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Gradele de comparatie
1.pozitiv = adjectivul nu se schimba
2.comparativ
- de inferioritate (2.1.)
- de egalitate (2.2.)
- de superioritate (2.3.)
3)superlativ
- relativ (3.1.)
- absolut (3.2.)
Adjectiv---------------------------------------Substantiv
big, small---------------------------------------size (masura)
long, short---------------------------------------length (lungime)
broad, narrow---------------------------------------breadth (largime pt ceva concret)
wide, narrow---------------------------------------idth (largime pt ceva abstract)
high, low---------------------------------------height (inaltime)
deep, shallow---------------------------------------depth (adancime)
heavy, light---------------------------------------weight (greutate)
strong, weak---------------------------------------strength (putere)..etc.
Constructii cu comparativul de egalitate:
as brave as a lion
as blind as a bat
as black as coal
as busy as a bee
as cool as a cucumber
as clear as daylight
as dry as a bone
as easy as ABC
as fresh as a daisy
as hairy as a gorilla
as mad as a hatter (palarier)
as poor as a church-mouse
as silent as a grave
as wise as Solomon
as soft as silk
as smooth as grass
as gentle as a lamb....etc.
extra - large
over - crowded
super - fine
ultra - short
priceless
Comparatia neregulata
good - better - the best
bad - worse - the worst
ill - worse - the worst
many - more - the most
much - more - the most
little - less - the least
near - nearer - the nearest (cel mai apropiat); next (urmatorul)
far - farther - the farthest (in spatiu)
far - further - the furthest (in timp)
late - later - the latest; the last (ultimul); the latter (ult din 2)
Dintre 2, primul este the former, nu the first.
up - upper - the upmost
in - inner - the inmost
out - outer - the outmost
fore - former - the foremost
old - older - the oldest
old - elder - the eldest (doar atributiv, pt membrii aceleiasi familii)
Ex: My elder brother is older than me. (fratele meu mai mare)
Adjectivul demonstrativ
1. anuleza articolul substantivului
2. invariabil ca forma (M/F)
3. se aseaza in fata substantivului pe care il determina
4. daca nu determina un substantiv devine pronume demonstrativ
"this" - aceasta, acesta (singular apropiere)
"these" - acestea, acestia (plural apropiere)
ambele merg cu "here".
"that" - acela, aceea (singular departare)
"those" - acelea, aceia (plural departare)
ambele merg cu "there".
! Indepartarea in spatiu presupune si indepartarea in timp. Deci "that" si "those" se vor cupla cu
trecutul.
Ex:
This book is good. (this = adjectiv, book = substantiv)
This is a good book. (this = pronume)
Adjectivul posesiv
1.
2.
3.
4.
Ex: My book.
Adjectivul interogativ
1.
2.
3.
4.
Adjectivul relativ
pozitie mediana
1.
2.
3.
4.
Adjectivul nehotarat
SOME = unii, niste, vreo, cativa
Utilizare:
ANY
Este inlocuitorul lui "some" in:
1. Propozitia interogativa la care nu stiu ce raspuns voi primi.
Ex: Is there any milk left?
1. In propozitia enuntiativa dar cu sensul de oricine, oricare, orice.
Ex: Any book is good for you.
1. In propozitia care contine un adverb negativ de genul: hardly, barely, scarcely (de abia,
cu greu, deloc).
Ex: I hardly eat any bread (nu mananc paine aproape deloc)
1. In propozitia care contine "if". (if = incertitudine)
! Daca e urmat de substantiv nenumarabil sau numarabil la plural are pozitie mobila.
Ex: I have enough money/money enough to be happy.
! Daca e urmat de substantiv numarabil la singular se aseaza dupa el.
Ex: He is man enough to understand me.