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812013
[ New Product ]
Tatsuya YAMASAKI*
Makoto MURAMATSU*
Yui MASUDA**
1. Introduction
Electric parking brakes (EPB) 1) that operate the
parking brake by an electric actuator and a
regenerative brake which recovers vehicle kinetic
energy as electric energy by motor, etc. are growing
among brake related technologies.
Two types of EPBs are commercially available,
namely, the type that installs a dedicated electric
actuator on hydraulic brake caliper and the type that
pulls the wire of the conventional parking brake
mechanism with an electric actuator. EPBs have
several advantages such as improved convenience
with automatic uphill start assistance and space
saving in the cabin by replacing the parking brake
lever with a switch.
A regenerative brake is a technology to recover the
vehicle kinetic energy as electric energy when the
brake is applied. This helps to improve the fuel
efficiency (electric cost) and its use has been
expanding mainly with the hybrid and electric vehicles
which use motors for driving power. In addition, some
vehicle engines which recover the vehicle kinetic
energy by alternators, etc. and use the energy as the
power source for auxiliary equipment are also recently
being commercialized. In order to efficiently recover
energy using a regenerative brake, it is important to
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2. Structure of electro-mechanical
brake unit with parking brake
2.1 Electro-mechanical brake unit
Fig. 1 shows an appearance of an electromechanical brake unit developed for the rear wheels
of 1500cc-class vehicles and Fig. 2 shows its internal
structure. In addition, Table 1 and 2 show the
specifications of the unit and the motor used in the
unit.
This unit has a linear motion mechanism and a
motor equipped in parallel and parallel shaft gears are
used for the transmission of torque between them.
The torque produced by the motor is transmitted to the
linear motion mechanism via the gears and converted
to the load (hereinafter, pressure) to press the pad
onto the disc. To reduce the size of the entire unit, a
planetary roller screw mechanism 6) of NTN's own
Caliper
Linear motion
mechanism
Top view
Motor
Gear part
Back view
Isometric view
Side view
Fig. 1 EMB unit
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Brake pad
Motor
84.5mm
Brake disc
Input gear
62mm
Output gear
107m
Motor
SECTION X-X
SECTION Y-Y
Solenoid
Intermediate gear
Intermediate gear
(parking brake mechanism
is equipped on the back)
Lock pin
SECTION Z-Z
(parking brake mechanism)
Fig. 2
Table 1 Specification of EMB unit (for the rear wheels of 1500cc-class vehicles)
Item
Specification
Remarks
12 kN or greater
9.3 kN or greater
Actuator size
1076284.5
2.8kg
Specification
Type
DC brushless
Size
4652
Supply voltage
12V
Maximum output
140W
[(b) Release]
(1) The motor is driven to the direction to increase the
pressure.
(2) When friction applied to the lock pin is released,
the intermediate gear and the lock pin are
disengaged.
(3) The lock pin is pulled back by the return spring in
the solenoid.
(4) The motor is driven corresponding to the operation
of the brake pedal (end of release action).
Brake disc
Motor
Caliper
Solenoid
Lock pin
Linear motion mechanism
Output gear
Intermediate gear
Input gear
Intermediate
gear
Lock pin
Lock hole
PCD section
(a) Operation
(b) Release
Fig. 4 Control-flow of parking brake
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3. Response
15
15
10
10
Pressure kN
Pressure kN
5
Command
Enhanced
product
Conventional
product
0.1
Time sec
Command
Enhanced
product
Conventional
product
0.2
0.1
0.2
Time sec
15
Operation
0
-0.1
0.1
0.2
Time sec
0.3
0.4
Release
0.5
10
0
-0.1
0.1
0.2
Time sec
0.3
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0.4
Release
0.5
10
Pressure kN
Pressure kN
15
4. Conclusion
In this article, we introduced a small electromechanical brake unit with a parking brake function
which is applicable for rear wheels of 1500 cc class
vehicles. This unit achieved a reduced size and
enhanced performance compared to the conventional
products by revisiting the internal design.
The enhanced performance of a brake is effective
not only for fuel economy of the vehicles but also for
the safety 10)-13); therefore, it is assumed that the
demand for the electro-mechanical brake will be
increased in the future. We will continue to develop an
electro-mechanical brake, improving the unit and
control technology for commercialization.
References
1) Yutaka Noguchi, Manabu Takegawa: Introduction
of Electronic Parking Brake System, SUBARU
Technical Review, No. 36 (2009) 70-72.
Photo of authors
Tatsuya YAMASAKI
Makoto MURAMATSU
Yui MASUDA
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