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(2.1)
2.1.1
1
L' C '
L'
C'
(2.2)
(2.3)
For common RG-58 coaxial cable, the characteristic impedance is Z0 = 50 and the
phase velocity up = 2/3 c. (Note: c = speed of light = 3e8 m/s)
Question 1: For such a transmission line, what are the inductance and capacitance per
meter?
For lossless coaxial cables, the following formulas relate the differential inductance L
and capacitance C to the radius of the inner conductor a and the outer conductor b:
L'
b
ln
2 a
(2.4)
C'
2
b
ln
a
(2.5)
In p u t
T1
ZL
Load
50
1Vac
0Vdc
100
Z0 = 50
T D = { d e la y }
VG
P A R A M E T E R S :
d e la y = 5 n s
What is the time delay associated with /16? (Hint: Remember that
TD
L
L
up f )
Use SPICE to simulate the steady state AC response of this transmission line for length 0,
/16, 2/16, , 15/16, . Center your sweep on the frequency of interest and sweep
linearly.
1
1
Z L Z0
Z L Z0
(2.6)
(2.7)
Question 10: Plot the voltage magnitude at Load as a function of length. How does the
voltage change with length? From this, how do you think the power
delivered to the load will change with length?
2
2f
l
l
up
(2.8)
Thus, changing the length of a transmission line from l to 10l achieves the same effect as
scanning the frequency from 10f to f. Or to put it differently, if a transmission line is 1
at f0, then it is 0.5 long at 0.5f0 and 2 long at 2f0.
Question 11: If you have 1 meter of the coaxial cable described in question 4, at what
frequency does it have length /2? At what frequency does it have length
2.5? (Note that we are NOT changing the physical length of the line, only
its electrical length as defined above.)
Using a 1-meter length of transmission line, adjust your SPICE simulation,
sweeping linearly in frequency from 0.5 to 2.5 wavelengths. In this
simulation we are not adjusting the Length of the Line. We are adjusting the
frequency of the system so as to produce similar effects to adjusting the
length of the line.
ZG
In p u t
T1
ZL
Load
50
1Vac
0Vdc
100
Z 0 = 50
TD = 5ns
VG
Question14: Plot the magnitude of the voltage at Input. From the plot, find the VSWR.
From equations (2.6) and (2.7) calculate the VSWR. Do these two results
agree?
Replace the load with an open circuit, namely 1 M. (remember that in PSPICE, MEG
= mega, M = milli)
Question 15: Plot the magnitude of the voltage at Input. Find the VSWR. Also,
calculate the VSWR. Do these two results agree?