BUSINESS

STATISTICS
PROJECT

Submitted To:Sir. Asif Bhatti

Submitted By:Muhammad
Osama
(150042)

Muhammad
Basil
(150075)

Introduction:
METRO opened its first cash & carry wholesale center in Pakistan in 2007
& expanded to 5 wholesale centers in a short span of 18 months. In July
2012 METRO and Makro-Habib combined their wholesale business in
Pakistan marking the beginning of a long-term partnership to the mutual
benefit of both companies. The merger allowed METRO and Makro-Habib
to combine resources and gain the financial strength to lead and grow in a
challenging environment and to gain synergies targeted to generate value

for our customers and suppliers alike. Today the company is operating 9
wholesale centers in Lahore, Karachi, Islamabad & Faisalabad.
METRO-Habib Cash & Carry Pakistan is part of METRO GROUPs sales
division METRO Cash & Carry, the international leader in self-service
wholesale. The company operates more than 700 stores in 29 countries in
Europe, Asia and Africa and has a workforce of over 100,000 employees.
Sales in 2011 were approximately 31 billion Euro.
The company has a simple and efficient business concept: cash & carry
wholesale, which is defined through its customer base: only professional
customers are allowed to purchase at METRO-Habib Cash & Carry, all of
them duly registered and provided with a customer card. It is not a superor hypermarket chain for private consumption, but a modern form of
wholesale exclusively tailored to the needs of businesses and companies.
The core customers are small and medium-sized retailers as well as hotels,
restaurants and caterers. The company offers business customers a
comprehensive product range both in food and non-food and efficient
business solutions to enhance the customers competitiveness in their own
markets.
Head count of employees: 2300 approx
Wholesale centers: 09
Market Entry: 2007
METRO-Habib serves as a catalyst for growth by implementing a modern
trade infrastructure along the entire value chain: We offer local businesses
like small retailers and restaurants a reliable supply source of up to 90 %
locally procured goods as well as services to increase their
competitiveness. At the same time we implement a modern agricultural
supply chain resulting in reduction of wastage and better quality produce. In
Pakistan METRO e.g. established collection centers for local farmers
providing them with the opportunity to sell their produce directly at a fair
market price. Through efficient post-harvest handling methods introduced
by METRO a 95 % improvement in availability and quality was achieved.
While growing its business METRO-Habib will also enlarge its win-win
relationships with its suppliers: We reach out to local farmers and
producers by providing them with customized training programs to address
gaps in knowledge and technical skills helping them to grow in national and
international markets. Already 56 Pakistani companies underwent training

in the scope of the companies Star Farm initiative, resulting e.g. in 20

traceable products Made in Pakistan, that have been developed to
promote local produce for export.

Objective:
We are doing a survey on a customer preferences
choosing a metro cash & carry and customer satisfaction.

Concept:
The company has a simple and efficient business concept: cash &
carry wholesale, which is defined through its customer base: only
professional customers are allowed to purchase at METRO-Habib
Cash & Carry, all of them duly registered and provided with a
customer card. It is not a super- or hypermarket chain for private
consumption, but a modern form of wholesale exclusively tailored
to the needs of businesses and companies. The core customers
are small and medium-sized retailers as well as hotels,
restaurants and caterers. The company offers business
customers a comprehensive product range both in food and nonfood and efficient business solutions to enhance the customers
competitiveness in their own markets.

Methodology:
Survey type : filling out the questionnaires.
Sample size : n=25
Total locations : 01
Response rate : 90%

 Questionnaires were filled by families and

individuals.
Figures in charts and tables may not sum to 100%
due to rounding error.

Target population :
Locals of Islamabad and Rawalpindi and some foreigners.

Dimensions
Service
department

Quality

Customer
prefrences over
metro cash and
carry

Prices

Product
category

Questionnaire on Customer Preference

and Satisfaction from Metro Cash &
Carry
We are doing a survey on CUSTOMER PREFERENCES CHOOSING A METRO Cash &
Carry AND CUSTOMER SATISFACTION. We request you to cooperate in our research
survey by kindly filling up the following questionnaire.

1. Gender
__________________.

2. Household Income (PKR):

.
3. Age:

4. What are your monthly shopping Expense in Metro Cash & Carry (PKR) ?

.
5. Which products do you purchase more often in METRO Cash & Carry?
[A] Groceries

[B] Electronic Goods

[C] Apparels

[D] Others
6. Which source made you to buy product from METRO Cash & Carry?
[A] News paper

[B] F.M radio

[C] Television

[D] Friends/others
7. Why do you make purchase of products from METRO Cash & Carry?
[A] Low price

