CH 12 2 COLM Ballot 05 2015

This document is not an API Standard; it is under consideration within an API technical committee but has not received
all approvals required to

become an API Standard. It shall not be reproduced or circulated or quoted, in whole or in part, outside of API committee activities except with the
approval of the Chairman of the committee having jurisdiction and staff of the API Standards Dept. Copyright API. All rights reserved.
Manual of Petroleum Measurement Standards

Chapter 12 Calculation of Petroleum Quantities
Section 2
Calculation of Petroleum Quantities Using Dynamic Measurement

Methods and Volumetric Correction Factors
DRAFT, MARCH 2015
May, 2015
This document is not an API Standard; it is under consideration within an API technical committee but has not received all approvals required to
Forward
This publication consolidates parts 1 through 5 of previous editions of Chapter 12.2 and presents standard
calculations for metering petroleum fluids using flow meters such as turbine or displacement meters. Units of
measure in this publication are in International System (SI) and United States Customary (USC) units consistent with
North American industry practices.
Nothing contained in any API publication is to be construed as granting any right, by implication or otherwise, for the
manufacture, sale, or use of any method, apparatus, or product covered by letters patent. Neither should anything
contained in the publication be construed as insuring anyone against liability for infringement of letters patent.
This document was produced under API standardization procedures that ensure appropriate notification and
participation in the developmental process and is designated as an API standard. Questions concerning the
interpretation of the content of this publication or comments and questions concerning the procedures under which
this publication was developed should be directed in writing to the Director of Standards, American Petroleum
Institute, 1220 L Street, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20005. Requests for permission to reproduce or translate all or any
part of the material published herein should also be addressed to the director.
Generally, API standards are reviewed and revised, reaffirmed, or withdrawn at least every five years. A one-time
extension of up to two years may be added to this review cycle. Status of the publication can be ascertained from
the API Standards Department, telephone (202) 682-8000. A catalog of API publications and materials is published
annually by API, 1220 L Street, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20005.
Suggested revisions are invited and should be submitted to the Standards Department, API, 1220 L Street, NW,
Washington, D.C. 20005, standards@api.org.
Contents
Introduction
This standard presents the calculation procedures for dynamic measurement tickets (meter tickets), meter proving,
and prover calibration.
Earlier versions of this standard were written when mechanical desk calculators and tabulated values were widely
used for calculating measurement documentation. Rules for rounding and the choice of how many figures to enter in
each calculation step were often made on the spot, resulting in different operators obtaining different results from the
same data. Introduction of computers and solid-state scientific desk calculators improved the process, but different
manufacturers machines often produced slightly different results. To address this problem, the previous version of
this Standard rigorously specified the equations for computing correction factors, rules for rounding, calculation
sequence, and the discrimination levels employed with the purpose of standardizing calculations to produce the
same unbiased answer from given data. With the advent of IEEE standards and the predominance of 64-bit floatingpoint operations, additional calculation methods were desired by the petroleum industry. The implementation
procedures presented in this standard are designed to use current computer technology, simplify the associated
arithmetic operations, and incorporate current API MPMS Chapter 11 Standards.
This standard was developed to allow multiple parties to obtain the same numerical results from the same
raw/measured data basis using a standardized calculation methodology. This standard does not address the
differences in the raw/measured data due to differences in the precision of the instrumentation. It is expected that
the end user will apply the appropriate rules to determine the level of accuracy in the display of the decimals in the
final answer based upon the accuracy of the devices used in the collection of the original data.
This standard was developed to allow multiple parties to obtain the same numerical results from the same
raw/measured data basis using a standardized calculation methodology. This standard does not address the
differences in the raw/measured data due to differences in the precision of the instrumentation. It is expected that
the end user will apply the appropriate rules to determine the level of accuracy in the display of the decimals in the
final answer based upon the accuracy of the devices used in the collection of the original data.
This standard presents two methods for calculating meter tickets and meter provings:
Method A - Discrete Data Method (Traditional Method)
Method B - Continuous Data Method (Dynamic Method)
In the Discrete Data Method, flow-weighted averages (however each average is determined) of temperature,
pressure and density are used to correct the total actual volume at operating conditions for the entire ticket period, as
measured by the flow meter and corrected by the meter factor, to what that total actual volume would be at standard
temperature and pressure conditions for the entire ticket period. Thus, the total indicated volume for the entire ticket
period is corrected by the meter factor to determine the total gross volume for the entire ticket period; and, then the
total gross volume is corrected to the gross standard volume for the entire ticket period.
In the Continuous Data Method, the process variables of density, temperature and pressure are sampled every scan
cycle and the indicated volume of the meter is determined for each scan cycle as well. In the Continuous Data
Method, flow-weighted averages (however each average is determined) of temperature, pressure and density are
used to correct the total actual volume at operating conditions for each scan cycle period, as measured by the flow
meter and corrected by the meter factor, to what that total actual volume would be at standard temperature and
pressure conditions for each scan cycle period. Thus, the total indicated volume for any given scan cycle period is
corrected by the meter factor to determine the total gross volume for that scan cycle period; and, then the total gross
volume is corrected to the gross standard volume for that same given scan cycle period. The incremental gross
standard volumes determined for each scan cycle period would be summed on an accumulative basis for the entire
measurement period to yield the total gross standard volume for the entire batch.
Volumetric calculations and process variable acquisitions in the Continuous Data Method are not continuous, but
near continuous. As scan times in flow computers decrease, the process variable acquisition increases and will be
closer to continuous. A hidden assumption in the Continuous Data Method is that the samplings of the process
4
variables are the flow-weighted averages during the scan cycle to which they are applied. Strictly speaking, this
assumption is not true. As scan times decrease, these readings approach the true flow-weighted average.
When a ticket has been calculated by a flow computer using the Continuous Data Method, the reported data can be
used to make a calculation comparison using the Discrete Data Method. When this is done, the flow-weighted
average temperature, pressure and gross observed density is used to calculate the flow weighted average base
density. The discrimination levels of temperature, pressure and density should be the same as those reported on the
Continuous Data Method report for comparison purposes. While these two methods might yield slightly different
results due to the different rounding routines employed and the manner in which the data is acquired and processed,
the difference between the two results should lie within a maximum range of 0.02%.
The following will illustrate the comparison process:
Discrete Data Method A:
GSV A IV A MF CTPL (Tavg , Pavg ,RHO avg )

