University of Cebu College of Law

Constitutional Law 2
Instructor:
Atty. Ria Lidia G. Espina

Course Outline
III. Bill of Rights
A. Definition/scope
1. Civil rights
2. Political rights
Simon vs. Commission on Human Rights, G.R. No. 100150, January 5, 1994
B. Due process of law
1. Who are protected
Smith Bell and Co. vs. Natividad, 40 Phil 163
Villegas vs. Hiu Chiong, 86 SCRA 275
2. Meaning of life, liberty or property
Philippine Blooming Mills Employees Organization vs. Philippine Blooming Mills Co.,
50 SCRA 189
Nunez vs. Averia, 57 SCRA 726
Crespo vs. Provincial Board
Republic vs. Rosemore Mining and Development Corporation, G.R., 149927, March 30,
2004
Pedro vs. Provincial Board of Rizal, 53 Phil 123
Chavez vs. Romulo, 431 SCRA 534
Canlas vs. Napico Homeowners, G.R. No. 182795, June 5, 2008
Luque vs. Villegas, G.R. No. L-22545, November 28, 1969
3. Aspects of due process
a. Substantive due process
US vs. Toribio, 15 Phil 85
Churchill vs. Rafferty, 32 Phil 580
Rubi vs. Provincial Board of Mindoro, 39 Phil 660
Binay vs. Domingo, G.R. No. 92389, September 11, 1991
Agcaoili vs. Felipe, 149 SCRA 341
Lupangco vs. Court of Appeals, 160 SCRA 848
Balacuit vs. Court of First Instance, 163 SCRA 182
BANAT vs. Comelec, 595 SCRA 477
People vs. Siton, 600 SCRA 476
White Light Corporation vs. City of Manila, 576 SCRA 416

b. Procedural due process

Imelda Romualdez-Marcos vs. Sandiganbayan, G.R. No. 126995, October 6,
1998
Rivera vs. Civil Service Commission, 240 SCRA 43
People vs. Medenilla, G.R. No. 131638-39, March 26, 2001
Cruz vs. Civil Service Commission, G.R. No. 144464, November 22, 2001
Assistant Executive Secretary vs. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. 76761, January 9,
1989
Bautista vs. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. 157219, May 28, 2004
Mariveles Shipyard vs. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. 144134, November 11, 2003
Chua vs. Court of Appeals, 278 SCRA 33
Suntay vs. People, 101 Phil 833
Co vs. Barbers, 290 SCRA 717
Secretary of Justice vs. Lantion, G.R. NO. 139465, October 17, 2000
Government of US vs. Purganan, G.R. No. 148571, September 24, 2002
Government of Hongkong vs. Olalia, G.R. 153675, April 19, 2007
Tanada vs. Tuvera, 146 SCRA 446
Tropical Homes vs. NHA, 152 SCRA 540
Serapio vs. Sandiganbayan, G.R. No. 148468, January 28, 2003
Go vs. Court of Appeals, 206 SCRA 138
c. Due process in administrative proceedings
Ang Tibay vs. CIR, 69 Phil 635
d. Due process in school proceedings
Guzman vs. National University, 142 SCRA 699
Gonzales vs. National Labor Relations Commission, G.R. No. 125735, August
26, 1999
C. Equal Protection of the Laws
People vs. Cayat, 68 Phil 12
Mirasol vs. DPWH, G.R. No. 158793, June 08, 2006
Philippine Association of Service Exporters vs. Drilon 163 SCRA 386
Conference of Maritime Manning Agencies vs. POEA, 243 SCRA 666
Ichong vs. Hernandez, supra
Almonte vs. Vasquez, 244 SCRA 286
People vs. Jalosjos, G.R. No. 132875-76, February 3, 2000
International School Alliance of Educators vs. Quisumbing, G.R. No. 128845, June 1, 2000
Abakada Guro vs. Purisima, G.R. No. 166715, August 14, 2008
Nicolas vs. Romulo, 578 SCRA 438
Ormoc Sugar Co. vs. Treasurer of Ormoc City, 22 SCRA 603
D. Arrest, Searches and Seizures
Sony Music vs. Judge Espanol, G.R. No. 156804, March 14, 2005
People vs. Marti, G.R. No. 81561, January 18, 1991
Waterous Drug Corporation vs. NLRC, G.R. No. 113271, October 16, 1997
Requisites for a valid warrant
2

