Choose the correct letter to answer

A new hearing device is now available for some hearing impaired people. This device uses a
magnet to hold the detachable sound-processing portion in place. Like other aids, it converts
sound into vibrations, but is unique in the sense that it can transmit the vibrations directly to the
magnet, and then to the inner ear. This produces a cleaner sound. The new device will not help
all hearing-impaired people, only those with a hearing loss caused by infection or other problem
in the middle ear. This produces a clearer sound. The new Device will not help all hearingimpaired people.only those with a hearing loss caused by infection or other problem in the
middel ear. It will probably help no more than 20 percent of all people with hearing problems.
Those people, who often have persis tent ear infections, should however find relief and restored
hearing with the new device.
1. What is the authors main purpose in
writing the next ?
a. To describe new cure for ear
infections.
b. To urge doctors to use the new device.
c. To explain the use of the magnet
d. To inform people of a new hearing
device.
e. To study a new device for ear
infections.

2. According to the passage, what does the

device NOT do ?
a. Transmit sound to the inner ear.
b. Help all hearing-impaired people..
c. Produce clear sound
d. Change sound into vibrations.
e. Relieve hearing loss caused by ear
infection

Whether a tree is coniferous or deciduous, whether it bears fruit or not, whether it grows in the
tropics or in the temperate zone. Every tree has three parts: the roots, the trunk, and the crown.
The roots the part of the tree underground hold the tree firmly against windstorms and provide
the tree with food gathered from the soil. The trunk, which is the most important woody part of
the tree, is the body of the tree: it carries the food from the root to the branches. The crown of the
tree consists of the branches, the leaves, and the fruit of the tree. The leaves use the food sent
from the trunk for many purposes, one of which is a process that is particularly useful to humans.
In this process called photosynthesis. The leaves absorb carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and
give to the atmosphere. The process is essential to human life because humans have to breathe
oxygen in order to continue existing.
3. The main information of the text is
about____
a. The difference between coniferous and
deciduous trees
b. The climates in which different types
of trees grow

c. The common functions of the parts of

any kind of tree.
d. The description of the process of
photosynthesis
e. The usefulness of tree leaves to a
human beings life

4. Trees are very important for the life of

human being because ____
a. They protect human being against
windstorms.
b. Their leaves produce carbon dioxide.

c. Their trunks distribute food to the

roots.
d. Photosynthesis absorbs carbon dioxide
e. They contribute oxygen to the
atmosphere

There are three separate sources of hazard in the process of supplying energy by nuclear
power. The radioactive material mint travel from its place or manufacture to the power station.
Although the power stations themselves are solidly built, the containers used for the transport of
the materials are not. There are normally only two methods of transport available, namely road
or rail. Unfortunately, both of these involve close contact with the general public, since the
routes are sure to pass near, or even through, heavily populated areas.
Next, there is the problem of waste. All nuclear power stations produce wastes that in most
cases will remain radioactive for thousands of years. It is impossible to make these wastes nonradioactive, and so they must be stored in one of the inconvenient ways that scientists have
invented. For example they may be buried under the ground, or dropped into abandoned mines,
or sunk in the sea. However, these methods do not solve the problem, since an earthquake could
easily the containers open.
Finally, there is the problem of accidental exposure due to a leak or an explosion at the power
station. As with the other two hazards, this is not very likely, so it does not provide a serious
objection to the nuclear program. Nevertheless, it can happen. Separately, these three types of
risks are not a great cause for concern. On the whole though, the probability of disaster is still
high.
5. The whole text tells us about ________
a. The danger of transporting radioactive
materials
b. The way to make radioactive wastes
not dangerous for people
c. The potential dangers in supplying
energy by nuclear power
d. The accidents caused by nuclear
power stations
e. Peoples
objections
to
the
establishment at nuclear stations

6. Which of the following statement is

TRUE about radioactive wastes?
a. They will be no more danger when
radioactive
wastes
are
buried
underground
b. There is no chance of saving peoples
live from radioactive wastes.
c. Radioactive
wastes
become
nonradioactive when they are sunk in
the sea
d. Only
earthquakes
can
change
radioactive waste into non-radioactive
waste.
e. Natural disasters of radioactive wastes

7. In spite of the problems which are likely

to occur in supplying energy by nuclear
power, the writer thinks that _____
a. People will strongly object to it
b. The probability of disaster is high
c. Hazards should be rigidly controlled
d. Its
worth
conducting
nuclear
programs
e. There is great cause for concern

8. We may conclude from the third

paragraph that the problem of accidental
exposure is caused by ______
a. human error
b. an earthquake
c. radioactive waste
d. hazards
e. bad design of the nuclear station

