GrayCement

IngeneralCementmeansGrayOrdinaryPortlandCementwhichisusedforgeneralpurposesin
construction.Thecementisoneofthemostimportantrawmaterialsusedinbuildingasthestrength
ofanyconstructionworkdependsonthequalitycement.Thegraycementshouldbefactory
manufacturedfromareputedmanufacturer.Itmustnotbefromlocalplantmanufacturer.Itisproperly
packedfromfactory,notbehandpackedlocally.Whiletakingsupplyofgraycement,manufacturing
date,gradeandtypeshouldbechecked.Thecementshouldnotbemorethansixweeksoldfrom
thedateofmanufacturing.

Typesofgraycement
Accordingtochemicalpropertiesgraycementcanbe
classifiedasfollows.
OrdinaryPortlandcement(forgeneraluse)
RapidhardeningPortlandcement(wherehighearly
strengthisrequired)
LowheatPortlandcement(inmassconcretefordam
etc.)

Manufacturingofgray
cement
AlltypesofcementlikeOrdinaryPortlandCement,RapidhardeningPortlandcementorLowheat
PortlandcementaremanufacturedbyintimatelymixingCalcareous,ArgillaceousandSilica,Alumina
orIronOxidebearingmaterials,whichareburntatclinkeringtemperatureandaregroundtoproduce
graycement,complyingwithspecifications.NomaterialexceptGypsumorWaterorbothshouldbe
addedafterburning.

Specificationsofgraycement
Fineness
TherearefollowingtwomethodstocheckfinenessofPortlandcement.
Method1:Aftersieving,thecementonIStestSieveNo.9(B.S.SieveNo170)shouldnot
exceed10%incaseofOrdinaryPortlandCement.
Method2:SpecificsurfacebyAirPermeabilityMethodshouldnotbelessthan2150sq.cm/kg
incaseofOrdinaryPortlandCement

Soundness

Soundness
Alternativelyautoclaveexpansionshouldnotbemorethan0.5%whentestedaccordingtoIS269of
1989.

Settingtime
SettingtimeofanytypeoranygradeofcementwhentestedbyVicatapparatusmethoddescribedin
IS:4031shouldconfirmfollowingrequirement.
InitialsettingtimeNotlessthan30minutes
Finalsettingtime:Notmorethan600minutesi.e.10hours

CompressiveStrength
After28dayscompressivestrengthofcementconcretemixforvarioustypesofcementconcretemixis
following.

Compressivestrengthofcementconcretemix
S.NO.

TypeofMix

RatioofMix

Compressivestrength

1.

M10

1:3:6

100kg.Percmsquare

2.

M15

1:2:4

150kg.Percmsquare

3.

M20

1:1.5:3

200kg.Percmsquare

Note:Cementconcretecubesfilledinabovementionedcementratiosshouldbetestedaftercuringfor
7daysandthestrengthofcementconcreteshouldnotbelessthan70%.

Generalguidelinesforgraycement
Cementisthemostimportantrawmaterialusedinconstructionofabuilding.Youcanensurethe
qualityofCementwithfollowingguidelines.
Cementbagbearsdateofmanufacturing
Onecementbaghas50Kg.weights
Cementbagsarenothandstitched
Consignmentmusthaveidentificationmarkonthepackage
Cementispackedinbagsofsyntheticjuteorpolypropylenebags
Factorymanufacturedinsteadofplantmanufactured
Bearsmanufacturer'snameorhistrademark,gradeandtypeofcement
Notolderthansixweeksfromthedateofmanufacturing
Notpartiallysetduetomoistureorhavesmalllumpsinbags
Notpressedorhavelumpsduetohighpressureofstack,havingmorethan10to12bags
Thebagsarenottornbysideandstitchedinlater

Precautionswhile
transportingcement
Carrybagsincleanvehiclewhichisnotdustieroron
earthetc.asitreducesthestrengthofcement.
TakecementbagsundercoveredPolytheneor
Tarpaulinduringmonsoonseason.
Laborshouldnottearbagswhileloadingand
unloadingcementbags.