Continuous Data Method B:
n
GSVB IVi MF CTPLi (Ti,Pi,RHO i )

i 1
Since:
IVA MF IVi MF
i 1
And:
GSVB GSVA
Then:
CTPLi (Ti, Pi , RHOi )
CTPL(Tavg, Pavg, RHO avg) i 1

n
100
i 1
%
n
CTPL(Ti , Pi , RHOi )
i 1
i
i 1
Rounding or truncating initial and intermediate values in the Continuous Data Method has been eliminated.
Rounding will only be applied to the measurement ticket reported values; thus, older computer processor technology
or manual calculations may not reproduce the same exact results as modern machines or manual calculations using
this revised standard. Un-rounded numbers in no way imply measurement accuracies to those levels. Measurement
accuracies are solely dependent upon each measurement device. The intent of this standard is to allow for
increased accuracy and discrimination levels of inputs as they become available. Identical input data should give
different users identical results.
Annexes provided in this standard will contain methods for calculation of base prover volumes derived from
calibration of provers.
The intent of this document is to serve as a rigorous standard. Examples are provided to aid the user in checking
computations developed using the requirements of this standard.
Chapter 12 Calculation of Petroleum Quantities

Section 2 Calculation of Petroleum Quantities Using Dynamic Measurement Methods
1 Scope
This document provides standardized calculation methods for the quantification of liquids and the determination of
base prover volumes under defined conditions, regardless of the point of origin or destination or the units of measure
required by governmental customs or statute. The criteria contained in this document allow different entities using
various computer languages on different computer hardware (or manual calculations) to arrive at output results within
a defined tolerance within this document, using the same input data.
The publication rigorously specifies the equations for computing correction factors, rules for rounding, calculation
sequence, and discrimination levels to be employed in the calculations. No deviations from these specifications shall
be permitted since the intent of this document is to serve as a rigorous standard. This document also covers multiple
calculations as required by dynamic, online, integrated, continuous, flow measurement.
2 Normative References
The following reference documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references,
only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document applies
(including any addenda and/or errata). API MPMS Chapters are sometimes organized into sections and parts.
API MPMS Chapter 9, Density Determination
API MPMS Chapter 11, Physical Properties Data (Volume Correction Factors)
API MPMS Chapter 11.1, (2004 ed) Temperature and Pressure Volume Correction Factors for Generalized Crude
Oils, Refined Products, and Lubricating Oils
API MPMS Chapter 11.2.2, Compressibility Factors for Hydrocarbons: 0.350-0.637 Relative Density (60 F/60 F)
and -50 F to 100 F Metering Temperature
API MPMS Chapter 11.2.2M, Compressibility Factors for Hydrocarbons: 350-637 Kilograms per Cubic Meter Density
(15 C) and -46 C to 60 C Metering Temperature
API MPMS Chapter 11.2.4, Temperature Correction for the Volume of NGL and LPG Tables 23E, 24E, 53E, 54E,
59E, 60E
API MPMS Chapter 13.2, Methods of Evaluating Meter Proving Data
3 Terms and Definitions

