Series-Parallel Circuit

January 28, 2016

Name: Egnal, Arturo Jr. R

Group Members:
Esta, Leorenz Marc A.
Garcia, Jordan Andrew V.
Predilla, Daniel C.
Belen, Nomer S.
Jimenez, Patrick S.
Supan, Roneil. D.

Objectives

To gain experience analyzing and verifying, by measurements, the characteristics

of series-parallel resistive circuits.

To increase understanding of the relationship of voltage, current and resistance in a

series-parallel circuit

To learn to compute currents through the use of voltmeter readings.

To have experience how to use Kirchhoffs Law of Current and Voltage on this
statement.

Conclusion
As a conclusion, for the current from digital reading of multimeter must be tally with the
manual calculation by using Ohms law and Kirchhoffs laws.

Discussion

An electrical circuit is a combination of two or more electrical components which are

interconnected by conducing paths. This circuit is neither simple series nor simple
parallel. Rather, it contains elements of both. The current exits the bottom of the battery,
splits up to travel through R3 and R4, rejoins, then splits up again to travel through R1
and R2 then rejoins again to return to the top of the battery.
There exists more than one path for current to travel, yet there are more than two
sets of electrically common points in the circuit. Because the circuit is a combination of
both series and parallel, we cannot apply the rules for voltage, current, and resistance
across the table to begin analysis like we could when the circuits were one way or the
other. For instance, if the above circuit were simple series, we could just add up R1
throughR4 to arrive at a total resistance, solve for total current, and then solve for all
voltages drops. Likewise, if the above circuit were simple parallel, we could just solve
for branch currents, add up branch currents to figure the total currents, and then
calculate total resistance from total voltages and total current. However, this circuit's
solution will be more complex.

Equipment
(1) Adjustable DC Power Supply

Model: PS-303TD

(1) Digital Multimeter

Model: DT9205A

(4) Resistors

Srn: 400948

1 k
1.2 k
1.5 k
2.2 k

(1) BreadBoard

Data Tables

Voltage

Theory

Measured

Deviation

Va

6V

5.93 V

-1.17 %

Vb

4V

4.07 V

1.75 %

Vc

4V

4.07 V

1.75%

Table 7.1

Current

Theory

Measured

Deviation

R1

0.006 A

0.01 A

66.67 %

R2

0.003 A

0.002 A

-33.33 %

R3

0.004 A

0.002 A

-50.00 %

Measured

Deviation

Table 7.2

Voltage

Theory

Vb

10 V

10 V

-0.4 %

Vc

2.4 V

2.49 V

3.75 %

Vd

3.0 V

3.05 V

1.67 %

Ve

4.4 V

4.56 V

3.64 %

Measured

Deviation

Table 7.3

Current

Theory

Source

0.012 A

0.008 A

-33.33 %

R1

0.002 A

0.002 A

0%

R2

0.002 A

0.002 A

0%

Table 7.4

For Table 7.1

Va

Theory

Vb

Measured

Vc

3
Voltage

For Table 7.2

R1

Theory

R2

Measured

R3

0.01

0.01

0.01

0.01

Voltage

For Table 7.3

Vb

Vc

Theory
Measured

Vd

Ve
0

0.5

1.5

2.5

3.5

4.5

For Table 7.4

Source

Theory
Measured

R1

R2

0.01

0.01

0.01

0.01

0.01

Those graphs represent the difference between their theory and measured value.

Formulas and Laws used in this experiment

Deviation = [(measured-theory)/theory)]
Kirchoffs Law of Voltage: Vacrossbranches = 0
Kirchoffs Law of Current: Iacrossbranches = 0

Ohms law for checking (Vt = It x Rt)

For Series; vt = v1 + v2 + v3 + + vn , it = i1 = i2 = i3 = in , rt = r1 + r2 + r3
For Parallel; vt = v1 = v2 = v3 = vn, it = i1 + i2 + i3 + .. + In, 1/rt = 1/r1 + 1/r2 + 1/r3 +
. + 1/rn.

Questions
1. Are KVL and KCL satisfied in Tables 7.1 and 7.2?
Yes
2. Are KVL and KCL satisfied in Tables 7.3 and 7.4?
Yes
3. How would the voltages at A and B in figure 7.1 change if a fourth resistor equal
to 10k was added in parallel with R3? What if this resistor was added in series
with R3?
4. How would the currents through R1 and R2 in figure 7.2 changes if a fifth resistor
equal to 10k was added in series with R1? What if this resistor was added in
parallel with R1?
> Current B and C are divided because of the loop in the circuit. If the resistor added
with 10k it will not go through because you need a high voltage to flow through a
high resistance.