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(H2 Only)
Supplementary Questions
Which pair of 0.1 mol dm-3 aqueous solutions is most likely to give a precipitate when
added together?
1.
A
B
C
D
[N00/III/13]]
SrSO4 is insoluble and is precipitated when solutions of MgSO 4 and SrCl2 are
mixed together
2.
A
B
C
D
compound
solubility product
AgBr
AgCl
AgIO3
Ag2CO3
3.
Hydrangeas are flowering plants which commonly have pink flowers. They produce
blue flowers only in soils which contain high concentrations of Mg 2+(aq). The pH of
well limed soil is 9, whereas the pH of peat-based soil is 6.5. The numerical value of
the solubility product, Ksp, of magnesium hydroxide is 1.8 x 10-12.
pOH = 14 9 = 5
[OH-] = 1.0 x 10-5 mol dm-3
1.8x1012
[Mg ] =
= 1.8 x 10-2 mol dm-3
5 2
(1.0x10 )
2+
1.8x1012
(3.16x108 )2
(iv) Deduce which of these types of soil favours good cultivation of blue hydrangeas.
Peat-based soil
[N99/II/2]
4(a)
(b)
Using the above results, explain the term common ion effect.
PbCl2 (s) Pb2+ (aq) + 2Cl- (aq)
--- (1)
The common ion effect is the effect on an equilibrium system caused by the
addition of a substance containing an ion, in this case Pb2+(aq) or Cl-(aq), that is
common with one in equilibrium (1).
Addition of Pb2+(aq) or Cl-(aq) will cause equilibrium (1) to shift to the left by Le
Chateliers Principle. Hence the solubility of the salt is decreased due to
common ion effect.
(c)
--- (2)
5.
Predict whether precipitation will occur when 50.0 cm3 of 0.0001 mol dm-3
magnesium nitrate solution is added to 200 cm3 of 0.001 mol dm-3 sodium hydroxide
solution. (Ksp of Mg(OH)2 = 1.20 x 10 11 mol3 dm-9)
[Mg2+] in mixture upon mixing =
50.0x0.0001
= 2.0 x 10-5 mol dm-3
250
200x0.001
= 8.0 x 10-4 mol dm-3
250
NH4+ + OH-
Cu2+(aq) + 2OH-(aq)
When aq. NH3 is added in excess, blue ppt of Cu(OH)2 dissolves to form a dark blue
solution due to complex ion formation as shown.
Cu2+(aq) + 4NH3(aq)
Cu(NH3)42+(aq)
dark blue
As Cu2+ ions are removed to form the soluble complex Cu(NH3)42+, equilibrium (1)
above shifts to the left to counteract the removal of Cu2+ ions, in accordance to Le
Chateliers Principle.
Thus, ionic product of Cu(OH)2 becomes smaller than its Ksp value. Hence, blue ppt
of Cu(OH)2 dissolves.
2012 leekl@vjc