For the purposes of this document the following terms and definitions apply. Terms of more general use may be
found in API MPMS Chapter 1 Online Terms and Definitions Database.
3.1
absolute pressure
Pressure measured relative to a complete vacuum with no pressure taken as zero.
3.2
barrel
A unit of volume of petroleum equal to 9,702.0 cubic inches or 42.0 US gallons.
3.3
base conditions
Reference pressure and temperature conditions, as defined by standards, regulations or contracts, used in custody
transfer measurement calculations of fluid volumes and other calculations.
7
3.4
base prover volume (BPV)
The volume of the prover at base conditions as shown on the calibration certificate.
3.5
calibrated prover volume (CPV)
The volume of the prover at base conditions as determined from one prover calibration run by the waterdraw method
or from one prover calibration run set by the master meter method.
3.6
calibration certificate
A report documenting the calibration of a measurement device such as a meter prover, a thermometer or pressure
gauge and its traceability to a national metrological institute (e.g., National Institute of Standards and Technology for
the USA).
3.7
calibration run set
A series of defined events at a single flow rate that involve proving a master meter with a master prover, making a
series of calibration runs on a field prover with the master meter, and then re-proving the master meter to form a
single Calibrated Prover Volume as one of the three consecutive sets required in the calibration of a meter prover by
the master meter method.
3.8
certified temperature or pressure device
A temperature or pressure measurement device documented to have been calibrated over the operating range
against an appropriate standard traceable to primary standards maintained by an internationally recognized
standards organization such as the National Institute of Standards and Technology.
3.9
combined correction factor (CCF)
A factor that combines two or more correction factors (e.g., CTS, CPS, CTL, CPL, and MF )
3.10
composite K-factor (CKF)
A K-factor, adjusted at the time of proving, from assumed normal operating meter pressure during the ticket period to
base pressure, when it is desired to not have to calculate the correction for compressibility at the time of the
measurement ticket calculation, and where it is assumed that the pressure, temperature and density are constant
during the ticket period.
3.11
composite meter factor (CMF)
A meter factor, adjusted at the time of proving, from assumed normal operating meter pressure during the ticket
period to base pressure, when it is desired to not have to calculate the correction for compressibility at the time of the
measurement ticket calculation, and where it is assumed that the pressure, temperature and density are constant
during the ticket period.
3.12
correction for temperature of steel (CTS)
Correction for changes in length, area or volume of a steel prover, tank, tank car or other vessel, due to changes in
the steel temperature between its reference temperature and its operation or calibration temperature.
3.13
density weighted average (DWA)
The volume weighted average density at the meter for the measurement period.
3.14
gauge pressure
Pressure measured relative to atmospheric pressure with one atmosphere taken as zero.
3.15
gross standard volume (GSV)
The gross volume (GV) corrected to base temperature and pressure conditions.
.
3.16
gross volume (GV)
The actual volume of fluids at flowing temperature and pressure.
3.17
high vapor pressure liquid
A liquid that at operating conditions has a vapor pressure equal to, or greater than, atmospheric pressure.
3.18
indicated standard volume (ISV)
The indicated volume corrected to base temperature and pressure.
3.19
indicated volume (IV)
The transferred quantity, in indicated (uncorrected) volume units, at operating conditions, that occurs between
opening and closing gauges on a tank, during a meter proving with each run, or that occurs from start to stop of a
receipt or delivery being measured by a flow meter.
3.20
K-Factor
The number of pulses generated by the meter per gross unit volume.
3.21
low vapor pressure liquid
A liquid that at operating conditions has a vapor pressure less than or equal to atmospheric pressure.
3.22
master meter
A meter that transfers traceability from a master prover to another flow meter or to a field prover.
3.23
master meter factor (MMF)
A factor used to correct the indicated volume (IVmm) of the master meter at operating conditions to the gross volume
(GVmm) of the master meter at operating conditions.
3.24
master prover (mp)
A displacement or open tank prover which is calibrated by the waterdraw or gravimetric method with volumetric or
mass standards traceable to a national metrological institute and which is subsequently used to prove other field
meters or to calibrate another field prover.
3.25
measurement ticket
The generalized term used to embrace and supersede expressions of long standing such as run ticket, meter
ticket, and receipt and delivery ticket that are used to document the measurement of a custody transfer of
hydrocarbon liquid.
3.26
meter accuracy (MA)
A divisor used to correct the indicated volume (IVm) of the meter at operating conditions to the gross volume (GVm)
of the meter at operating conditions.
3.27
meter factor (MF)
A factor used to correct the indicated volume (IVm) of the meter at operating conditions to the gross volume (GVm) of
the meter at operating conditions.
3.28
meter reading (MR)
The instantaneous display of the register on a meter head or in a flow computer.
3.29
net standard volume (NSV)
The gross standard volume (GSV) corrected to exclude non-merchantable components such as sediment and water
(S&W).
3.30
Newtonian fluid
A fluid, whose viscosity is unaffected by the kind of magnitude of motion or agitation to which it may be subjected, as
long as the temperature remains constant.
3.31
NIST traceability
Property of a measurement result whereby the result can be traced back to NIST by an unbroken chain of
calibrations.
3.32
nominal K-factor (NKF)
The number of pulses generated or electronically manufactured by the meter per indicated unit volume.
3.33
pass
A single movement of the displacer, in a displacement prover, that activates the start-stop detectors.
3.34
pressure weighted average (PWA)
The volume weighted average pressure at the meter for the measurement period.
3.35
primary standard
A measurement standard whose value is determined by NIST or other National Metrological Institute.
3.36
prover calibration certificate
A document package stating the Base Prover Volume (BPV) which includes the physical and run data used to
calculate the base prover volume, and the traceability documentation.
3.37
proving report
A document showing all the meter and prover data, together with all the other parameters used to calculate the
reported meter factor.
10
3.38
reference conditions
The base conditions of temperature and pressure (e.g., 60 degrees F and 0 psig, 60 degrees F and equilibrium vapor
pressure, 15 degrees C and 101.325 kPa, or 15 degrees C and equilibrium vapor pressure) to which measured
volumes are to be corrected.
3.39
reference pressure (Pb)
The base conditions of pressure (e.g., 0 psig, 14.696 psia, 101.325 kPa, and equilibrium vapor pressure) to which
measured volumes are to be corrected.
3.40
reference temperature (Tb)
The base conditions of temperature (e.g., 60 degrees F and 15 degrees C) to which measured volumes are to be
corrected.
3.41
round trip
The combination of a single pass of the displacer in one direction (e.g., forward) followed by a single pass of the
displacer in the opposite direction (e.g., back) in a bi-directional displacement prover.
3.42
run
One pass of the displacer between detectors on a unidirectional prover; one round trip of the displacer between
detectors on a bi-directional prover; one filling or emptying of an atmospheric tank prover between the upper neck
scale level reading and the lower neck scale level reading or zero reference on an open tank prover; or, a single start
and stop proving test run with a master meter in series with a line meter.
3.43
secondary standard
A measurement standard whose value is traceable to, but one step removed from, the primary standard.
3.44
standard conditions
Standard temperature and pressure in a given geographic region that may or may not be the same as the base or
reference temperature and pressure used for custody transfer calculations of liquid hydrocarbons in that region or
under a given contract.
3.45
target BPV
A term associated with the calibration of an open tank prover which refers to adjusting the sight glass scale(s) so that
the target volume as indicated by the scale(s) agrees with the base prover volume as determined by calibration.
3.46
temperature weighted average (TWA)
The volume weighted average temperature at the meter for the measurement period.
3.47
weighted average
An average in which each incremental component of the average is weighted according to its impact upon the whole.
4 Symbols and Abbreviations

