

repression,inasmuch
The

here

ego

form

is either

satisfied,since the continuance

Our

procedures

"

It acts

who
as

dread.
to

to

It

suspend

like

first does
not

tained
main-

be

his

waken

scientious
con-

duty
the

DREAM

citizen, but
when
the

he

awakens

function
when

sleep influence

but

an

That

insoluble

The

stimulus

affects the

dream,

results

dreams.

sleeperis not

but

is

course,

no

such

Either
In

more

the

he

with

the
ways

stimulus

he

case

than

one

who
He

make

one.

troubled
that

discovery.

investigator

of

This

by
he

number

of

To

was

scene
was

definit
in-

is, of
external

an

in many
in

the

pears
ap-

There

ways.

sleeping on.

of the

dream

to

this, again, in

instance, he

For

to him.

dreamt

use

stimulus, and

by dreaming

was

react

succeeds

he

can

external

this

vestiga
inbeen

has

determination

free-will.

sleepercan
or

intolerable

by

psychicalfree-will.

awakens

the latter

dismiss

psychical

the

sense-stimulus

certain

medical

there

the

can

properly recognized in

intermingled

to

and

of the

of the

which

whose
interpretations,
left

one

with

by

sense

during

known,

Hitherto

connected

the

to

it is

the

for

aroused

senses

is well

dream

riddle

able
un-

especiallywell
incentive

some

the

overestimated
of

of

causes

himself

and

becomes

experimentally verified
much

the

alone.

arises

the

should

serious

of dreams
there

71

duty quite properly

street

them

with

his

him

to

perception.

sense

be

the

seem

to cope

marked

does

equally

trouble

This

DESIRES

DISGUISES

which
the

means

can

stay

lutely
is absoused

scess.
painful perineal abon

horseback, and

PSYCHOLOGY

DREAJM

72
made

alleviate

his

the

from

of the trouble.

with

him

of its

of

part

the

he

first act

there

was

written
it

to

it

connect

one

before
to

been

which

At

waking

have

waking by

the

chief

not

be

all

motive

for

bodied
em-

applause;

prolonging
he woke

to

his
he

rightlythat
carpet

loud

the

or

noise

bed.

just
ulus
stim-

the

cover

explanation,and

other

thus

little while.

is not

drawn

from

as

dreams
known

to

of dream
of adults

dreams

erotic desires.

will

dreams

of

the result

of the

most

by analysisto

distortion

the

learn

traced

are

which

firmlyaccepted this censorshipas

surprisedto
that

one

moment

for when

attempted

some

has

nature, which

in

with

prolong the sleep for

Whosoever

this

beating

come

some

enthusiastic

succeeded

have

were

being performed;

the noise ; he concluded

must

dreams

if it

as

comed}^

was

clapping.

have

must

amid

over

longer heard

to

quently
fre-

more

undergoes

Thus,

matter.

sleep despitethe disturbance,

The

him

is treated

motif;

great

was

dreamer

had

definite

some

stimulus

leads

and
reality,

psychical

that

dreamt

no

got away

is

as

to

repressed desire seeking its realization,and

robs

thus

Or,

external

the

case,

intended

was

saddle, and

rendering, which

new

the

poultice,which

pain, as

cause

the
a

the

of

use

all dreamers

are

assertion

This

obviously

terpret
in-

of

from

sexual
their

experience,and

own

as

DESIRES

DISGUISES

DREAM

the

are

dreams."

"sexual

who
of

made

are

barriers

sexual

needs

dreamer's
many

strange reminders

called

perversions.

many

other
erotic

shows

dreams

them

in

desires ; whilst, on

us

with

in dreams

Towards
is

no

that
a

the

other

manifest

day only, reaches

the

help

the

their

sexual, whilst

relinquished.

Since

some

of the

tion
presentasires.
de-

which

remembered

be

must

required so

civilization

as

so

learnt

and

point

to

in its

vague

of

soonest

persons

vast

the

or

all

understand

expression,

misunderstood,

in saying that nearly every

justified
at

of sexual

this statement,

have

we

invariablyoverlooked

retained

ing
noth-

repressederotic

of

most

infantilesexuality,often

has

that, in

ical
mastery by the highest psychin

are

processes

behest

are

interpretation

the

postulate,it

at

of what

thoughts saved

the

of

the

state, the

hand, that much

awake,

moval
re-

to

content

of

class of instincts has

suppression

so

details

the

analysisdiscovers

explanation of

theoretical
no

waking

the other

surplus from

as

his

reality,realization

when

thought-making

halt

found, the work

as,

up

cry

to

of

choice

which

in whose

be

can

the

sex,

as

ever

are

objects of

in

But

dreams
of

reason

the

all the

scribed
usually de-

ones

These

sufficiently
mysterious by
persons

only

73

we

are

civilized person

other

the

infantile

DREAM

74

type of

1most

life ; thus

sex

Iinfantile

PSYCHOLOGY

desires

sex

powerful

understand

we

furnish

the

repressed

frequent

most

for

impulses

that

the

and

formation

of

dreams.^
If

the

erotic

is the

desire, succeeds

one

in

expression

The

way.

be

cannot

it is

of these

matter

exhibited

sexual

differingfrom

presentation,those
of

direct

termed

these

answer

"symbols."

of the

the dreamers

is

symbol

Since

arises

whence

A.

of

"Three

Freud,
A.

Brill

Company,

New

than
do

their

Contributions

{Journal of
York).

has

Nervous

of

of

speech.

know

it remains

the
a

what

zle
puz-

they

itself is undoubted,

for the
Sexual
and

that

community

use,

rected
di-

the like symbols

use

cases

fact

to

been

observed

relationshipwith

importance

indirect

commonly

themselves

not

rect
indi-

tion
presenta-

are

community

The

denote.

becomes

and
1

and

certain

placed
re-

deprived

of

means

language

symbols they

of the

meaning

replace

greater
dreamers

the

be

specialinterest

same

in

indeed, that

of

must

requirements

be

similar

these, since it has been

towards

"

The

tions
presenta-

cases

in dreams

used

understanding.

which

other

tent
con-

must

by allusions, suggestions, and

means;

some

only possible

such, but

as

of

its manifest

making

innocently asexual,

appear
in

which

dream,

technique

Theory,"

Mental

of the

translated

Disease

by

Publishing

DREAM

DISGUISES

DESIRES

interpretationof dreams,
knowledge
the
of

parts
dream

the

to

of this

symbohsm

meaning

of the

dream,

and,

his

to

as

popular

of the

ancients,

dreams

aid

of

of

whole

question
thus

come

the

whom
with

the

again

possess

among

or

the
near

interpretationof dreams,

an

hand,

dream,

the

to

We

of

stand
under-

possibleto

elements

ideas.

identical

was

it is

having

own

idea

the other

on

the

by

occasionally even

itself, without

dreamer

since

75

their

technique

interpretationof

explanation through

symbolism.
the

Though
from

we
finality,

and
the

The

sexes

parents;

room,

represented by

are

There

are

obtained

through

other

The

words

short

summary

read

by

other

of universal

symbols

in all dreamers,

one

the

than

translated, in deference

of

range

"and"

from

of

of

be
clews

not

to

passage

"channels"
in

the

to

English

at

always

and

first
the

to

so

on.

comprehe
in-

quite

meaning

channels.

circulation,found

speech
in

the

original.

professional people

peror
Em-

great variety of

the

had
often

would

of which

Queen)

woman,^

which

meaning:

and

moved
re-

observations

symbols

are

same

(King

Empress

symbols, many

been

the

far

series of general

particular
There

have

practicallyalways

sj^mbolism is
possess

of

quite certain.

are

mean

now

and

statements

which

of dream

study

the

opinion.
"

As

culture

and

next

this

passage
Translator.

sentence

book
has

is

will
not

;
a

be

been

PSYCHOLOGY

DREAM

76
there

others

are

which

of the narrowest
individual

an

claim

whose
the

has

built

replacement

be

can

at

recognized by

to

the

obscurest

to

The

power

forms

reach

appear

and

of

into universal

founder

use

be

about

technique

use

an

of

of

what

element

boKcally or

ancient

is

dream

only help
content,

is

The
us

one

and

that

pro-

guage
(the "Lan-

his

the

impressions
the whole

variations
knows

never

is to

be

in the
whether

understood

meaning;

certainlynot

to

of

the
be

sym-

whole

tent
con-

interpreted

dream

symbols

understanding portions of
does

not

of

interpreters. Apart

knowledge
in

brought

once

back

give us

dream

in its proper

symbolically.

dream

would

covered
dis-

independent

us

regarding

general,

in the

at

suppose

make

special

these

symbolism

sjmibols and

of the dream

will

would

and

individual

to

of dream

dreamer

the dream,

from

symbols.
error

times

Recently

out.

sex

Dreams")

questioning the

in both

airship,are

quite an

ences
refer-

image-building.

our

died

not

sexual
earHest

the

to

of

agriculture,as

w^hose

the
as

knowledge
of

depths

has

things,hke

It would

back

buildingsymbols

symbols

of

others

from

speech

common

(those, for instance, arising from

reproduction, seed)

of his

entiated
be differ-

can

once

things in

of sexual

cance
signifi-

out

up

In the first class those

material.

own

individual

render

the

use

the

of the

rules

technical

But

it

previously
be

must

of

just

are

v^ithheld

Dream

that
leads

belong

dream

and

to

us

in

unconscious
work
and

but

work,

matter

dramatization.

in

wit

symbolism
is

for

it

likewise
and

in

bolism
symdoes

But

not

in

folklore.

It
of

furnishes

condensation,

the

must

we

not

dominant

meaning

peculiarity
which

and

dreams

dream;

inner

is

for

Dream

the
is

the

the

of

indispensable

"typical"

but

saga,

thinking,
the

also

productions.

that
dream

beyond

ing
interpret-

insufficient.

themselves."

pursue

these

in

impressions

so-called

dreams,

to

superfluous.

service

proves

far

myth,

compels

are

or

77

all

at

the

"repeat

us

only

legend,

when

the

dreams

given

greatest

symbolism

understanding
the

the

dream

dreamer

DESIRES

DISGUISES

DREAM

result

of
of

probably
to

knowledge
ac-

the

the

our

dream

displacement,

ANALYSIS

DREAM

Perhaps

shall

we

is

interpretation
the

structure

have

thus

far

shall

not,

We

to

The

however,

follow

content

arisen

be

can

We

see

how

has

disagreeable

serves

in

regard

proceed
fact,

in

wish
the

contain

of

the

while

only

in

in

every

the

as

mind

is

not
78

we

as

now

may

are

acts

of

matter

to

wish
in

dreams
the

towards

creative

the

fulfills

time

originates

in

for

assumptions

same

instance

the

case

disagreeable

the

case

disguise

our

They

second

in

place,

of

in

possible

dreams,

at

dream

repelling,

is

able
disagree-

fulfillment

instances,

which

which

but

turn
re-

have

we

with

only

first instance.
that

sense

this

disagreeable

something

instance,

instance,
dream

say:

but

as

the

as

psychic

two

soon

taken

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the

to
to

second
a

content

philosophy.
track,

dreams

that

we

dream-disfigurement.

analyzed

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of

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problem

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our

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DREAM
If

limit ourselves

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understand

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jects,
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than

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of the thesis that

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give a psychoneurotic patientanalytical

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turns

79

consideration

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the

analysis.

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ANALYSIS

are

the

patientswith

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DREAM

80

material

PSYCHOLOGY

which

"You

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tell

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clever

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tell you

dream

which

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DREAM
to

strict diet, and

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husband

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face.^

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tions
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all accept

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ANALYSIS

minded
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DREAM

82

carried

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out

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"I

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ing:
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in-

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obviously inadequate.

patient. I

an

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and

motives, instead

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PSYCHOLOGY

that

see

wish

with

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compelled

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But

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plished.
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unfulfilled

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patient:

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of

you

of

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pa-

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us

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can

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table."

good

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her

her

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you
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thin, and

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friend, of

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lean

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ANALYSIS

DREAM
become

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house

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I
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still

anything
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in

salmon

confirm

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in

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(the

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example

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patient is

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dream

pleasing

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83

sandwiches).

fulfilled
un-

Her

PSYCHOLOGY

DREAM

84

friend, too, had

it would

fatter, and
dreamt

that

fulfilled.
friend's

expressed

the

For

it is her

Instead
of her

one

becomes

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"

is not

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weight

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her

friend,

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friend.
I think

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reality.

hysterical

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terical
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patients are

represent

means

sign

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means

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symptoms

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clear

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identification?

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ties
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hysteric"limitation, the abihty of hys-

subjects to

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im-

ANALYSIS

DREAM
when

press

them

their

pity

psychic

the
is

this

itself

act

will

show.

patient

lodged

in the company

of

room

the
he

morning
has

infection
As

another

an

that
the

psychic

the

to-day:

letter from

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reach

He

simply

her

and

infection.

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return

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self:
to himwise:
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it is known
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ner:
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physician

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it

has

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patientsin

rule, patients know

they are

one

each

other

when

of them
among

have

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rest

of lovesickness
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or

sympathy

is

following syllogism, which

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consciousness, is completed in them:

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aroused, and
not

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process,

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imitations.

proceeds

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is

agine
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in which

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is

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the

they

85

the

DREAJM

86

it is

possibleto

such

causes,

have

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express

itself in

it takes

If this

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not

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attack

an

this kind

reasons."

place

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to

have

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of

refers

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same

capable

but

PSYCHOLOGY

has

remained

in the unconscious.
Identification
sexual

express

with

relations,
same

or

persons

conception into
In

the

hystericalwoman

with

whom

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have

herself.

she has

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consideration:

relations,whether

patient,then, only

to her

processes

jealousy of

herself

admits

herself

in her

to

her
be

place

sively
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had

sexual

or

lovers

two

well

not

follows
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friend

one

they

such

are

"one."

thinks

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she

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in the dream,

as

of

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terical
hys-

gives expression

(which, moreover,

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and

with

takes

Language

hystericalphantasy, as

thought

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it is sufficient for the identification if

sexual

hysteria to

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persons

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ANALYSIS

DREAM

by

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further

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clarifythe

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place

relation

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of her

husband/

her

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her

friend's

female

place

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of dreams

witty

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solved

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her

in the

patient, the

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because

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.

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She

symptom

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simpler

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1

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taken

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tate
es-

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the
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fect
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them

in the

hysteria, which,

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to

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to

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of

summer

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I

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DREAM

88

dream

PSYCHOLOGY

reversed

this

in

the

this

flattest

wish- fulfillment

only
dream

in

to

her

wish

that

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dream

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to

up

must

She

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right.
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in

dream,

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her

by

ness
ill-

her

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was

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wrong,

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sponded
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things,

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liberty of interpreting
case

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heard

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classes

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of mine

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DREAM

ANALYSIS

m
^^

livered

to

of the

dream

home,

dreamt

lawyer

small

that he

and

then

complained

refuge

one's

suits," but I thought

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years

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he not

that

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about

me

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all

win

"If

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can't

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he

"

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on

to

myself:

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Primus

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on

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assemblage,

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while

he

of the class,
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hood
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completely

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disgrace myself?"
In

the

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offered

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contradiction

patient, a

Charles:
still at
who

her

Otto

house.

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of

lying dead

before

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J

and,

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in short, it

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folded:

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night

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me

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much

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know

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DREAJVl

90

am

reallybad enough

only

child

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her

After

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had

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of

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to

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for her sister's

involved.

him; but it
love

was

Her
was

the

to

possible
im-

other

ever
When-

in order.

loved, who

the

patient

our

she did not

her

presented themselves
whom

relations

independent

death,

avoid

foria

motives

by

become

and

culmination

happy

became

But

much

made

It looked

the inclination

she

who

heart.

the

age,

friends

man

loved

turned.

commanded

suitors who

among

little Otto's

now

her

house

she herself

house:

which

for

give her

early

an

in the

was

freeing herself from

friend

at

sister, whose

the

who

after

had

affection

sible.
impos-

which

complete explanation.

man

the

Otto,

than

barely expressed

marriage, but

mean

able to

was

house,
her

these

by

found

never

in

in

rather

dream,

met

to

came

though

as

orphan

lastingimpression upon
time

dream

interpretationwas

the

an

sister,and

older

dead

the

confirm.

her

been

does

reflection

become

girl had

sister to lose the

my

better?"

interpretationof

Having

be

that this

some

made

Or

to

much

so

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left?

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Charles

I like

whom

the

PSYCHOLOGY

member

DREAM

she

was

also seized

the

to

going there,
This

was

the

I could
and

of

any

death

of

little Otto.

"Certainly;

manner

thing

same

the

spend

day

as

at

you

that

are

time.

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of yours

to

to

Your

is

dream

dream

after

the

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be-

more

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sister,the Professor

would

offer

dream
him

see

condolence, and

the

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fightinginwardly.
ticket for

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under

carrying the

terpret
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would

with

him

see

this wish

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in order

surely come
would

the

also

was

the concert

which

interpretedthe

and

happened

coffin of little Otto."

expected.

the

time

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sight of

answered

long absence, and

the
had

had

She

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91

literaryprofession,announced

of the

ANALYSIS

that

you

in your

impatience; it has

are

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antici-

PSYCHOLOGY

DREAM

92

the

pated
several
In

order

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that

to

different

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dream

quahties

her

to

second,

in the

her

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her

fifteen-year-olddaughter lying

her

in

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of

detail

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supper.

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into

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occurred
like

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box

dream.^
to

smoked

her
salmon

lady

strongly

must

lead
the

that
in

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wit

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the

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fore
be-

inclined

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the

suspected
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of

course

dream

was

dead

herself

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that

objection to

an

wish- fulfillment, but

conception

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box.

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quick

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patient,who
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actual

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years

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longer dream,

theory

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long

so

this

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affection

with

convert

filled

dearly loved

found

female

are

so

in the

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earlier

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of another

cheerful

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explanation was

distinguishedin

these

that

obviously

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had

she
copied faithfully,

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situation

love

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situation

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it is very

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disguise her

situation

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deferred

ANALYSIS

DREAM

fore, the conversation

the

upon

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components
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explanation

picture of
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she

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denied

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the

fit of

child was,

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husband

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with

fulfillment

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nant,
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its birth; in

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of

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young

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violent

struck

even

in

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longer

no

many

to

memory

genital organ.

mother.

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German

the

child in the box

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of the

womb

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that

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on

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notions

child

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to

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box,

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ous
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such

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dream

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the

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word

English

translations

to

of

93

years,

and

of the wish
an

interval.

PSYCHOLOGY

DREAM

94

For

there

The

had

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of dreams

group

changes

many

to which

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the two

relatives, will be considered

head

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show

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crime

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patient,

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my

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course

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agent of the police,

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preted
inter-

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acquaintance.

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lady

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the

indebted,

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house

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possibly suppose

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closed

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in

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dreams

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tioned
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ANALYSIS

DREAM
did

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must

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rather

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not

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coitus?'

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did

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had

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few

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case."

the

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the

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sistency
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portions

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night, and

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were

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not

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were

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times

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dream

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child?"

very

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precaution to

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morning

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means

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you

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in

what

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woman

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dream."

the

spent the night,not

awoke

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be-

that; it is

have

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to

evening

interpretationof

the

at the house

me.

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on

tell you

not

"But

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at

95

subsequently

interpretation. Cf. below,

fitted
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in dreams.

DREAM

96

after
a

the

foetus is formed
with

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children

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I had

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And

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take

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in

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essence

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development

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another

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tion
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cause

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etiologyof anxiety neuroses,

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than

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of

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house

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from

the

same

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walk

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the soul

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only

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nection
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foetus, since the concept of

happened

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In

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puts infanticide
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every

semen

of time

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the moment

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PSYCHOLOGY

as

of the

one

of

you

neurotic

this that if after

mentioned

mood, which

composition

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you
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DREAIM
dream.

You

of mind

to

the

also make
conceal

mention

females,

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of

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of income

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declarations

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fine.

day

commission

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had

of his income, which

he had

long

discovered."

be

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hastened

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acquaintance

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had

applying

subject.

another

ing
carry-

painful to you."

was

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dream

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ing
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with

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physician,who

young

do

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ago.

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this crime, which

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infanticide

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occur

97

of this

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to

ANALYSIS

him

dreamt

meeting
all

that

tested,
passed uncon-

general

punished with

picion,
sus-

heavy

poorly-concealedfulfillment

DREAJVI

98

of the wish

PSYCHOLOGY
known

to be

income.

