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ClayMineralogyofShaleGasReservoirsthroughIntegratingInfraredSpectroscopyandXRayDiffractionOnePetro
ClayMineralogyofShaleGasReservoirsthroughIntegrating
InfraredSpectroscopyandXRayDiffraction
Authors
Averagefrom0ratings
HaniehJafaryDargahi(CurtinUniversity)|RezaRezaee(CurtinUniversity)|BobbyPejcic
(CommonwealthScientificandIndustrialResearchOrganisation(CSIRO))
DOI
http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/URTEC2013210
DocumentID
SPE168908MS
Publisher
SocietyofPetroleumEngineers
Source
UnconventionalResourcesTechnologyConference,1214August,Denver,Colorado,USA
PublicationDate
2013
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Summary
Thecompositionandstructureofclaymineralsplayamajorroleincontrollingthephysicalandchemicalpropertiesofshale.Understanding
therelationshipbetweenclaymineralogyandthephysicalparametersofshalesuchasthewettability,fracability,andpermeabilityiscrucial
incharacterizinganddevelopingashalereservoir.Typically,thehighertheamountofclaymineralspresentthelowerwillbethematerial
brittleness/fracability,whereasalowerclayabundanceisusuallyassociatedwithimprovedreservoirpermeability.Determiningtheclay
compositioninshalesisasignificantchallengeconsideringthechemicalcomplexityandheterogeneousnatureoftheshale.Inthispaper,
wereportonthepreliminarycharacterizationofPermoTriassicshalereservoirsamplesfromthePerthBasinusingFouriertransforminfrared
spectroscopy(FTIR)andXraydiffraction(XRD).ThesuitabilityandperformanceofFTIRandXRDfordeterminingclaymineralogywas
evaluated.BothFTIRandXRDrevealedthatkaolinitewasthedominantclayspeciesinmostofthesamplesfromthePermoTriassicshale
reservoir.ItwasshownthatXRDisabletoidentifyandquantifymanydifferentmineralsintheshalesamples,whileFTIRhelpedprovide
complimentaryinformationonsomemineralsalongwithinformationconcerningtheamorphousorganicmatter.
Introduction
TheextractionandproductionofgasfromshalehasbecomeanattractiveenergysourceinAustraliaoverthelastdecade.Therearea
numberoffactorsthatdetermineifaparticularshalewilldevelopintoagasresource.Thefollowingthreefactorshavebeensuggestedto
beimportantwithrespecttoashalegasbecomingasignificantresourceplay:a)organicmattercontent,typeandthermalmaturityb)pore
sizedistributionandporositypermeabilityrelationshipsandc)brittlenessanditsassociationwithmineralogyandrockfabric(Joshetal.
2012).Despiteimprovedconditionsforexplorationanddevelopment,therehasbeenverylittleactivityintargetingshalereservoirsinthe
PerthBasin(i.e.KockateaandCarynginiaformations).Thisformationiscurrentlybeingexploredasapotentialshalegasresource(Figure
1).
Anumberofpapershavebeenpublishedwhichshowthatthefluidflowandoilrecoveryaredeterminedbyrockproperties(Bustinand
Bustin,2012).Thephysical(i.e.,permeability,fracability,wettability)andchemicalpropertiesofshalerocksdependstronglyonthetype
andamountofclaymineralspresent.Clayparticlescanbedistributedinashaleaccordingtothreegenerallocationssuchasporelining
clays(mixedlayerclays),porebridgingclays(illite),anddiscreteparticles(kaolinite).AccordingtoMorrisandShepperd(1982)theclay
particlesizeisanimportantfactorinfluencingthepermeabilityofshales.Othershaveshownthatthewatercontentandtheswellingability
dependssignificantlyonthetypeofclaymineralspresent(BennionandThomas,1992).Ithasbeenfoundthatalowamountofclay
mineralsresultsinahighfracabilitywithinshales(Sondergeldetal.,2010).
https://www.onepetro.org/conferencepaper/SPE168908MS
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1/18/2016
ClayMineralogyofShaleGasReservoirsthroughIntegratingInfraredSpectroscopyandXRayDiffractionOnePetro
URTeC1619333
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NumberofPages10
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