Question # 01 (Part A):

Dated: 31-12-15

Quiz # 03

BEE-Fall 15 Semester

Consider a Causal and LTI- Continuous System is composed of three passive

components and has its configuration as described below:
A parallel combination of L = 1 H and C = 1 F is connected in series with resistance
R = (CIIT Regd. # ) ohms and is being energized by an input signal, x(t). An output
signal, y(t) is measured across C.
Determine:
i)

The input-output relationship

x t v R t y t R iR t y t

x t R i
dx t
dt

R 1

ii)

dt

dx t
dt

t iC t y t Diff . w.r .t
diL t
di t
dy t
C

dt

't '

dt

y t
d 2 y t
dy t

R
C

{
2

L
dt
dt
1
{

dx t
dt

d 2 y t
dy t
y t
R 1

dt
dt

The system transfer function, H(s)

Converting the developed input-output relation in s-domain by taking its Bilateral

Laplace Transform
R 1 sX s Y s s 2Y s R 1 sY s

R s X s s
1

Y s

iii)

R 1s 1 Y s

X s H s R 1s

R 1s 1

Its RoC and Stability

This may be answered easily by computing the poles of the system function. The
X-tic Eqn. is

X tic Eqn. s 2 R 1s 1 0
Dis B 2 4 AC R 2 4 or or 0
i ) R 2 4 1 4 R 2 R 2 1 4 0.5 R 0.5 Not possible
ii ) R 2 4 R 0.5 Not possible
iii ) R 2 4 R 0.5 Possible for all students , the poles are complex and lie in left half of s plane
s s1 , s2 0.5R 1 0.5 j 4 R 2
Thus, the given system is stable for all R and its RoC is : Re s > -0.5R -1
iv)

G
G

Its representation in Direct Form II and compute its hardware complexity

dx t

dt
dy t

dt

dy t

d2y t
2

dt

dt
dx t

y t where G R 1 Express dy t dt in terms of other var iables

dt
d2y t

dx t

dy t

dt

y t

d2y t

y t

dt
dt

2
dy t
d y t dq t
Let
q t

dt
dt 2
dt

dt

q t x t G q t q d

Question # 01 (Part B):

When the input to a DT-LTI system is
x[n] = (R-1)n u[n] + (R-1)n u[-n 1]

{
R 1
a
c

x n

X z

u n

u[ n 1]

1
1

; RoC RoC1 RoC2 a z b

1 az 1 1 bz 1

RoC1 : z a
X z

R
1
{
b

RoC 2 : z b

a b

z 1

1 az 1 bz
1

The corresponding output, y[n] is

y[n] = 5(R-1)n u[n] 5 (1 R-1)n u[n]
y n

5 {
R 1
a

1
u n 5 11
42 R
4
3
ab

u[ n]

1
1

; RoC max a , ab
1
1 abz 1
1 az

Y z 5

a 1 b z 1

Y z 5

1 az 1 abz
1

Determine:
i)

The system function, H(z) and its RoC

H z Y z X z 5

a 1 b z 1
1 az 1

1 abz 1

a b
1 az 1

z 1

1 bz 1

a 1 b
1 bz 1

1 bz 1

5 K
Y z X z ; RoC : z ab if R 1 and z a O.W

1
a b
1 abz 1

1 abz
1 4 2 43

H z 5

i)

The input-output relation

 1 bz 1
Y z X z Y z 1 abz 1 5K X z 1 bz 1
1
1 abz

5K

y n aby n 1 5K x n bx n 1

y n aby n 1 5K x n bx n 1
ii)

Its representation in various block-diagram forms

Direct Form I
Zeros are
implemented first
followed by the
poles of the
system

Direct Form II

Poles are
implemented first
followed by the
zeros of the
system. this will
enable us to use
the memory of the
system efficiently.
Hardware Requirements
Multipliers = 3
Multipliers = 3
Adders = 2
Adders = 2
Memory Elements Memory Elements
=2
=1
iii)

Cascaded /
Series

Parallel

Same as Direct
form II since it
comprises of two
subsystems of
zero and first
orders

First divide the

numerator by the
denominator to
convert it into a
proper fraction
and then it is
implemented in
parallel form

Same as Direct
Form - II

Multipliers = 4
Adders = 2
Memory Elements
=1

Which one representation will you choose and why?

From above analysis, we come to know that Direct form II or cascaded

representation of the system is more preferable to implement due to less
hardware requirements and efficient in speed.