1. Probable cause
1
2
3
4

Microsoft Corporation vs. Maxicorp, G.R. NO. 140946, September 13, 2004
Corro vs. Lising, 137 SCRA 541, July 15, 1985
Burgos vs. Chief of Staff, 133 SCRA 800, December 26, 1984
Webb vs. De Leon, G.R. No. 121234, August 23, 1995

1. Determination by a judge
1 People vs. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. 126005, January 21, 1999
2 Salazar vs. Achacoso, 183 SCRA 145
3 People vs. Bolasa, G.R. NO. 125754, December 22, 1999
4 Qua Chee Gan vs. Deportation Board 9 SCRA 27 (1963)
Al Morano vs. Vivo 20 SCRA 562
Mr. Averongonzado Republic vs. Sandiganbayan, G.R. Nos. 112708-09, March 29, 1996
2. Personal examination
1
2
3
4
Al
Al
Al

Soliven vs. Makasiar, G.R. No. 8287, November 14, 1988

Kho vs. Makalinta, G.R. No. 94902-06, April 21, 1999
Alvarez vs. Court of Appeals, 64 Phil 33 (1922)
People vs. Mamaril, G.R. NO. 147607, January 22, 2004
Lim vs. Felix, G.R. No. 94054-57, February 19, 1991
Cruz vs. Judge Areolo, A.M. No. RTJ-01-1642, March 06, 2002
Okabe vs. Judge Gutierrez, G.R. No. 150185, May 27, 2004

3. Particularity of description
1 Bache and Co. vs. Ruiz, 37 SCRA 823 (1971)
2 People vs. Tee, G.R. Nos. 140546-47, January 20, 2003
3 People vs. Veloso, 48 Phil 169 (1925)
4 Pangandaman vs. Casar, 159 SCRA 599 (1988)
Microsoft Corporation vs. Maxicorp, supra.
Burgos vs. Chief of Staff, supra.
Frank Uy vs. BIR, G.R. No. 129651, October 20, 2000
Allowable warrantless searches
Warrantless search incidental to a lawful arrest
1
2
3
4
1
2
3
4

People vs. Estella, G.R. No. 138539-40, January 21, 2003

People vs. Nuevas, G.R. No. 170233, February 22, 2007
People vs. Kalubiran, 196 SCRA 645
People vs. Aruta, G.R. No. 120915, April 13, 1998
People vs. Malmstedt, 196 SCRA 401
People vs. Chua Ho San, G.R. No. 128222
People vs. Hindoy, G.R. No. 128277, November 16, 1998
Espano vs. Court of Appeals, 288 SCRA 558

Seizure of evidence in plain view

1
2
3

People vs. Musa, 217 SCRA 597

People vs. Figueroa, 248 SCRA 679
Caballes vs. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. 136292, January 15, 2002
3

4 People vs. Nuevas, G.R. No. 170233, February 22, 2007

Al People vs. Salanguit, G.R. No. 133254-55, April 19, 2001
Search of vessels and aircraft
Al Roldan vs. Arca, 65 SCRA 336
People vs. Aminnudin, 163 SCRA 402
People vs. Saycon, 236 SCRA 325
Search of a moving vehicle
1
2
3
4

Valmonte vs. De Villa, 178 SCRA 211

Cabales vs. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. 136292, January 15, 2002
People vs. Libnao, G.R. No 136860, January 20, 2003
People vs. Vinecario, G.R. No. 141137, January 20, 2004

Customs search
Stop and frisk

1
2
3
4
Al

Terry vs. Ohio, 392 U.S. 1

Posadas vs. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. 89139, August 2, 1990
People vs. Solayao, G.R. No. 119220, September 20, 1996
Malacat vs. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. 123595, December 12, 1997
Manalili vs. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. 113447, October 7, 1997
People vs. Sy Chua, G.R. Nos. 136066-67, February 4, 2003

Exigent and emergency circumstances

People vs. De Gracia, 233 SCRA 716
Guanzon vs. De Villa, 181 SCRA 623
Searches of passenger at airports
People vs. Gatward, 267 SCRA 785
People vs. Susan Canton, G.R. No. 148825, December 27, 2002
Waiver
1
2
3
4
1
2
3

People vs. Omaweng, 213 SCRA 462

People vs. Correa, 285 SCRA 679
People vs. Barros, 231 SCRA 557
Lui vs. Matillano, G.R. No. 141176, May 27, 2004
People vs. Damaso, 212 SCRA 457
Lopez vs. Commissioner of Customs, 68 SCRA 320
People vs. Asis, G.R. No. 142531, October 15, 2002

