Year 5/6 Science

Dissolving

Fill in the spaces using

the words below
An atom is the very smallest _______
building block.
Some of the parts that make up an atom
carry a special property called a ______.
There are t wo types of this property
which are called ________ or ________.
NEGATIVE, CHARGE, POSITIVE, CHEMICAL,

Balancing charges
If like charges repel and opposites attract, which
of these molecules will stay together?

If you have 5 + charges and 4 - charges, fill in the

picture below so they fit without breaking up

Atoms being snooty

When things get hotter do the atoms move
a: Faster or b: Slower
Atoms or molecules which have unbalanced
charges will try and mix with
a:Other unbalanced charges
b:Balanced charges
Atoms or molecules which have all their charges
balanced will try and mix with
a:Other balanced charges
b:Unbalanced charges
c:Neither really

Dissolving Experiment
In this experiment we tested a number
of substances to see if they mixed or
dissolved
Our materials were
Vegetable Oil, Water, Washing Up Liquid,
Vinegar, Sand, Brown Sugar, Flour, Salt
Our apparatus included
Boiling Tubes, boiling tube rack, pipettes,
spatulas

Results Table (Dissolved or Not?)

Water
Water
Oil
Vinegar
Wash L
Sand
Flour
Sugar
Salt

Oil

Vinegar

Wash L

What have we found?

Salt and sugar dissolve in water, vinegar and washing up
liquid.
This is because all of these things have unbalanced
charges which means they can interact with each
other
Oil doesnt mix with water or vinegar, but is broken up
into tiny droplets by the washing up liquid
Washing up liquid has a charge at one end and a long
tail with balanced charges at the other. This means it
can mix with the oil and the water at the same time

Good Words for the Day

Hydrophobic
A water repelling substance (which would
have balanced charges)
Hydrophilic
A water mixing substance (which would have
some unbalanced charges)
Emulsion
A fine dispersion of minute droplets of one
liquid in another

Separating Solutions
and Mixtures
In this experiment we tested the same mixtures
and solutions from our previous experiment to
see if if we could separate them out again
Our materials were
Vegetable Oil, Water, Washing Up Liquid, Vinegar,
Sand, Brown Sugar, Flour, Salt
Our apparatus included
Boiling Tubes, boiling tube rack, pipettes,
spatulas, filter paper, funnels, watch glasses

Separating Experiment
There are a total of 22 different solutions or
mixtures. These will be split among the class.
Each group will be given a number of filter
papers which need to be labelled with their
names, the date and the mixture they are
trying to separate
The filter papers need to be folded and put into
funnels and then the solutions pass through
into boiling tubes.

Separating Demonstration
There are a total of 22 different solutions or
mixtures. These will be gently heated by the
teacher.
What will happen? Will the heat help
separate the mixtures?

Filter Results Table

(Separated or Not?)
Water
Water
Oil
Vinegar
Wash L
Sand
Flour
Sugar
Salt

Oil

Vinegar

Wash L

Heating Results Table

(Separated or Not?)
Water
Water
Oil
Vinegar
Wash L
Sand
Flour
Sugar
Salt

Oil

Vinegar

Wash L

What did we find?

Filter paper separates substances based on their
size (in much the same way as a sieve does)
This means that things that have not dissolved
(the sand or the flour for example) will stopped by
the paper
Those that have been dissolved have been broken
up by the water so they are so small that they
pass straight through the paper

So what else can we use

to separate things
Have you ever played a game called 20 questions? The idea is
that you have to try and guess an object by asking just 20
questions (when you only get a yes or no answer)
Separating substances is a bit like this game only you have to
know the right questions to ask (and of course how to get the
answers)
Are you bigger than this?
Do you have lots of charges?
Can you stick to this particular substance?
Do you dissolve in this substance?
Are you magnetic?
What temperature do you boil or freeze?

What temperature does

this evaporate?
This demonstration shows how you can simply separate
t wo substances based on when they evaporate
Take 4 of the mixtures that we have seen before
Water and Salt
Water and Brown Sugar
Water and Sand
Water and Flour
And we heat these over a bunsen flame.
What do you think will happen?

Separating by size
...(the very small)
Here we are going to see how we can separate out even
very small things using just a piece of paper.
We are used to seeing a drop of water spreading out on
a piece of paper as it soaks in
We are going to separate out the components of black
ink using a process called chromatography.
How do you think that this works?

Draw a picture of what

you find