For the purposes of this document the following symbols and abbreviations apply. These symbols and abbreviations
have been translated into words to aid in providing clarity and specificity of the mathematical treatments given in the
text; however, the words used are not to be considered to be complete definitions. In many cases the symbols have
11
additional letters added at the end to help clarify their meaning and application. Subscripts have been avoided. The
use of capital and lower case letters is intentional in the manner portrayed.
4.1
Units
-
SI
International System of Units (e.g., bars, kPa, cubic meters, kilograms, C)
USC
U.S. Customary Units (e.g., psi, cubic inches, gallons, barrels, pounds, F)
4.2
Pipe Dimensions
-
ID
Inside diameter of prover pipe
OD
Outside diameter of prover pipe
WT
Wall thickness of prover pipe
4.3
Liquid Density
-
API
API Gravity Scale, expressed in API, that is derived from Relative Density
APIb
API Gravity Base, at base temperature (Tb) and pressure (Pb)
APIgobs
API Gravity Gross Observed, AFTER any necessary corrections to APIobs (e.g., HYC and DMF)
have been applied to the observed API gravity (APIobs)
APIobs
API Gravity Observed, at observed temperature (Tobs or Tdm) and pressure (Pobs or Pdm) of the
liquid being measured by the density device, BEFORE any necessary corrections (e.g., HYC and
DMF) have been applied
APIalt
API Gravity Alternate, is the calculated API Gravity at the primary device (e.g., PD, turbine,
Coriolis, USM) at its operating temperature and pressure
APIwa
Flow-weighted Average, of the gross observed API gravity (APIgobs) for the measurement
period of the batch or batch segment at TWAdm and PWAdm
DEN
Density in kilograms of mass per cubic meter (kg/m3) units
DENb
DEN Base, at base temperature (Tb) and pressure (Pb)
DENgobs
DEN Gross Observed, AFTER any necessary corrections (e.g., HYC and DMF) have been
applied to the observed density (DENobs)
DENobs
DEN Observed, at observed temperature (Tobs or Tdm) and pressure (Pobs or Pdm) of the liquid
being measured by the density device, BEFORE any necessary corrections (e.g., HYC and DMF)
have been applied
DENalt
DEN Alternate, is the calculated density at the primary device (e.g., PD, turbine, Coriolis,
USM) at its operating temperature and pressure
DENwa
Flow-weighted Average, of the gross observed density (DENgobs) for the measurement
RD
Relative Density
RDb
RD Base, at base temperature (Tb) and pressure (Pb)
RDgobs
RD Gross Observed, AFTER any necessary corrections (e.g., HYC and DMF) have been
applied to the observed relative density (RDobs)
12
RDobs
RD Observed, at observed temperature (Tobs or Tdm) and pressure (Pobs or Pdm) of the liquid
have been applied
RDalt
RD Alternate, is the calculated relative density at the primary device (e.g., PD, turbine, Coriolis,
RDwa
Flow-weighted Average, of the gross observed relative density (RDgobs) for the measurement
RHO
Generic expression for density, relative density and API Gravity
RHOb
RHO Base, at base temperature (Tb) and pressure (Pb)
RHOgobs
RHO Gross Observed, AFTER any necessary corrections (e.g., HYC and DMF) have been
applied to the observed density (RHOobs)
RHOobs
RHO Observed, at observed temperature (Tobs or Tdm) and pressure (Pobs or Pdm) of the liquid
have been applied
RHOalt
RHO Alternate, is the calculated density at the primary device (e.g., PD, turbine, Coriolis,
RHOwa
Flow-weighted Average, of the gross observed density (RHOgobs) for the measurement
RHOP
Density of the water in the prover during a waterdraw calibration
RHOM
Density of the water in the field standard test measurement during a waterdraw calibration
4.4
Temperature
-
Celsius temperature scale
Fahrenheit temperature scale
Temperature
Tb
Temperature at base conditions
Td
Temperature at the detector mounting shaft on a prover with external detectors
TdAVG
Average Td during proving or calibration
Tdm
Temperature at the density meter
TdmAVG
Average Tdm during proving or calibration
Tm
Temperature at the flow meter
TmAVG
Average Tm during proving or calibration
Tmm
Temperature at the master meter
TmmAVG
Average Tmm during proving or calibration
Tmp
Temperature at the master prover
TmpAVG
Average Tmp during proving or calibration
Tobs
Temperature of the fluid observed at the hydrometer or densitometer
Tp
Temperature at the field prover
TpAVG
Average Tp during proving or calibration
Tfstm
Temperature at the field standard test measure
13
TWA
Flow-weighted average temperature during the measurement period of the batch or segment
TWAdm
TWA for the online density meter
TWAm
TWA for the flow meter
4.5
Pressure
-
Bar
Unit of pressure in bars
Bara
Bars in absolute pressure units
Barg
Bars in gauge pressure units
kPa
Unit of pressure in Kilopascals
kPaa
Kilopascals in absolute pressure units
kPag
Kilopascals in gauge pressure units
Pressure
Pa
Pressure in absolute pressure units
Pg
Pressure in gauge pressure units
Pb
Pressure at base conditions
Pba
Pb in absolute pressure units
Pbg
Pb in gauge pressure units
PE
Equilibrium vapor pressure in absolute pressure units
PEb
Equilibrium vapor pressure at base temperature in absolute pressure units
PEdm
Equilibrium vapor pressure at the density meter in absolute pressure units
PEm
Equilibrium vapor pressure at the meter in absolute pressure units
PEmm
Equilibrium vapor pressure at the master meter in absolute pressure units
PEmp
Equilibrium vapor pressure at the master prover in absolute pressure units
PEp
Equilibrium vapor pressure at the field prover in absolute pressure units
PEG
Equilibrium vapor pressure in gauge pressure units
PEGb
Equilibrium vapor pressure at base temperature in gauge pressure units
PEGdm
Equilibrium vapor pressure at the density meter or hydrometer in gauge pressure units
PEGm
Equilibrium vapor pressure at the meter in gauge pressure units
PEGmm
Equilibrium vapor pressure at the master meter in gauge pressure units
PEGmp
Equilibrium vapor pressure at the master prover in gauge pressure units
PEGobs
Equilibrium vapor pressure observed at the hydrometer or densitometer
PEGp
Equilibrium vapor pressure at the field prover in gauge pressure units
Pdm
Pressure at the density meter in gauge pressure units
Pm
Pressure at the flow meter in gauge pressure units
Pmm
Pressure at the master meter in gauge pressure units
Pmp
Pressure at the master prover in gauge pressure units
Pobs
Pressure of the fluid observed at the hydrometer or densitometer
14
Pp
Pressure at the field prover in gauge pressure units
Pfstm
Pressure at the field standard test measure in gauge pressure units
PdmAVG
Average Pdm during proving or calibration in gauge pressure units
PmAVG
Average Pm during proving or calibration in gauge pressure units
PmmAVG Average Pmm during proving or calibration in gauge pressure units
PmpAVG
Average Pmp during proving or calibration in gauge pressure units
PpAVG
Average Pp during proving or calibration in gauge pressure units
psi
Units of pressure in pounds per square inch
psia
Pounds per square inch in absolute pressure units
psig
Pounds per square inch in gauge pressure units
PWA
Flow-weighted average pressure during the measurement period of the batch or segment