It likewise

girl who

was

was

The

of

strike me!"

Her

that she takes

wish

with

sort, which

theory,in
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is

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and
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flatlyto

contain

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decidedlyunwished

occurrence

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seem

they

would

matrimony,

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suitor

who

wish

married

bargain the

is predictedfor her, and

this

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"I

be

to

is said to be connected

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physicianwith

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advised

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few
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thus

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treatment

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DREAM

merely

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99

fulfill the wish

to

The

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ANALYSIS

of

purpose

remain

justify this
purpose

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ill.
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is

so

DREAM

100

PSYCHOLOGY

clear

that

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brother

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years

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he

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young

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conversion

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ANALYSIS

DREAM
all the

for

which

torments

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101

suffered

has

at

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of

matter

disagreeablesensation

The

arouse

seem

sl

fulfilF^

the

as

"

with

interpretationone

subjects of

upon
or

it

of

course

antipathj^which
"

will

be raised

dreams

even

analyzed

be

to

are

that

examples

and

objectioncan

further

wishes.

that

discussion

credible

seem

content

of

ments

above

the

no

are

is

distorted, and

disguised until

other

will to suppress,

reason

than

exists in rela-

DREAM

102

tion to the

subject-matter of

the

to

PSYCHOLOGY

wish

which

disfigurement,then,
of

the

everj^thing which
dreams

has

formula

as

brought
follows:

fulfillmentof
Now
dreams

with

painful content,
of which

their

case

of

If
we

under

the

of

may

justifiedby

the

by
phobia is justified
For

depends.
to fall out

exercised

of
when

why

phobia

is

so

content

and

window,

the

than

is

near

that
a

anxiety

great, and

why

window,
in

is

the

the

it follows

dream

more

no

fear
the

care

but

eral.
gen-

analysis,

that it is
some

in

content.

to

which

it is true

new

the

dream

fear

the idea upon

example,

one

dream

the

dream

in very

anxiety in

the

question

of the dream

content

But

is not

experience in

we

that

it is

will

wishing

reveal

neurotic

understanding

aware

of

anxiety,

uninitiated.

problem;

which

of

anxiety dreams

they

dream

subject the

become

{disguised)

dreams

only seemingly explained by

we

our

particularspeciesof

dreams

with

for what

fear

The

as

problem

aspect of the

reword

we

is the

dream

still remain

order

disagreeable

of

if

act

an

{suppressed,repressed) wish.

settle the

short

is

The

least acceptance

can

light

be

consideration

into

analysis
to

Dream

reahty to

take

there

the inclusion
find

the

in relation

or

creates.

in

out

shall

We

censor.

dream

dream

the

turns

the

in

phobia
possible
must

be

plicable
it is inex-

corresponding
its victims

to

DREAM

extent

an

ANALYSIS

much

so

103

is warranted

than

greater

by

its

origin.

The

pHes

the

to

phobia

In

anxiety.

explanation,

same

both

and
On

refer

to

me

fear
to

has

its

origin

libido

object

sexual

See

translated

Monograph

Selected

by

Papers
A.

Series.

A.

Brill,

it

since

of

may

belonging

Hysteria
Jov/rnal

neurotic

corresponds
from

being
proved

its validity

dreams
to

its

applied.

deduce

anxiety

"The

on

away

in

fear

obliges

that

life, and

we

dream

essay

turned

has

into

on

little

succeeded

libido

transformed

been

has

been

content

the

nature,

of

ficially
super-

former

the

sexual

clearly,

the

only

of

maintained

which

more

that

the

not

formula,
and

of
In

has

has

and

more

in

which

this

From

Neurosis,"

Anxiety

dream

accompanies

relation

latter.

the

to

ap-

source.

discussion

fear,

is

which

intimate

the

the

to

anxiety

idea

another
of

account

neurotic

to

the

to

from

comes

the

cases

attached

also

apphes

which

then,

which

the
is

clusion
con-

of

content

fear.

and

of

other
Nervous

Psychoneuroses,
and

Mental

p.

133,

Diseases,

V
SEX

The

more

the

dreams,

is

one

wishes.

satisfied with
for

example,

Let

wondered

"

at, but

wM^ the fundamental

n^non.No other
impulse

other

in its

impulse

have

in

impulse

such

dreams.

In

of sexual

complexes

dream

sexual

on

who

so

which

is

(as,

dreams)
to

be

complete harmony
expla-

of dream

had

to

undergo

of childhood

and

many

act

now
as

manner

to

as

from
such
in

so

the
no

tense
inthe

produce

this significance
interpretation,
must
104

""

form

content

components,

survived

state

has

the time

numerous

sleeping

manifest

it is in

wishes,

unconscious

the person

assumptions

suppressionfrom

much
sex

that

tic
ero-

their manifest

that this fact is not

once

knowledge
ac-

of adults

thoughts,can

in his works
at

from

never

registeringthe

recognize

us

of

to

give expressionto

forward

subject

Nacke

become

the dreams

latent dream

this

solution

reallyanalyzes dreams,,

pushes

to the

opinion on

who

one

that is to say, who

an

and

the

must

majority of

material

Only

content

with

willing one

more

of sexual

DREAMS

occupied

that the
treat

IN

never

be

forgotten,nor

SEX

they, of

must

being

of

Of

IN
be

course,

it

dreams

exaggerated

bisexually,inasmuch

that

the

to

normal
But

sexual

bisexually,seems
demonstrable
like to

not

how

dreams

sense

erotic

"

Likewise

every

dream
that

(Stekel), and

line"
what
We

(Adler),

many

would

by

erotic
of

means

dreams
never

know

the

assertions
death

dream
the

proceed

elsewhere

innocent

numerous

appear

suspected of

masculine
far

beyond

dreams.

that

might

dreams

confirm

examples.

indifferent, and
any

"a

body
invariably em-

we

fresh

tence"
sen-

shows

interpretationof

asserted

are

hunger, thirst,

to

wishes, and

which
be

to

me

not

in the widest

"

finds

every

shoula

there

that

similar

feminine

conspicuously

coarse

this

in the

already

have
are

to

seem

is admissible

which

the

from

in-/

which

fact

the
one

son.
per-

interpreted^

all I should

of

"that

continuation

be

dreams

"c.

common

are

generalizationas

apparent

as

realize homosexual

to

than

needs,

taken

be

dreaming

improbable,

the

ful
care-

the

satisfyingother

convenience,
behind

Above

support.

they

are

to be

me

it is

dispose of

to

many

to
as

point

irrefutable

an

is,feelingsthat

activityof

by
to

even

Which

all dreams

that

are

result in

they

as

secondary interpretationin
"

the

to

be ascertained

can

interpretationthat they

feelings

105

exclusive.

considered

many

DREAMS

But
which

particularsignifi-

DREAJM

106

be traced

can

cance,

sexual

unexpected
a

PSYCHOLOGY

which
wish-feelings,

nature.

For

wish

in the

sexual

been

interpretationhad
relates

Between

house,
closed.
street

and

of

bohsm,

of
the two
narrow

will

doors

tle
litare

along

the

the interior

easilyinto

obliquelyupw-ards.
the translating

experience in

narrow

to

in this dream

to

interpretationthat

from

detention

wife

the

for

that

such
on

the

the household

pleased him,
she would

and

who

not

be

had

in

which
an

body)

dreamer

is

responsiblefor

previous day

given

quires
re-

reality it is only

Moreover,

attempt.

of the

The
.

vagina ; the

of the

the wife

(between

the

course

sym-

tation,
represen-

behind

from

coition

opening

sexual

the commonest

easilyfind

attributed

and

spaces,

is of

inquiry shows

that

dreamer

pushes in the door,

slantingpassage

entei-ed

The

little way

of the female

consideration

had

into

attempted

the

pect
sus-

until the

whose

statelybuttocks

assistance

the

had

doors, belong
and

would

an

will, of oour'se, immediately perceive

penetrating

locked

me

slants

has

of

statelypalaces stands

two

that

who

one

of dreams
that

out?

littlehouse, and

courtyard

Any

worked

slip quickly and

who

following dream

wife leads

to the

up

often

are

example,

receding somewhat,

My

then
a

takably
back, after analysis,to unmis-

who

dreamer
him

the

girl

young

had

impression

altogetheropposed

to

an

ap-

SEX
of this sort.

proach
Hradschin

in

girlwho
If

is

with

of the

Prague,
native

one's

"

such

that

dreamed

are

the

There

indifferent

emphasis

"I have

been

always
be

indeed

localitythat

which

are

spaces

or

fancies
in the

is

there
the

number

with

concerned
with

can

alysis
an-

"

the

assure

with

frequent than

open

laid upon

been

the

this

In

such

localities
:

assurance

ity
the local-

case

of the mother

certainty of

;
no

it

can

other

before."

there

dreams,

often

full of

fear,

passing thi'ough narrow

with

staying in

womb,

the

intercourse

the water,

are

abou,t the embryonic life,about

mother's

other
an-

has

content

same

landscapes and

before."

of

of

always

"has

wards,
after-

patient,and

of sexual
more

cannot

which

dream,

dream.

genitalorgan

one

intercourse
"I

of this

dream

about

asserted

large

the

effect.

dreams

sexual

frequency

recollection

arises the

great deal

same

are

the

Immediately

Oedipus

in which

is

city.

dream."

the

to the

points again

having

that veiled dreams

to

thus

the

of

answer:

it to be

the mother
ones

and

repeatedlyby

is,another

reader

I get the

disguised and

shows

between

reminiscence

from

of

"

however, there

been

little house

of that

dream

mother

remember

107

patients I emphasize

my

Oedipus

with

The

is taken

palaces

two

DREAMS

IX

and

about

the

based
the
act

upon

sojourn
of birth.

DREAM

108

PSYCHOLOGY

following is

The
his

has

fancy

is in

in the

as

composes

and

hand

which

the

by

clods

then

He

and
.

he

is

devoted
which

in

which
course

At

is
was

the

him

think

turned

an

then

he
at

The

space.

being thoroughly

is

the

delightfulair,
the bluish-

primary school opened

sexual

much

so

attention

is

feelings of the child,

of me"
of

extraordinary

to

sees

immediately

empty

pretty water-dream

female

patient,
in the

account

of treatment.
her

summer

is

at the

resort

herselfinto the dark

moon

of

pleasant impression.

and

work, and

surprised that

it to

makes

Here

sees

is

and

of hard
make

and

on

idea

of earth

goes

the

fieldwhich

firsthe

At

implement,

an

accompanying

black

act

an

upon

this window,

fillsout

picture represents
harrowed

vantage
ad-

mhicli there is a window,

picture into it, which

in

taken

embryo

spy

Tunnel,

Semmering

landscape through

empty

to

who

man

young

his parents.

deep shaft,in

in

opportunity

between

"He

of

while

already

of his
coition

the dream

water

reflectedin the

at

Lake, she hurls

place where

the

pale

water.
;

their

interpretationis accomplished by reversing the

fact

Dreams

reported
of

of this sort

in the

are

manifest

"throwing

one's

parturitiondreams

dream

content;

stead
thus, in-

self into the water," read

SEX

"coming
The

The

pale

(Popo)

it

of the

patient'swishing
I asked

resort?
without
made

me

this

at

though I

as

perhaps

it also

the wish

to

Another

become

I take
stood
seemed

to he

his head

The
1

It is

hohhing

of

only

late

that

and

unconscious

contain

the

explanation

for

being
the

buried
belief

projection
act

the

into

of birth,
sov/rce

and

alive,
in

visit her

of

E.

the

have

to

of

the

well

as

life

after

future
is

of

of
the

the

as

the

death
this

there;
to

she

the

crowded
value

to

life
fear

in

felt

profoundest
which

of fear.

^'She

This
could

the

life

he

only

surface.
hall

the

of

significance of

the

by

who

hoy,

so

womb.

They
people

many

unconscious

represents

mysterious

tation,
interpre-

water.

first experience with

emotion

cure

Jones.

near

about

curious

its

down

learned

thoughts

moreover,

model

and

up

the

allusion

small

him, and

changed

fancies

of

the

hers, wading into the

then

scene

continue

watching

covered

swered
an-

herself.^

work

the

she

Thus

parturition,with

seashore

till the water

did
see

from

the

at

of

mer
sum-

treatment

bashful

very

ing
mean-

at her

the

is, to

mother

dream

the

place

again?"

to

that

contains

the

this, and

born

resort,

summer

be born

to

invitation

an

"bottom"

be

can

"Hasn't

were

*'la lune."

white

the dreamer

hesitation:

becomes

dream

what

if

recognized

recognizesas

Now

came.

is

the

soon

is, "being born."

of the French

becomes

the child

which

109

is born

one

sense

thus

moon

which

from

which

of the bad

thinks

DREAMS

water," that

the

from

place

one

of

out

IN

reason

but

nothing

before

fear,

birth.
and

is

The

thus
.1

DREAM

110

hotel.

Her

husband
with'

conversation

of the dream

was

dreams

as

strangerf'

The

half

mythology,
is

waters

Bacchus

The

bobbing

and

up

recalled
she

had

reverie

in which

and

phantasy.
child

in her

him

herself

dressing him,

into

the

of

of

this.

ening
quick-

pregnancy.

water

induced

taking him

out

of

washing

nursery,

installinghim

and

tortion
dis-

in the water

only

boy going into the

carrying

from

among

illustrations
of the head

saw

In

Osiris, Moses,

patientthe sensation

she

tioned
men-

presented by

of Adonis,

experienced

of the

him

brother

deliveryof

commonly

down

to the

Thinking

water,

behind

person,

first part of the

birth

well-known

are

sent
repre-

entering

the entry of the child into water;

and

the

the

X.'s

The

the

others, the births

once

and

Mr.

di*eam.

second

analysisto

third

fairly evident

uterine

many

in the

husband,

her

former

in

as

into

relations with

dream

at

she 'entered

plainlyindicated

was

in

the

left her, and

discovered

was

intimate

whom

flightfrom

into

PSYCHOLOGY

in

her

household.
The

second

half

dream,

of the

thoughts concerning
to the first half

the

the

the

of the

elopement, which

underlying

first half of the dream

second

phantasy.

half

of

Besides

the

therefore, represents

latent

this inversion

latent

corresponded
content,

the

longed
betent;
con-

with
birth

in order, further

SEX
took

inversion's

his

then

in

place

first half

the

In

head

DREAMS

IN

the

left the water

second

half

of

of

left

confinement.

the

From

house
into

the

She

liquor)

immediately

is related

into

to whom

dreamer,

ham
Abra-

by

forward

to

the

in

place

dressed

resembles
the

she has

in

floor
rectly
di-

amniotic

ish
brown-

brother

always

there

This

seal.

younger

her

leads

canal

creature

almost

changes

dream

trap in the floor,and

appears

fur, which

the

her; in the

(parturitionpath,

water

lifts up

the

In

subterranean

then

inversion).

looking

woman

young

and

dream

husband.

left her

parturitiondream

Another

first

husband

her

she

thoughts

double

(a

and

water,

underlying

thoughts first the quickening occurred,

child

dream.

the

the

entered

in

bobbed;

of

half

each

child

the

ill

ture
crea-

of

the

in maternal

stood

relationship.
Dreams
tion

is

To

this

woman;

is

afraid
even

and

the

connected

especiallyto

sense

birth

is,however,

same

with

parturithd

from

save

dreamed

when

when

modified

man.

burglars at night, and

Robbers,
are

save,

are

equivalent to giving

the dreamer

we

"saving"

dreams.

water,

by

of

"

before
disturb
childish

going
our

to

ghosts,of which

bed, and

which

sleep,originatein

reminiscence.

They

are

casionally
oc-

one

the

PSYCHOLOGY

DREAM

112

nightly visitors
it

who

the chamber

on

lifted the

have
child

is

been

able

anxiety

visitor

The

ghosts

feminine
When

of

use

which

white

become

there

for

is

one

tempted

according to
it may

the

to

belong peculiarly to

it is to

the

folklore, in
of

the

be

not

many

current

ther,
fa-

the

compile

dream,

the

witticisms

bols
sym-

tablished
firmly es-

new

dream-book

In this connection

the

in

the

signs in stenography;

this

the

to

dant
abun-

of these

for all with

that

found

speech, in

the

the

with

symbolism
but

thinking,particularlythat
and

these

naturally raises

cipher method.

remarked

be

the

representation of

the

one

are

like
significance
and

of

always

familiar

and

once

appear

I have
of

some

were

the

night-gowns.

in dreams,

question whether

recollection

or

probably corresponded

symbolism

material

sleeping.

anatysis of

more

has

one

clearlyhow

see

exact

robbers

with

persons

to

the bed,

wet

not

while

an

in the

dreams.

the

sexual

its hands

induce

to

it may

in order

cover

holding

nocturnal

that

so

the child to set

awakened

have

greater

does

rather

not

to

conscious
un-

of the masses,

perfection

mji:hs, legends, and

ners
man-

proverbial sayings, and

of

nation

than

in

in

in
its

dreams.
The

order

dream
to

takes

advantage

of this

symbolism

in

give a disguisedrepresentationto its latent

SEX

IN

thoughts. Among

the

this

there

manner

almost

or

in the

the

right to

time

(King

the

to the

and

whatever

and

as

Queen)

in most

prince or

to

erection!

the

I may
and

for the

rubbing

part.

The

press
Em-

reallyrepresent
dreamer

the

self
himgated
elon-

princess. (All

and

umbrellas

and

might

and

be

sharp

intended

frequent, not

same

is

nail-file

scraping?)

Little

boxes, caskets, closets, and

female

symbols

sexual

cases

member.

symbol
intelligible,
of the

way.

pikes, are

account

to

in that

stretching-up which

the

represent the male

cases,

its real

bol,
sym-

knives, daggers, and

an

terpret
in-

sexual

elongated

to

for himself

following: .Emperor

is the

of

be

to

all

compared

(on

then

reservations

parents of the dreamer;

o(on account

very

and

owing

create

objects, sticks, tree-trunks,

to

curious

dreamer,

ordinarilyused

limitations

herself

weapons,

the

time.

every

call attention

or

thing.

have

may

frequently used

most

these

the

Now

in

larly,
regu-

same

in mind

content

it is not

unambiguous
After

the

material.

anything

use

the

are

which

many

of recollections,may

though
Nor

dream

another

at

peculiarset

keep

to

used

are

symbolically,but according to

not

meaning;

course

which

regularly,mean

plasticityof psychic
symbol

113

symbols
of

are

it is necessary

Only

DREAMS

stoves

symbolism

correspond
of

lock

and

DREAM

114

has

key

been

PSYCHOLOGY

gracefullyemployed by Uhland

very

in his song

about

smuttj^ joke.

common

through

of

row

the "Grafen

Staircases, ladders, and

these, either

on

The

is

rooms

which

upon

under

and

probably repeat

of the
their

walls
is

are

holding

house.

perhaps

set

account

on

with

away

firmly

on

Tables,

{mensa

former

are

often

and

far

as

complex

is

in
to

of

et

for
cravats

of
the

men

down

as

one

the

and

"bed

marriage,

male

is not
are

the

dream,

presentation
Of

frequentty be
genital.

finds the cravat

long, and

does

eating complex.
hat may

indeed

women,

are

Since

constitute

the

to

often

penis; this

hang

boards

contours.

the woman's

one

anxiety

opposition which

the

definitelyinterpreted
dreams

of

practicablethe sexual

articles of dress

"Smooth"

put for the latter in the

transposed

niscences
remi-

projection from

some

ihorus)

man
hu-

erect

of little children

dream

of houses

frequently

the

to

bolic
sym-

Smooth

act.

parents.

tables, and

bodily

the

board"

as

foster

or

Often

men.

dream.

in the dream

climbing

upward

parents

walking

are

down,

great anxiety, correspond

body,

on

sexual

the

lettingoneself

is

one

downwards,

or

climbing, f a9ades

is

one

of
harem

or

make

to

flightsof stairs,or climbing

upwards

which

over

dream

brothel

representations of
walls

Eberstein,"

as

In

bol
sym-

only because

characteristic

of

the

but

man,

IN

also

because

one

which

is

pleasure,a freedom

of this

use

the

originalof

in the

with

are

dream

tireless

as

the

scapes

in dreams,

descriptions of

of

habit

of

play

with

the

number

of

verified

are

as

dream's
other

is

symbols,

in

and

recent

bol
sym-

the

beat

part
who

in

flying
its

little

is

one

onanism.

not

sufficiently

illustrates

an

lation
re-

its form.

left,according

in the dream

genital

justifiedby

to

or

are

their

very

dream

women

to

representation of

Right

the

occasionallyby

given by Stekel,

be conceived

think

having

be mentioned

little child

examples.
to

As

in

as

one

may

and

men

of which
well

one

with

or

where

of components

genitalmay

flying as

to

as

land-

many

bridges

also

tion
descrip-

itself to be

shows

fondly referring

utilization

the

readily recognized

their "little one."

as

machine,

are

up

collections

apparatus

genitals. Finally

made

of the male

with

and

Likewise

be

can

gant
extrava-

very

regular

wit.

signify the genitals,as

the

often

are

significance. Children

often

To

dream

especiallywith

the

combinations

organ

make

incomprehensible neologisms

sexual

in

who

Persons

symbolism

mountains,

finds

nature

possess

activityof

at

prohibited by

probably genitals,in

very

of which

wooded

select them

complicated machines

All

in dream

and

115

can

symbol.

in the

symbol
cravats,

of them.