Hurricanes generally occur in the North Atlantic from May through November with the peak
of hurricane season in September. Only rarely they will occur from December through April in
the part of the ocean. The main reason for the occurrence of hurricanes during this period is the
temperature on the waters surface is at its warmest and the humidity of the air is at its warmest
and the humidity of the air is at its highest. Of the tropical storms that accuracy year in the North
Atlantic, only about five, on the average, are as a hurricane. A tropical storm must have winds
reaching speeds of at least 117 kilometers per hour. But the wind are often much stronger than
that: the winds of intense hurricanes can easily surpass 240 kilometers per hour.
9. The passage mainly discusses.
a. The number of hurricanes in a year.
b. The strength of hurricanes.
c. The weather in the North Atlantic
d. Hurricanes in a certain part of the
world.
e. Hurricanes and disasters of the world.

10. Which of the following is TRUE

according to the text?
a. There are always hurricanes in the
North Atlantic all year round.
b. Extremely warm weather and high
humidity can cause hurricanes
c. Very strong winds are the result of
hurricanes.
d. Hurricanes occur every month from
May to November
e. Tropical countries have a lot of intense
hurricanes.

The United States and Mexico signed a peace treaty on February 2, 1848. Mexico was to give
up much of its land to the U.S. The land included Texas, Arizona, New Mexico, and California.
The treaty signers did not know that James Marshall had just discovered gold in California 10
days earlier. Nobody knew this outside of the area near the Sacramento River. One year later,
everybody knew. In 1849 the world heard about the gold discovery. Gold fever brought
thousands of people to California. We call the people who joined the gold rush forty-niners
they all though they could become rich quickly. They thought they could stay in California a
short time and return home as wealthy people.

11. The main information of the text is

about ______
a. A peace treaty between the U.S. and
Mexico.
b. James Marshall, the gold miner.
c. The discovery of gold in California.
d. The gold rush in the United State
e. The dream of the forty-niners to get
rich quickly

12. From the text we may conclude

that____
a. Mexico regretted that it had to give
up California to the U.S.
b. James Marshall did not publicly
announce his discovery.
c. A lot of forty-niners became rich
within a very short time.
d. California became a place where
many foreigners
e. Mexico made great efforts to aim
California back

(1) Current wisdom inclines toward the view that disasters are not exceptional events. (2)
They tend to be repetitive and to concentrate in particular places. (3) With regard to natural
catastrophes, seismic and volcanic belts, hurricane-generating areas and unstable slopes are well
known. (4) Moreover, the frequency of events and therefore their statistical recurrence intervals
are often fairly well established at least for the smaller and more frequent occurrences. (5) Many
technological hazards also follow more or less predictable patterns, although these may become
apparent only when research reveals them. (6) Finally, intelligence gathering, strategic studies,
and policy analyses can help us to understand __14__. (7) Thus, there is little excuse for being
caught unprepared.
(8) The main scope of emergency planning is to reduce the risk to life and limb posed by
actual and potential disasters. (9) Secondary motives involve reducing damage, ensuring public
safety during the aftermath of a disaster, and caring for survivors and the __15__. (10)
Inefficiencies in planning are translated very easily into loss of life, injuries, or damage that
could have been avoided. (11) Thus, emergency planning is at least a moral, and perhaps also a
legal, responsibility for all those __16__ are involved with the safety of the public or employees.
(12) Moreover, planning cannot be successfully improvised during emergencies; this represents
one of the worst forms of inefficiency and most likely sources of error and confusion. (13)
Fortunately, however, 50 years of intensive research and accumulated experience have furnished
an ample basis for planning.
(14) Given that disasters tend to be repetitive events, they __17__ a cycle that can be
divided into phases of mitigation, preparedness, response and delivery, including reconstruction.
(15) The first two stages occur before catastrophe strikes and the last two afterwards. (16) The
actions taken differ for each of the periods, as different needs are tackled. (17) Mitigation
comprises all actions designed __18__ of future disasters. (18) These are usually divided into
structural measures and non-structural measures, which include land-use planning, insurance,
legislation, and evacuation planning. (19) The term preparedness refers to actions taken to ease