PWAdm
PWA for the online density meter in gauge pressure units
PWAm
PWA for the flow meter in gauge pressure units
4.6
Correction Factors and Coefficients
-
CCF
Combined correction factor
CCFcomp Combined correction factor for a measurement ticket using a composite meter factor
CCFm
Combined correction factor for the meter during proving, calibration or a measurement ticket
CCFmm
Combined correction factor for the master meter during proving or calibration
CCFmp
Combined correction factor for the master prover during proving or calibration
CCFp
Combined correction factor for the field prover during proving or calibration
CCTS
Combined correction factor for the effect of temperature on the steel of the prover and test measure
CKF
Composite K-factor
CMF
Composite meter factor
CPL
Correction for the compressibility effect of pressure on a liquid
CPLnormal CPL for calculating a composite meter factor at the normal operating pressure on a meter
CPLm
CPL for the meter during a meter proving, calibration or measurement ticket
CPLmm
CPL for the master meter during proving or calibration
CPLmp
CPL for the master prover during proving or calibration
CPLp
CPL for the field prover during a meter proving or calibration
CPLfstm
CPL for the field standard test measure
CPLwa
CPL for the flow meter during the measurement period of the batch or segment
CPS
Correction for the effect of pressure on the steel
CPSmp
CPS for the master prover
CPSp
CPS for the field prover
CSW
Correction for suspended sediment and water
CTL
Correction for the effect of temperature on a liquid
15
CTDW
Correction for the effect of temperature differences in the water
CTLm
CTL for the meter during a meter provng, calibration or measurement ticket
CTLmm
CTL for the master meter during a meter proving or calibration
CTLmp
CTL for the master prover during a meter proving or calibration
CTLp
CTL for the field prover during a meter proving or calibration
CTLwa
CTL for the flow meter during the measurement period of the batch or segment
CTS
Correction for the effect of temperature on the steel
CTSfstm
Correction for the volumetric effect of temperature on the steel of the field standard test measure
CTSmp
Correction for the volumetric effect of temperature on the steel of the master prover
CTSp
Correction for the volumetric effect of temperature on the steel of the field prover
CTSA
CTS for thermal area expansion of steel
CTSAmp
CTSA for the master prover with external detectors
CTSAp
CTSA for the field prover with external detectors
CTSC
CTS for thermal cubic expansion of steel
CTSCmp
CTSC for the master prover with a free displacer or the master tank prover
CTSCp
CTSC for the field prover with a free displacer or the field tank prover
CTSfstm
CTSC for the field standard test measure
CTSCD
CTSC for the prover with external detectors
CTSCDmp CTSCD for the master prover with external detectors
CTSCDp
CTSCD for the field prover with external detectors
CTSL
CTS for thermal linear expansion of steel
CTSLmp
CTSL for the master prover with a free displacer
CTSLp
CTSL for the field prover with a free displacer
CTSLfstm CTSL for the field standard test measure
CTSLD
CTSLDmp CTSLD for the master prover with external detectors
CTSLDp
CTSLD for the field prover with external detectors
DMF
Density meter factor (synonym for DCF)
DCF
Density Correction Factor (synonym for DMF)
Modulus of elasticity of the steel
Emp
Modulus of elasticity of the steel of a master prover
Ep
Modulus of elasticity of the steel of a field prover
Compressibility factor of a liquid
Fm
F factor at the meter
Fmm
F factor at the master meter
Fmp
F factor at the master prover
Fn
F factor for normal operating conditions
Fp
F factor at the prover
CTSL for the detector rod on a prover with external detectors
16
Fs
Scaled compressibility factor of a liquid as calculated in Chapter 11.1
GA
Mean coefficient of thermal area expansion
GAmp
GA for the master prover with external detectors
GAp
GA for the field prover with external detectors
GC
Mean coefficient of thermal cubic expansion
GCmp
GC for the master prover with a free displacer or the master tank prover
GCp
GC for the field prover with a free displacer or the field tank prover
GCfstm
GC for the field standard test measure
GL
Mean coefficient of thermal linear expansion
GLmp
GL for the master prover barrel
GLp
GL for the field prover barrel
GLfstm
GL for the field standard test measure
GLD
GL for the detector mounting shaft on a prover with external detectors
GLDmp
GLD for the master prover with external detectors
GLDp
GLD for the field prover with external detectors
HYC
Hydrometer Correction Factor (reference API Chapter 9 for details)
IKF
Intermediate K-factor
IMF
Intermediate meter factor
IMMF
Intermediate master meter factor
KF
K-Factor
MA
Meter accuracy factor
MF
Meter Factor
MMF
Master meter factor
MMFstart
MMF at the start of each master meter calibration run
MMFstop
MMF at the stop of each master meter calibration run
MMFavg
Average MMF
NKF
Nominal K-Factor for the meter during a measurement period
NKFm
Nominal K-Factor for the meter during a meter proving
NKFmm
Nominal K-Factor for the master meter during a meter proving
4.7
Volumes
-
BMV
Base test measure volume
BMVa
Base test measure volume adjusted for scale reading
BPV
Base prover volume
BPVa
Base tank prover volume adjusted for upper and lower scale readings
BPVamp
BPVa of the tank master prover
BPVmp
BPV of the master prover
17
CPV
Calibrated prover volume
GSV
Gross standard volume
GSVm
GSV of the meter during a measurement ticket
GSVmm
GSV of the master meter during a meter proving or calibration
GSVmp
GSV of the master prover during a meter proving or calibration
GSVp
GSV of the field prover during a meter proving or calibration
GV
Gross volume
IV
Indicated volume
IVm
IV for the meter during a meter proving, calibration or measurement ticket
IVmm
IV for the master meter during a meter proving or calibration
ISV
Indicated standard volume
ISVm
ISV for the meter during a meter proving or measurement ticket
ISVmm
ISV for the master meter during a meter proving or calibration
MMRc
Closing master meter reading
MMRo
Opening master meter reading
MPc
Closing meter pulse count
MPo
Opening meter pulse count
MRc
Closing meter reading
MRo
Opening meter reading
Number of whole pulses for a single proving run
Nb
N pulses corrected to base conditions
Ni
Number of interpolated pulses for a single proving run
Nib
Ni Pulses corrected to base conditions
N(avg)
Average number of whole pulses
Ni(avg)
Average number of interpolated pulses
Nb
Number of whole or interpolated pulses under base or standard conditions
NSV
Net standard volume
Gross volume per unit pulse
%S&W
Volume percent of suspended sediment and water
SR
Scale reading of test measure
SRL
Lower scale reading of atmospheric tank prover
SRU
Upper scale reading of atmospheric tank prover
SWV
Sediment and water volume
Volume
Vb
Volume of container at base conditions
Vtp
Volume of container at operating temperature and pressure conditions
WD
Waterdraw test measure volume adjusted for scale reading and corrected for base temperature
WDz
Sum of all WD values for a single pass