DREAJVIS

SEX

to

ethical

them

him,
sense.

DREAM

116

"The

PSYCHOLOGY

right way
the

the
always signifies

left the

signifyhomosexuality, incest, and

may
while

the

right signifies
marriage,

"c.
prostitute,

The

the individual

by

moral

Relatives

in the

genitals.

Not

is

Stekel

interpretedby

difference

come

up

to

wliich

one

travels

is

oppressed.
in the

occur

Also

dream,

but

the

to

by

which

these

of

nor

which

Traumes,
of the most
which

is to

bisexually used.
(if in

which
may

and

not

the

be

any

used

feminine

parentheses

takes

that
He
way

to

which

one

fixed

In

cases

can

recently

Sprache

des

utilize,there is a list

states:

symbols

"Is

there

permitted by

simultaneously

away

with

frequently

individual

all sexual

sense!"

to

symbols, the object of

sexual

common

prove

unable

was

able

be

general validity,

Stekel, Die

W.

by

wagon

seem
interpretations

interpretationin

book

Stekel

generally be recognized as probable.

published

of

role

Baggage

assigned by

are

verified
sufficiently

although

not

of sin

numbers,

the

with

age.

is the burden

symbolicalmeaning,
neither

in

the dreamer."

up

regret

as

with

determined

always

catch

to

left

perversion,

generally play

be able

the

relations

view-point of

dream

to

is

meaning

eousness
right-

to

Thus

crime.

to

one

road

To
much

of this assertion, for this is not

be

the

in the
sure

can

be

symbol

phantasy)
masculine

the clause

in

of

the

absoluteness

at

all

permitted by

SEX
the

that

state

to

which

just

are

female

male

still others

are

the

female

indeed

as

It is true

difference

the

These

I shall
of

such

show
dream

how

add

few

without

to

and

how

symbol

sexual

both

and

of the

which

it becomes
account

sexes.

suffice

may

careful

more

examples

into

the

hood
trend, for in child-

in dreams,

taking

and

genitalsis unknown,

make

impossible

cases.

the

attributed

to

symbolisms

of dreams,
in many

archaic

an

in the

others

now

of

genitals,is

incomplete suggestions

very

stimulate

male

of the dream

utilize

to

genitalsare

same

To

objects (chests,

of the

tendency

fancy

bisexually betrays
a

the

only

by the fancy.

that the

unconscious

the

of

symbols

as

weapons

symbols

allowed

not

of which

hollow

genitals, or

pouches, "c.),

preponder-

is known.
signification

female

only the

or

which

for the

as

exclusively,designate one

there

eral
gen-

symbols,

those

others

are

long, firm objects and

use

to

Besides

frequent for the male

as

almost

and

sexes,

it superfluous

recognitionof

to the

give way

to

genitals,there

ately,or

think

experience Stekel's

manifoldness.

greater

117

not, however,
in my

has

statement
a

I do

phantasy.

DREAMS

IN

application

will
to

the

tion.
collec-

serve

to

interpret a
symbolism

imperatively it obtrudes

itself

DREAM

118

The

1.

hat

of

who
fear

"I

as

of

hat

which

is bent

hang

downwards

of

think

said

middle

side

just
lead

from

hat

is

pieces of

that
in

of

young

of

which

structed
ob-

is lower

confidential
officers I

have

can

here

one

and

such

really

piece and

signs
de-

any

male

the two

details

of the two

to

that

is, she

in the

would

would

This

last

company

the

equal
un-

though
pieces,altions
determina-

interpretation. I

the

not

have

have

with

man

fear the

to

to

wish

going

out
with-

nothing

them, for she is mainly kept from

protectionand

downward

side

by saying that if she only had

genital she

genital,

concerning

individualities
way

the hat,

to

intentionally refrained

hanging

the

virile
"

side

wear

piece

associations

no

pieces."

downward

officers

middle

of you

interpretingthose

the

troop

produce

its raised

continued

the

cheerful

None

"The

from

account

on

in summer,

fashion

pass

her:

to

hanging

such

am

young

me."

she could

As

with

as

upon

male

and

in such

myself:

to

(the descriptionbecame

the other.
and

of

agoraphobia

in the street

upwards

(of the

man

the dream

peculiar shape,

and

mood,

from

temptation)

walking

am

of the

symbol

suffered

straw

than

(a fragment from

genital):
woman

PSYCHOLOGY

by heir fancies of temptation.

explanation of

her

fear

I had

al-

SEX

ready been

the

allow
She

myself

ask

testicles

it

lower

of the

hat

familiar

this dream.
I believe

not

what

misled, and
while, and
that

was

than
all

in

same

to

From

of

that the hat

but

it.

age
cour-

whether

this the
the

it

peculiar
whole

hat

The

the

to

husband's

her

terpret
in-

symbol

patient related

less transparent

also be taken

may

the

other, and

before

other

heard

had

explained, and

long

me

downwards.

found

then

accepted by her.

said

persisted in

With

scripti
de-

have

to

one

the

men.

was

was

was

her

withdrew

hanging

of

sure

be

to

why

was

the

detail

too

behaved

dreamer

claimed

pieces were

quiet for

to

the

how

hat, and

side

two

was

was

the

however,

was,

basis

the

repeatedly on

interpretation. She

this

of
that

her

quite remarkable

It is
after

give

to

119

material.

other

of

able

DREAMS

IN

as

cases

female

genital.
2.
as

The

little

one

as

symbol of sexual

of the

same

the

genital
"

be

to

over

run

(another

intercourse

dream

agoraphobic patient)
.

*'Her
that
to

mother

she must

the

(From

go

railroad
upon

being

sends

run

the
over.

this she

alone.
and

sees

tracks,
She

her

away

little

She

rides with

her

little

so

that

hears

her

cannot

bones

experiences a feelingof

so

mother

walking

one

she

the

daughter

rectly
di-

avoid
crackle.

discomfort

DREAM

120

but

no

the

car

real

window

to

an

then

little

to

one

and

with

the

the necessary
the

allusion

an

is to be

from

away

railroad

this

therefore, appears
which

during

thought
to

to think

referred

the

the

one

her

different

bouquet

The

the

can

would

be

Here

the

which
her

to the

of flowers
her

mother,

of her love affairs,

this

"She
seen

strict

The
then

next

looks

behind."

In

naturallybe compelled
daughter

thought, however,

direction.

for

because

sentence:

of the parts of the little

up.

that

physician came

disturber

parts

get

prove

took

daughter's girlhood.

to

fa9ade

ground

quite

the

homage.

to

to

mother

Her

actually played by

her

whether

see

the dream

and

role

is the

woman

as-

nection
con-

sanatorium

felt uncomfortable

this

witnessed

mother

only in
easy

terpreta
in-

cycle

superintendent of

handed

and

leaving; she

on

the

place,and

station

part of

it is not

from

in love.

naturally was

complete

as
interpretedhistorically

departure

for

Analysis.

patient at first finds

diseases, with

nervous

she

to

alone."

isolated
sufficiently

The

journey

railroad

For

be

cannot

mother

fullyunderstood

material

symbolism.

her

It forms

others.

through

out

parts

give here

to

be

can

the

out

go

of the dream.
of dreams,

looks

reproaches

matter

easy

then

whether

see

She

allowing the
It is not

She

horror.)

behind.

seen

PSYCHOLOGY

She

recalls

run

turns

that

over

in
she

her

saw

once

behind

IN

father

in the

she then
and

be

can

interpretationthat
little

(she

one

genital.

own

her

she

She

one

so

that

alone

going
and

no

and

this

refer

the

for wanting

genital,and

sends

her

In

to

no

man

together),

go

all her

to

girl on

tle
lit-

phantasy

have

According
as

tence
sen-

her

away

mother, because

she

account

showed

father.

has

female

been

noted

as

symbol

genitalsby Stekel,

in this connection

to

very

who

for
can

widespread usage

language.
The

deeper interpretationof
another

upon

dreamer
was

or

her

introductory

(coire
like.

her

her

"little one"

the male

the

really suffered

she

the

genital,her

no

to
signifies

street

not

preference for
The

of

does

she

not.
can-

offers

mother

alone.

go

relations

jealousy of

of the
a

the

on

in

the mother

she must

sexual

statements

genitals
they

woman

had

she

though

dream

entiation,
differ-

four-year-olddaughter)

recognizes this reproach

of the

the

is the

one

from

sex

herself

reproaches her

as

the

man

now

little

the

has

live

to

in the

behind, but in the

this connection

In

naked

bath-room

that

asserts

121

talk about

begins to

from

seen

DREAMS

SEX

should

identifies

"tomboy,"
have

of the

dream

been

herself

and

with

depends

night iriwhich
her

brother.

always being told that

was

born

same

this dream

boy.

This

the
She
she

identification

DREAM

122

brother

with

the

"the

little one"

threatened

only

be

with

the

shows

PSYCHOLOGY
shows

as

parts, and
she herself

her

of this second

from

retained

now

An

dream.

anecdote

"Was

early knowledge

The

sending

the second

having

That

"being
would

the

confirmed

once

boy

asks

the

girl:

girlrephed, '''No,it's

Representation of

shafts.

father

ened
to the threatmother

her

blames

symbolizes sexual

evident

be

genital,

boy.

over"

run

of it from

stairways,and

she

Finally
born

of the

also refers

therefore

not

sure

by

the

I had

After

castration.

of the littleone,

been

for not

3.

dream

nate
theory that girlsorigi-

in which

castration.

not

have

assertions

Moreover
sexual

away

in the first dream

were

of

so."

been

always

the

to

off?" to which

it cut

child,

in memory

according

boys through

an

as

only

told her of this childish belief,she at

it with

playing

she later lost she must

time

the infantile

points to

masturbated

brother.

acquired at that

could

identification,therefore,

had

genital which

mother

for

punishment

the

this fact she

the male

The

that

castration, which

with

(her)

understood

concerning

special clearness

the genital.
signifies

him

that

though

with

other

many

the

complex.)

of

we

sources.

genitalby

(Dream

if

this dream

from

course
inter-

structures,

young

man

hibited
in-

SEX
"He

is

which
be

taking

balloon, however,
asks

him

in which

court

wants

looks

to

around

to the

further
this court
walls
a

of which

leather

there

is

he

much

stairway

ther
fa-

into

come

His

of tin.

is

needs

then

as
difficulty

His

ther
fa-

leads

He

do

speak

is to

take without

can

he

as

first

watching.

to

wants

any

From

to.

into

down

the

surprised at

They

one

all he

and

ture
struc-

big piece of this, but

if any

that

may

captive balloon;

large sheet

see

watchman,

place

front

quite collapsed.

pull off

tells his father

small

to his father.

lies

to

is

this is all for; he is

it,but he explains it
a

there

seems

what

in

Prater, for the Rotunda

is attached

which

123

his father

with

of which

in front
to

DREAMS

walk

surely the

is

seen

IN

shaft, the

softly upholstered something like

are

the

At

pocketbook.

longer platform, and

end

then

of

this

shaft

new

shaft
gins.
be-

."
.

This

Analysis.
which

point

of

is not

view.

that

This

dream

in front
I have

he
he

to

from

they

worried.

type of patient

therapeutic

up

to

almost

certain

analyzed
my

accessi
inself.
him-

genital,the

penis,about
We

almost

reman

said, "is

is my

out
analysis with-

in the

whatever

point on

Rotunda,"

captiveballoon
of which

follow

resistances

from

"The

belongs

favorable

They

offeringany
point,but

dream

must,

ness
the weak-

however,

DREAM

124

PSYCHOLOGY

interpretin greater
which
the

is

In

and
evident

that

that

taken

dream

follows:

The

"If

we

wish,

I had

shall

side

only
The

however,

the

business, and

above

dream

would

be:

"He

would

his customers."

have
For

conditionally,

is

father

for

of

this

spread

place

of business.

inserted

verbal

had

tin

pression
ex-

entered

terrible dislike
which

continuation

only asked

deceived
the

the

out,
deals, with-

in the

taken

had

is

out

the first instance,

dreamer

the

thought ("if I

the

place.

questionable practices upon

Hence

conceive

the father

The

As
has

my

I have

had

turned

continuation

in which

dream.

mainly depends.

he does

it

asked

his father's

quite

father

the

must

changing anything

of the
his father's

of

symbolicallyin

material

be

pose
pur-

questioner.

take

or

discretionaryreasons

for another

the

the tin sheet

originatesfrom

For

It is

find in another

soon

in which

court

genitals.
should

the

what

the

reahty, we

to be conceived

but

to

as

in

him

about

be

the

asks

him

affairs

should

enlightenment."

thought

not

he

place

thought

sexual

of

this state

questioning on

never

of the

is

structure

his father

is,he asks

that

"

is the buttock
the child with

by

front

dream

arrangement

around, and
such

smaller

the

this is all for

as

regularly associated

genital, the

scrotum.

detail ; the Rotunda

me

profit
of

the

him")

just

as

pulling off,which

SEX
to

serves

himself

gives

onanism.

This

to

that

DREAMS

but

us,

the

is not

do

moreover,

entirelywith

can

just

the

questioning in

The

shaft

the

dream.

he

vagina by referringto
walls.

That
as

as

The
is

down

details that

longer platform

soft

and

then

consorted
it up

given
be

to

able

with

of in the usual

because
to

take
The

treatment.

toward

the

dream

begun
1

Cf.

to

the

Zentralblatt

again

He

evident
influence

to

way

in other

had

and

with

the

the

stances.^
in-

there

self
shaft, he him-

new

however,

end, and

the

assert

it up

true

inhibitions

dream,

it becomes
of

of

the

scribed
is de-

vagina

for

sexually,but

women

of

scene

upholstering of
in the

explains biographically.
time

first

of the first shaft

end

It,

interpretsas

instead

at the

its

the father,

on

the

also found

I have

up,

the

off

once

of coition

act

going

going

the

at

fact

the

expectations that

activityis again put

was

"

expressed by

our

the onanistic
as

with

quite openly").

it

one

explanation

well
is

opposite ("Why

the

miliar
only entirely fa-

very

onanism

of

agrees

dishonesty,

second

agrees

secrecy

125

commercial

represent

dreamer

namely,

IN

the

had

some

then

hopes

now

aid

of the
tinct
indis-

becomes

experienced

that in the second

of another

terpreter
in-

scene

subject has

itself;in this his father's

business
,

fur psychoanalyse,

I.

DREAM

126

his dishonest

and

represented
reference

the

as

the

male

(Dream

of

woman

with

two

some

church

called

led

there

dense

was

5.

Or

Symbol

of

Demons

in

man

The

chapel

"

two

to the

side

thicker

became

the mountain,

went

church,^

behind

the

top of which
furnished
The

with

two

rants,
vag-

policeman quite
aprons.*^
This

mountain.
with

thicker

and

and

grass

it

where

as

it

spread

dream.

interpretedby

and

Otto

Rank.)

vagina,.
coitus.
cloaks

and

in

the

halves

of

versed

into

was

the

and

forest.

stairway

with

he

But

cloak.^

each

on

height of

(Reported

the church

quite a

into

out

on

and

house

their loins sack-like

tied to

which

the

reached

of

Dattner.)

B.

stairs ;

policeman

overgrown

brushwood,

think

class, whose

the

consent

many

along

led from

road

mutual

gorget, and
went

into

mountain,^

The

peaceably, had

vagina

persons

lower

policeman.

great

was

who

road

for

by

forest.*

helmet,

the

broke

one

tramps

which

to

of

policeman, reported by

anxiously

might

one

genital symbolized by
landscape.

is

first

mother.

Then

that

so

by

of

shaft

female

husband

practices signify the

to

The

4.

PSYCHOLOGY

capucines

subject,
the

Mons

of

scrotum.

veneris.
are,

according

phallic nature.

"*

to

Crines

the

pubis.

explanation

SEX
the

For
I

"I

after

the

of

little

has

she

(A

some

woman?)

whether

coitus with

the left and

small
a

On

small

came

the

where
to

I practice

were)

It
.

her

genital on

this I

which
I

act

tinctly,
dis-

it very

see

her head

is

lying

hanging

see

see

my

intended

for

in front

my

myself
seen

the

on

in

be;

birthday present.
pictures to

also be

the

obtained.

indistinctly
lying in bed, just

very

myself
by

stood

surname

of the

cheaper picturescould

awakened
from

one

two

painter'ssignature should

the

be

(alsoas

me

smaller

sign hung

I had
am

it

as

my

sexual

find

suddenly

house

effect that

as

see

not

pictures,landscapes,representing a

place

I then

above

do

me.

air)

it seemed
A

the

it, but
I

(in the air

tom
bot-

for

stairway where

doing

the

child

the

cause
be-

punish

to

At

grasp

stair-

if in the

green.

the

in

in the

me.

it, for

of the

distinctlyas

sideways. During
to

hit

the child

to

held
I

have

genital,and
as

I wish

coitus, I only rub

really no

external

stairway

one

myself in the middle

is

the

something

stairs

furnished

dream.

girl,whom

done

grown-up

know

colleague who

same

down

running

am

house

the

to

the dental-irritation

with

us

127

following transparent pollution dream,

indebted

am

DREAMS

IN

at
a

the

foot

of the

stairs,and

feeling of dampness

which

pollution."

Interpretation.

The

dreamer

had

been

in

DREAM

128

book-store

the

on

where, while

he

which

to

his

the

about

to

Bohemian

The

dreamer

her

there
and

on

lover

was

that

In

expression used

boasted

of this

the
of

usual
un-

servant-girl
her

for

parents,

sexual

performed

man

that

stairs."

the

details

home

artist,

he heard

on

that

witty allusion

tions,
relathe

act

the mischievous

to

wine-adulterers, the dreamer

about

child

"The

remarked,

excited

the

company,

the

the

to

stepped

him.

to

opportunity

no

the

the stairs.

of

name

learned

and

occurrence,

He

particularlytook

made

"was

inquired about

with

tives
represented mo-

servant-girlwho

illegitimatechild

where

the

see

tures
pic-

some

pictures.

evening, in

her

went

examined

quite unknown

same

of the dream,

day

picture which

was

in the
a

dream

order

which, however,
Later

waiting,he

small

in

of the

exhibited, which

to

fancy

evening

was

were

similar
nearer

PSYCHOLOGY

really grew

the

on

cellar

steps."
These

experiences
in the

prominent

by
reproduced

the
old

an

the

of

which

day,

dream

content,

dreamer.

But

were

he

quite

produced
readily re-

just

as

readily

fragment of infantile recollection

which

was

also

utilized

house

was

the

house

by the dream.
in

which

he

greatest part of his childhood, and

first become

are

acquainted

with

sexual

had

The

stair-

spent the

in which

he had

problems,

(in

SEX
this

house

down

the

he

DREAMS

IN

used,

banister

the

down

astride

stairs very
to

touched

his

which

In

the dream

distinct

own

this infantile

experience,the beginning

In

the

house

same

and

the

dreamer

the

neighboring children, in

used

just as
If

symbolism
stairs almost
becomes

aroused
this is

from

Its motive

the

the

stairs)and

pursuing

sexual
1

See

stairs

climbing

or

sleeping

of

fect,
its ef-

purely

became

(in

state

dream

as

excitement

the

rapid running

the

sadistic

over^coming

excitement

Zentralblatt

well

pollution,is

ual
sex-

the

dream

sliding

or

in this is,

thread

pugnacious playing, indicated

and

action

as

power

Sexual

nature.

represented by

libidinous
to

the

by

the basis of the

on

investigationof

Freud's

regularlysymbolizes coitus, the

during

the

with

games

satisfied himself

he

that in the dream

is shown

libidinous

down

clear.

as

residence

he did in the dream.

recalls

one

to

excitement.

adjacent

which

or

of the dream

play pugnacious

to

hardly

"flew"

of sexual

in the

cording
ac-

reference

Upon,

say.

represent the factor

to

seems

comes

rather

as

to

also

assertions, he

stairs,but

used

to

he

"slid down,"

we

come
be-

him

rapidly that,

so

"

sHde

things, to

caused

rapidly

individual

the

other

among

sexually excited.