cement

Precautionswhile
stacking/storinggray

Storecementinmoistproofareaotherwisequalityofcementwillbeaffected
Stackcementbagsindry,leakproofandmoistureproofshed/fumes
Placecementbagsondrybrickfloors,woodencratesorplanks
Dontplacecementbagsontheearthinanycase
Dontmakestackofbagshigherthan10bagstoavoidlumpsunderpressure
Dontstackupcementbagswithouterwallstoprotectitfromdampness
Pileupcementbagsfromdifferentmanufacturerseparately
Makeuseofcementonfirstcomefirstservebasis
Covercementbagswithpolytheneduringmonsoonseason
Keepcementbagsclosetoeachothertoreduceaircirculation

Cautionforstorage/stacking
Whenconstructionworkisassignedtoacontractor,makesurehetakespropercareofcement.
Manytimescontractorsdonottakecareforproperstorageofcementatsiteasitcoststhem
laborandmoney.Thisresultsinreductioninstrengthofcementasshowninthetablebelow.
Insomecases,itisobservedthatafterlayingRCCslabonsomepartsofbuilding,thecontractor
dismantleshistemporarystoreatsiteandplacescementbagsongroundfloorofbuildingwhich
isunderconstruction.Itisnotgoodascementbagsmaydrawmoisturefromfloorandwallsof
newbuildingandresultsinreductionofstrengthincementbecausenewbuildingiswetdueto
constructionworkinprogress.

Reductionincementstrengthduetostorage
S.No

StoragePeriod

ReductioninStrength

1.

Freshcement

Nil

2.

Threemonthsold

20%

3.

Sixmonthsold

30%

4.

12Monthsold

40%

5.

24Monthsold

50%

Cautionforcementstrength
Cementretardsinhardeningandreducesstrengthduetoabsorptionofmoistureduringstorage.
Itisokayforcementtoabsorbupto1.2%moistureasthislevelofmoistureisacceptablebutif
absorptionexceeds5%,thecementisdestroyedforallpracticalpurposes.
Differenttypesofcementsshouldnotbemixedwhileusingthemforconstructionalpurposes.

TypesofCement
(/tips/articles/Construction/1470/Cement1470
TypesCement_0)
Thestrengthofaconstructiondependsuponthecementof
superiorquality.

WhiteCement
(/tips/articles/Construction/2012/Cement2012
WhiteCement_0)

Youcanboostuparchitecturalbeautyofyourhomeusingwhite
cementsincethestrengthofbuildinganditscomponentsmainly
dependsonsuperiorqualitycement.Thisarticletellsyouabout
uses,qualityandstorageofwhitecement.

GettingMoreStrengthofCement
(/tips/articles/Construction/877/Cement877
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Thestrengthofmortarmaybeincreasedusingsomeprecautions.

PurchasingGuidelinesforCement
(/tips/articles/Construction/986/Cement986
PurchasingGuidelinesCement_0)
Manufacturingdate,gradeandtypeplayvitalroleinpurchasingrightcementandthereshouldbeno
lumpsinit.

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Togetmaximumventilationandnaturallightinyourhouse,make
surethebuildingisproperlyoriented.Orientationofbuilding
savesenergyandprovidescomfortablelivingaswell.Thisarticle
tellsyouaboutvariousfactorsandbenefitsofbuildingorientation.

KitchenPictures
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Pictures_0)
PreviewsomeofthemostimpressivepicturesofkitchenfromGharExpertGallery.

TypesofRoofing
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Asolidroofonbuildingisveryimportantforeverybodylivinginthehouse.Theroof
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aboutdifferenttypesofroofing.

DoorandWindowFrames
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Framesofdoorsandwindowsaremostimportantpartsofyourdoorsandwindows.
Theyareavailableindifferentsize,height,widthandshapes.Framesholdlocksand
hingesandsupportdoorandwindowstoshutandopeneasily.Hereiswhatyouneedto
knowaboutdifferentdoorsandwindowsframes.