18
WDzb
Sum of all WDz values corrected to base pressure
5 Field of Application
5.1 Applicable Fluids
This standard applies to fluids that, for all practical purposes, are considered to be Newtonian, single-phase, and
homogeneous at metering conditions. Most fluids and dense phase fluids associated with the petroleum and
petrochemical industries are considered to be Newtonian.
The application of this standard is limited to fluids that utilize appropriate density and volume correlations. If multiple
parties are involved in the measurement, the method for determining the densities of the liquid shall be mutually
agreed upon by all concerned.
It is the intent of this standard that measurement tickets and meter provings utilize the physical property standards
from API, ASTM, and GPA as appropriate to the fluids being measured.
5.2 Base Conditions
Historically, the measurement of all petroleum fluids, for both custody transfer and process control is stated in volume
units at base (or reference or standard) conditions. The base conditions for the measurement of fluids, such as
crude petroleum and its liquid products, having a vapor pressure equal to or less than atmospheric at base
temperature are as follows:
International System (SI) Units:
Pressure: 101.325 kPa (14.696 psia)
Temperature: 15.00C (59.00F)
United States Customary (USC) Units:
Pressure: 14.696 psia (101.325 kPaa)
Temperature: 60.0F (15.56C)
For hydrocarbon fluids having a vapor pressure that is greater than atmospheric pressure at base temperature, the
base pressure shall be the equilibrium vapor pressure at base temperature.
For liquid applications, base conditions may change from one country to the next due to governmental regulations or
to different national standards requirements. Therefore, it is necessary that the base conditions shall be identified
and specified for standardized volumetric flow measurement by all parties involved in the measurement.
6 Uncertainty
6.1 General
A custody transfer facility should be considered from a comprehensive perspective. It shall be designed, built,
operated, and maintained properly to meet a predefined uncertainty. Uncertainties are a combination of
measurement, calculating and reporting errors.
All measurement facilities have one or both of two types of errors: bias or systematic type errors, which are fixed or
predictable offsets of the average of many readings from the true value; and random type errors, which are readings
randomly scattered about the true value of the bias offset.
The uncertainty of metered quantities results from a combination of the following:
19
a. the traceability chain associated with the field standards.

