TECTONICS AND PETROLEUM

BASINS, INDONESIA

UPSTREAM TECHNOLOGY CENTER

BASIN CLASSIFICATION BASED ON PLATE TECTONICS

Classification of Bally dan Nelson (1980)
Classification of Kingston (1983) This classification

takes superimposition of one basin on top of the other

separated by unconformities

1. INTRA-CRATONIC/CONTINENTAL BASINS
Convergence
Divergence
Transvergence

2. CONTINENTAL MARGIN BASINS

Active continental margins (convergence/transvergence)
Passive continental margins (divergence)

3. OCEANIC BASINS
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INTRA-CRATONIC/CONTINENTAL
BASINS
1. Divergence
Rifting ----> grabens, half graben basins ---->synrift
sedimentation
Break-up -----> aulacogene basins -------> deltaic
sedimentation
2. Convergence
Collision (Suture related)
Foreland Basin
Hinterland Basin
3. Transvergence
Strike-slip (rift) basin
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CONTINENTAL MARGIN BASINS

Passive Margin (pinggiran passive)
Atlantic Type
Aulacogene type (Deltas)
Active Margin (Pinggiran Aktif)
Subduction/obduction
1.Back-arc Basin
2.Inter-arc Basin
3.Fore-arc Basin
Transcurrent Margin
1.Pull apart basins, (strike-slip basins

BASIN EVOLUTION
Sedimentary basins evolved from one to another type
Superimposition of various type of basin on top of the other occurs
Sedimentary sequences of various types of basin can be analysied in
tectono-stratigraphical sequences:

EVOLUTION OF BASINS:
RIFT TO FORELAND BASIN
RIFT-DRIFT-COLLIDE

EVOLUTION OF BASINS
RIFT BACK ARC
BASIN

THE CONCEPT OF COMPOSITE OR POLY-BASINS

DUE TO THE TECTONIC DEVELOPMENT A SEDIMENTARY BASIN CAN
BE COMPOSED OF DIFFERENT CATEGORIES OF SEDIMENTARY
BASINS
DIFFERENT TYPES OF SEDIMENTARY BASINS CAN BE PARTIALLY OR
ENTIRELY SUPERIMPOSED ON EACH OTHER.
For examples:
A half graben at the base is overlain by a back-arc basin
A rift basin is overlain by a passive margin basin, which in turn is overlain
by a carbonate platform, and the whole affair is compressed into a foreland
basin on top.
A BASIN WHICH FROM BASEMENT TO PRESENT-DAY DEPOSITIONAL
INTERFACE CONSISTS OF SEVERAL TYPES OF BASIN
SUPERIMPOSED OVER EACH OTHER IS CALLED A COMPOSITE BASIN
OR POLY-BASIN (Kingston, et al, 1981)

SUMMARY OF INDONESIAN REGION TECTONICS

YOUNG AND COMPLEX TECTONIC HISTORY
DIVIDED INTO TWO : WESTERN AND EASTERN TECTONIC PROVINCES
WESTERN DOMAIN (SUNDALAND)
ASIAN AFFINITY
CONVERGENT MARGIN SINCE MEZOSOIC (
OIL PRONE BASINS
EASTERN DOMAIN
AUSTRALIAN AFFINITY
PASSIVE MARGIN UNTIL LATE MIOCENE, THEN COLLISION
NUMEROUS MICROTECTONICS
GAS PRONE BASINS

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INVOLVING

TECTONIC SETTING OF INDONESIAN REGION

ACTIVE TECTONICS REGION

INTERACTION OF THREE
MAJOR PLATES
COMPLEX TECTONIC
HISTORY
DIVIDED INTO WESTERN AND
EASTERN INDONESIA

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TECTONICS MODEL OF WESTERN

INDONESIAN REGIONS

HAMILTON (1979) Non Rotational Model

TAPPONIER (1986) - Indentation Tectonics
DALY et al. (1991) Clockwise Rotation Model
HALL (1996) Counter Clockwise Rotation Model
PARKINSON et al. (1998) Micro-continent
WAKITA et al., (1999) Micro-continent
SAPIIE et al., (2003) East Java Micro-continent

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India- Asia Collision

Based on Extrusion Model
Tapponier (1986)

Development and Distribution

of Western Indonesia
Paleogene Basins
Andaman Sea Opening
Sumatra Fault Zone
(SFZ) Dextral System

TAPPONIER (1986) - Indentation Tectonics

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TECTONIC EVOLUTION OF WESTERN INDONESIA

DALY et al. (1991) Clockwise Rotation Model

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CENOZOIC TECTONIC EVOLUTION OF SE ASIA

HALL (1996) Counter Clockwise Rotation Model

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TERTIARY BASIN AGES

Hall (2005)

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TECTONIC PROVINCES AND STRUCTURAL TRENDS-EASTERN INDONESIA

OIL/GAS FIELD
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TECTONIC PROVINCES AND STRUCTURAL TRENDS-EASTERN INDONESIA

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BASIN REQUIREMENT FOR HYDROCARBON

GENERATION AND ACCUMULATION

1. Presence of source rock, depending on the basin

configuration and type of basin.
2. Maturation which depends on heat-flow/ thermal
history, age of the sediments
3. Presence of reservoir rock and trapping conditions.

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SEDIMENTARY THICKNESS

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HEAT FLOW MAP OF INDONESIAN REGION

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