129

becomes

of

enhanced

(represented in
filrPsychoanalyse,

the

the

child.
and

dream

vol. i.,p. 2.

in

The
urges

.by the

DREAM

130

of the child and

grasping
middle

PSYCHOLOGY

of

the

the conveyance

stairway)

Up

dream

would

be

of pm^e.

one

this

to

sexual

for

But

which
symbolic gratification,

this

undisturbed

insured
the

to

an

coitus.

lays

of both

actions

utilization

sexual

this dream

the

to

of

rhythm

in the

Still

of

as

the value

shown

once
a

big

and

presents

the

fact

their- real

was

intended

little

the

also be

also
significance,

dream

and

deals

the dream

as

is

This

at

with

content

little girl. That

obtained

the

points to

as

the

dreamer's

picture and

the

thought

for his

tures,
pic-

two

woman(literally

the

that

prostitutioncomplex, just
the

dreamer,

pronounced

concerning

big (gi^own up)

cheap picturescould

on

this, for,

of the

the most

was

little picture,just

assertion

idiomatically^women)

by

for the

reasons

corroborate

of "Weibsbilder"

pictures^ but

for

dr-eam.

which, aside from

have

way
stair-

acter
rhythmica,!char-

of the

to

act

remark

another

ment
excite-

stairway sj^mbolism,and

express

whole

for

substitute

the

on

one

the

sexual

sufficient

the whole

as

especiallyseems

according

feature

stress

have

The

thus

is unmasked

Freud

would

not

and

and

intei^preter.

excitement.

orgasm,

symbolism

dream

sleep, was

libidinous

powerful
leads

the

unpracticed

the

point

symbolism,

obscure

the

of it to the

birthday,point

to

name
sur-

that

it

th^' parent

SEX

(to

complex

be

himself

and

feeling wet,

stairway

be

to

"

to

seems

the

in

the

ceived
con-

dreamer
in bed

landing lying
back

go

childhood

into
and

onanism,

infantile

its prototype

in which

staircase

the

on

beyond

has

the

on

final scene,

indistinct

sees

even

born

131

coitus).

in

The

DREAMS

IN

manifestly
of

scenes
similarlypleasurable*

bed-wetting.

To

stair-dream.

modified

6.

of my

one

abstainer, whose
and

who

than

his

enforced

the
"His
his

Gradus

itself is

is

only

to

which

of

chemist,

as

there

facts.
a

voked
pro-

young

neglect-

Gradus

ad

this he remarked

it has

be

cannot

sexual

to

that

say

for

Clementi's

stairway,and

stairway

It is correct

of

to

practicing the

for* not

and

relation

only

that

influence

him

reproaches

Moscheles
In

This

companied
ac-

piano-playing, and
of

stairs

less harmful

be

abstinence.

mother,

remarked

once

would

teacher

Parnassumf'

dream

an

was

his

on

climbing

of

mother,

following dream

piano

Etudes

the

fixed

was

masturbation

moderate

ing

fancy

repeatedly dreamed
by

him

patients,who

nervous

very

is

scale.
series of

no

to

conclude
man,

piano

the

that

adapted
I

that

who

the

sentation
repre-

with
has

sociations
as-

the
been

PSYCHOLOGY

DREAIM

132

trying

it with

intercourse

Prelimhiary
dream

he

of masturbation

his habit

giv-eup

to

had

statement,

given

with

ir7 Grignard's reaction, in

be dissolved

in

been

of iodine.

explosion in

an

in

which

which

the

the

concern-

is to

magnesium
under

ether

Two
the

before

day

instruction

absolutelypure

influence
had

the

student

placing
re-

women.

On

"

by

the catalytic
there

days before,
of the

course

investigatorhad

same

action,
re-

burned

his

hand.
Dream

I.

hromidj he
hut

ness,

He

is to

He

he

has

He

is

in

now

and

roaches

{he does

down

and

not

know

be,

cannot

it to

me.

of the

He
dream.

must

to

semi-sleeping state,
"Phenyl, phenyl,"

meanwhile

partially awakens,

is much
and

he

himself, ''That

he wants

distinctlyafraid of

He

solve
dis-

Then

done

be so, it has been

himself,because

to

is

he says

to

legs out of the

he takes his

again

he

nesium.
mag-

attitude.

beginning

are

getting soft.

are

how)

correctly," Then
the dream

feet

Yes, it

the

swaying

curious

feelsfor his feet,and

then

crucible, and

for
hiir.self

himself,,''This is the right

to

my

knees

mjy

particularclear-

with

substituted

worMng,

is

phenyhnagnesium-

the apparatus

sees

keeps repeating

thing,it

make

earcited

repeats

the

and

peats
re-

to tell

analysis

during

this

continually,

SEX

eleven.

half-past
for
wake

half-past

and

when

twelve/'

The

family gathered
clearness.

we

Then

he does

at

he

the

sees

his mother

"

with

the soup-tureen

self,
him-

get there it will

the table

he says

not

to

says

instant

neoct

eating already,

are

He

you-

about

girlwith

family;

lady, but

certain

late now;

the servant

if

his whole

be at the Schottenthor

is to
a

133

half-past eleven.

until

up

whole

with

with

''It is too

be

ing

He

rendezvous

DREAMS

is in

He

II.

IN

ticular
par-

himself,''Well,

to

certainly canH

get

the

first

away.''

dream

contains
at the

meet

to

the

during
The

feels

He

Analysis:

reference

rendezvous
before

night

student

whom

to

that

sure

he

the

to

"That

though

he did not
isn't

the

is

student

dream,
is

he

as

the

gave

he

is towards

How

his indifference

Moreover,

he

the

towards
material

the

tainly
cer-

must

be

his

the

this student

analysis as
He

in the

operation,
seem

success

with

ium
magnes-

"It

it:

must

the

as

synthesis;the

he

to

answered

about

accomplishes

is the

said

had

towards

unpleasant

is

instruction

the latter

himself

his

who

was

right," because

He

dreamed

expected meeting).

indifferent

however,

myself.

with

right."

is

the

anything

"iare

he

dream

still unaffected, and

was

isn't

whom

lady

(the

particularlyunpleasant fellow;
chemist:

even

which

to

me

achieved!
the

an-

DREAM

134

alysis
the

(s5mtliesis)

to

she

of

success

dream
He

recall
met

her

knees,

this

situation,

the

retort,

will
himself

then,

also
in

been

set

and

(that

to

is, with

resistance.

half
remain

just

as

the

with

the

his
to

his

to

of

fatigue
had

rendezvous

ment
treat-

becoming
refers

nine
femithe

the

woman,

knees

in

is

towards

of

In

magnesium

masculine

and

above

dream.

is

The
.

sure
pres-

He

corresponds

day.
for

in

Feeling

that

pressing

working.

he

region

closely

responding
far

the

wished

h5

so

is the

last

at

in

evening.

stopped

as

woman

work.
the

had
firm

her

work

it will

whom

mentioned

as

me,

he

legs

previous

him

to

thighs

the
is

and

previous

felt

place

which

If

her

lower

the

towards

woman.

he

the

lesson

After

out.

his

at

of

of

question

The

dancing

legs,

it is

treatment.

pressed

cried

against

of

at

he

once

For

impression

an

conquer;

is made.

the

lady

against

his

PSYCHOLOGY

Ware

turbation,
mas-

the

actually

-past

eleven.
with

masturbation)

his

His
usual

wish
sexual

corresponds

to

sleep
over-

objects
with

his

VI

THE

filhnent

surely seemed

alone

not

the

should

the dream

That

the

learning from

that

to

but

wish-ful-

all

us

that

and

"

offered

contradictions

could

by

continuation

sleeps)

conceals

simple

so

that

such

far

the

during

is
as

one

day

our

diversityof psychic

termina
de-

to the correct

thinking in sleep (in so

thoughts produce

psychic

Aristotle, the dream

of

Considering

and

sense

According

sense.

definition
of

analyticalexplanations

hardly "expect

of this
concise

the first

dream

the

validity,we

"

nothing

strange

of

because

be

DREAMS

anxiety dream.

After

but

IN

WISH

acts

judgments, conclusions, contradictions, expectations,

intentions, "c.

thoughts be forced
of wishes
many

dreams

in dream

transparent

just such

that

form,

Are

e.g.,

into his eyes

not,

dream
From

while

different

the

duction
pro-

psychic

is not

gleam

of

father

act

the very
above

mentioned

asleep the
135

to the

the contrary,

on

solicitude,and

father's
nature?

there

present

sleeping

our

themselves

confine

to

should

why

"

of

ing
lightfaildraws

the

DREAM

136

solicitous
and

PSYCHOLOGY

conclusion
have

may

senseful
What

candle

into

situation

dream

he

enacted

which

of the

in

state

of the

or

are

the

to

we

thought

upset

transforms

by investing it

suspect

incited

tense.

by the wish-

continued

thought

with

present

part is played in this dream

fulfillment, and

been

has

fire to the corpse

set

this conclusion

that

the

"

from,

the waking

the

by

dominance
pre-

new

sory
sen-

impression?
All

considerations

these

enter

more

deeply

into the part

in the

dream,

fulfillment,
of the

just,and

are

waking thoughts

and

played by
into

We

to

us

have

separate

found

in

could
concealed

not

by

and

be

available

class of dreams

we

dream

The

censor.

and
recogniz^ed,

every

recognized

wish

seemed

word)
We
dream
what

to

may

occur
now

frequently
this latter

influence

undisguised wish

in childi^en,yet

plainly

ment
wish-fulfill-

In

the

already
groups.

were

was

means.

chieflyfound
dreams

has

in which

others

wish-

the

two

that

to

sleep.

that
into

dreams

some

wish-f ulfillments

dreams

us

significance

the

continued

It is in fact the wish-fulfillment

induced

force

of the

dreams

were

fleetingopen-hearted

(I purposely emphasize this

also in adults.
ask

originates.
diversitydo

we

whence

the wish

But

what

to

refer

fulfilled in the

opposition

this "whence"?

or

to

I think

WISH

THE
the

it is to
and

can

only

find

Firstly,it

wish.

the

day, and
find

to

threefold

owing

external

to

it may

rejected, leaving

surface

life,and
the
follow

night

those

from

the

scheme

our

localize

to

belong

wish

of the

may

has

been

forced

the

Unc.

sj^stem, where

that

assume

back

itself; while

order

consider

the

Unc.

'wishes

possess

the

they have
On

same

the

to

add

as

but

ing
originatedur-

that

of

the

If

now

we

we

the

Force.

second

Force,

can

order
into

system

alone, if anywhere, it
a

of

dreams

which

this

different
and

dream,

incite

to

the

up

these

for the

fourth

the

wish-feeling of

brings

can

third

leaving
question
sources

whether

dream.

we

question, we

source

be

daily

to

in the system

wish

power

disposalfor answering
moved

relation

no

night

suppressed

psychic apparatus,

This

value

reviewing

but

suppression.

arisingfrom

same

the

failed

day

altogether incapable

system.

whether

wishes

from

maintain
we

have

of the first order

We

during

Secondly,

the

during

Or, thirdly,it may

wish.

incited

wish.

unfulfilled

an

origin of

left for the

unfulfilled

but

the

to

come

the

night.

circumstances

is thus

there
gratification,

acknowledged

an

been

have

which

the

during

for
possibility

may

daily life

unconscious

itself noticeable

make

137

conscious

opposition between

psychic activityremaining

I thus
a

DREAMS

IN

of the

have
are

at
at

our

once

dream-wish

138

DREAM

the actual

wish

such

PSYCHOLOGY
incitements

thirst and

as

evident

that

the

sexual

desire.

of the

source

the

arisingduring
then

It

night,

becomes

dream-wish

does

not

aifect

its

incite

capacity to

suppressed during

the

dream

by

be shown

can

shall mention
A

somewhat

friend

become
the

throughout
she knows

with

answers

her

day by

she

as

the

that

subject

the unconscious, and

that

at

are

question

same

the formula:

in all dreams
been

has

been

unable
Thus

state.

of

learned

have

the

to

same

more

that

prove

really different, but

assume

The

tion
men-

from
that

derived
to

come

it would
value

and

the

state

formation.

present unable

of affairs is
to

dream

has

waking

all wishes

for the
am

the

to

the

distortion

from

force

She

tell the

it will suffice to

the wish

been

appear

fiance.

person.

replieswith

Finalty, w^e

analyses that

perception in

that

orders

have

to

younger

prefer to

ordinary

an

she

subsequent

number."

numerous

of the

would

dreams

she

is put to her, and

of

of this class.

unqualified praise,thereby silencing

following night

case

acquaintances whether

her

truth, namely, that he is

"In

the

married, is asked

be

she thinks

judgment,

own

to

in

examples,

lady, whose

young

wish

itself

asserts

great many

engaged

what

and

day

That

simple example

very

sarcastic

has

dream.

am

clined
strongly in-

stringentdetermination

of

THE

WISH

that

unfulfilled

an

of
that

dream.

the

infantile

wish-feelingof

day

would

It would

whether
suffice to

rather

impulses by
reject as

vain

indeed, there

than

others.

those

found

distinct
In

the

our

more

of

such

In

this,

; some

the

of the

tain
re-

longer

processes

here

of

am

day

dream

wish

were

the

same

as

originally

opinion

that

insufficient to produce

are

readily admit

incitement

The

foreconscious

conscious
of dreams,

would
not

not

that

the

like

tribute
con-

but

that

originate

reinforced

from

source.

That

source

the conscious
ceeds

variations

decline

gradual

of the

probablj^ all.

another

and

to childhood.

are

the

to control

more

adult.

an

retention

or

instigatorsoriginating in

if the

in

learn

we

differences

in adults.

towards
is

dream

as

wish

imagination.

wishes

dream

from

we
activity,

general, however,

child, that it is

type of psychic

in the

forget

not

unfulfilled

be individual

The

stigato
in-

I have

natural

are

may

visual

unfulfilled

wish

as

the

strength only.

formation

the

infantile

the

that

seem

of

doubt

no

be

may

must

we

create

intellectual

wishes

intense

an

leave

day

But

all,the wish

it is, after

strong doubt

of the

wish

139

dreams

Children's

the dream-wish.

DREAMS

IN

in

is the
wish

arousing

is
a

unconscious.
a

dream

similar

inciter

unconscious

believe

that

only if it
wish

sue-

which

DREAM

140

PSYCHOLOGY

reinforcesit. Following
through

the

that

unconscious
for

ready

opportunity

an

from

suggestions obtained

of

psychoanalysis

these

and

the

the

wishes

unite

to

conscious

themselves

life,and

always

are

whenever

expression

that

I believe

neuroses,

they

with

they

tive
ac-

find
tion
emo-

an

their

transfer

ter/
greater intensityto the lesser intensityof the latIt
wish

therefore

may

alone

been

has

peculiarityin
us

the

the track

on

realized

These
wishes

the

them

upon

by

quiver

now

of their
in the

that

system

of

the

as

often

disuse

moment
scious

of

the

of

region

they

drank

blood.

system
neuroses

are

These

conduct

the

on

in

the

The
in

this

the

paths

Odyssey,
processes
a

different

difference.

once

rolled
even

convulsions
found

infantile

an

all

psychic

belonging

to

who

awoke

depending

exciting

ess
proc-

The

to
on

the
and

annihilation

of

acts

open

To

excitement.

form

way.

borne

of the

unconscious

same

have

constantly

discharge

mortal
im-

psychological

acts

are

conscious.
un-

ary
legend-

wishes

of

psychic

with
the

suffer

destructible
is based

these

that

is,with

the

which

the

from

from

endowed

lower

and

indestructibilitywith

of

they

the

were

of themselves

only.

it becomes

as

I say

that

speak metaphorically they

shades

learned

unconscious

fall into

never

limbs

really unconscious"

are

time

to

share this character

They

time

have

we

will put

it were,

as

gods,

slight

recall the

which

victorious

repression are

origin,as

and,

immemorial

time

mountains

from

mighty

active

from

the

but

of this dream

the unconscious

from

ponderous

dream

conscious

the

powerful helper from

ever

who

Titans

in

formation

of the

that

seem

new

the

as

the

life the
forecon-

psychotherapy

WISH-

THE

the

investigationof

it is

that

wish

the

In

one.

in the

adult

exist between

in the process

and

unrepressed
that

aware

am

Unc,

and

wish

but

from

be

not

suspected, and

that

waking
background

state

to

in the dream

sleep.

If

the material
I

to

them

which

into

to

the line

thought.
the

We
sum

by deciding to

mapped

succeed

may

of
go

energy
to

was

scious
con-

in

of

sleep.

the

part

those
the

shall

by

me

tributed
at-

'during
other

waking
only

this train

here
adof

nating
provisionallytermi-

our

He

the dream

sensations

from

for

out

In

account

wishes,

not

are

the

from

only

of actual

psychic instigationsremaining
state

it

futed.
generally re-

formation.

take

now

it

that

therefore, relegated to the

are,

I shall attribute

content

generally

when

remain

state.

be

be

are

unfulfilled

an

even

yet

these

waking

it cannot

while
as

nevertheless

maintain

wish-feelingswhich

The

cesor

conception cannot
I

The

Unc,

where

the

iginates,
or-

infantile

an

the

or

frequently demonstrated,

can

he

must

of formation, it is

this

demonstrated,

follows

as

separation and

no

Forec.

only

dream

dream-wish

originatesin

it

child, where

in the

the

whence

replaceit by another,

manifested

fore,
like,there-

opinion previously expressed

unimportant

and

141

I should

neuroses.

the

withdraw

to

DREAMS

IN

waking thoughts
is

good sleeper

DREAM

142

who

do

can

been

this; .Napoleon
of this sort.

model

succeed

in

PSYCHOLOGY
I. is
But

Unsolved

do

we

in

accomplishing it,or

perfectly.

reputed

problems, harassing

in the system
conscious.

These
be

may

which

day owing

mental

with

which

has

by,the

work

We

has

been

terminated

should

to

strive

may
state

the

day.

for

assume

renders

the excitement

formed

Unc.

during

day

Finally,we

the

day.

sleep by

These

the

these

with

of
the

from

surely

excitations

expression during

the

usual

in the foreconscious

and

waking

group

the

we

sleeping

continuation
and

of

continue

night, and

equal certaintythat

impossible the

may

psychic intensities

remnants

emanating

This

the

impressions of
underrate

has

that

indifferent

not

our

by

the

into

unsolved.

has

(5) consisting of

those
life, especially
the

which

which

(4)

our

the

that

suppressed during

in

during

3, that

of the foreconscious.

unsettled

introduced

unsolved;

group

groups:

paralysisof

by temporary

excited

been

following

prevention; 2,

powerful

group

hence

the

not

the fore-

continuing into

processes

into

i.e. the

power,

unites

cares,

tivity
thinking ac-

termed

divided

casual

to

have

we

mental

rejected and

been

add

which

left unfinished

been

the

it

during sleep,maintaining psychic processes

even

1, That

always

not

accomplishing

overwhelming impressions continue

sleep

have

to

of

the termina-

THE
tfon
As

of
far

as

mental
we

the

WISH
excitement

we

what

change

the

is

but

the

also

change of

dominates

the

-dream

produces

to

excitation

path

than

from

that

This
the

from
of

the

in the

of

psychology

remains

excitation

must

But

other

no

forcement
rein-

seek

follow

excitations

unconscious

nal
noctur-

excitements

wish

and

-sleep
tions
condi-

in the

the

Unc.,

that

for the

there

by

is
to

Hence,

Force,

followed

the

contradistinction

assumption

system.

