Midterm Review

Name___________________________________
Date ___________________ Block __________

AP Statistics

Ms. Gavin

MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.
Classify the variable as categorical or quantitative.
1) The number of people on a jury
A) Categorical

B) Quantitative

2) The verdict of a jury

A) Quantitative

B) Categorical

3) The color of your house

A) Categorical

B) Quantitative

SHORT ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question.
Describe the distribution (shape, center, spread, unusual features).
4) The histogram shows the cost of living, in dollars, in 32 U.S. cities.

Create the requested display for the data.

5) In a college health course, 49 students participated in a physical fitness assessment. One measure used in the
assessment was body fat. The body fat percentages for the 48 students is broken into two groups, men and
Compare
women.
1. Create a back-to-back stem-and-leaf display of the data. Use split stems.
2. Compare
2. Describe both distributions
3. Give the 5# summary for both and determine if there are any outliers.
4. Draw side by side boxplots.
Men's Body Fat (%)
20
15
9
14
16
17
14
16
21
19

12
8
13
20
19

7
21
8
12
18

16
14
19
14
23

Women's Body Fat (%)

33
28
15
28
18
18
25
24
27
27

25
20
35
19
21

26
29
16
11
30

30
27
21
25

MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.
Provide an appropriate response.
6) The advantage of making a stem-and-leaf display instead of a dotplot is that a stem-and-leaf display
A) preserves the individual data values.
B) A stem-and-leaf display is for quantitative data, while a dotplot shows categorical data
C) satisfies the area principle.
D) shows the shape of the distribution better than a dotplot.
E) none of these

SHORT ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question.
Solve the problem.
7) Do men and women run a 5 kilometer race at the same pace? Here are boxplots of the time (in minutes) for a
race recently run in Chicago. Write a brief report comparing what these data show.

8) Here are summary statistics for the normal annual precipitation (in inches) for 21 different U.S. cities.
Count Mean Median StdDev Min Max Q1 Q3
21
23.9
22.7
12.2
5.1
51.7 14.7 30.3
Would you describe this distribution as symmetric or skewed?Justify.

Find the number of standard deviations from the mean. Round to the nearest hundredths.
9) The average number of babies born in Ellensurg each year is 267 with a standard deviation of 29. How many
standard deviations from the mean is a year with 385 babies born?

Solve the problem.

10) The mean weight of babies born in Central hospital last year was 6.3 pounds. Suppose the standard deviation
of the weights is 2.1 pounds. Which would be more unusual, a baby weighing 4 pounds or a baby weighing 8.5
pounds? Explain.

Draw the Normal model and use the 68-95-99.7 Rule to answer the question.
11) Assuming a Normal model applies, a town's average annual snowfall (in inches) is modeled by N(48, 9). Draw
and label the Normal model. About what percent represents snowfall of less than 57 inches?

12) Assuming a Normal model applies, a town's average annual snowfall (in inches) is modeled by N(46, 2). Draw
and label the Normal model. What percent of snowfall is between 40 inches and 42 inches?

Solve the problem. Round to the nearest tenth.

13) Based on the Normal model for car speeds on an old town highway N(77, 9.1), what is the cutoff value for the
highest 15% of the speeds?

14) Based on the Normal model for car speeds on an old town highway N(77, 9.1), what is the cutoff value for the
lowest 30% of the speeds?

Answer the question.

15) A magazine publisher mails a survey to every subscriber asking about the quality of its subscription service. The
total number of subscribers represents what?

16) A magazine publisher mails a survey to every subscriber asking about the quality of its subscription service.
Mailing a survey to every subscriber represents what?

MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.
17) A magazine publisher mails a survey to every subscriber asking about the timeliness of its subscription service.
The publisher finds that only 4% of the subscribers responded. This 4% represents what?
A) The sample
B) The sampling frame
C) A census
D) The sampling method
E) The population parameter of interest
18) A magazine publisher will mail a survey to 14% of its subscribers that will be chosen at random. The survey
asks about the quality of its subscription service. All of the subscribers, who have an equal and random chance
to be chosen for this survey, represent what?
A) The sampling method
B) The population parameter of interest
C) The population
D) The sampling frame
E) A census
SHORT ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question.
19) Mr. Smith works at a computer consultant company that provides technical information to computer
departments of various manufacturing companies. Mr. Smith is alarmed at the number of spyware programs
on the internet. Mr. Smith attempts to call every one of his clients only to ask (yes or no) if they have had any
known problems with spyware infections on their computers or network. With regards to Mr. Smith's attempts
to contact his clients for information about infections, what is the population?

Provide an appropriate response.

20) A blockbuster movie had just premiered on exactly 1859 screens throughout the country. Within the first week,
a few theaters were chosen at random, and then theater management interviewed approximately 5% of the
theatergoers at those selected theaters. All these theatergoers loved the movie, therefore management decided to
increase the number of showings per week. Identify the type of sampling used in this example.