[B] Better Quality

[C] Variety of products

[D] Various Brands

8. Will METRO Cash & Carry provide more type of company products in one product
category?
[A] Yes

[B] No

[C] Not many

[D] None

9. How is the store space in METRO Cash & Carry for moving around for products?
[A] its free space

[B] not free space

[C] Small space

[D] congested

10. How is the customer service department in store, is it effective in providing

service?
[A] Fast service
service

[B] slow service

[C] not sufficient service

[D] not good

11. What are your intentions to re-enter the METRO Cash & Carry?
[A] Low prices

[B] product quality & availability

[C] customer service

[D] Seasonal offers & discounts

12. How is METRO Cash & Carry maintaining product QUALITY, QUANTITY compare
to other stores?
[A] Good

[B] normal

[C] Not good

[D] poor

13. Why customers visiting (went) to METRO Cash & Carry?

[A] General interest

[B] product interest

[C] buying interest

[D] Information seeking

14. Are you waiting for a long time at the billing section at METRO Cash &
Carry?
[A] Yes

[B] No

[C] Sometimes

[D] Often

15. I value products with high quality even if prices are slightly higher?

[A] Strongly agree [B] Agree [C] Neutral [D] Disagree [E] Strongly
disagree

Descriptive OF Q.2, Q.3 and Q.4

Descriptive Statistics
N

Minimum

Maximum

Mean

Std. Deviation

Household income

25

15000

175000

52600.00

40692.956

Age

25

19

56

32.20

10.198

25

3000

15000

6980.00

3480.541

Shopping expenses at Metro

on every month
Valid N (list wise)

25

Interpretation
Descriptive statistics are numbers that are used to summarize and describe
data. According to our survey the average income of the customers of Metro Cash and Carry is
52600.00 with average monthly shopping limit of 6980.00. People belong to all group of ages
come to Metro Cash&Carry for Shopping. So we conclude that people belong to different
classes preferred shopping from Metro Cash & Carry.

Regression (Q.2 & 4)

Variables Entered/Removeda
Model

Variables

Variables

Entered

Removed

Household

Method

. Enter

incomeb

a. Dependent Variable: Monthly shopping limit at Metro

b. All requested variables entered.

Model Summary

Model

R Square

.477

Adjusted R

Std. Error of the

Square

Estimate

.227

.194

3124.921

a. Predictors: (Constant), Household income

ANOVAa
Model

Sum of Squares
Regression

df

Mean Square

66141957.878

66141957.878

Residual

224598042.122

23

9765132.266

Total

290740000.000

24

Sig.
.016b

6.773

a. Dependent Variable: Monthly shopping limit at Metro

b. Predictors: (Constant), Household income

Coefficientsa
Model

Unstandardized Coefficients

Standardized

Sig.

Coefficients
B
1

(Constant)
Household income

Std. Error

4834.150

1034.618

.041

.016

Beta

.477

4.672

.000

2.603

.016

a. Dependent Variable: Monthly shopping limit at Metro

The regression analysis describes and explain the nature of relationship between
two or more variables keeping in view that one value is dependant and one or more
than one value is independent.
Dependant Variable: Shopping limit
Independent Variable: Household income
According to the equation

Y=a+bx
Y=4834.150+0.041x
There is a direct proportion between Income and shopping limit e.g if there is
increase in income the shopping limit will also increase.

Correlations

Correlations
Household

Monthly

income

shopping limit at
Metro

Pearson Correlation
Household income

.477*

Sig. (2-tailed)

.016

N
Monthly shopping limit at
Metro

25

25

Pearson Correlation

.477

Sig. (2-tailed)

.016

25

25

*. Correlation is significant at the 0.05 level (2-tailed).

Correlation is a statistical tool that is used to evaluate the strength of relationship

between the two variables. It explains how strongly or weakly that two variables are
associated with each other.
Household income and shopping limit at Metro have weak relationship i.e 0.477

Crosstabs (Q.5 & Q.6)

Case Processing Summary

Cases
Valid
N
Types of product purchased
* source

Missing
Percent

25

100.0%

Total

Percent
0

0.0%

Percent
25

Types of product purchased * source Crosstabulation

100.0%

Count
source
Newspaper

Types of product purchased

F.M radio

Total

Television

Friend/Others

Groceries

Electronic goods

Apparels

Others

12

25

Total

Chi-Square Test
Ho=There is no association between types of product purchased and source
H1=there is association between types of product purchased and source
Types of product purchased
Observed N

Expected N

Residual

Groceries

6.3

-.3

Electronic goods

6.3

1.8

Apparels

6.3

-2.3

Others

6.3

.8

Total

25

source
Observed N
Newspaper

Expected N

Residual

6.3

-2.3

F.M radio

12

6.3

5.8

Television

6.3

-1.3

Friend/Others

6.3

-2.3

Total

25

Test Statistics
Types of product

source

purchased
Chi-Square

1.400a

7.160a

.706

.067

df
Asymp. Sig.

a. 0 cells (0.0%) have expected frequencies

less than 5. The minimum expected cell
frequency is 6.3.

Our alpha is .05. If the Asymp. Sig. Chi-Square statistic is less than .05, there is
a relationship between the variables based on the level of confidence . As seen in the
table below, the Chi-Square significance value is . 0.706 and 0.067 which is greater
than our value of .05.
So we do not reject Ho and conclude that, there is a no relationship between
products types purchased and source.