Allowable warrantless arrest

1
2
3
4
1

Umil vs. Ramos 187 SCRA 311

People vs. Sucro 195 SCRA 388
People vs. Recepcion, G.R. No. 141943, November 13, 2002
People vs. Rodrigueza, 205 SCRA 791
People vs. Molina, G.R. No. 133917, February 19, 2001
People vs. Sy Chua, G.R. No. 136066-67, February 4, 2003
2 People vs. del Rosario, G.R. No. 127755, April 14, 1999
4

3
4
4
4

Go vs. Court of Appeals, 206 SCRA 138

People vs. Gerente, 219 SCRA 756
Padilla vs. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. 121917, March 12, 1997
People vs. Abriol. G.R. No. 123137, October 17, 2001

Exclusionary rule
Demaisip vs. Court of Appeals, 193 SCRA 373
People vs. Diaz, G.R. No. 110829, April 18, 1997
E. Privacy of Communications and Correspondence
1
2
3
4
1
2
3
4

Gaanan vs. IAC, 145 SCRA 113 (1986)

Ramirez vs. CA, G.R. No. 93833, September 28, 1995
Salcedo-Ortanez v. CA, 235 SCRA 111 (1994)
Alejano v. Cabuay, G.R. No. 160792, August 25, 2005
In Re Laureta, 148 SCRA 382 (1987)
People vs. Albofera, 152 SCRA 123 (1987)
Zulueta v. Court of Apeals, 253 SCRA 699 (1996)
Waterhouse Drug Corporation v. NLRC, G.R. No. 113271. October 16, 1997

F. Freedom of Expression, Assembly and Petition

1. Scope
Dichotomy between print and broadcast media
Chavez vs. Secretary Gonzales, G.R. No. 168338, February 15, 2008
2. Aspects
Freedom from censorship or prior restraint
Burgos vs. Chief of Staff 133 SCRA 800
UNIDO vs. COMELEC, 104 SCRA 17, April 3, 1981
Osmena v. COMELEC, 288 SCRA 447, March 31, 1998
National Press Club vs. COMELEC, 207 SCRA 1 (1992)
Adiong vs. COMELEC, 207 SCRA 712 (1992)
ABS-CBN vs. COMELEC, G.R. No. 133486, January 28, 2000
Social Weather Station vs. COMELEC, G.R. No. 147571, May 5, 2001
Sanidad vs. COMELEC, 181 SCRA 529
Mutuc vs. COMELEC, G.R. No. L-32717, November 26, 1970
Movie Censorship
Gonzales vs. Katigbak, 137 SCRA 717
Lagunzad vs. Sotto Vda. De Gonzales, 92 SCRA 476
Ayer Productions vs. Judge Capulong 160 SCRA 861
Iglesia ni Cristo vs. Court of Appeals, 259 SCRA 529
Viva Productions vs. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. 123881, March 13, 1997
MTRCB vs. ABS-CBN, G.R. No. 155282, January 17, 2005
Freedom from subsequent punishment
2. Content-based and content-neutral regulations
Chavez vs. Secretary Gonzales, G.R. No. 168338, February 15, 2008
5

Newsounds Broadcasting Network vs. Dy, G.R. No. 170270, April 2, 2009
Soriano vs. Laguardia, G.R. No. 164785, April 29, 2009
3. Test of valid governmental interference
a. Clear and present danger rule
b. Dangerous tendency rule
c. Balancing of interest test
People vs. Perez, 45 Phil 599 (1923)
Cabansag vs. Fernandez, 102 Phil 152
Gonzales vs. COMELEC, 27 SCRA 835
Eastern Broadcasting Corp. vs. Dans, Jr., 137 SCRA 628
4. Unprotected speech
Article 353, Revised Penal Code
Ledesma vs. Court of Appeals
Flor vs. People, G.R. No. 139987, March 31, 2005
U.S. vs. Kottinger, 45 Phil 352
Miller vs. California, 37 L. Ed. 2Nd 419, 431 (1973)
Fernando vs. Court of Appeals, G.R. No. 159751, December 6, 2006
5. Assembly and Petition
B.P. Blg. 880 (Public Assembly Act of 1985)
J.B.L. Reyes vs. Bagatsing, G.R. No. L-65366, October 25, 1983
Dela Cruz vs. Court of Appeals, G.R. Nos. 126183, March 25, 1999
Ruiz vs. Gordon, 126 SCRA 233
Bayan vs. Ermita, G.R. No. 169838, April 23, 2006
Malabanan vs. Ramento, 129 SCRA 359