the impact of disasters when they are forecast. (20) They also include security measures, such as
the evacuation of vulnerable populations and sandbagging of river levees as flood-waters begin
to rise. (21) Response refers to emergency actions taken during __19__. (22) The principal
emphasis is on saving human lives. (23) Victims are rescued and the immediate needs of
survivors are attended to. (24) Recovery is the process of repairing damage, restoring services,
and reconstructing facilities after disaster has struck. (25) While major catastrophes __20__ take
as long as 25 years to recover, much less time is needed in lighter impacts or disasters that strike
smaller areas.
13. The sentence "When a known
significant risk exists, failure to plan
can be taken as culpable negligence."
should come after ...
a. sentence 5
b. sentence 7
c. sentence 11
d. sentence 13
e. sentence 17
14. ...
a. resulting from the pattern of
emergencies conflict and insurgence
b. the pattern of emergencies from
conflict and insurgence resulting
c. the pattern of emergencies from
resulting conflict and insurgence
d. the pattern of emergencies resulting
from conflict and insurgence
e. resulting the pattern of emergencies
from conflict and insurgence
15. ...
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.

disadvantage
disadvantaged
disadvantaging
to disadvantage
to be disadvantaged

16. ...
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.

which
whose
whom
who
why

17. ...
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.

will form
has formed
form
formed
are forming

18. ...
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.

to avoid the impact

to expand the impact
to restrict the impact
to discontinue the impact
to reduce the impact

19. ...
a. both the impact of a disaster and the
short-term aftermath
b. either the impact of a disaster nor the
short-term aftermath
c. neither the impact of a disaster or the
short-term aftermath
d. the impact of a disaster to the shortterm aftermath
e. both the impact of a disaster rather
than the short-term aftermath

20. ...
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.

must
has to
should
may
had better

The text on the following pages has three paragraph, 1-3

Choose the correct heading for each paragraph from the list of headings, A-G below
List of Headings
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
F.
G.

Maintaining everyone has the same priority to education

A great number of people from Rwanda and Malawi live in rural areas
The prime function of schooling
The vast majority of people get no education
Trying to make children of certain age to join school
To supply children with basic academic requirement
Education is expensive in some parts of the worlds

21. Paragraph 1 .
22. Paragraph 2 .
23. Paragraph 3 .
1

The vast majority of people in developing countries live in rural areas, on farms, in village
or in rural market towns. In some countries such as Rwanda and Malawi more than 90 per
cent of the total population lives in the rural areas. The main purpose of education in these
areas is to provide everybody (not only those in urban areas) with relevant knowledge,
skills, attitudes and ideas which will enable them more fulfilling, and satisfying lives.

To assert that everyone has a right to education has little practical meaning unless this
right is translated into terms of some minimum package of attitude, knowledge and
skills for all people in a given society. To do otherwise is to create a privileged class at the
expense of everyone else. Vague objectives such as giving every child A good basic
education' (often defined of four to six more years of formal schooling) are meaningless
when huge section of the population are getting little or no education at all.

One solution is this: rather than attempt to enroll every child for a seven or eight-year cycle
of primary schooling, which is not financially feasible anyway for many countries for
many years to come, the strategy should be a shorter four to five-year primary cycle to
provide every child with the minimum educational needs-literacy, numeracy, health
education and those technical and entrepreneurial skills needed - to make a decent living.
This primary education should be geared for the large majority who will not continue their
studies beyond this stage, who will enter straight into productive life.

Complete the summary of the following paragraph using the list of the words, A-J, below
Computers are a relatively new invention. The first computers were built fifty years ago and it is
only in the last thirty years that its influence has affected our everyday life. Personal computers
were introduced as recently as the early eighties. In this short time they have made a tremendous
impact on our lives. We are now so dependent on computers that it is hard to imagine what
things would be like today without them. You have only got to go into a bank when the main
computer is broken to understand the chaos that would occur if computers were suddenly
removed world-wide. In the future, computers will be used to create bigger and even more
sophisticated computers. The prospects for this is quite alarming. They will be so complex that
no individual could hope to understand how they work. They will bring a lot of benefits but they
will also increase the potential for unimaginable chaos. They will, for example, be able to fly
planes and they will be able to coordinate the movements of several planes around the airport.
Providing all the computers are working correctly, nothing can go wrong; but if one program
fails there will be a disaster. There is no doubt that technology will progress and become
increasingly complex. We should, however, ensure that we are still in a position where we are
able to control technology. It will be all too easy to suddenly discover that technology is
controlling us. By then it might be too late. I believe that it is very important to be suspicious of
the benefits that computers will bring and make sure that we never become totally dependent on
a completely technological world
SUMMARY
Although computers is just found, it already has a __(24)__ influence in our daily lives. For
example, try to imagine the __(25)__ it would create, if a computer is going down in a bank. In
the future, computers will be controlled to produce more __(26)__ ones. The idea has its own
advantage and disadvantage. The benefit is the computer will be able to __(27)__ planes in the
airport. On the other hand, it would create a __(28)__ if something goes wrong. To control this,
we should __(29)__ the technology and ensuring that we will not be totally __(30)__ on
technology.
A. Catastrophe
B. Organize