TypeofSteelBars
(/tips/articles/Construction/1021/Steel1021Type
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Differentsteelbarsarerecommendedfortheirrelativetensile
stresses.Steelbarsaremajorcomponentsofconstruction.Hereis
whatyouneedtoknowaboutsteelbars(Sariya).

VastuandBrahmasthan
(/tips/articles/Vastu/1717/VastuShastra1717
VastuBrahmasthan_0)
Brahmasthanisapowerfulzoneofthehouse.Itshouldhaveopenspaceforflowof
energyinthehouse.Thepositiveenergyisveryusefulforlivingbeingsoftheoccupants
ofthehouse.

BrickWork(/tips/articles/Construction/841/Brick
Walls,PillarsStructure841BrickWork_0)
Brickworkisanimportantpartofconstructionworkdonewiththehelpofbricksand
cementmortar.Itisdonewithdifferentqualityofbrickswithdifferentratiosofcement
mortaraccordingtotherequirement.

VastuforLivingRoom
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LivingroomorDrawingroomshouldbelocatedineastornorthdirection.Theideallocation
ofalivingroomdependsonplotfacing.

BathroomShowerDoors
(/tips/articles/Interiors/1076/Bathroom1076
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Areyouremodelingyourbathroom?Bathroomshowerdoorsmakeyour
bathroomastyleicon.Readthefollowingarticlethatwillhelpyouselect
thebathroomshowerdoorthatwillexactlysuityourbathroom.

RatioofCementandSandforPlastering
(/tips/articles/Construction/1038/Cement
Plastering1038RatioCement
SandPlastering_0)
Withoutknowingperfectmixtureofcementandsandyoucannotachieveyourgoal.

PurchasingGuidelinesforCement
(/tips/articles/Construction/986/Cement986
PurchasingGuidelinesCement_0)
Manufacturingdate,gradeandtypeplayvitalroleinpurchasingrightcementandthereshouldbeno
lumpsinit.

BricksQuality
(/tips/articles/Construction/947/Bricks947Bricks
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FirstClassBricksmustbehomogeneousintexturewithoutshowingappreciablesignofefflorescence.

Whichtypeofmaterialsarerequiredfordrainage
pipefitting?(/tips/articles/Construction/925/Waste
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requireddrainagepipefitting0)
Acouplerconnectsthetwopipestoeachother.Ifthematerialandsizeofthepipearenotthesame,it
iscalleda'reducingcoupler'.

FineSand/classificationofsand
(/tips/articles/Construction/894/FineSand894
FineSandclassificationsand_0)
Finesandshouldconsistofnaturalsandorcrushedstonesand.Itshouldbehard,durable,cleanand
befreefromorganicmatteretc.andshouldnotcontainanyappreciableamountofclayballsand
harmfulimpuritiessuchasalkalis,salts,coal,decayedvegetationetc.

VariousTypesofBricks
(/tips/articles/Construction/891/Bricks891Various
TypesBricks_0)
Bricksprovidesseveralchoicesforquality.Selectatypeaccordingtoyourneed.

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BedroominGrayStyle

Toneofgray

Grayandblank

cementwork

Sand+Jelly+Cement

CementMortarRackedOut

CementConcreteinFoundationofWall

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TheArtofCement..

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HandmadeCementBricks...

BrickWall&Cement...

Cement.

CementBlock

CementConcreteSurface

CementConcreteSurface

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Chandelierongraypaintedceiling

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DarkgrayflooringdesignforKitchen

Modernstylishkitchenwithmicrowavewallunitgrayfullsizecabinets

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Compactkitchenwithgraycoloredwallcladding

redandGraypaintedroomforcutekids

graybed

bedroomwithgrayinterior

ShadesofGrayinabathroomdesignrendering

ModernChandelierdesignwithsmokegraycolor

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BeautifulgraybeddingDesign

Bundas

blacknwhitecombi.....

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