UNIVERSITI TUNKU ABDUL RAHMAN

Centre
Course
Year
Trimester

: Centre for Foundation Studies

(CFS)
: Foundation in Science
: Year 1
: Trimester 3

Session

: 201501

Unit Code
Unit Title

: FHSC 1024
: Thermodynamics
Electromagnetism

and

Additional Tutorial 5: Thermodynamics

1.

When 1210 J of heat is added to one mole of an ideal monatomic gas, its temperature
increases from 272 K to 276 K. Find the work done by the gas during this process.
[Answer: +1160 J]

2.

A gas sample expands from V0 to 4.0V0 while its pressure decreases from p0 to p0/4.0
as shown in figure above. If V0 = 1.0 m3 and p0 = 40 Pa, how much work is done by
the gas if its pressure changes with the volume via
(a)
path A,
(b)
path B and
(c)
path C?
[Answer: (a) +120 J; (b) +75 J; (c) +30 J]
3.

An ideal gas undergoes the process abca as shown in figure above. The heat gained in
process ab is 546 J, while in process bc the system loses 62 J. In process ab the
system performs 310 J of work, while in process ca work is done on the system in the
amount of 223 J. How much heat is gained by the system in process ca?
[Answer: 397 J]
4.

When water is boiled at a pressure of 2.00 atm, the specific latent heat of vaporization
is 2.20 106 J/kg and boiling point is 120 C. At this pressure, 1.00 kg of water has a
volume of 1.00 103 m3, and 1.00 kg of steam has a volume of 0.824 m3.
(a)
Calculate the work done when 1.00 kg of steam is formed at this temperature.
(b)
Determine the increase in internal energy of water.
[Answer: (a) 1.67 105 J; (b) +2.03 106 J]
1

5.

Suppose 145 moles of a monatomic ideal gas undergo an isothermal expansion from
1.00 m3 to 4.00 m3, as shown in figure above.
(a)
What is the temperature of this process?
(b)
How much work is done by the gas during this expansion?
[Answer: (a) 332 K; (b) 554 kJ]
6.

One gram of water is placed in the cylinder and the pressure is 2.0 10 5 Pa. The
temperature of the water is raised by 31 C in an isobaric process. The water is in the
liquid phase and expands by the small amount of 1.0 108 m3. Find the
(a)
Work done and
(b)
The change in internal energy
[Answer: (a) 2.0 103 J; (b) 130 J]

7.

A monatomic ideal gas at 27 C undergoes a constant pressure process from A to B

and a constant volume process from B to C. Find the total work done during these two
processes.
[Answer: 202.6 J]

8.

A monatomic ideal gas at 27 C undergoes a constant volume process from A to B and

a constant pressure process from B to C. Find the total work done during these two
processes.
[Answer: 101.3 J]

9.

An ideal monatomic gas is taken through the cycle in the PV diagram,

(a)
If there are 0.0200 mol of this gas, what are the temperature and pressure at
point C?
(b)
What is the change in internal energy of the gas as it is taken from A to B?
(c)
How much work is done by this gas per cycle?
(d)
What is the total change in internal energy of this gas in one cycle?
[Answer: (a) 98.0 kPa; (b) 200 J; (c) 66 J; (d) 0]
10.

An ideal gas is in contact with a heat reservoir so that it remains at a constant

temperature of 300.0 K. The gas is compressed from a volume of 24.0 L to a volume
of 14.0 L. During the process, the mechanical device pushing the piston to compress
the gas is found to expend 5.00 kJ of energy. How much heat flows between the heat
reservoir and the gas and in what direction does the heat flow occur?
[Answer: 5.00 kJ, flow out]

UNIVERSITI TUNKU ABDUL RAHMAN

Centre
Course
Year
Trimester

: Centre for Foundation Studies

(CFS)
: Foundation in Science
: Year 1
: Trimester 3

Session

: 201501

Unit Code
Unit Title

: FHSC 1024
: Thermodynamics
Electromagnetism

and

Solution for Additional Tutorial 5: Thermodynamics

1. Q U W ; Q 1210J, W ?
3
3
3
U nRT f nRTi (1)(8.314Jmol 1 K 1 )( 276K 272K ) 50J
2
2
2
Q U W 1210J 50J W W 1210 50 J 1160J
2.

(a)

Path A : W pV p0 (4.0V0 V0 ) 40 Pa (3.0 1.0m 3 ) 120 J

Path B : W Area Under Graph

1 40 Pa
(
40 Pa )( 4.0(1.0m 3 ) (1.0m 3 )) 75J
2
4

(b)

Path C : W pV

p0
40 Pa
(4.0V0 V0 )
(3.0 1.0m 3 ) 30 J
4
4

(c)
3. Q U W Qab 546J; Qbc 62J; Wab 310J; Wca 223J; Qca ?
Qtotal U total Wtotal Qtotal Qab Qbc Qca 546J 62J Qca 484 J Qca
Wtotal 310J 223J 87J; U total 0;
Qtotal U total Wtotal 484 J Qca 87J Qca 397 J
Change of Volume from Water to Steam, V V f Vi Vsteam Vwater
4. (a)
W pV 2.0 1.013 10 5 Pa 0.824 m 3 0.001 m 3 1.67 10 5 J
Q mLv 1.00kg(2.20 10 6 J/kg) 2.20 10 6 J
(b)
Q U W ; Q 2.20 10 6 ; W 1.67 10 5 J
Q U W U Q W 2.20 10 6 J 1.67 10 5 J 2.03 10 6 J

5. (a)

pV nRT (400kPa )(1.00m 3 ) (145mole) (8.314J/mole K )(Ti )

Isothermal : Ti T f

Vf
W nRT ln
Vi
(b)

( 400kPa )(1.00m 3 )
331.8K
(145mole) (8.314J/mole K)

4.00m 3
554.8kJ
3
1.00m

(145mole) (8.314J/mole K )(332K ) ln

5
8
3
6. (a) W PV 2.0 10 Pa 1.0 10 m 0.0020J

(b) Q mcT 0.0010 kg 4186 J kg C 31 C 130 J

U Q W 130 J 0.0020 J 130 J

7.
8.

W Pi V (2.000 atm)(1.013 105 Pa atm)(2.000 L 1.000 L)(103 m3 L) 202.6 J

W Pi V (1.000 atm)(1.013 105 Pa atm)(2.000 L 1.000 L)(103 m3 L) 101.3 J

9. (a) According to the graph, the pressure at point C is

point C.

98.0 kPa .

Find the temperature at

3V
3 Pf V PV
R
i
( P Pi )
2
nR
nR
2 f

3(1.00 L)(103 m3 L)

(98.0 103 Pa 230 103 Pa) 200 J

2

U nCv T n

(b)

(c)

1
(230 103 Pa 98.0 103 Pa)(2.00 L 1.00 L)(10 3 m 3 L) 66 J
2

(d) At the beginning and end of a complete cycle, regardless of the starting point, the
temperature is the same, so

U 0 because T 0 in a cycle.

10. For an isothermal process, U 0. 5.00 kJ of work is done on the gas.

Q U W 0 W 5.00 kJ

Since Q < 0,

the heat flows out of the gas and into the reservoir .