b. the calculation procedures and means of computation, including chart integrators, flow computers,
mainframes, and personal computers.
c.
the uncertainty associated with the liquid density predictions.
d. the sensitivity of the liquid temperature and pressure correction factors to errors in pressure, temperature and
base density determinations.
e. the design, installation, and operation of the metering facility.
f.
the choice of measurement equipment, including charts, transmitters, A/D converters, and data loggers.
g. the methods of calibration, calibration procedures, and types of calibration equipment.

h. the data transmission means, including analog, pneumatic, digital and manual types.
i.
the operating and calibration equipment effects due to such influences as ambient temperature, liquid
temperature, liquid pressure, response time, local gravitational forces, and atmospheric pressure.
j.
human factors.
6.2 Hierarchy of Accuracies (Traceability)

There is a hierarchy of accuracies in petroleum measurement, often referred to as a traceability chain, comprising of
both bias or systematic components, and random uncertainty components.
The concept of traceability describes how an instrument can be related to a national standard by calibrating it against
another device that is closer to the national standard in the traceability chain. For example, the waterdraw method
for calibrating provers consists of displacing the contents between detectors into a series of calibrated volumetric field
standard test measures, which have in turn been calibrated against a national primary standard by the national
weights and measures authority. The primary standard itself might be a volumetric type, a mass type or a
combination thereof. The traceability chain can be represented as:
National standard volumetric field test measures base prover volume meter
A meter will be three levels removed from the primary national standard, each successive level having a greater
uncertainty than the previous. This is because the uncertainty (systematic and random) of higher standards is part
of the uncertainty of lower standards. To expect equal or lower uncertainty in a lower level of the traceability chain
than that which exists in a higher level is mathematically impossible, given the bias uncertainty component
associated with the respective level in the chain. Taking a large number of determinations with high precision
devices and then finding their mean value minimizes random uncertainty.
In summary, the simplified traceability chain associated with a base prover volume contains both bias and random
components. The random component can be reduced during calibration by a large number of repeated
measurements, but no amount of repeated measurement can reduce the bias component, which provides a fixed
systematic contribution to the uncertainty of subsequent measurements.
7 Precision, Rounding and Averaging

Outline of Calculations
This procedure gives instructions and increments for rounding density, temperature, pressure, thermal expansion
coefficient, and volume correction factor values. These rounding rules are needed to generate the final volume
correction factor due to temperature and pressure and to generate the tables in printed tabular format. All input
values shall be rounded when generating the tables in format.
Calculation Procedure
20
Step 1: The following table shows acceptable units for the input and calculated variables and the increment to which
they should be rounded.
Variable Type
Units
Rounding Increment ()
Density
API
0.1
Relative
Density
0.0001
kg/m3
0.1
0.1
0.05
psig
kPa (gauge)
bar (gauge)
0.05
F-1
0.0000001
(0.110-6)
C-1
0.0000002
(0.210-6)
Temperature
Pressure
Thermal Expansion Coefficient ( 60 )
CTL
0.00001
Scaled Compressibility Factor ( FP )
psi-1
0.001
kPa-1
0.0001
bar
-1
0.01
CPL
0.00001
CTPL
0.00001
Step 2: Normalize the input variable.

X
Y
is the value to be rounded, X is its absolute value, is the rounding increment, and
normalized variable.
Where
Step 3: Find the integer closest to the normalized variable. If the decimal portion of
use the following equation for rounding:
is the
is not exactly equal to 0.5 then
I tru n c Y 0 .5
where t r u n c is the truncation function and I is the rounded value for the normalized variable. However, if
the decimal portion of Y is exactly equal to 0.5 then use the following equation for rounding:
trunc Y 1 if trunc Y is odd

I
.
trunc Y if trunc Y is even
Step 4: Rescale the integer from Step 3:

X round I
21
where X round is the rounded variable. The sign of the rounded value is chosen to match that of the original
value.
Step 5: Exit from this procedure.
Examples
A temperature of 5.34C is rounded to the nearest 0.05 C as:
5.34
Y
106.8
0.05
I tru n c 10 6 .8 0 .5 tru n c 1 07 .3 1 07
X round 0.05 107 5.35
A temperature of -5.34C is rounded to the nearest 0.05 C as:

5.34
Y
106.8
0.05
I tru n c 10 6 .8 0 .5 tru n c 1 07 .3 1 07
X round 0.05 107 5.35
A temperature of 10.05F should be rounded to the nearest 0.1 F as follows:

10.05
Y
100.5
0.1
I trunc 100.5 100 (rounding towards the even integer)
X round 0.1 100 10.0
7.1
Rounding for Discrete Data Method A
7.1.1
Precision (Method A)
The minimum precision of the computing hardware shall be equal to or greater than a ten-digit calculator to obtain the
same answer in all calculations. The general rounding rules and discrimination levels are described in the following
subsections.
7.1.2 Rounding (Method A)
Specific rules apply, for when and where to round, when rounding is to be performed using Method A. All
calculations are to be rounded in strict accordance with the exact discrimination levels for Method A in Section 7.4 of
this document. In keeping with the hierarchy of accuracies, these levels may vary with the different applications of
measurement tickets, meter provings, and prover calibrations.
There are combinations of factors that are derived by chain multiplication to produce a combined correction factor.
When chain multiplying is allowed for this purpose, the combined correction factor is also rounded in accordance with
the exact discrimination levels for Method A in Section 7.4 of this document.
General procedures for rounding in accordance with Method A:
a) Convert the raw number to be rounded to an absolute number (i.e., change a negative sign to positive)
b) Determine the incremental rounding value (e.g., 0.01, 0.10, 0.25)
c) Divide the raw number to be rounded by the incremental rounding value for the quotient
d) If the decimal portion is less than 0.50000 the value of the quotient integer remains unchanged
e) If the decimal portion is greater than 0.50000 the value of the quotient integer is incremented by one
f)
If the decimal portion is equal to 0.50000 the value of the quotient integer is incremented by one
22
g) Multiply the new integer value by the incremental rounding value

h) Assign a value of -1 to s if the original raw number < 0 or assign a value of +1 to s if the original raw
number < 0.
Formula when value at the retention point remains unchanged:
a
0 b s Final Rounded Value FRV

b
(1)
INTEGER
Formula when value at the retention point is to be incremented by one:

