ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT

POLITEKNIK KOTA KONABALU, SABAH

ET601 POWER PROTECTION SYSTEM

LAB 3: OPERATING OF ACB
OBJECTIVE

To obtain knowledge about an ACB.

THEORY
This is a standard industrial LT switchboard but specially adapted to function as a training unit.
It enables switchgears, instruments and protective gears used in normal switchboard to be
demonstrated and their functions explained. It is an excellent practise unit for students to study
its circuitry, dismantle and reassemble component parts, rewire, fault simulations and troubleshooting. Unit is mobile with heavy-duty castors. Components doors/ covers are hanged and
can be opened manually by finger-operated screws.

SPECIFICATION
Input: 240/415 VAC, 60A, 3 phase, 50Hz
Output:
Power: 4 x 32A TP&N
Lighting: 4 x 6A SP&N
Instruments & protective gears
o 1 x Air Circuit Breaker 600A, TP&N, with shunt trip coils.
o 1 x Ammeter 100A/5A with selector switch.
o 1 x Voltmeter 500V with selector switch
o 1 x Earth Fault Relay.
o 1 x Frequency Meter.
o 1 x Power Factor Meter.
o 1 x Maximum demand Indicator.
o 2 x Emergency Buttons.
o 1 x KWH Meter 3 phase.
o 1 x KWH Meter 1 phase.
o 4 x Circuit Breaker 32A TP
o 4 x Circuit Breaker 6A SP
o 4 x Socket Outlet 5 pin.
o 4 x Socket Outlet 3 pin.
o 1 set Protective fuses.
o 1 set Copper Bus Bars 1/4 X 1
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ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT

POLITEKNIK KOTA KONABALU, SABAH

o 1 SET Indicating Lights.

o 1 set Currents Transformers.
o 1 set input, socket, plug and cable.

PROCUDERS
1. All the ACB, circuit breaker & isolator must be in OFF position.
2. A visual check had be carry out for all the switchboards, to make sure no foreign object
is on the busbar and wires that can cause a short circuit to the system.
3. Calibrate all the meters and instruments if necessary.
4. Always switch OFF all the switchgear and locked all the isolator.
OPERATION PROCUDERS
1. ACB energizing procedure.
a. Charge the spring by pumping the handle.
b. Once the spring is fully charged, depress the CLOSE button to connect the
ACB to the line. (Observation 1)
c. To disconnect the ACB, press the TRIP button. (Observation 2)
2. For single phase Kilowatt Hour Meter simulation operation.
a. Ensure no other load apply to the 3 phase 5 pin switch socket outlet.
b. Energize the ACB
c. Switch ON the 60A DP MCB that connected to the single phase kilowatt Hour
Meter.
d. Connect load/ loads to the 13A switch socket outlet.
e. Observe the disc rotation. (Observation 3)
f. Always shutdown the ACB after completing simulation.
3. For three phase Kilowatt Hour Meter simulation operation.
a. Ensure 60A DP MCB that connected to the single phase kilowatt Hour Meter is
OFF.
b. Energize the ACB
c. Connect load/ loads to the 30A 5 pin switch socket outlet.
d. Observe the disc rotation. (Observation 4)
e. Always shutdown the ACB after completing simulation.

DISCUSSION
Part A:
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ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT

POLITEKNIK KOTA KONABALU, SABAH

Table 1
Observation 1

Observation 2

Observation 3

Observation 4

Part B:
Zone Selectivity, applicable to short circuit protection function to allow one to obtain
shorter trip times for the circuit breaker closest to the fault than in the case of time based
selectivity. The word zone is used to refer to the part of an installation between two circuit
breakers in series. Every circuit breaker which detects a fault, communicates this to the
circuit breaker upstream using a simple connection wire. The fault zone is the zone
immediately downstream of the circuit breaker which detects the fault but does not receive
any communication from those downstream. This circuit breaker opens without waiting for
the delay set. All ratings of C-Power ACBs with SR21/SR21E/SR61C releases allow one to
obtain zone selectivity as explained below.
A, B, C, D and E are breakers with SR21/ SR21E release and are interconnected in cascade
as below. Short time delays are as indicated to achieve discrimination between upstream
and downstream breakers. When a fault occurs in zone Z, breaker E trips after a delay of
100ms*, and breakers C and A follow delays of 200ms* and 300ms* respectively if
required.

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ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT

POLITEKNIK KOTA KONABALU, SABAH

a) Explain which breaker will trip if fault at Y occurs.

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b) Explain which breaker will trip if fault at X occurs.

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ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT

POLITEKNIK KOTA KONABALU, SABAH

Part C:
Convert the following diagram into single line diagram.

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ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT

POLITEKNIK KOTA KONABALU, SABAH

Single Line Diagram

CONCLUSION
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