Unc.

the

In

the

in the

that

system, which

secondary changes

Unc.

by

motility,which

to

nothing

warrant

but

any

of the

be

to

seems

state

system

doubt

no

far

sleep is essentiallydue

approach

paralyzed during sleep.

this,there

Force,

our

so

to

venture

is

of

night, in

in this very

energy

the

the

in the

of

conscious.

conscious

not

there

psychological character
to

shall

produced

sleeping state,

143

become

during

even

asleep.

not

DREAMS

bj^ its. becoming

normally

can

processes,

are

IN

the

detours

what

is the

relation
dream?

the

of

There

abundantly
dream

impel
certain

into

content

foreconscicus
is

doubt

no

during

even

dominate

it to
that

continue
the

that

the

they

utilize
upon

the
sciousness
con-

night; indeed, they

the

the work

day

the

to

they penetrate

themselves

obtrude

even

remnants

that

dream,

the
to

day

remnants

dream
of the
may

content,

day;

casionally
oc-

and

it is also

just

as

well

DREAM

144

have

other

any

highly

PSYCHOLOGY
character

instructive

and

of wish-fulfillment
with

comply
Let

examples,
to

My

friend

Otto's

everything
I

finding
the

dream
was

else

into

night
which

source

L.

only

was

to

select

thought.

I must

meant

sleep.

to

the

day,

probably

lowed
feelings fol-

and
one

with

matter

expression

have

realization

friend
with

wishes, viz. that

Otto
a

with

of

wish-

any

the

the

tude
solici-

for my

R.

the

prepared

the

tain
cer-

pelled
im-

being
for

Professor
of

with

the

Professor

substitution

one

the

in

of which

content

alway-sbeen

of

him.

investigate for

explanation
this

on

analysis revealed

and

myself

just

bent

failed to show

my

like

affected

was

to

some

worry,

these

began

Otto

me

person,

reported, the

as

disease.

that

found

worry

identify myself

the

this

this

th^

was

I identified

Baron

and

incongruous expression of

during

connection.

Unc.

assume

But

of this
felt

There

occasioned

I have

fulfillment.

friend

my

appearance

.onlysenseless,but

not

cited above

of Basedow's

referring to

my

into the dream.

in which

day,

theory

they must

symptoms

what

out

conditions

of the dreams

dream

but it is

for the

be received

to

the

also

may
me

In

the

what

see

one

e.g., the

during

concern

me.

out

show

seems

to

of wishes

decisive

even

in order

pick

us

that

as

R.,

immortal

becoming great.

day

in the
as

it

fantile
inRe-.

THE

WISH

DREAMS

IN

friend, that would

pulsive ideas respectingmy

have

been

but

dream,

the

form

some

the

of

dream

of

worry

find

The

took

into

the

to

and

creep

rather

with

substitution

which

already properly prepared,

nate"

consciousness.

this worry,

the

be established
that

of the
there

was

We
the

in any

unconscious

which

arius"

friend's

power

is

that

even

would

have

that

night

health

would
needed

not

connection,

nor

the

the

dream.

whole

class

significanceof
It
of

the remnants

time

allowed
had

may

be

dreams

in

not

to

me

my

desire

slumber

to

come
be-

produced

had

turbed
undis-

about

worry

have

dream

daily life ;

"professor extraordin-

still active.

the

of

cherished

my

been

by

and

originatespreponderatingly

future

some

to

of the wish

define

for

incitement

I believe
at

alone

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no

'*origi-

to

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our

exclusivelyfrom

even

and

wish

that
the

of

sharply

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need

allowed

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the contents

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worry

can

admitted

or

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conscious
un-

dominating

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be

must

stronger

one

The

some

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then

in
was

in

the infantile

it, though
for

which

had

worry,

suppressed wish,

found

likewise

day

day thought,

connection

the

tainly
cer-

waking state,

expression through

in itself but

to

way

opportunity

content.

wish

no

repudiated in
the

of

advantage

145

my

this worry

But

the motive

dream

.to be

contributed

DREAM

146

by

wish, and

for

procure

the

PSYCHOLOGY
it

itself such

dream.

To

that

the

was

affair of the worriment

wish

as

it
speak figuratively,

day thought plays

{entrepreneur) in
known

that

have

in mind,
it into

capital; he

and

In

the

The

the

cases

An

as

the

plies
sup-

is invariabl

dream

of

the

scious,
uncon-

waking

may

many

seek

similar

the dream.

creates

parallelwith
ship
relation-

economic

Thus, the

the

preneur
entre-

aid of the

entrepreneur.
more

or

same

jointlysupply

capitaHstsmay

produced by

produced

capital himself,

some

the

is

tractor
con-

be the

to

seems

run

the

is the

wish

illustration.

an

several

dreams

and

in turn

moreover,

capital required by

wish,

for

unconscious

which

entrepreneurs

are

who
capitalist,

this,indeed,

contribute

may

there

to defray
capitalist

nature

of
possibilities

here

capitahst,or

of putting
without

nothing

capitalisthimself

processes,

other

used

the

this

the

dream;

case.

dream

several

it is
may

be

may

do

upon

what

day's work,

all the

the contractor

tractor
con-

be.

may

for the

by

idea

But

indisputably a wish from the

matter

usual

quite possible

dream.

can

and

expenses,

other

more

he

is

part of the

he

of

power

the

psychic expenditure

no

the

desirous

depend

must

and

thought

how

operation,

the necessary
the

what

matter

no

motive

to

than

variations

one

which

Thus
dreammay

readily be passed
to

What

us.

and

over

dream-wish

of the

of

are

interest

sion
in this discusable

shall be

we

147

further

no

left unfinished

have

we

DKEAJNIS

IN

WISH

THE

develop

to

later.

comparationis" in

"tertium

The

just employed

i.e, the

"

placed

sum

allotment

in proper

admits

"

recognizein

can

direct

for, if
dream-work
that

the

dream

undo
a

of

This

the

is regularly

ment;
wish-fulfillof

the

elements

the
find

retrogression,we

psychic intensityof

the

elements

be

adjoining

descendants
the

artificial

they

have
to

wish.

to

of

connection

acquired
come

in the

it raises to

those

that

are

dream

with

its sense,

painful thoughts
owing
with

content.

wish-fulfillment

to

the

sufficient

their

of

the

of

pose
op-

frequently
element,
enable

the

wish-fulfillment

sphere

prove

which

intensity to

expression. Thus,

have

but

central

to

certain

which

the

the

do

But,

expression
over

in

elements

frequently nothing

of

especially

center

tensity
thoughts is replaced by the perceptiblein-

The

them

structure.

displacements

the

process

posal
free dis-

our

of still finer applicatio

representation of

we

by

of

to

at

perceptibleintensity.

supplied with
the

dreams

most

comparisons

of the dream

for the illustration

We

the

force
is

fused
dif-

association, within

expression all elements, including

in themselves

impotent.

In

dreams

DREAM

148

several

having

from

PSYCHOLOGY

strong wishes
the

another

one

wish-fulfillments; the
often

can

the

Although
limited
the

for
while
be

give them

inasmuch

fact

that

connection

failed

to

dream

mixture.

see

follow

and

of

the

in
of

an

as

the

influence

there

to

which

furnishes

psychic life

have

surprising

of neurotics.

we

the

to

only
the

when

scious
uncon-

the

in

that

learn

it

that

the

occurrences

This
an

scious,
forecon-

intensityand

concealed.

many

far

only by uniting w^ith

itself to be

so

day,

foreconscious, and

it allows

for

recent

thus

its

transference

ing
surpris-

its content

So

it transfers

of

the

which

to

the

such, is altogetherincapable

already belonging

idea

must

of

this addition

We

our

they

information

neuroses.

into

which

kind.

seek

then

of

entering

worth

necessity appears

idea,

harmless

fact

This

remnants

formation

shows

necessityfor

unconscious

exert

For

closely the part played by

psychology

can

attention.

indifferent

any

wish,

the

be

impression

some

ably
consider-

day

nevertheless

dream

every

with

have

the

the

likewise

zones.

experience reveals

as

of the most

often

some

dream

remarks

ingredient in

necessary

dream,

we

it will

the individual

boundary

as

significanceof

dream,

to

in the

foregoing

the

readily separate

can

spheres of

gaps

explained

be

we

under
is the

tion
explanain

the

WISH

THE
The

idea

unmerited

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left

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from

it

upon

modification

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my

but

I feel

for the

Austria
to

for the

and

just

Moreover,
busiest
dental

so
practitioners,

in the

repressed idea

much

conscious
as

of the attention
The

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of the

indifferent,or

as

deprived
a

of this attention

familiar

fact

by
formed

foreconscious

every

intimate
an

almost

from

the

legal requirements.

alliances

chosen

are

the
with
such

to

attracted

operativein

the foreconscious

entangles with

which

its connections

impressions and

those

those

cover

themselves

have
that

been

have

left

noticed
un-

been

soon

through rejection. It is
association

experience,that
connections

negative

the

on

psychic life only

is

unconscious

name

naturally not

such

not

preferentiallyeither
ideas

the

ideas

have

situations

gets permission
his

it is

as

form

or

he

cover

who

physicians

foreconscious
a

thus

existing

dentist, who

American

use

of

will pardon

the

to

have

daily life,

from

similar

are

be

content

that the relations

say

practise unless

public signboard

the

the reader

regular physician to

it may

or

comparisons

repressed idea

is forbidden
from

to

tains
ob-

intensitymay

from

I trust

for

tempted

existingin

of

abundance

thus

which

foreconscious

transferring idea.

the

149

by the transference,

unchanged

forced

DREAMS

IN

in

attitude

studies

ideas
one

to

which

have

direction
whole

firmed
con-

sume
as-

groups

DREAJVI

150

of

connections.

new

develop

to

If

we

know

its influence

dream

ideas

analysis shows

that

these

and

what

frequently

into

for the most

the

dream,

already

that

reason

censorship explains only

elements,

the

points to

the

Both

constant

the

fact that
of

there

repression for

and

inducement

no

the

recent

time
thus

We
we

to

may

now

see

ones

form
that

for
because

is frequently

as

We

elsewhere,

elements
a

come

thoughts, for
from
from
trivial

elements

of recent
a

so

substitute

least to fear

need

material
ones

ence.
for transfer-

extensive

they have

associations.

the

day remnants,
the

still free

because

such

include

recent

impressions satisfythe

associations, the indifferent

offered

every

preference for

is

once

this freedom

presence

groups

of the

have

of

learned

the dream

while

But

resistingcensor.

viz. that

content

they

at

can

character.

indifferent
dream

makes

element

recent

deep-lying of

the further

well, we

indifferent

and

recent

ciple
prin-

learned

neuroses

interweaving

have

we

have

we

the

as

this

most

this

for the transference

which

the
an

that

the

of
add

need

same

of

from

hystericalparalysis.

anatysis of

riddles

two

may

for

felt in the dream

impression,

the

the

tried

once

theory

repressed

from

explain

that the

assume

of the
to

PSYCHOLOGY

indifferent

mand
de-

from

they

have

associations,
had

among

cient
insuffi-

which

impressions

WISH

THE

only

from

borrow

disposalof

to

foreconscious

the

also offer to the

the

the

whereas

first have
emotions

the

the

throw

to

the

itself offers

dream

the

into

the

deed,
in-

which,

to

of

study

we

between

unconscious,

urged by

If

deeply

more

of

play

and

are

neuroses,

but

not

at

power

transference.

should

we

the

light on

the

penetrate

processes,

we

the motive

to

necessary

attempted

more

formation,

something indispensable,namely,

attachment

psychic

Unc.

the

151

dream

repressed wish,

the

unconscious

here

the

they participatein

when

DREAMS

IN

psychoance
assist-

no

in this respect.
Just
There
of

is

doubt

no

sleep,and

strives to

point

that

guard sleep.

other
thus

which,

But

day

on.

remnants.

disturbers

the contrary,

shall return

we

have

it to

traced

discussed

far

so

the

sphere

to

the

this

to

kind,
made

or

simply
for

room

claims

of conscious

dream

formations

in

us

to

in

of any
We

have

be made

may

thought activityin

would

explain even

alyzed
an-

which

all its variations.

thought series, it
for

that

we

and

Unc,

impressions.

importance

our

the

psychic emotions

recent

any

of

dTcam-wish,

day remnants,

be either wishes,

may

the

for the

upon

the

the actual

they are

the dream,

not

its relations
turn

about

later.

We
have

remark

further

one

not

those

be

Relying
at

extreme

possible
all imcases

DREAJVl

152

in which

the

brings to
of

dream

as

waking

the infantile

efforts

the
have

not

come

riddle:

The

sleep?
light on

the

be

with

given

step

psychic

of

we

the

of
the

furnish

tive
mo-

only during
throw

must

of wishes;

aid of the

ing
furnish-

solution

question

nature

veal
re-

activity. But

nearer

this

to

answer

might

strengthening

wish-fulfillment

the

the

which

lem
prob-

however,

not,

source

the unconscious

can

for

power

successful

foreconscious

one

^Yhy

do

analysisof

and

the

of

We

v/ork

day

unsolved

repressed wish

or

alliance

such

the

of the

and

state.

example,

an

continuer

conclusion

happy

the

possess

PSYCHOLOGY

it will

and

of the

diagram

psychic

apparatus.
We

do

doubt

not

its present
of

in

assumptions,
that
from

at

an

to

first the

excitement

Let

attempt

us

through

apparatus
a

to

tained
at-

long

course

restore

it

as

early phase of its activity. From

confirmed

be

apparatus
as

elsewhere,
strove

took

which
the

enabled
motor

stimulus

reaching it from

function

was

likewise

furnish

distm^bed
the

impulse

free

as

tion,
in its first formathe

it

form

tracts

any

But

to

flex
re-

charge
dis-

sensible
this

simple

of life,which

wants

for

of

promptly

without.

by the

know

we

keep

to

possible,and

therefore, the scheme

apparatus,

this

even

perfectionthrough

development.

it existed

that

the

further

de-

THE

velopment

WISH
the

of

first manifested

themselves

inner
be

may

seeks

want

outlet

an

"inner

designated as

The

for the excitation

requires,not

force

is
be

if in

some

which

experienced
"

through

inner

outside

excitement.

food

which

in

Thanks

to

remains

the

the next

feeling which

of
the

example),

our

to

child must

wish;

certain

constitutes
of

the

picture of

with

the

of this want

the

of

recalls the former

the wish-fulfillment, and

want

the

the
ception
per-

the situation

call such
of

sults
re-

psychic

picture

memory

thus

the

ory
mem-

connection, there

reappearance

x"erceptionby

of this

perception

memory

gratification.We

the

the

remove

itself,Le. it actuallyre-establishes
of the first

cur
oc-

can

of want.

appearance

perception,and

ner
in-

an

constituent

associated

established

revives

changed;
un-

outbreak, but

change

order

essential

of the excitation

trace

former

"

child cries

from

of the

case

in

help

appearance

thereafter

at

in the

An

experience is the
(of

pression
"ex-

an

feeling of gratification

way

as

remains

proceeding

working continuously.

only

or

hungry

momentary

by

motility, which

its situation

fidgetshelplessly,but

want

in

of the

aroused

changes"

of the emotions."
or

form

excitement

hfe

of

wants

it in the

to

The

153

The

apparatus.

great physical needs.

the

DREAMS

IN

ing
feel-

perception

the full revival

excitement

consti-

DREAIVI

154
tutes

the shortest

may

assume

PSYCHOLOGY
road

primitive condition

in which

apparatus
where

the

This

first

wish- fulfillment.

to the

this road

wishing

is

that

perception which

aims

Le,

hallucination.

an

psychic activitytherefore

identityof perception,i.e, it

psychic

really followed,

into

merges

the

of

We

at

is connected

aims

at

an

repetitionof

with

the

ment
fulfill-

have

been

of the want.
This

primitive mental

modified

by

bitter

activitymust

practicalexperience into

establishment

expedient secondary activity. The

the

of

road

identityperception

within

the

carry

with

the revival

with
be

of
in
make

as

to

of

take

not
to

hunger

clinging to

the

to

prevent it from
memory,

whence

leading ultimately to

the

place,and

exhaust

former

the

just

as

inhibit

and

their

of the
the

can

must

in the

psychic
In

liriums
depacity
ca-

order

psychic force,
full

regression

extending beyond
it

the

pens
actuallyhap-

object desired.

appropriate use
necessary

out.
with-

equalizethe internal

of energy,

which

spect
re-

lows
inevitablyfol-

perception from

order

sum

regressive

in another

not

hallucinatorypsychoses

more

it becomes
so

In

short

which

same

continually maintained,
in the

to

of the

external

the

result

it the

continues.

want

does

apparatus

does
gratification

The

the

on

more

select

establishment

other
of

the image

paths
the

de-

and

task

the

the

the

represents

recalled

detour

wish ; and

of

been

called

the

ruled

banished

in the

into the

in the nursery

justly

fatigue serieuse,
use

et

merely

sans

is

extols

deed
is in-

etre

corrode

oblige
ies

can

activity. The

to

follows

wishes

for
the

of

and

us

the

only

psychic

ent.
inexpedi-

as

waking

state

unfit

when
to

seems

sleeping state, just

the bow
of

and

recourir

of
a

cette

the

as

the

arrow,

ity.
human-

grown-up

wish-fulfilment
de

wish

fragment of the
the

the

upon

hallucinatory

abandoned

still young

was

dream

Lorrain

longue qui

been

has

of

wish- fulfillment

form

primary

primitive weapons

The
Le

the

once

again

discarded

be

its
fulfilling

which

psychic life

see

forced

has been

equivalentof

dream

in

What

its way

world

regressivepath, thereby preserves

apparatus

entire

establishment

the outer

psychic apparatus

our

example

have

this

self-evident,as nothing but

di'eam, which

the

the

tivity
ac-

devoted

now

by experience.^ Thinking

if the

this becomes

which

nates
domi-

whose

works

the

picture to

nothing but

an

excitation

But

purposes.

tion
inhibi-

which

system

activitywhich

memory

wish-fulfillment

short

the

motility is

of

perceptionidentityfrom

impel

This

from

second

mental

complicated

the

world.

outer

expenditure

previously

we

of

155

voluntary motility,ix. through

the

from

DREAMS

deviation

consequent

becomes

to

the

identityfrom

sired

IN

WISH

THE

abandoned
dream:

lutte

jouissances poursuivies."

"Sans

opindtre

et

DREAM

156

PSYCHOLOGY

psychic life of
of

modes

the

child.

operation of

the

themselves, and

satisfyour

in the

The

unconscious

of transference
endeavor

to

the

the

that

guardian of

we

have

the

emotions

to

goes

is not

to rest

profound
No

motilitj^

inhibited

they need

not

because
motor

and

"

have

we

^he takes

"

Unc.

Force,

the

by

the

as

the

us

upon

honor
is it not

But

the

its
pressed
sup-

expression,

to

come

lessness
care-

diminish

to

allow

to

are

which

the critical

to

close the gate to

about

on

the otherwise
the

with ; they remain

unable
alone

to
can

ian
guard-

his slumber

feelingsfrom
roam

may

be interfered

apparatus

the

proof that

care

what

matter

they

the

gression?
possible the hallucinatory re-

not, for when

I think

is, therefore,

guardian

of the Unc,

nate
domitem
sys-

recognize and

and

they

the

and

night

again making

thus

It

psychic health.

vigilance during

and

leading through

the part of this

on

the fact
that

us

consciousness

is forced
to

strive to

day also, and

the Unc.

which

our

inabihty to

psychoses teach

road

between
of

assumption
dream,

the

to

sert
reas-

world.

outer

foreconscious.

lying

censor

the

penetrate

motilityby
of

their

betray

during
and

which

waking state,

wish-feelino^sevidently

themselves

assert

then

in the

wants

psychoses these

the

psychic apparatus,

normally suppressed

are

In

scene,

less
harm-

put in motion
exert

the

modifying

THE
influence

the

security of

the

Conditions

is

diminution

produced,

in the

or

when

scious

operation

excitations, and

is

charged with

motilityare

through
they

it

nocturnal

critical censor,

the

virtue

of the

are

of

the

of

exerted

by
and

Force.

