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Survey also shows that from the 2040 respondents who preferred
the TVL track, 43.68% personally decide to choose a specialized skill
based on their interests. Peers, or friends also affect some students in
making their choice (21.32%), followed by the parents (18. 14%), and
the demand of job market (13.97%). The remaining 2.89% have other
personal reasons in making their choice.
Based on the results, Educational Institutions with the intent to
cater senior high schools should focus their resources on the programs
preferred by the students. Also, a career guidance program has to be
facilitated to increase the awareness of the students with the demand
of the job market to motivate them in choosing a specialized skill that
will assure them of landing a good job after.
INTRODUCTION
The Philippines is the last country in Asia and one of the only
three countries worldwide with a 10-year pre-university cycle (Angola
and Djibouti are the other two). The K to 12 Program covers
Kindergarten and 12 years of basic education (six years primary
education, four years of Junior High School and two years of Senior
High School [SHS]) to provide sufficient time for mastery of concepts
and skills, develop lifelong learners, and prepare graduates for tertiary
education, middle-level skills development, employment and
entrepreneurship.
The first batch of Senior High School (SHS) will begin in June of
2016. Each student in Senior High School can choose among four
tracks: Academic, Sports, Arts and Design, and Technical-VocationalLivelihood.
The Technical-Vocational-Livelihood track prepares the students
with many different skills to make them job-ready after high school.
Among the many strands of this track, the technical schools who
intend to cater the Technical-Vocational-Livelihood track will want to
know which specialized skills to offer by identifying the demand of the
incoming SHS students and how these students make choices.
The objective of this study was to determine the specific
specialized skills of the Technical-Vocational-Livelihood track the
incoming SHS students prefer and the factor that affected their choice.
Its result can be used by schools offering the Senior High School
program to decide which program to offer so they can focus their
resources on the program with more possible market. Also, this will
help the schools formulate marketing strategies to get more students
enroll in their institution of learning.
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The Specialized Skills of the TVL Track Preferred by the Grade 10 Students
Bread and Pastry Production (NC II)
239
Contact Center Services (NC II)
208
Automotive Servicing (NC I)
173
Computer Hardware Servicing (NC II)
163
Electrical Installation and Maintenance (NC II)
138
Cookery (NC II)
130
Housekeeping (NC II)
125
Food and Beverage Services (NC II)
120
Shielded Metal Arc Welding (NC I)
120
Computer Programming (NC IV)
112
Caregiving (NC II)
90
Front Office Services (NC II)
80
Consumer Electronics Servicing (NC II)
65
Beauty and Nail Care
62
Animation (NC II)
60
Hairdressing
58
Technical Drafting (NC II)
45
Crop Production (NC I) 25
Animal Production (NC II) 17
Carpentry (NC II) 10
0
DISCUSSION
The survey was conducted in time with the Career Guidance
Week in different public high schools in San Pablo City. The result
shows that majority of the students preferred the Technical-Vocational
and Livelihood track (58.79%). This could be indication that skills and
livelihood training program are becoming the trend among the
students; therefore, training institutions should consider offering the
TVL track.
Now, the question is - what specialized skills to offer? Looking at
Figure 1, there are twenty specialized skills that have been chosen by
the incoming senior high school students. Topping the lead is Bread
and Pastry Production with 239 students planning to take the program.
This result is incongruent with the updates on SHS implementation for
Region 4A, where, the same qualification also ranked one of the most
preferred by the students.
Salary-wise, being a call center agent is one of the high paying
jobs in the country today. Not only that, call center agents are in
demand on the job market. This is probably the reason why Contact
Center Services emerge second in the survey as one most preferred by
students of San Pablo City.
Automotive Servicing ranked number three in the survey. Car
manufacturing is a growing industry. For the next twenty years, there
will be a demand for workers not just in car manufacturing but also in
the after sales services. This is where graduates in Automotive
Servicing come in.
Although identified by DOLE as one of the Key Employment
Generators for the next 20 years, it is very unfortunate that very few
prefer Carpentry of the construction sector and other skills on the agri-
industry sector. This is the reason why these sectors had been named
one of the most hard-to-fill jobs since there are few workers are
equipped with the skills to match the demand.
Generally, the choices made by the students are good since all
the skills chosen really the in-demand on the job market. They are
among the Key Employment Generators (KEGs) as per the Department
of Labor and Employment (DOLE). The graduates in TVL track will
surely land on a good job should they decide not to pursue a college
degree.
What are the factors that affected the students in their
specialized skills preferred? Traditionally, it is the parents that dictate
what course the students would take after high school (in this case, the
track and strand of the senior high school program).
Surprisingly, students decided based on their interest. The
majority of the students (43.68%) says that they have considered what
interest them the most in their preference. This is an indication that
most students nowadays are no longer influenced by their peers, more
so, not dictated by their parents. The K-12 exploratory programs given
to junior high school students can be seen as one factor that aroused
the interest of the students.
The result also shows that parents now recognize the ability of
their children to decide for their future. For those who chose the TVL
track alone, among the 2040 respondents, only 18.14% or 370
students were dictated by their parents. This number is comparatively
lower than those students influenced by their peer which is 21.32%.
The unemployment and underemployment rate in the Philippines
to continue to grow. It is not that the country has no or few job
demand of the job market is one major factor that students should
consider to make him/her job ready after senior high school with sure
employment.
The reasons of the 2.89% respondents that affected their choice
include: their first choice is not offered in any school or if offered, their
parents will not be able to afford that add-on fees by the school that
offers their choice; they just picked the program because they dont
know what to choose.
CONCLUSION
The survey result shows that the top 10 specialized skills the
incoming senior students have chosen are Bread and Pastry
Production, Contact Center Services, Automotive Servicing, Computer
Hardware Servicing, Electrical Installation and Maintenance, Cookery,
Housekeeping, Food and Beverage Services, Shielded Metal Arc
Welding, and Computer Programming. Therefore, educational
institutions should consider offering the said programs.
Also, the students have chosen specialized skills after
considering their skills of interest but few considers the demand of the
job market, which is an equally important consideration in choosing a
specialize skill. With this, a Career Guidance program has to be set to
increase the awareness of the students to in the demand of the job
market.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
The researcher would like to thank the grade 10 students
of San Jose National High School, Col. Lauro D. Dizon Memorial
National High School, San Pablo City National High School, San
Bartolome National High School, Santissimo Rosario National
High School, San Isidro National High School, Atisan National
High School, Sto. Angel National High School, Prudencia Fule
Memorial National High School, Dolores National High School, Del
Remedio National High School, Sta. Filomena Integrated School,
San Vicente National High School and Dolores National High
School for participating in the survey and making this research
possible.
To the Department of Education, a heartfelt thank you for
the opportunity to conduct the survey in time with Career
Guidance Week.
To Ms. Minerva Almario, for the push that was given and
the learning materials that have been very helpful in finishing
the study.
To Claire Mae, Faith Angela and Ana Sofia, thank you for
the inspiration.
And most of all, to God Almighty.
LITERATURE CITED
The Technical-Vocational-Livelihood
Specialized Skills that Incoming Senior
High School Students Prefers and the
Factors that Affect their Choice
Prepared by:
Arnel C. Himzon
Submitted to:
Ms. Minerva Almario