I.

Objective
a. To determine the ultimate strength of the reinforcing steel bars when subjected to bending
load.
b. To examine the reinforcing steel bars physical conditions.

II. Introduction
The experiment conducted is bend test of a steel bar, the test is done under the UTM
machine using a three point pt. bend test, because of the ductile property of the metal. If the test
is about brittle objects then the 4 pt. bend test is utilized, it helps determine the ultimate strength
that a brittle object can absorb until it breaks, while on the 3 point bend test we try to identify the
flectural strengths of the material. We utilized two specimens, steel bars, same as the previous
experiment, the plain and the deformed metal. Same procedures were also taken, just like
identifying the weight, nominal area, diameter etc. The experiment did not take that much time,
and did not need that much of work, just observation and understanding of the principle is
enough.
III. Apparatus
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.

Shimadzu Universal Testing Machine UH-A-C Series

Flexure Bending Table Apparatus
Flexure Bending Punch
Steel Tapes
Digital Caliper
Weighing Scale

IV. List of Procedures

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.

Prepare plain and deformed round bar specimens.

Determine the weight of each specimen
Determine the nominal diameter of each specimen.
Determine the actual cross sectional area for both bars (plain and deformed).
Determine the average space of lugs, height of lugs, and summation of lugs.
Record the data acquired.
Put the plain round reinforce bar on the UTM and let the machine bend the bar.
Repeat step 7 but with the deformed round bar specimen.
Inspect the bent portion for any indication of cracking on the outside bend.

Figure
1(left
to
right)- weighing of the steel bar, getting the diameter for the plain steel bar, diameter for
deformed, setting up the UTM, placing the specimen, bend test, output of bendtest

V. Final Data sheet

= 8.5
=180-
=180-8.5
=171.5

PLAIN STEEL BAR

DEFORMED STEEL BAR

= 13.5
=180-
=180-13.5
=164.5

Engineering Materials and Testings Laboratory

Experiment No.: 3

SCHOOL OF
MECHANICAL
ENGINEERING

BEND TEST OF REINFORCING STEEL BARS

Preliminary Data Sheet
Name: Claros, Jan Vernon B.

Date:

Section: B1

Group No.:

Steel Bar Classification

01-28-16
1

Deformed

Plain

Length of Specimen (mm)

201

192

Weight of Specimen (kg)

0.289

0.348

Nominal Diameter (mm)

15.72

17.34

194.08

236.15

Average Height of lugs (mm)

1.50

---

Gap of lugs (mm)

3.07

---

Average Spacing of lugs (mm)

6.92

---

2
Nominal Cross-sectional Area ( mm )

Degree of bend ( )

166.5

171.5

Distance between support (mm)

120

120

Punch Diameter (mm)

30

30

20.6141

20.0266

Bending Stress (KPa)

1,621,540

1,408,200

Physical Condition

No Cracks

No Cracks

Good

Good

Bending Load (Maximum , KN)

Remarks

Sample Solution
Deformed
Nominal Cross-Sectional Area

A d = d 2= ( 15.72 )2 =194.08 mm2

4
4

Plain
Nominal Cross-Sectional Area

A d = d 2= ( 17.34 )2=236.15 mm2

4
4

Degree of Bend

Degree of Bend

=180

=180

180 13.5 =166.5

180 8.5 =171.5

M deformed

M plain

F max L ( 20.614 ) ( 120 )

=
4
4

F max L ( 24.0266 )( 120 )

=
4
4

618.923 KNmm

720.798 KNmm

I deformed

I plain

4
4
4
d = ( 15.72 ) =2,997.64 mm
64
64

4
4
4
d = ( 17.34 ) =4,437.79 mm
64
64

Bend Stress

Bend Stress

Mc 618.923(7.86)
=
x 1000000
I
2997.64

Mc 720.798(8.67)
=
x 1000000
I
4437.79

1,621,540 KPa

1,408,200 KPa

VI. Discussion
So why do we conduct bend test? Bend test is the method that could evaluate the ductility
and the brittleness of materials, depending on the method used, but although useful, it cannot be

thoroughly considered as a quantitative means to predict the service performance of the material.
It is a simple and inexpensive way to evaluate the soundness and ductility of a material. Strain
applied on the material depends on the diameter on the puncher, but at the same time the
diameter varies the strength and ductility of a material.
Bend test is also utilized to test in welding, it is to ensure that the weld and the base
material is properly welded together, it is used a lot in the industry to ensure a proper weld on the
material.

VI. Conclusion
Although simple, bend test is an important test that can be used that is simple and
inexpensive to test the ductility of the material, it is utilized in the industry mostly on welded
materials, but in out lab we would be doing that later on. For now we observed the basic to
understand the bend test. The test itself is really simple, but the data that came out from the test
helps in how the material will be used, and to predict how it will react on actual application.

MAPUA Institute of Technology

School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering

ME136P/B1

Experiment no.3
Bend Test of Reinforcing Steel Bar

Claros, Jan Vernon B.

2012210345

February 4, 2016
January 28, 2016