We

for

giving

further

have

psychic motive

wish

Unc,

ered,
overpow-

the Force.

actions,

by

by the perceptions
call

We

psyqhosis.

the introduction

explained that

is then

subdue

to

avenues

psychic energy.

our

in the best

now

the

designed for them

not

positionto complete

psychological construction,

ter
lat-

hallucinatoryregression,thus

attraction

this condition

sole

the

forecon-

the

speech and

our

apparatus

an

and

excitations

the

the distribution

We

of

this while

guardian

they dominate

enforce

governing

the

of

energy

The

open.

the unconscious

case

displacement

through

not

guard.

through pathological reinforcement

unconscious

on

is under

through pathological enfeeblement

but

or

157

Sleep guarantees

which

fortress

less harmless

are

forces

of

world.

the outer

upon

DREAMS

IN

WISH

the

but the fulfillment

in the

why

reason

knows

to

no

ample

the

dream.

other

of wishes, and

it is
aim
which

reason

wish

the

as

We

the dream

is because

rupted
inter-

systems, Unc.

still,
however,

power

been

has

of the two

consideration

realization
which

which

our

have

is in every
a

product

in its
has

of

activity
no

other

DREAJM

158

forces

at its

ourselves

disposalbut wish-feelings. If

for

from

PSYCHOLOGY

longer

moment

the dream

of the

right to

the

demonstrate

to

dream

into

other

dream

dream
be

Unc.

it for

to

the

psychic

of the

system

be

may

the

of

of

of
the

only
for

important
of which

too

the

the

the

of

the

theory

culminates

in the

taken

he

must

Our

as

solution

Thus,

from

the

so

of

of

evince

all

osition
prop-

ments
wish-fulfill-

most

group

But

other

essential

find

to

in the

investigationsfrequently
that

ity
qual-

dream.
referred

the formation

of

the combination

both

psychic life.

our

of

purely psychological

one

necessitates

of

side
be-

wish-fulfillments, e.g,,

hystericalsymptom
streams

must

understanding

of the

far failed

in this treatise,I know

"

explanation makes

first member

group

I have

every

wish-fulfillment

Indeed,

hystericalsjinptoms,
which

to

this

exists

there

part of the psychiatricproblem.

members

prise
com-

discussion

our

psychiatrist,an

the

means

of

abnormal

the unconscious.

dream

there

its sole manifestation;

dreams.

they

also

may

If

purpose

psychoneurotic symptoms
that

thereby bringing

are

wish-fulfillment, but

duty

something sufficiently
alogous
an-

or

be

forms

this

we

structures.

"

cannot

other

that

in

are

relationshipwhich

orate
elab-

ing
interpretationsuch far-reach-

psychological speculations, we
bound

avail

we

The

symptom

an

of
is

THE
not

the

merely

be

foreconscious

symptom;
determined,
Just
further

the

by

once

of

derived

each

see,

invariably a

against

tencal

Unc.

the

unconscious

Hence

I may

one

(Compare

expression,

of the

the

Zeitschrift fiir

schaft, by

this

on

nothing
in

but

will cite

an

example,

that

carry

with

on

the

unconscious
she

the

might

one

fancy
be

treatise

S eooualwissenamples
Ex-

of little value,
the

fore
there-

assertion, and

mere

from

as

tion
complica-

conviction.

hand,

in

formulation

for conviction

not

in

source

in

to

but
of

hystericalvomiting

patient proved,
an

would

myself

The

of

prove

complete unveiling of

trasting
con-

others, 1908).

point would

question

content

and

Hirschfeld

hys-

an

combine

to

hystericalsymptoms

can

reaction

two

their

latest

my

to

self -punishment.

where

able

as

in

e.g,,

limit

no

far

as

the

originof

published by

conflicting
systems.

general, that

are

doubly

determination

wish-fulfillments,
having
differentpsychic systems,

same

The

originatesonly

symptom

least

thought

in

the

is

wish,
say,

by

from

there

is,
of

stream

wish

is at

of the

one

dream,

the

from

another

is fulfilled

over-determination.

not

159

realized unconscious

symptom

in the

as

DREAMS

joined by

which

that

so

IN

expression

it must

wish, but
the

WISH

be
the

the
time

for

plication.
ex-

female
tion
realizaof puberty,

continuously pregnant

and

DREAM

160

have

PSYCHOLOGY

multitude

of
with

united
from

them

as

immoderate

But

impulse.

the

in

therefore

the

which

the

As

expresses

yet

we

the

after

only

thus

admissible

be

hast
know

of

demonstrate

regularly a

have

the

as

in its counterpart.
found
as,

friend

R.

in the
for

in the

dream

the throat

of

thou

hast

longed

only

that

in

''uncle dream."

some

to

thought antagonistic

Only

instance, the

to

is realized

traces

and

position

no

of

it

permits

wish

the

which

to

we

she

foreconscious

stream

dream-wish

taken
under-

gold,

dream

really

are

is

the

for

had

for

into

subjected

We

This

of the unconscious

dominating
it has

he

greed

the

of
both

from

chose

what

was

wish-fulfillment

that

poured

thou

distortions.

dream

of

out
to

find

trend

reality.

Parthians

wish-fulfillment

apparently
this

punitive

Believing

gold
"i^ow

the corpse,
for."

her

become

tient's
pa-

not

with

the

campaign

molten

she would

that

consenting to

of

this

defensive

the. symptom

to

Crassus.

triumvir

powerful

mankind,

being

queen

have

might

vomiting might spoilthe

of

of

that

quently
subse-

was

possible. Against

beauty, so

manner

the

caused

arose

allowed

was

same

there

keeping

thought, and,
sides, it

she

wish
as

eyes

in

the

the

as

figureand
favor

this

men

many

wish

children, and

now

in the

and

of reaction

tenderness
But

then

mations,
for-

toward

the contribu-

THE
tion

from

may

be

DREAMS

IN

WISH

foreconscious, which

the

in another

found

dream

the

distortions
wish

wish

in

who,
chamber,
has

been

the

set

the

gleam

child

Other

probably

of the

dream

The
1

is

idea

Liebault, who
meil

frovoque,

decisive

in

escape

us,

we

revived

mention

may

for

motive

been

is :

of

borrowed

by

hypnotic investigation in

etc.; Paris, 1889.)

to

power

desire

sleep of

Theory
our

sion
repres-

motive

the

the dream

The

ment.
mo-

unable

by

moment

ened
awak-

one

the
are

second

ther
fa-

prolong

to

the father's

from

that

being

from
we

"Let

the

causing the

the life of the child, the

prolonged

has

because
as

shown

dream

proceeding

But

that

the wish

in the

seen

death

the

have

wishes

underlying
This

We

light,was

this dream.

sleep,for, like
father

of

of the father

conclusion

this conclusion, instead

life of the

analyze

fire.

on

of energ}^

formation

the

light from

the

to

psychic forces

to form

by

brought

was

this

part of the

the

the dream

to

of

gleam

realize

sleep/

of

facilitates

refer

us

sleep,

to

finallyretain

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to

general

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by

of the

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psychic apparatus,

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it

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place.

system has withdrawn

161

the

dream.
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PSYCHOLOGY

162

DREAM

otherwise

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unconscious

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dreams

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to

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claims

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to

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when
in

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to

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why, it's but

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dream

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a

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dominating psychic activitytoward

our

as

weave
inter-

sleeping state

cases

patible
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to rob

warning

this also describes

the

conclusion

we

we
are

compelled

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it

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formation

consciousness

to

transform

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ognized
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render

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dreams

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up."

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and

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sexually
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ending

placed
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thinks

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without

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objection

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the

163

of

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knowledge

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DREAJMS

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fer
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VII

FUNCTION

THE

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ceed

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164

to

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FUNCTION

OF

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compression
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ently
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ther
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transference

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peculiarityof

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regressive course,

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the

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165

It is confronted,

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distortion

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on

DREAM

elements.

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DREAM

166

dream

has,

becomes

process
to

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means

and

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us

viz. from
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from
constitute

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as

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perception.
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furnish

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have

the

two

paratus,
apondly,
sec-

those

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psychic quahty,

consciousness

pleasure
to

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apparatus.

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inas-

pain

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for

those

that

assume

some

to

render

processes

with

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independent
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accomplish
qualitiesof
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memory

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functions, it

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occupation processes.

necessary

pain.

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could

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perception system, and,

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transformation
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up

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"

to

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sources

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PSYCHOLOGY

of

the

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ceived
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FUNCTION

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to

of

organ

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two

167

devoid

sensory

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DREAM

this system, consciousness,

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sake

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DREAM

168

of

tent

of

PSYCHOLOGY

perception; it is subjected to the

far at least

expectation, as
far

As

the

as

direction

part of the dream,

the

avoid

To
to

these

is concerned

it may

said

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about

words

dream

admits.

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that

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again

progressive.

misunderstanding,

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say

of

is

movement

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ideas

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it will not

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amiss

temporal peculiarities
In

processes.

interesting

very

discussion, apparently suggested by oSIaury'spuzzling

guillotinedream,
the

that

dream

transition
The

that

that it forces

dreamer

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It has
Goblet

been

forced

to

generalize his
from

dreams

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do

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veil

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dream-work,

contrary,

moreover,

we

e.g.,

dream.

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only

it

when

commence."

awaken,

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facts in order

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ter
mat-

because

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lieve
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to

emphasized by Dugas

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repudiate many

we

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of

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theory.

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knowledge

the dream

near

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c'est

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dreams

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awaken;

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the

takes

dream

picture is strong only

already

was

pictureof

than

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as

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period.

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"Un

appears.

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sleeping and

the dreamer

of fact, this

demonstrate

time

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awakening requires time,

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FUNCTION

probable that

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think

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it is much

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personal experiences,I

believe that the dream-work

than

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manifested

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to

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particulargrouping

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described,

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succession

night,

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feel

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owing

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that

description;in reality,however,

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rather

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And

transferred

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of the

perception

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scious
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assert

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modification

night.

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say

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the

second

The

penetration

throughout

gins
be-

still under

are

attraction

the

169

dream-work

foreconscious.

censor,

scenes,

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when

dream-work,

the

DREAM

first part of the

the

during

THE

OF

night

am

often
to

duce
pro-

extraordinary art

of

the

dream

loses

PSYCHOLOGY

DREAM

170

opinion,even

In my

all its marvels.

comprehensibilityas
take

may

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be

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treatment

same

as

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and

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gains either
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itself and

sleep,or,
until

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inmiediately

for

before

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tion

strikes the

next

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dreams
of

created

content

of

elsewhere

greater

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sleep.

one

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are

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process

ness
conscious-

insuflScient it must
which

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for

is set

in motion

Most

dreams

we

regularly perceive

as

well

in spontaneous

as

first glance strikes

by

the

the

theoretical

from

universally demonstrated,

the

without.

interest

in mind

precep-

while

dream-work,

produced

bear

aroused

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on

tensiti
in-

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fact

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relativelyshght psychic

wait

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profundity

or

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time

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of

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however,

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of

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perception.

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to
intensit}^

operate with

to

seem

the

ness
conscious-

on

other

any

intensitybeing

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perception

for

ignition.

arouse

quite independent

of

is henceforth

the dream-work

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now

requirehours

for

moment

regard

attracts

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to itself.

occurrence

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the

are

those

in the midst

us

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expediency

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ask

our-

FUNCTION
selves

OF

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power

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during

the

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But
that

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of

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jection

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sume
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we

the retention
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disturbance.

examples

knowledge

have, nevertheless, asserted

ately
immedi-

when

cognizance of

better

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driving off

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with

attention

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must

nomy
eco-

night just

"c., the fulfillment

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de-

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fact

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sleep is quite compatible

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dream

instant, and

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of

compatible with

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demonstrated

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sleep.

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sight.
in-

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our

in check

of

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night,stillremains

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represent for the

attention

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171

unconscious

This

possessed

we

DREAM

sleep,i,e, the

wish.

relations

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or

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scious
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scribed
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always active, we
they
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ciently
suffi-

themselves

DREAJVI

172

perceptible.
wish
and

with

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its power

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takes

away,

removes

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is

JNIoreover,

in the

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continually

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as

soon

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amount

brought

on

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fact

nothing

is

thirtyyears

the

unconscious

during

all

these

an

ago,

its memory

use

they

main
re-

brought

to

cease

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or

stronglygained

which

becomes

accumulation

after

years

to

passable
of

cient
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having gained
source,

like

is touched,

leads

mortification

The

affective

thirty

that

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attack

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are

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can

excitement.

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tive
ac-

especiallyof hysteria.

of

stream

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"Whenever

of the neuroses,

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peculiarityof

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discharge through

again

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that the dream

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impression is most

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when

sleep?

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fly which,

of excitement

in the unconscious

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should

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represent paths which

sum

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why, then,

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scious
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of ?

cognizance

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But

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PSYCHOLOGY

cess
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FUNCTION

itself to

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disturbing factor.

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complishes
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be

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ultimately breaks

motility;or

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secures

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exits for the individual

two

it

case

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of the

we

psychic memories,

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and

domination

are,

just

forgetfulness

foreconscious

pursued by psychotherapy

grown

and

realitysecondary changes brought

this

from

It is

of affects,which

flagging

of time

painstaking work.

Unc,

excitement

Indeed, the fading

self-evident

as

influence

primary
are

take

to

apt

the

psychotherapy begins,its task

processes.

and

173

attack.

motor

adjustment

about

unconscious

of memories

DREAM

supplied with

discharged in

to

for the

are

be

that the office of

being

THE

OF

wakes

citement
exas

up

for

PSYCHOLOGY

DREAM

174

he has

moment,

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threatened

understand

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clear its way

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dream

by

scious

labor, than

the entire

expect that the dream,

an

expedient

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We

see

now

taken

it upon

what

itself to

and

and

same

at

the

foreconscious
Like

group,

the dream

as

time

the

other

the

in

other.

wall

show

his main
of

so

psychic

at

we

point,viz.
the

dream,

life.

dream

has

The

excitement
of the fore-

the

excitement

the

the latter,
of

sleep
of the

the

waking

formations

of

compromise

its

ing
serv-

systems by fulfilHngboth

compatible

are

agree

with

in the determination

though

with

"elimination

Robert's

must

as

some

psychic

liberated

it insures

they

as

glance
that

is.

domination

offers itself

far

originally

safety-valvefor

simultaneously both
wishes

out
through-

acquired

relief for

this

of f orecon-

not

was

slightexpenditure

adjust

of the

bring the

affords

acts

at

state.

forces

under

conscious; it thus
of the Unc.

of

it may

should, indeed,

have

this function

back

of the Unc.

would

play

and

We

if it

even

process,

that

expenditure

period of sleep.

can

unconscious

the unconscious

curb

to

the

restrict

small

We

fly

expedient and

regressionso

to

sleep.

to

sway

then

of

means

his

the

away

reallymore

full

give

dream,

disturb

to

that it is

to

wish, and
form

actuallychased

we

differ

each

theory,"

this author

in

tion
of the func-

from

him

in

FUNCTION

OF

hypotheses

our

and

in

DREAM

THE

of the

treatment

our

175
dream

process.
The

above

wishes

suggestion

that

of

function
dream

"

there

the

wish-fulfillment

It is then

of

is here

doubts

any

to

as

its

as

soon

as

of its
least
and

the

origin;the

new

is

naturally
dream,

and

the

bear

in

in order

mind
not

changed

to

have

means

this

the

ing
disturb-

serves

ditions
con-

at

change,
of

justment
ad-

connection, I

of

case

the

only

cious
effica-

in the

then

it the

In

the

otherwise
and

turber
dis-

entertain

is not

announcing

the

to

us

disturbance

organism.

the

as

inefficacious

of

purpose

plete
com-

really the

appear

an

callinginto play against

of

replaced by

cause

in which

element

some

to

this

became

arrangement

compromise

part of its task.

efficacy. This

organism

in the

case

should

tain
main-

longer

the

to

ordinarilythe guardian

compelled

sleep,nor

if this tentative

too, it is not

if,while

as

no

off, and

Here,

fault of the dream,

sleep,it

admitted

can

second

broken

once

wakefulness.

of

the

The

foreconscious

breaks

the

the

latter
then

dream

which

shipwreck.

first instance

the

perform

at

suffers

two

contains

"

in

cases

disturbs

that

extent

fails to

other

the

as

of the unconscious, but

its rest, the

and

be

dream

wish-fulfillment
an

far

so

each

may

is in the

process

such

with

compatible

are

in

quahfication

the

anxiety

appearance

of

DREAM

176

PSYCHOLOGY

exclude

trying to

this

of wish-fulfillment

attempt
least

offeringsome

as

the

by

Forec.)

this wish

conflict between

are

the results

the

of

of

two

degree

Unc.

to

and

Suppose
street

"symptom."

by urging

neurotic

attempt
him

to

(the

the amount

psychic

that

is

there

On

the

one

for

the

charge
dis-

it

as

sally

hand, they give the Forec.

alone, which
We

one

is not

our

it.

Unc.

the

we

to

to

some

tent.
ex-

consider, e,g,j the

hystericalphobia

any

of

serve

to

the

Forec.

outlet

an

instructive

significanceof

currence
oc-

of this conflict,and

the

highly

to

system

show

capabilityof dominating
It is

this

systems; the symptoms

end

an

the other

on

the

by

the

its excitement,

port, while,
the

the

may

rejectedand suppressed.

compromise

afford

they

the other

symptoms

they temporarily put

hand,

at

impress

belongs

perfectpsychic health

Neurotic

to

explain

wish

Unc.

suppression shows

normality.
a

the

ceased

may

by

has been

in

even

anxiety dream,

long

the

complete
of this

that

while

subjection of

The

has
We

fact

(the Unc),

system

it, I will

developing anxiety

process

contradiction.

the

of

wish-fulfillment

I encounter

suggestions.

psychic

stillhe
us

wherever

explanation

an

That

testimony against the theory

or

of

an

incapable of
would

ing
cross-

justly call

remove

action

raphobia.
ago-

which

this

tom
symp-

he

deems

FUNCTION
himself

OF

incapable of.

anxiety, just as

of

often

has

been

been

of the

Unless

therefore

us

the

why

reason

advance

bore

the character
of

appearance
of

pain.

the

The

aim,

is to
The

because

the

definite

of the

affective

motor

or

Through

the

character

of

this

of

pain might

foundation

in the

emanate

laid for

is here

It is

pain"
tion,
idea-

the unconscious

over

development.

the

since the

the result,of the suppression

as

assumption concerning

is located

charge
dis-

originally

which

the key
secondary activity,

of which
Unc.

The

comes
be-

itself,it

left to

development

liberation

the ideation.

very

be

the

unconscious

is because, if the

well

stop the

only

discussion.

our

repression,bears
as

here

pleasure,but which,

suppression extends

from

the

affect in the Unc.

of

before

proposition that

the

presentation should

develop an

break
out-

frontier.

be done

can

suppression of

would

has

symptom

fects
part played by the af-

absolutely necessary
of

raphobia.
ago-

is thrown

continue

cannot

we

the

the

on

which

processes,

imperfectly,

establishingan

phobia

the

into

enter

we

the street

guard against the

to

fortress

attack

an

anxiety in

that

The

anxiety.

in these

Let

learn

in order

anxiety like

the

of

cause

thus

constituted

of

177

will be

result

attack

the

We

The

an

DREAM

THE

the

nature

regarded
to the

of

the

tion
innerva-

presentationsof

domination

as

the

Forec.