21) A newly-premiered play just ended that evening at a local theater. Theater management briefly interviews
every fifth person leaving the theater to see if that person will recommend the play at that theater to other
people. Identify the type of sampling used in this example.

Identify the bias.

22) Management at a post office is curious about its services in one particular zip code area. Every address within
that zip code, including business and residential, is mailed a survey inquiring about the post office's quality of
service. The post office does receive a respectable 19% response rate to the survey. What, if any, is the most
noticeable bias for this survey?
23) Management at a particular post office wants to know about the quality of its face-to-face service at its
customer service windows. For one week, the post office will ask the customers directly. After a customer is
helped, a different employee asks the customer a short question about his or her customer service experience.
The customer's comments are then transcribed by a secretary. This survey runs smoothly and a lot of customer
comments are collected. What, if any, is the most noticeable bias for this survey regarding customer service at
this post office for that week?
A designed experiment is described. Identify the specified element.
24) 780 participants suffering from depression were randomly assigned to one of three groups. Over a four-month
period, the first group received a low dosage of an experimental drug, the second group received a high dosage
of the drug, and the third group received a placebo. At the end of the period each participant rated their mood
on a scale of 1-10. Identify the subjects, the factor(s), the levels, the treatments, and the response variable.

MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.
Determine whether the experiment is single-blind, double-blind, or neither.
25) 780 men suffering from high blood pressure were randomly assigned to one of two groups. Over a four-month
period, the first group received an experimental drug and the second group received a placebo. A larger
decrease in diastolic blood pressure was observed for those who received the drug. The patients did not know
whether they were receiving the drug or the placebo. Neither the technicians administering the treatments nor
the physicians evaluating the results knew which participants had received the drug and which the placebo.
A) Single-blind
B) Double-blind
C) Neither
SHORT ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question.
Design an appropriate experiment or study.
26) A manufacturer of tennis rackets has designed a new racket and would like to compare it to their previous
design. Suggest an appropriate experiment.

27) A nutritionist has come up with a new diet that she believes will allow overweight people to lose weight more
quickly than the diet she had previously prescribed for patients. She suspects that the new diet may be more
effective for women than for men. Design an appropriate experiment.

MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.
Solve the problem.
28) The probability that a student at a certain college is male is 0.47. The probability that a student at that college
has a job off campus is 0.32. The probability that a student at the college is male and has a job off campus is
0.12. If a student is chosen at random from the college, what is the probability that the student is male or has an
off campus job?
A) 0.91
B) 0.55
C) 0.79
D) 0.67
E) 0
29) A survey of the male students at a junior college reveals that, 27% play soccer regularly, 28% are Latino, and
half of the Latino students play soccer regularly. If a male student is selected at random, what is the probability
that he is neither Latino nor a soccer player?
A) 0.31
B) 0.86
C) 0.45
D) 0.59
E) 0.27
Find the indicated probability.
30) A group of volunteers for a clinical trial consists of 78 women and 71 men. 18 of the women and 22 of the men
have high blood pressure. If one of the volunteers is selected at random find the probability that the person has
high blood pressure given that it is a woman.
A) 0.231
B) 0.121
C) 0.450
D) 0.523
E) 0.268

31) At a California college, 19% of students speak Spanish, 7% speak French, and 4% speak both languages. A
student is chosen at random from the college What is the probability that the student speaks Spanish if she
speaks French?
A) 0.220
B) 0.571
C) 0.040
D) 0.211
E) 0.030
32) You are dealt a hand of three cards, one at a time. Find the probability that your cards are all face cards.
A) 0.250
B) 0.010
C) 0.025
D) 0.012
E) 0.013
SHORT ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question.
Determine whether the events are independent and give a reason.
33) A group of volunteers for a clinical trial consists of 86 women and 70 men. 18 of the women and 17 of the men
have high blood pressure. Are high blood pressure and gender independent? Explain.

MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.
Use a tree diagram to find the indicated probability.
34) 3.3% of a population are infected with a certain disease. There is a test for the disease, however the test is not
completely accurate. 94% of those who have the disease will test positive. However 4.4% of those who do not
have the disease will also test positive (false positives). What is the probability that any given person will test
positive? Round your answer to three decimal places if necessary.
A) 0.492
B) 0.031
C) 0.074
D) 0.94
E) 0.043
SHORT ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question.
Find the standard deviation of the random variable.
35) A teacher grading statistics homeworks finds that none of the students has made more than three errors. 13%
have made three errors, 27% have made two errors, and 40% have made one error.
a. Draw a probability distribution and find the mean and the standard deviation of the number of errors in
students' statistics homeworks.

b. If a random sample of 30 students was selected, what is the probability that their mean # of errors was 2
or more?

Solve.

