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January 2016
CAPITAL
DEVELOPMENT
CONTENTS
03
EDITORS NOTE
04
SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
GOALS
05
06
'
07
09
ON CLIMATE CHANGE
10
DEVELOPMENT IN INDIA
11
12
13
16
JANUARY 2016
PAGE 3
EDITORS'
NOTE
JANUARY 2016 - ISSUE 2
For this term s issue of Capital we wanted to choose a theme which was relevant to our A Level course but also appropriate for
the current economic climate. Having started learning about economic development at school, and trying to choose a topic
that would complement Geography and Economics Week we decided to base the articles for the magazine around
development. This issue of Capital looks at countries across the world at different stages of development, considers both the
positive and negative effects of development and studies the various factors that affect development levels. We have
considered a range of outlooks on the topic from the environmental impacts to the effects of migration.
'
We ve tried to look at the world around us and identify countries at very different stages of development. Focusing just on how
we re doing the UK is back on its feet after the 2008 recession and is continuing to grow steadily and the rest of the EU, apart
from a few exceptions, is still suffering from the 2008 crisis but is slowing starting to regain growth and business confidence
again.
Across the rest of the world, China s development has slowed slightly whilst India s has picked up. It is also quite exciting to see
how the MINT countries Mexico, Indonesia, Nigeria and Turkey are performing as well as seeing how countries newly
identified, as Tiger economies will do over the next few years. With political unrest and wars in some parts of the world holding
back economic development and oil prices having a large affect on certain countries it is fascinating to see how different
countries economic situations will change over the next few months and years and also how the nature of development will
change along with this.
BY GEORGIA MOSHEIM
Today we are living in a rapidly developing society. In 2015 alone, the global population increased by approximately 76 million
people, and is expected to hit 8 billion by 2024. Life expectancy in regions such as Africa and the Middle East are rising, with
infant mortality falling at a greater rate.
Development economics focuses not only on methods of promoting economic development, growth and structural change,
but also on improving the potential for the mass of the population, for example, through health and education and workplace
conditions, using both public and private channels. It involves the creation of theories and methods that aid in the determination
of policies and regulations and can be implemented at both a domestic and international level. Put simply, development
economics seeks to determine how poor countries can be transformed into prosperous ones. This branch of Economics is one
I am highly passionate about, as it seeks to improve the quality of life and living conditions of individuals in more impoverished
countries, whilst working with macroeconomic objectives to boost growth. When explored correctly, Development Economics
can bring long term and sustainable change to the worlds poorest nations.
We decided upon Development as the theme for our edition of Capital this term, as we felt it was an area of Economics that was
highly topical in todays rapidly growing society. The theme of Development allows us to focus closely on both the UK and the
international community, emphasising the way different nations are inextricably linked, as well as their ability to grow and
develop together. We hope you enjoy this issue as much as we enjoyed compiling it.
-
BY MINAL HAQ
JANUARY 2016
PAGE 4
JANUARY 2016
PAGE 5
BY RIANNA SHAH
BY GEORGIA MOSHEIM
JANUARY 2016
PAGE 6
THERE IS NO
ACCOUNTABILITY FOR
FAILURE
THERE IS OFTEN NO
INCENTIVE TO MAKE GOOD
USE OUT OF THE AID
PAGE 7
JANUARY 2016
FAMILY PLANNING
POLICIES IN CHINA
JANUARY 2016
PAGE 8
BY REBECCA FUNG
PAGE 9
JANUARY 2016
On Climate Change
History is here declared Francois Hollande
on 12th December, following the
finalisation of the 2015 UN Climate Change
Conference (COP 21) held in Paris, the first
ever multinational legally binding deal to
tackle global warming. With
representatives from 196 parties attending
and the entire event running for a long and
exhausting 12 days, the purpose of the
conference was to negotiate an agreement
regarding the actions that need to be taken
to reduce carbon dioxide emissions, known
as the Paris agreement.
JANUARY 2016
PAGE 10
DEVELOPMENT
IN
INDIA
I
ndia is one of the most populous
countries in the world with a population
in excess of 1.2 billion.
JANUARY 2016
PAGE 11
BY ANDREA WONG
JANUARY 2016
THE EASTERLIN
PARADOX
PAGE 12
JANUARY 2016
PAGE 13
BY GEORGIE LANE
JANUARY 2016
PAGE 14
PAGE 15
JANUARY 2016
BY AASHNI PATEL
JANUARY 2016
PAGE 16
JANUARY 2016
PAGE 17
BY DAPHNE RUTNAM
EDITORIAL TEAM
EDITORS
MINALHAQ&GEORGIAMOSHEIM
LAYOUTEDITOR
DIVEENANANTHAKUMARAN
JOURNALISTS
AMBERABRAHAMS
BINGIEDONG
REBECCAFUNG
GEORGIELANE
GEORGIAMOSHEIM
DAPHNERUTNAM
ISHASHAH
RIANNASHAH
ANDREAWONG