DREAM

178
these

presentations become,

and

inliibited at the
The

impulses.
that

the

such

has

the dream

consist

in

taken

place,

wishes

shall become

stand

namely,
the

the

subject of

dispense with
thus
As

I have

say

the

anxiety

of the dream

its

of

anxiety, I

with

to

do

point

process.

with

of the

is

with

only

iety
anx-

an

We

one

the

iety
anx-

have

having

it after

is

and

neuroses.

problem.

of contact
There

could

it.

of the

in the dream

dream

factor,

one

anxiety dream,

connected

that

further

demonstrated

of the

psychology

of

for the fact that

repeated,the theory

not

thus

during sleep,with

Unc.

development

often

emotional

They

through just

discussion

and

repressionshave

it not

the

problem
nothing

the

alization
re-

psychological realm

to

belongs
would

suppressed

Were

all obscurities

avoid

the

the

of

for its

that

the

freeing of

can

the full sway

fact

is connected

of
"

sufficiently
strong.

structure.

subject

our

that

and

tions
excita-

place

determinations

the

entirelywithout

the dream

fore
there-

in consequence

"

through

The

process.

fact

anxiety.

or

is released

danger

as

previouslytaken

perceived as pain

This

the

to

the energy,

occupy

affect

an

repressionthat
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is due

in the fact that the unconscious

liberate

only

emotion-developing

which

to

ceases

throttled

it were,

as

exit of the

danger,

Forec.

consists

the

PSYCHOLOGY

once

subject

thing left

FUNCTION
for

do.

to

me

As

dreams

For

good

of the

which

have

had

later.

me

sleeping

bed

birds' beaks,
disturbed

taken
I

disposalby

my

in

from

by

(or

two

parents.

the

analysis

introduced

an

on

add

first heard

The

very
"

of

the

meadow

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from

name

this

eighth

or

vivid, and

boy

intercourse, which

the
is

with

persons

tall

figures
"

beaks, I had

Philippson'sbible;
with

heads

relief.

tomb

reminiscence

used

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was

and

room

screaming, and

deities

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who

with

Egyptian

naughty janitor'sboy,

the

three
and

they represented

also

very

into

crying

illustrations

from

children

was

peculiar manner

seventh

for

interpretationabout

to

carried

sparrowhawks

sexual

any

calm
mother, with peculiarly

I awoke

my

believe

would

citinghere

anxiety dream

my

dream

The

countenance,

the

on

from

one

beloved

my

real

no

subjected

thirty years

draped

thoughts.

persons.

decades, but I recall

laid

from

strate
demon-

to

dream

ject
sub-

can

patients,but prefer to give anxiety dreams

Personally,I

showed

order

examples placed at

young

3^ear

sources,

in their

I refrain

179

that the neurotic

analysisin

to

reasons

numerous

neurotic
from

sexual

material

sexual

the

DREAM

asserted

I have

anxiety originatesfrom
anxiety

THE

OF

to

play

of

the

Philip.
vulgar

of
The

of
with

replaced among

us

house; I

I feel that

word

signifying
the ed-

PSiXHOLOGY

DREAM

180

ucated

by

dream

distinctlyalludes

birds'

the

heads.

in the

before

this

until

the

tomb

awakened

had

face

with

that

my

mother,

my

mother

the

interpretationof
under

the

mother
this
I

was

The
the

was

manner

repression to

man

had
content

an

been

the

myself

this

face

to

assurance

secondary

effected

that

interpretedthe

could

be

obscure
its

this.

remember

dreamed

elaboration

the domination

found

in

only
I

developed anxiety.

in the foreconscious

latter,however,

the visual

the

with

coming

But

had

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but

already under

which

dying,

dream
of

frightened

not

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influence

dead.

coma.

mother

calm

not

if I needed

few

elaboration

agrees

on

nance
counte-

of

that my

could

calm

as

not

was

in the state

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tures
fea-

seen

parents.

my

became

suddenly

I had

relief,too,
and

expression

the

from

secondary
have

anxiety I awoke,

that

the

therefore

must

dying;

was

copied

the

sexual

mother's

My

snoring

interpretationof

the dream

In

teacher.

his death

facial

the

the

of

the

suspected

from

were

which

to

selection

grandfather, whom

of my

The

word

dream

the

by

have

worldly-wise

my

days

"coitus," but

must

the

significanceof
of

Latin

traced

of the

by

dream

my

-in

because

anxiety.
means

obviously sexual

of
sire,
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satisfyingexpression in

of the dream.

twenty-seven

years

old who

had

been

se-

FUNCTION

verely ill for

the

between

that

thought

year

had

ages

of

not

move

had

the
of

good example

felt

by

first

his uncle, which

the

him

believe

to

heard
dream.

that

an

that

he

with

his brother

on

the

whereupon

his mother

from

parents
was

other

the

his ninth
came

as

home

late and
He

soon

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al-

have

he recalled

his hand

This

ately
immedi-

brother,
down.

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struck

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*'I fear
he

that

hurt

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bled,

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reminiscence
to him.

to

heard

bed

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to

will

seemingly

was

occurred

appeared strange

than

occurrence

his younger

went

alysis
an-

the tipne of the

subject of violence,
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night by

might

remarked:
While

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later

at

once

occasion

year

that

ax

and

with

head

feigning sleep.
noises

an

day."

some

taken

story told him

wood.

with

maltreat

recalled

thinking of

the

chopping

particular,he

kill him

of

episode at

while

to

could

In

This,

of his life he

used

and

apparently

dream.

himself

he

led to his relations

whom

be
and

period

ax

after

individual.

similar

running

attacked

was

connection

In

during
with

of

was

may

thought

he

suspicious-looking
led

He

chronologicallywas

viz. that

dream,

thirteen.

common,

very

sexually indifferent, anxiety

the dreamer

and

paralyzed

This

spot.

ax

an

181

terrifyingdreams

many

but

to run,

from

DREAM

eleven

with

man

he wished

him

THE

OF

him, and

His
he
and
he

DREAM

182

could

also make

bed.

His

PSYCHOLOGY

further

estabhshed

associations

analogy

an

brother.

He

subsumed

of the coitus
The
mother's

fact

bed

under

he

often

corroborated

his

I dare

in them,

fact of

probably

their parents
this

also

the

toward

the

appears

fear

arouses

daily experience.

their

in it.

parent

of

opposite
free

sexual

citement
ex-

understanding,
them

For

the

into

is converted

life sexual

terrors

are

and

with

frequently found

unhesitatinglygive
we

it,and

of

night

nocturnus)

too,

his

on

adults

inacceptableto

finds

blood

does

son
rea-

same

fear.

emotion
sex

because

At

directed
meet

not

expression, as

we

before.

seen

For

of

period

repression but

have

by

involved

excitement

still earlier

with

are

mastered

dren.
chil-

among

the fact that

by

"violence

conception.

is

fear

tween
be-

sadistic conception

noticed

observe

his

occurred

happens

who

explained this

is

tween
be-

toward

conception

intercourse

say

is not

what

reached

he had

relation

relation

often

as

that

children

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strange

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own

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thus

sexual

the

That

and

between

his

wrestling,"and

have

showed

and

his parents

his parents in

positionof

his parents
younger

and

the

out

the

same

hallucinations

in children, I would

explanation. Here,

certainlydealing with
rejected sexual

{pavor

the

sible
incomprehen-

feelings,which,

if noted,

FUNCTION
would

OF

I lack

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and

of

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makes

side.

wearing
miss

I found

health

dreamy;

his
it

This

dream

now

of

unable

to

and

he

was

me;

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scream

heard

psychic
how

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an

The

and

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him:
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his voice

lated
re-

we

skin.
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of

followed

was

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the

once

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him, terror-stricken.

done

of

attack

memory

at

and

about

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you,"

say

may

anxious

his

to

one

nocturnus

pavor

fire burned

at

of

I will relate

become

to

sulphur;

aroused

series

thirteen-year-old boy

shouted

have

we

which

mythology

on

interrupted by

devil

view

the

on

planations
ex-

hand,

other

example

cases

thesis

sleep became

the

odor

an

of such
a

as

medical

invariablyvery

that

by

comical

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whole

the
well

hallucinations.

was

you,

in

the

point of

the

as

of

began

was

anxiety with

have

1881.

delicate

dreams

by

blinders

by Dehacker,

week

somatic

understanding

which

case

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on

the

the

lack

to

illustrate

To

On

observation.

pression
im-

gradual

sustain

to

comprehensible

phenomena,

material

necessary

an

well

as

as

pediatristsseem

alone

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emotional

from
the

libido may

sexual

accidentally through

produced

processes

183

for
temporal periodicity,

of the

enhancement
be

show

probably

DREAM

THE

"Please

no,

not

don't,

I shall

do

never

said:

has

done

not

only when

these

amid

Occasionally,also, he

again."

undressing, because,
him

within

into

the

and

year

which

"Je

tant

the

had

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practiced

he

with

probably

Je

jamais

of

through

the

arose

our

picotements

et

des

jeter par

me

la

the

in

wrongdoing

under

which

struggle of

he

This

observation

sion
repres-

libido and

was

sure
pres-

ened.
reawak-

genitals was

shows:

ing
chang-

the

form

ened.
threat-

then

however, quote the conclusions

author.

the

bert
Al-

self-abuse

to

subsequently took

with

ened
threat-

plus; his denial:

suppressing the

fear, which

former

was

his

temptation

however,

now,

punishments

us,

for

2, That

the

1, that

suspect:

it, and

denied

9a).

ticklingof

in him,

it into

Let

of fifteen

Favouer, mais

pas

masturbation

le ferai

ne

fait

puberty

3, That

'of the

recovered

la fin,cela m'enervait

punishment

severe

(his confession:
n'a

age

difficult to

certainlynot

boy

years,

From

dortoir."

au

is

It

the

plusieurs fois, j'aipense

que

fenetre

he

des

tacked
at-

his health,

where
at

he

said, the fire

menaced

n'osais

parties;a

Later

undressed.

half, but

aux

he

as

was

j'eprouvais continuellement
surexcitations

that."

country,

confessed:

once

he

evil dreams,

sent

was

he

it

"Albert

avoided

he

PSYCHOLOGY

DREAM

184*

drawn
1,

by
That

FUNCTION

the

influence
delicate

of

OF

and

of

puberty

health

that

it

DREAM

may

produce

condition

lead

may

THE

of

to

in

boy

weakness,

extreme

marked

very

185

cerebral

anoemia,
cerebral

This

2.

and

of

character,

very

violent

of

states

day

be

traced
the

of

return

of
A

the

heredity

and

cadre
a

to

of

the

fait

des

delires

rischemie

particulier."

child.

as

result

of

after

the

nation
termi-

puberty.

the

for

boy

chronic

remarks

of
cette

apyretiques
que

nous

the
be

may

father's

entrer

cerebrale

as

ucation
ed-

bodily exercise,

country,

influence

of

concluding
avons

the

physical strength

predisposing
condition

"Nous

in

period

cerebral

The

disappeared

the

of

religious

of

underwent

subject

sojourn

lengthy

5.

diurnal,

also

self-reproaches

influences

the

to

manifestations

All

the

hallucinations,

perhaps

the

and

which

and

nocturnal,

tion
transforma-

anxiety.

can

4.

produces

demonomaniacal

Demonomania

3.

ansemia

origin

of

attributed

the
to

syphiliticstate.
the

author

observation

d'inanition,
rattachons

read:
dans
car

cet

le
c'est
etat

VIII

PRIMARY

THE

In

AND

SECONDARY

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DREAJM

188
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PSYCHOLOGY

DREAM

190

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192

DREA]M

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PSYCHOLOGY

DREAM

194

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DREAM

196

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THE
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197

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REGRESSION

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PSYCHOLOGY

DREAM

198

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for

know

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find

principleof compression or

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of whole

chains

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entire

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type

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or

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Dream-

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example

into

print in heavy

text.

emphasis.
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It is the

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pronounced

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the

liberat
de-

son
comparifrom

the

(trimethylamine

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dream

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space

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be

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and

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word

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book

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mal
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We

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dream,

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to

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mainly

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densation.
con-

consciousness.

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been

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is

here, also, presentations which

psychic significanceas

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impression

strange

life accessible

psychic

of ideas may

ment.
singlepresentationele-

is condensation

It

of this

recurrence

Historians

of

art

call

our

attention

historical

to

the

fact that

sculpturesfollow

the most

similar

cient
an-

principle

THE

PROCESS"

REGRESSION

rank

the

of the

in

expressing

by

the size of the statue.

three

times
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is

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plish
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principleof representation.

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center

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work

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in-

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ferabilitj^

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in the

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{cf. the

examples).

numerous

This, likewise, is something unheard

presentation course,

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mal
nor-

all

PSYCHOLOGY

DREAM

200

selection

question of

element.

presentation
and

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to

another

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are

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condensation

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course

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transfer

Contradictory thoughts
one

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posite
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The

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linguistic

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As

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recognizethe high importance

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of
significance

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content

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THE

PROCESS"

which

to

these

REGRESSION

energies adhere,
One

secondary importance.
that the condensation
effected

for

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tion
Conversa-

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N.," present the

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Court-Councilor

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201

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rect
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of hysteria.
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incorrect

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formation

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others

the psychology

psychic
not

been

hysterical

PSYCHOLOGY

DREAM

202

In

symptoms.
of

series

perfectly correct

conscious

our

hysteria,too,

thoughts,

in this form

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formed

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from the infantilelife

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ties
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theory of hysteriawe

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the

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construed

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of

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actuating

invariably originatesin the unconscious,

PROCESS"

THE

which,

as

REGRESSION

ourselves

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in order

But
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We

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the

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that

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primi-

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psychologicalconstruction.

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it cannot

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universallydemonstrated

203

but

nates
ema-

call
wish

in motion,
in the

is
and

apparatus

PSYCHOLOGY

DREAM

204

is

regulated automatically by

pleasure and

first wish

The

pain.

hallucinatory occupation

an

the

this hallucination, unless

maintained

point

of
and

the

of exhaustion,

about

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; these

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activity

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In
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of

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as

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evoked

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quired
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ences
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manifold
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end-presentations.

THE
We

manifold

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The

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physical analogies

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ory
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transformation

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thus

would

assumption.

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retracting

superfluous expenditure

which

205

full command

on

mental

with

the

and

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on

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proceed

now

The

REGRESSION

PROCESS"

system

this

tem
sys-

outflow

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energy,
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duces
pro-

ably
probthat

compared

PSYCHOLOGY

DREAM

206

the first,
the

with

entirelydifferent

to

the

second

work,

it

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removes

off to the
An

and

consider

dischargeby

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the

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presents

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to

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Let

us

system

regulation
seek

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tion,
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source

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other

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of

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(perhaps

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form.

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But

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awakened,

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tions
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ceptive
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primitive apparatus,

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the reappearance
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of

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on

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on

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principle of pain.

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motility.

we

through

After

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conditions.

finished

interestingtrain

itself if
of

mechanical

has

system

the excitements

of the excitement

course

way

would

THE

PROCESS"

REGRESSION

207

surely produce (more precisely,begin

The

pain.
a

deviation

repetitionof

does

memory

not

This

of the

known,

and

psychic

of

to

to

of

demonstrated

from

perception,
excite

itself

to

the former

model

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us

this

deviation
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the

in

even

perception,

quality to

attract

psychic repression.

much

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generally

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ostrich, can
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As

new

tion
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regularly occurring

process

of the behavior

much

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easy

presents

memory

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the fact that, unlike

possess

and

consciousness
energy.

by

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produce)

to

painful,

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readily
life of

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But

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liberation

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If this

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ories
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of the

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We

ond
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the

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associations.

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up

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do

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system

remained

of

altogether incapable

anything unpleasant
The

first system

principleof pain the

manner

may

as

reject

DREAM

208

first

the

PSYCHOLOGY

as
possibility,

manifests

itself

as

the

principleof pain also

regulatorfor

of the second
to

the

system;

second

we

inhibit

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its

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discharge comparable

for the

development

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of

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Let

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The

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complete;

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"

withdraws

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that the second

development

Whatever

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of innervation.

fact

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an

principleof pain.

pain, however,
permitted

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to

also remains

this inhibition

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virtue

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it.

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expenditure

"

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tion
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same

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positionto

ing
start-

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at

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Thus

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motor

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are

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to

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rected
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are,

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to

the emotional

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sought by

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mind.
The

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THE
first system
and
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I shall

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system

The

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of

in

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gathered ; the secondary

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a

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attained
The

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But

between

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Nor

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to

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ate
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identical

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establish

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of excitement

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svim

thought identity.
path

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order

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cess;
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secondary

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point

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the second

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call the

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by

209

call the

now

from
resulting^

one

show

REGRESSION

PROCESS"

in

this

for the other

would

otherwise

originalidea.

carefullyavoided

Such

end-

they
have
cesses
pro-

ary
in the second-

is it difficult to understand

principleof pain also impedes

the

the

progress

that
of

DREAM

210

the

mental

PSYCHOLOGY
in

stream

its

identity,though, indeed,
stream

the

Hence

the

be

free

to

tendency
itself

of

working

signal.

been

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of the

through

mental

departure.
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ad-

the

affective

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velopmen
de-

is necessary

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activitymust

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of

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in the most

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This

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to

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important points

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pursuit

But

is seldom

completely

psychic life

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and

tion
accessible to falsifica-

remain

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This, however, is
of
efficiency
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from

historyof

solelyto
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leading to
This

the

determining

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the union

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psychic apparatus
influence

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formula
the dream

case

of the two

evolution;

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"

secondary

their

hystericalsymptoms.
results

from

process
the work

describe

make

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the material

enabled

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primary psychic
may

in the functional

the breach

psychic apparatus

our

thoughts forming

mental

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of infactors

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longs
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the relation of the

THE
two

systems, while

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from

period.

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capability,but

it is
that

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height of

life.

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establish

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for

all

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life,

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ing,
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feelings,can

the foreconscious,
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unconscious.

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is based

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temporal

and

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inhibited

so

precedence

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unconscious

I did

present in the

are

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wishes

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over

chic
psy-

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life

psychic apparatus

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beginning,

complete mastery

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is

processes

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inhibitingand

psychic

admitting

develop gradually

processes

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as

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fiction ; but

theoretic

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goes

possessing only

the infantile

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share

knowledge

our

the

in consideration

to

has

of the

one

psychic apparatus

relations

organic origininto

transformation

the

and

of

originatein

organism

infantile

211

operates fluctuatingly

forces

Both

somatic

and

the other

motive

psychic life.

and

REGRESSION

PROCESS"

These

iginating
feelingsor-

unconscious

subsequent psychic

efforts

DREAM

212

PSYCHOLOGY

compulsion

which

they

direct

of this retardation
a

of the

large sphere

aims.

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entered

into

relation

presentation of

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would

pleasure but

of

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infantile

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only

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way

transformation
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skim

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in infantile
and

life of
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disgust which

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secondary system.

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motive

produced

wish

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stitutes
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need

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vestiga
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repression,which

think

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just this

It will suffice to remark

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end-

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of rejecting through

or

have

the

to

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sentence

accessi
in-

life,

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designate as ''repression^'

we

its

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of

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material

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indestructible

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course

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originallyabthe

activityof
from

the emotional

which
dis-

THE

PROCESS"

have

charge
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is

It

these

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their

transference.

memories,
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condition

pain

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with
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of

they

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trary,
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play,

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store

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of

thoughts

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ent,
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have

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to

tration
pene-

they

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in

transference

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enforcement

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development

expedient.

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defensive

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themselves,

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as

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case

principleof pain

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into

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comes

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the

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to

power.

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from

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The

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of

thoughts

deviate

to

and

the Forec,

discharge cannot

ideas

principle of pain

the Forec.

213

to

account

on

the foreconscious

to

causes

accessible

their emotional

reason

development

have

been

never

inhibited.

REGRESSION

the
a

the
pressed
re-

pen-

PSYCHOLOGY

DREAM

214

etration

the

by

of transference

thoughts

of the unconscious

that

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abandoned

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succumb

to

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with

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wish-feeling

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selves

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inhibition.

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connection

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ity
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excitement
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We

support

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foreconscious

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sion.
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they

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of

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psychic apparatus;

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the unconscious.

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tion
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incorrect

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have

grasp

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process

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discharge; or,

thoughts

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erfully
pow-

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primary psychic

incorrect

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are

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identity.

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But

suppressed thoughts

occupied by
and

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wish)

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(the car-

processes,

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THE
tions with

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gain

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to

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allow

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of childhood.

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of

life ; and

sexual

later

sexual

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gaps
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sexual

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formations.

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and

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forces

theory

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step beyond the demonstrable

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sexual

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in the

I will leave

postulate of

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developmental

constitution, which

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still demonstrable

for

with

asserts

original bisexuality,or

supply

introduction

be filled.

of

streams

period of development, and

psychoneurotic symptom

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hibitio
the in-

wish-feelings

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experience repression (emotional

These

from

really formed
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faculty of being revived,

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life

infantile

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to

tion.
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the fact that

from

transformation) during
period

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complete certainty
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ascribed

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consciousness.

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theory

ments
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same

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through laughter, if
thought

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primary

comical

215

necessarilyresults

of work

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Finally, I
an

REGRESSION

PROCESS"

dream;

have
in

of

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repression

whether
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already passed
assuming

that

the

DREAM

216

dream-wish

PSYCHOLOGY

will

Nor
in the

I further

and

symptoms,

for to do this

in

the

compared.

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played

dream

interpretation
special
To

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prompted
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dreams

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principles expressed

Daldis

deeply

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expectation.

moral

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reader's

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of

explanation

bisexuality;

awaken

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life

myself,

for

choose

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physician
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entangle myself

perversion
material

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Artemidoros
on

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Dreams.