36) Janet is planning to rent a booth at a festival for a day to sell clothes that she has made. She sells jackets for $180
and skirts for $115. Her past experiences suggests that sales of jackets will have a mean of 7.3 with a standard
deviation of 1.8, and sales of skirts will have a mean of 14.00 with a standard deviation of 3.0. The cost of renting
the booth for the day is $190. What are the mean and standard deviation of her net income?
[Hint: you should first define random variables and use them to express her net income]

Provide an appropriate response.

37) A large corporation sponsors bowling leagues for its employees. The mean score for men was 154 pins with a
standard deviation of 9 pins, while the women had mean score 144 pins and standard deviation 12 pins. At the
end of the season the league holds a tournament that randomly pairs men and women as opponents in the first
round. Assuming that the scores follow a normal model, what is the probability that the woman scores higher
than the man?

MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.
Find the indicated probability.
38) An archer is able to hit the bull's eye 71% of the time. If she shoots 10 arrows, what is the probability that her
first bull's-eye comes on the 4th arrow? Assume each shot is independent of the others.
A) 0.02439
B) 0.01732
C) 0.71
D) 0.10379
E) 0.00502
Solve. Round to two decimal places if necessary.
39) Suppose that in one city, 72% of cars parked at meters still have time remaining on the meter. How many cars
should a meter maid expect to check before finding one at an expired meter?
A) 72
B) 0.72
C) 28
D) 1.39
E) 3.57
Find the probability of the outcome described.
40) A tennis player makes a successful first serve 55% of the time. If she serves 10 times, what is the probability that
she gets at least 3 first serves in? Assume that each serve is independent of the others.
A) 0.0274
B) 0.0746
C) 0.9726
D) 0.8980
E) 0.1020

SHORT ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question.
Provide an appropriate response.
41) A basketball player usually makes 57% of his free shots. Tonight he made 9 shots in a row. Is this evidence that
he is on a winning streak? That is, is this streak so unusual that it means the probability he makes a shot must
have changed? Explain.

MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.
Find the indicated probability by using an appropriate normal model to approximate the binomial distribution
42) People with O-negative blood are called "universal donors" because O-negative blood can be given to anyone
else regardless of the recipient's blood type. About 6% of people have type O-negative blood.
A clinic is running a blood drive. If at least 220 O-negative donors give blood, the clinic will have sufficient
O-negative blood for the coming month. If 4000 donors come to the blood drive, what's the probability that the
clinic will not have sufficient O-negative donors?
A) 0.4641
B) 0.1312
C) 0.0915
D) 0.9085
E) 0.1093
Provide an appropriate response.
43) A supermarket claims that their checkout scanners correctly price 99.8% of the items sold. How many items
would you expect to buy, on average, to find one that scans incorrectly?
A) 998
B) 200
C) 500
D) 99.8
E) 2
SHORT ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question.
44) State public health officials claim that 18% of adults currently smoke cigarettes. What is the probability that
there are at least 8 smokers among our sample of 30 people?

45) Safety officials hope a public information campaign will increase the use of seatbelts above the current 70%
level. Their efforts include running radio and TV ads, putting up billboards, having police officers appear on
talk shows, and getting newspapers to indicate whether people injured in accidents were belted in. After several
months they check the effectiveness of this campaign with a statewide survey of 560 randomly chosen drivers.
407 of those drivers report that they wear a seatbelt. Does the survey result suggest that the
education/advertising campaign was effective? Explain.

46) A game is played with 2 strange dice.

The six faces of Die A show a 1 and five 3's.

Die B has four 2's and two 6's.

Create a probability model for the total you get when you roll both dice.

MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.
Find the specified probability, from a table of Normal probabilities. Assume that the necessary conditions and
assumptions are met.
47) A hair stylist believes the distribution of her tips has a model that is slightly skewed to the right, with a mean of
$10.50 and a standard deviation of $6.25. What is the probability that her 15 clients this weekend will tip an
average of less than $12?
A) 0.2371
B) 0.1762
C) 0.8238
D) 0.4052
E) 0.5948
SHORT ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question.
Provide an appropriate response.
48) Suppose 16% of students at one college speak Spanish. You wish to investigate how many students speak
Spanish among 6 students selected at random from the college. Describe how you would use random numbers
to simulate the number of Spanish speakers among the 6 students.

49) A bag contains 6 marbles of which one is red and the remainder are blue. You pick one marble at random from
1
the bag . The chance is that you pick the red marble. You then return the marble to the bag and draw again.
6
You want to know how many times you might have to draw before getting the red marble. Describe how you
would use random numbers to simulate the number of draws until you get the red marble.

10

Solve the problem.

50) For a particular miniature golf hole, the chance of getting a hole-in-one is only 18%. The chance of sinking any
subsequent putt is 50%. Estimate the average number of putts for this hole. Use 30 runs in your simulation.

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