Crosstabs (Q.8 & Q.9)

Case Processing Summary

Cases
Valid
N
Products in one product
category * storespacing

Missing
Percent

25

100.0%

Total

Percent
0

0.0%

Percent
25

Products in one product category * storespacing Crosstabulation

100.0%

Count
storespacing
Its free space

Not free sace

Total

Small space

Congested

Yes

Products in one product

No

category

Not many

12

None

12

25

Total

Chi-Square Test
Ho=There is no relationship between product category and store spacing
H1= There is relationship between product category and store spacing

Products in one product category

Observed N

Expected N

Residual

Yes

6.3

-1.3

No

6.3

-4.3

12

6.3

5.8

None

6.3

-.3

Total

25

Not many

storespacing
Observed N

Expected N

Residual

Its free space

6.3

-2.3

Not free sace

6.3

.8

Small space

12

6.3

5.8

6.3

-4.3

Congested
Total

25

Test Statistics

Products in one

storespacing

product
category
Chi-Square

8.440a

9.080a

.038

.028

df
Asymp. Sig.

a. 0 cells (0.0%) have expected frequencies less

than 5. The minimum expected cell frequency is
6.3.

Our alpha is .05. If the Asymp. Sig. Chi-Square statistic is less than .05, there is
a relationship between the variables based on the level of confidence . As seen in the
table below, the Chi-Square significance value is . 0.038 and 0.028 which is less than
our value of .05.
So we reject Ho and conclude that, H1= there is a relationship between product
category and store spacing.

Crosstabs (Q.11 & Q.12)

Case Processing Summary

Cases
Valid
N

Missing
Percent

Total

Percent

Percent

Intentions to re enter *
maintain product quality and

25

100.0%

0.0%

25

100.0%

quantity

Intentions to re enter * maintain product quality and quantity Crosstabulation

Count
maintain product quality and quantity
Good

Intentions to re enter

Normal

Not good

Total

Poor

Low prices

Product quality & availability

16

Customer service

Seasonal offers & discounts

13

25

Total

Chi-Square Test
Ho=There is no relationship between intentions to reenter and product quality and quantity
H1= There is relationship between intentions to reenter and product quality and quantity

Intentions to re enter
Observed N
Low prices

Expected N

Residual

6.3

-3.3

16

6.3

9.8

Customer service

6.3

-4.3

Seasonal offers & discounts

6.3

-2.3

Product quality & availability

Total

25

maintain product quality and quantity

Observed N

Expected N

Residual

Good

6.3

-1.3

Normal

6.3

-.3

13

6.3

6.8

Poor

6.3

-5.3

Total

25

Not good

Test Statistics
Intentions to re

maintain product

enter

quality and
quantity

Chi-Square

11.960a

.000

.008

20.600

df
Asymp. Sig.

a. 0 cells (0.0%) have expected frequencies less

than 5. The minimum expected cell frequency
is 6.3.

Our alpha is .05. If the Asymp. Sig. Chi-Square statistic is less than .05, there is
a relationship between the variables based on the level of confidence . As seen in the
table below, the Chi-Square significance value is . 0.000 and 0.008 which is less than
our value of .05.
So we reject Ho and conclude that, H1= there is a relationship between
intentions to reenter and product quality and quantity.

Crosstabs (Q.13 & Q.14)

Case Processing Summary

Cases
Valid
N

Missing
Percent

Total

Percent

Percent

why customers visiting to

metro. * prefer quality if

25

100.0%

0.0%

25

100.0%

prices are higher

why customers visiting to metro. * prefer quality if prices are higher Crosstabulation
Count

prefer quality if prices are higher

Strongly agree

Agree

Neutral

Disagree

Strongly
Disagree

Feel very satisfied

why customers visiting to

Satisfied

metro.

Not Satisfied

10

Total

Chi-Square Test
Ho=There is no association between customer visit and quality if prices are higher.
H1 =There is association between customer visit and quality if prices are higher.
why customers visiting to metro.
Observed N
Feel very satisfied

Expected N

Residual

6.3

.8

11

6.3

4.8

Not Satisfied

6.3

-.3

6.3

-5.3

Satisfied

Total

25

prefer quality if prices are higher

Observed N

Expected N

Strongly agree

5.0

-2.0

Agree

5.0

3.0

Neutral

10

5.0

5.0

5.0

-2.0

5.0

-4.0

Disagree
TestDisagree
Statistics
Strongly
Totalwhy customers

prefer quality
25if

visiting to metro. prices are higher

Chi-Square
df
Asymp. Sig.

8.120a

11.600b

.044

.021

a. 0 cells (0.0%) have expected frequencies less

than 5. The minimum expected cell frequency is
6.3.
b. 0 cells (0.0%) have expected frequencies less
than 5. The minimum expected cell frequency is
5.0.

Residual

Our alpha is .05. If the Asymp. Sig. Chi-Square statistic is less than .05, there is
a relationship between the variables based on the level of confidence . As seen in the
table below, the Chi-Square significance value is . 0.044 and 0.21 which is less than our
value of .05.
So we reject Ho and conclude that, H1= there is a relationship between
customer visit and quality if prices are higher.