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by

chapter

conviction

bound

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ideas

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Symbolism
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neuropathology

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psychosexual

of

dreams

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sure,

the

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by

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would

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with

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"repressed."

experience

always

not

was

in

to

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problems

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word

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in

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I

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hand

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have

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regard

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formation

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explicit knowledge

scious/
uncon-

ence
investigate the differ-

psychic forces

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play

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the

invariabty originates from

the

sexual

still

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in

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the

actuated
dreams

unexplained

reason

have

THE

PROCESS"

of this very

of

it is

the

psychological

such

the

relations
or,

difficult matter,

in

interpretationof

dream

of the

and

correct

the

content,
processes

that

essentiallythey

the

observed

processes

enfeeblement
that

the dreams
and

from

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of

the

phenomena

recognize that
by

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neuroses

of the
the
The

normal
two

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drawn

from

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when
as

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created

psychic life,but

structure

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The

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dreams

own

rejected

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sions
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draw

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patho-

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psychic mechanism

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comment.

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analogy

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faculties.

mental

healthy persons

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we

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deduction

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formation

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of

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formation, and

dream

and

be made

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proximat
ap-

mentary
frag-

elaboration

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of the

no

psychic

The

phenomenon,

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changes

show

with

easilypossible in

nevertheless

active

conceived

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abnormal

hystericalsymptoms.

an

an

tems,
sys-

repression.

question
is

as

the

fact

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I have

in

Whatever

manner.

in the

whether

correctness,

this

psychic

two

operation,and

immaterial

For

now

the

concerning

their modes

217

just undertaken

I have

point that

discussion

entire

REGRESSION

morbid

is found

use

turbance
dis-

ready

in

psychic apparatus.
censor

crossing be-

DREAJM

218

PSYCHOLOGY

them, the inhibition

tween

activityby

one

consciousness

the

interpretationof
stead

all these

"

belong

for

us

this

of

one

be

to

established,

exist

roads

shall

we

with

of psychic activity. The

this

of

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means

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night

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minimum
dream

gives

continues

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capable
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etically,
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according

ere

si nequeo

stantial
sub-

to

great

life.

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ber
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the

itself

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domination

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os,

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to

conspicuously display

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out

knowledge,

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cut

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pressed
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antagonistic ad-

consciousness
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compromise

formations.

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in their

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in all cases;

characteristics

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rect
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suppressed material;

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of

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manifestations

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whatever

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THE

At

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for

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plained
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tion

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"

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Disease

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of

composition

gone

is

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analysis

progress

mysterious

of

the

following

made

of

dreams

of

interpretation

knowledge

219

life.

psychic

the

the

rate

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In

REGRESSION

PROCESS"

forces

during

able
of
a

would

show

to

the

paratus
ap-

subtiliza-

be

possible
im-

IX

UNCONSCIOUS

THE

On

closer

apparatus

was

the
for

two

systems

but

of two

emotional

find

kinds

in

explained

the

for

us,

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whenever

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to

to

correct

long

as

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have

views

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formed
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unknown

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closelyto

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in order

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mean

new

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transference
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ously
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two

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systwo

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into

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scious
uncon-

the

fore-

penetrate consciousness,

second

localitylike
220

tion
posi-

"repression" and

terms
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us

be

regarded

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"penetration." Thus,

Let

we

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in

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approaching

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psychic apparatus,

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else

of

drop

to

reality.
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ourselves

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modes

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make

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istence
ex-

of

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end

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psychological

previous chapter.

REALITY

"

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CONSCIOUSNESS

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is to be

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UNCONSCIOUS"

THE
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better

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change

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struggle

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tempted by
of

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idea

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and

221

penetration into consciousness,

carefully to
When

REALITY

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chic
psy-

localized

system, but,
resistances

and

PSYCHOLOGY

DREAM

222

form

paths

correlate

the
that

Everything

become

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telescope produced by

light.

But

we

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and

have

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ternal
in-

our

the

psychic perception,corresponding

our

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justifiedin assuming

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to

image
of

passage

systems, which

of the

object

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virtual, like the

is

perception

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oretical
the-

the

opinionsgoverning present-day psychology

and

to test

of the
to

the

their relation
unconscious

authoritative

question
As

long

verbal

as

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from

the

abnormal

physician and

of

Lipps,

question

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settled this

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mental
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of

tion
ques-

logical
psycho-

psychology.

question with
is the

the

scious"
"con-

psychic occurrences"
a

mate
psychologicalesti-

gained by
states

less

"psychic"

contradiction,

observations

The

psychology is, according

"unconscious

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obvious

theories.

our

words

than

explanation

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in

psychology

and
are

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was

philosopher agree

the

physician

precluded.

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only when

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that unconscious

acknowledge
"the

appropriate

established

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with

shrug

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pursue

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to

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in this way

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psychic

which

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him

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of the person.

physician does

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munication
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this effect of

sciousness
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fering
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widely
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cannot

possibly recognize

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the

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the effect

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the

physician

right to penetrate, by
on

psychic process;

the effect

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exerted

admit

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psychic character

for himself

that

of

consciousness

observation.
show

singleintel?

force

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of deduction, from

process

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consciousness

on

substitute

reserve

of

subject and

same

that the most

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the

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perception
a

as

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internal

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the assertion

psychic life

excitingthe

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from

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science.

of

place without

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ject
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if his respect for the ut-

conviction

name

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the

refuse

physician cannot

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single analysis of

correct

The

same

ligent observation

and

justifiedexpression for

philosophers still be strong enough,

the

that he and

are

well-

assume,

may

223

psychic processes

of his shoulders

is the

psychic"; he
terings of

and

fact."

"consciousness

REALITY

UNCOXSCIOUS"

THE

consciousness

ness
conscioushe

learns
is

only

DREAM

224

PSYCHOLOGY

psychic product

remote

that the latter has not

and

it has

that

been

reaction

in any

from

condition

the

of

the

basis

of

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larger circle

circle of the conscious;

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full value
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ported

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as

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inner

realityof

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imperfectly

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of consciousness

through the indications

world

problems which

older

authors

oppositionbetween

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old

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world, and
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as

Lipps,

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nature

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ing,
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of consciousness

behavior

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the

of the unconscious

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conscious

life and

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place.

performances

have

Thus

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UNCONSCIOUS"

THE
admiration
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the

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Tartini's

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most
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much

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inclined

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munications
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highly productive

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perceptions almost

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conscious

lectual
intel-

the

to

Helmholtz,

essential

{cf.

The

character

productions.

Goethe

reached
is

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perform

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sonata

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settles activities of the

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of dream-work

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subtract

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in other

and

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probably

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and

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tation
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that this is the work

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Schemer,

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body,

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play

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thinking, which
If, according

day.
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seems

of the

we

the

225

be attributed

longer to

no

unconscious

to

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active

also

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REALITY

about

activityin other

the
cases

ished.
fin-

ance
assistwhere

DREAM

226

there

was

But

it is

PSYCHOLOGY

concerted

much

activitythat

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it

for

through

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the

history,a
dream,
with

regarded

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to

and

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coincide

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with

with
the

for
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on

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homage

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use
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so

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dened
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are

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cients
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logical
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mind, and

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demoniacal

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the

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chieftain

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the

psychic

exists

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The

doubt.

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curs
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quently
Conse-

of unconscious,

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incapable of consciousness, whereas

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The

hysterical

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as

Both
sense

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But
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theory

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Lipps

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far-reachingtheory

more

chic
psy-

is the

ones

energeticallydefended

and

contested

227

unconscious

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That

conscious.

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REALITY

UNCONSCIOUS"

THE

before

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ness,
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in order

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consciousness

unalterable

series

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of

DREA]\I

228
events

their

draw

to

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succession

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through

and

relations

and

consciousness.

bars

access

We

out

conscious
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and

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scribed
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super-

literature

recent

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psychoneuroses, for just such

emphasize

helped

the system

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subconscious
in

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sum

also steer

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by saying

The

betrayed

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voluntary motihty

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to

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comparison

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other

PSYCHOLOGY

the

so

on

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seems

to

psychic

and

the

conscious.
What

part

remains

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once

other

None

in

descriptionof

our

ness
all-overshadowing conscious-

than

that

of

sensory

for

organ

the

perception of psychic qualities.According

the

fundamental

can

conceive

idea
the

which

the

abbreviated

itself.
in its mechanical

of schematic

conscious

particular activityof

This

the

an

undertaking

we

as

the

independent system

for

perception only

"Cons."

designation

system

to

we

conceive

characteristics

to

the

mends
com-

to be similar

perception

of

retainingthe

the

sensory

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outer

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of

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on

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with

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elaboration

new

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pain

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soon

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material

from

organ

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ment,
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probably experiences
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comes

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conscious

interior

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perceived as

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dominate

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until it

are

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sensory

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apparatus

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for

principleof
to

seems

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to

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qualitativelydetermined,
a

to

relationship. We

which

from
sides,firstly

two

world

outer

apparatus.

flows

is turned

Cons.; the teleologicaljustification

of

organ

which, with

P-system,

world, is itself the

sensory

ble
incapa-

changes, i.e, it is devoid

psychic apparatus

organs

229

by qualitiesand
of

trace

The

memory.

here

excitable

P, hence

system
of

REALITY

UNCONSCIOUS"

THE

of the

of which

qualitativeseries of pleasure and

they

as

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philosophers,who

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and

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of
our

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perception relieves

us

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sible
pos-

system

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with

function

any

perfected psychic
Cons,

correct

cooperation of consciousness,

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consciousness

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that

learned

highly complicated thought

even

have

have

superfluous

process.

the

to

The
of

systems

of this embarrassment.

We

PSYCHOLOGY

DREAM

230

perception through

that

see

in
those

directing the

paths

the

is diffused; the

P-system
apparatus

as

claim

may
sensory

the

quahties, it

new

the
mobile

of

and

of

occupations

v/hich

normally

the

that

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within

of

the

influences

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the

psychic

paratus,
ap-

unconsciously

operates
of

of the

means

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quantities.

principleof pain

quite possible that

qualitiesadds
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may

second

first

regulates

position contrarj^
and
with

first and

the apparatus
its

the Hberation
that

activityof

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developing

neuropsychology
functional

and

to

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pain.

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the

by placing it

which
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for
is

learn

important part

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consciousness

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contribution

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pleasure and

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for

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to

ment
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perceptions
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on

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cupying
ocnected
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in

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to

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UNCONSCIOUS"

THE
of the
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automatisms.

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harmful

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through
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it has

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organ

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These

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gression
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quantity, is demonstrated

teleologicalconnection

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to

in occupation

rejected

regulating influence

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and

perceptions,

accomplished repressions.

value

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the

be

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of psychic

plished
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because

grounds.

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increase

be

to

conscious

less
neverthe-

with

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of

excitement
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failed to become

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repression which,

more

than

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are

inhibition

much

so

reminiscences

with

of

the

in their

rejectionof

domination,

For

and

control

originallyexpedient, terminates

though

only

231

automatic

with

regulations,which

sensible

in

The

organs.

primary principleof pain

mental

to

REALITY

man

are

more

ties
qualistitutes
con-

the

animals.

in themselves

devoid

over

excitements

of

pleasure

them, which,

pain accompanying

and

order

In

thought.
thev

in check

be. held

to

are

associated

are

the

upon

them

turn

endows

to

endow

in

man

The

manifold

the

from

with

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the

between

Unc.

certain

thought

of detention

with

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conclude

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attire

of

sciousness
con-

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reaching

that few

well

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the

intense

as

consultation

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psychoneurotic
intimate

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and

censor

these

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intelligent
was

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restriction

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of

transition

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with

as

points to

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shall

the occasion

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girl.

case

alysis
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Every possiblecase

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it.

consciousness,

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phenomena;
twofold

only

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to

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escape

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quantitativedegi^ee,

formations

analysis

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censorshipsimilar

and

act

in their

occupation

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censorship,too, begins to
of

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to

in

energy.

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impression that

draw

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foreconscious

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suffice to

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memories,

of consciousness

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verbal

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quality,

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hystericalmental

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entiretycan

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with

attention

thought

know,

we

as

possibledisturbances

as

qualitativeremnants

the

of

PSYCHOLOGY

DREAM

232

and
sciousness,
con-

psychological

such
a

occurrences.

few

years

ago

innocent-looking

strange; whereas

woman's

THE

garb

is usuallygroomed

of her

of her

stuck

her

made

colleaguein

complaint
it seemed

of the

been

of her

them

to

for the

As

words

to

so

innocent

in the
Another

her

of

tic

from

situation

phantasy

otherwise

he

would

requested

him

me

the

of

us

thought
must

idea

by

of the

have

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under

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at

described
no

would

lowed
al-

had

censor

mask

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admitted

was

would

have

mained
re-

foreconscious.

boy

began the psychoanalytic

of fourteen

years

who

was

ing
suffer-

convulsif,hystericalvomiting,

"c., by assuring him

eyes,

had

hearing

herself

she

successfullythat
a

thing
some-

This

both

To

as

fro and

On

the

example:

treatment

him.

lips.

complaint

consciousness

stiff.

course

she

or

Her

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looked

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if

as

and

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pass

deceived

and

to

the

repeatedly in

child.

import

of

matter;

body
to

one

words

patient'smother

the

in

pains

own

moved

body

quite plain

was

of

her

consultation

peculiarthat

nothing

an

whole

of her waist

two

in her

was

through

her

one

leg unrequested.

into it which

made

this,my

of

her

feelingin

tremble

sometimes

been

had

She

and

complained

complaint, however,

was

her

down

legs,and exposed

follows

have

She

opened.

233

last fold, she had

to the

stockingshanging

buttons

chief

REALITY

UNCONSCIOUS"

see

to

that, after

pictures or
communicate

have
to

ache,
head-

closing his

ideas, which
me.

He

I
an-

PSYCHOLOGY

DREAM

234

swered

received

revived

in his memory.
with

before
that

him.

Then

phantasy.
; next

Hkeness

in front

few

days

series

had

of

made

his

from

old

an

of the

boy's

the

boy

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tender

of the
later.

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lying

as

his

fourteen-year-oldboy
It

that

was

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had

composed

allusions.
reminiscence

from

The

the

of this

meaning

the

relations
of

case

methods
of

with

unhappily

mother,

sisted
con-

his

and

father
the

marrying
re-

day brought home

one

broke
anger

these

material

mj^thology.

illness

The

mamma.

suppressed

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on

parental home.

separation

new

to

by

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lived

delicate

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educational

threats; of the

moves

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w^ho

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tions
posi-

on

saw

was

It

father

crabbed

w^oman

young

then

distant

of his father, who

a

various

peasant

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game

board
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on

the

later I discovered

mother,
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of

ally
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was

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to

sion
impres-

played

saw

He

added

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me

pictures. Disagreeable family

strict and
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scythe

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to

unfavorable,

or

transferred

last

had

commented

the checker-board,

the

He

safe to make.

his father, but

grass

He

favorable

not

lying on

board

coming

his uncle, and

were

were

his

before

he had

of checkers

that

The

by describing pictures.

out

few

against his

pictures into
was

The

days

furnished
sickle

was

ther
fa-

ligible
intel-

by

the

UNCONSCIOUS"

THE
one

with

and

the likeness

which

the violent
whom

Zeus

wreaks

The

of his father

to

the child
the
a

into

I should

then

study

importance
and

cause
be-

We

with

dagger
have

here

long

remnants

pictures have

by devious

paths left

of dreams

our

of

of
a

find the theoretical

to

expect

in its contribution
and

in its

present

the

psychoneuroses ?
of such

knowledge

study

and

of
peculiarities
unconscious

of the

for

knowledge

some

the

individual

one

about
may

feelingsrevealed

by

the

when

forms

of

practical

the

ask, for psychic

discoveringof
character

an

produces

in the curable

What

chological
psy-

ture
struc-

psychic apparatus

of

state

to

foresee

can

thorough knowledge

activities of

value

preparation for

Who

neuroses.

happy therapeuticinfluence

value

the

senseless

of

guise

an

threats
made

their unconscious

consciousness

understanding

the

and

knowledge

even

boy

board;
genitals(the checker-

killed)

and

the

ner.
man-

them.

to

the

his

upon

the

gave

previouslybeen

with

be

may

which, under

of

had

and

unfilial

so

reproaches

prohibitive moves;

repressed memories

open

in
father

the

return

played

person

slipped

of the

which

"

his children

eats

vengeance

marriage

opportunity

which

who

scythe

represented Kronos,

of the peasant
man

235

his father ; the

castrated

Zeus

old

REALITY

the

Have
the

secret
not

dream

the
the

DREAM

236

PSYCHOLOGY

value

of real forces

take

lightly the
wishes

I do

feel

not

I have
the dream

thought

not

of

one

first have

should

of the
it seemed

dream

the

And

the words

does

Whether

any

still have

with

in

opinion that

actual

life.

offhand.

say

to

all transition

we

to

their

had

before
last and

do well to remember
of existence

must

us

be

in what

to

If

to

in

and

truest

that

attributed
I

be ascribed

am

intermediate

to the

ber
rememtents
con-

of

the

to

dreams.

to

the
not

conscious
un-

pared
pre-

naturally be

must

than

against

the wicked

freedom

sense,

what

man

therefore

thoughts.

wishes, brought

expression,we
more

cance
signifi-

of different

place to

the unconscious

the
He

not

was

which

am

Reality
"

it

the

all

who

Emperor.

this offense

that
I

at

because

the virtuous

it is best to accord

realityis

that

dream

been

dreaming

wishes, and

denied

if

of Plato, that

himself
man

probably

even

tions.
ques-

this side of

discover

to

significanceof

majesty, it would

these

upon

killed the

; most

dreams,

in the wrong

was

endeavored

to be.

had

content

further

subjects executed

that he had

latter dreamt

pressed
sup-

things?

Emperor
his

we

the

create

now

I believe,however,

problem.

ordered

they

as

justifiedin answering

the Roman

events

significanceof

other

create

Should

psychic life?

ethical

which,

day

some

may

in the

one

should

still

singleform

psychic reality.

UNCONSCIOUS"

THE
Action

and

man's

character.

placed

in the

the

practical need

Action, above

first rank;

into action; indeed, the

do

not

.encounter

is because

the

resistances

with

to become

from

itself to

And

about

consider.
a

knowledge
from

into

wish
the

dreamer

as

of that

the

dream

present, has

been

cally
dynami-

the

For

have

it.

dream

for
we

course,

to

not
can-

substitute:

the dream
be

To

reveals

the

iginates
or-

sure

future

By representingto

dream

this

the

acconmiodates

sense.

of truth.

but

For

would

inclined

past."

fulfilled the

future;
as

of

the past in every

entirelydevoid

is not
us

of the

soil

simple alternative,as

That, of

feels

belief that

ancient

the

One

it is instructive

raked-up

rarely

value
?

their way

on

moving

philosophy

of the future

converted

arise.

proudly

very

the

by real

of their meeting

the much

adjustment through

how

be

to

impulses

are

case

any

character

all directions

knowledge

"for

with

human

why they frequently

In

later.

antiquated moral

our

they

is certain

virtues

our

complication of
in

before

reason

familiar

which

of the

neutralized

are

unconscious

thought

judging

of

psychic obstacle

any

of

all, merits

for many

psychic life

of the

237

expression

consciousness

penetrating
forces

conscious

the

suffice for

mostly

REALITY

certainlyleads

future, taken
formed

past by the indestructible

into
wish.

by
the

us

the
ness
like-

DR

PSYCHOLOGY
for Beginners
Psychoanalysis
by
PROF.

Dr.

Author

of

FREUD

SIGMUND

of Dreams"
^^Interpretation

With

an

introduction

by

TRIDON

ANDRE

its History,
Author of "EasyLessons in Psychoanalysis,**
"Psychoanalysis,

Theory

and

Practice**

and Behavior'*
''Psychoanalysis
and

Here

''Psychoanalysis,
Sleepand Dreams."

is presentedto the

readingpublicthe gist

of Freud's psychologyin the master's own

words^ and
in a form which shall neither discourage
beginners,
nor

appear
in

elementaryto those who

psychoanalyticstudy.
too

are

more

vanced
ad-

Dream

psychology is the key to Freud's works

and to all modern
pact
psychology. With a simplecommanual such as "Dream
Psychology" there shall
no
for ignorance of the most
longer be any excuse
times.
revolutionary
psychological
system of modem

THE

JAMES

A. McCANN

COMPANY,

188-196 W. 4tliST.,NEW

^'^'^o'/H
*,v

YORK