C. Huge
D. Advanced

E. Reliant
F. Declining

G. Initiate
H. Handle

I. Explain
J. Confusion

Which paragraph contains the following information? Write the correct letter A-F in the
answer

Syria: The story of the conflict

This is the story of the civil war so far, in these following short chapters.
A Pro-democracy protests erupted in March 2011 in the southern city of Deraa after the arrest
and torture of some teenagers who painted revolutionary slogans on a school wall. After
security forces opened fire on demonstrators, killing several, more took to the streets. The
unrest triggered nationwide protests demanding President Assad's resignation. The
government's use of force to crush the dissent merely hardened the protesters' resolve. By
July 2011, hundreds of thousands were taking to the streets across the country. Opposition
supporters eventually began to take up arms, first to defend themselves and later to expel
security forces from their local areas.
B Violence escalated and the country descended into civil war as rebel brigades were formed
to battle government forces for control of cities, towns and the countryside. Fighting reached
the capital Damascus and second city of Aleppo in 2012. By June 2013, the UN said 90,000
people had been killed in the conflict. However, by August 2014 that figure had more than
doubled to 191,000 - and continued to climb to 250,000 by August 2015, according to
activists and the UN. The conflict is now more than just a battle between those for or against
President Assad. It has acquired sectarian overtones, pitching the country's Sunni majority
against the president's Shia Alawite sect. The rise of the jihadist groups, including Islamic
State, has added a further dimension.
C A UN commission of inquiry, investigating alleged human rights violations since March
2011, has evidence that those on both sides of the conflict have committed war crimes including murder, torture, rape and enforced disappearances. Government and rebel forces
have also been accused by investigators of using civilian suffering - such as blocking access
to food, water and health services - as a method of war. In February 2014, a UN Security
Council resolution demanded all parties end the "indiscriminate employment of weapons in
populated areas". Since then, activists say, more than 6,000 civilians have been killed by
barrel bombs dropped by government aircraft on rebel-held areas. The UN says in some
instances, civilian gatherings have been deliberately targeted, constituting massacres.
D The armed rebellion has evolved significantly since its inception. Secular moderates are now
outnumbered by Islamists and jihadists, whose brutal tactics have caused widespread
concern and triggered rebel infighting. Its many foreign fighters in Syria are now involved in
a "war within a war", battling rebels and jihadists from the al-Qaeda-affiliated Nusra Front,
who object to their tactics, as well as Kurdish and government forces. In the political arena,
opposition groups are also deeply divided, with rival alliances battling for supremacy. The
most prominent is the moderate National Coalition for Syrian Revolutionary and Opposition
Forces, backed by several Western and Gulf Arab states. However, the coalition has little
influence on the ground in Syria and its primacy is rejected by other groups, leaving the

country without a convincing alternative to the Assad government.

In January 2014, the UN convened a conference in Switzerland to implement the 2012
Geneva Communique, an internationally backed agreement that called for the establishment
of a transitional governing body in Syria formed on the basis of mutual consent. The talks,
which became known as Geneva II, broke down in February after only two rounds. The
then-UN special envoy Lakhdar Brahimi blamed the Syrian government's refusal to discuss
opposition demands and its insistence on a focus on fighting "terrorists" - a term Damascus
uses to describe rebel groups. The UN special envoy Staffan de Mistura has also proposed
establishing a series of "freeze zones", where local ceasefires would be negotiated to allow
aid deliveries in besieged areas. But his attempt to broker a truce in Aleppo in March 2015
was rejected by rebels in the city
What began as another Arab Spring has drawn in regional and world powers. Tehran is
believed to be spending billions of dollars a year to bolster Mr Assad, providing military
advisers and subsidised weapons, as well as lines of credit and oil transfers. In September
2015, Russia launched an air campaign against Mr Assad's opponents. Moscow said it was
targeting only "all terrorists", above all members of Islamic State, but many of the strikes hit
Western-backed rebels and civilians. The Sunni-dominated opposition has, meanwhile,
attracted varying degrees of support from its main backers - Turkey, Saudi Arabia, Qatar and
other Arab states along with the US, UK and France. However, the rise of hard-line Islamist
rebels and the arrival of jihadists from across the world have led to a marked cooling of
Western backing.

31. The latest number of casualties

32. Approaches in the war which were considered as violation of law
33. Governmental conflict of Syria anti-Assad factions
34. The failure of the dialogues to end the conflict
35. Involvement of international world in the war