a
b
(2)
INTEGER
Where:
a = raw number to be rounded expressed as an absolute number
b = the incremental rounding value (e.g., 0.01, 0.10, 0.25)
s = value used to restore the sign of the FRV to that of the original raw number
Examples of Rounding (Method A):
Example for rounding 10.62499 to the nearest incremental rounding value of 0.25: Divide 10.62499 by 0.25 to obtain
42.49996. Since the decimal portion is less than 0.50000 the integer portion will remain unchanged at 42. Multiply
42 by 0.25 to obtain the final rounded value of 10.50.
42.50004. Since the decimal portion is greater than 0.50000 the integer portion will be incremented by one to
become 43. Multiply 43 by 0.25 to obtain the final rounded value of 10.75.
42.50000. Since the decimal portion is equal to 0.50000 the integer portion will be incremented by one to become
43. Multiply 43 by 0.25 to obtain the final rounded value of 10.75. See Method B for a variation in this scenario.
Illustration 1 Examples of Rounding (Method A)
(a)
10.12499
10.12500
10.12501
10.37499
10.37500
10.37501
10.62499
10.62500
10.62501
10.87499
10.87500
10.87501
(b)
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.25
Quotient
40.49996
40.50000
40.50004
41.49996
41.50000
41.50004
42.49996
42.50000
42.50004
43.49996
43.50000
43.50004
Integer
40
40
40
41
41
41
42
42
42
43
43
43
Decimal
0.49996
0.50000
0.50004
0.49996
0.50000
0.50004
0.49996
0.50000
0.50004
0.49996
0.50000
0.50004
7.1.3 Field Data (Method A)
23
<0.5>
<
=
>
<
=
>
<
=
>
<
=
>
OddorEven
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
NewInteger
40
41
41
41
42
42
42
43
43
43
44
44
FRV
10.00
10.25
10.25
10.25
10.50
10.50
10.50
10.75
10.75
10.75
11.00
11.00
All required field data shall be recorded and rounded in accordance with the exact discrimination levels for Method A
in Section 8 of this document. In keeping with the hierarchy of accuracies, these levels may vary with the different
applications of measurement tickets, meter proving reports, and prover calibration reports.
Discrimination levels greater than those specified shall not be used for discrete data method. In most cases the
number of decimal places is influenced by the source of the data itself. For example, if the parties agree to use a
thermometer graduated in 0.2 F increments, then the device is normally read to levels of 0.1 F. Another example
would be, if the parties agree to use a thermometer graduated in 0.1 C increments, then the device is normally read
to levels of 0.05 C. If the parties agree to use a smart temperature transmitter, which can indicate to 0.01F or
0.005C, the readings shall be rounded to the nearest 0.1F or 0.05C as indicated in Table 3 prior to recording for
calculation purposes.
7.2 Rounding for Continuous Data Method B
7.2.1
Precision (Method B)
The minimum precision of the computing hardware shall be equal to or greater than 64-bit floating point IEEE
operations to obtain the same answer in all calculations. The general rounding rules and discrimination levels are
described in the following subsections.
7.2.2 Rounding (Method B)
Specific rules apply for when and where to round. When rounding is performed, it shall be done in strict accordance
with the discrimination levels for Method B in Section 8 of this document. In keeping with the hierarchy of accuracies,
these levels may vary with the different applications of measurement tickets, meter provings, and prover calibrations.
There may be occasions, such as measurement reports, displays, data logs and communications, where rounding or
truncating is performed at the end of a multiplication chain in order to meet a special need.
General procedures for rounding in accordance with Method B:
a) Convert the raw number to be rounded to an absolute number (i.e., change a negative sign to positive)
b) Determine the incremental rounding value (e.g., 0.01, 0.10, 0.25)
c) Divide the raw number to be rounded by the incremental rounding value for the quotient
d) If the decimal portion is less than 0.50000 the value of the quotient integer remains unchanged
e) If the decimal portion is greater than 0.50000 the value of the quotient integer is incremented by one
f)
If the decimal portion is equal to 0.50000 determine whether the quotient integer is odd or even
a. If the quotient integer is odd increment the quotient integer by one
b. If the quotient integer is even the quotient remains unchanged
g) Multiply the new integer value by the incremental rounding value

i) Assign a value of -1 to s if the original raw number < 0 or assign a value of +1 to s if the original raw number <
0. Formula when value at the retention point remains unchanged:
a

b
(1)
INTEGER
Formula when value at the retention point is to be incremented by one:
a
b
(2)
INTEGER
Where:
24
a = raw number to be rounded expressed as an absolute number

b = the incremental rounding value (e.g., 0.01, 0.10, 0.25)
s = value used to restore the sign of the FRV to that of the original raw number
Examples of Rounding (Method B):

42.49996. Since the decimal portion is less than 0.50000 the integer portion will remain unchanged at 42. Multiply
42 by 0.25 to obtain the final rounded value of 10.50.
42.50004. Since the decimal portion is greater than 0.50000 the integer portion will be incremented by one to
become 43. Multiply 43 by 0.25 to obtain the final rounded value of 10.75.
42.50000. The decimal portion is equal to 0.50000 so the integer portion shall be evaluated to see if it is odd or
even. Since the value 42 is even, the integer portion will remain unchanged at 42. Multiply 42 by 0.25 to obtain the
final rounded value of 10.50. See Method A for a variation in this scenario.
41.50000. The decimal portion is equal to 0.50000 so the integer portion shall be evaluated to see if it is odd or
even. Since the value 41 is odd, the integer portion will be incremented by one to become 42. Multiply 42 by 0.25 to
obtain the final rounded value of 10.50. See Method A for a variation in this scenario.
Illustration 2 Examples of Rounding (Method B)
(a)
10.12499
10.12500
10.12501
10.37499
10.37500
10.37501
10.62499
10.62500
10.62501
10.87499
10.87500
10.87501
7.2.3
(b)
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.25
Quotient
40.49996
40.50000
40.50004
41.49996
41.50000
41.50004
42.49996
42.50000
42.50004
43.49996
43.50000
43.50004
Integer
40
40
40
41
41
41
42
42
42
43
43
43
Decimal
0.49996
0.50000
0.50004
0.49996
0.50000
0.50004
0.49996
0.50000
0.50004
0.49996
0.50000
0.50004
<0.5>
<
=
>
<
=
>
<
=
>
<
=
>
OddorEven
Even
Even
Even
Odd
Odd
Odd
Even
Even
Even
Odd
Odd
Odd
NewInteger
40
40
41
41
42
42
42
42
43
43
44
44
FRV
10.00
10.00
10.25
10.25
10.50
10.50
10.50
10.50
10.75
10.75
11.00
11.00
Field Data (Method B)
All volume weighted average field data shall be recorded and rounded in accordance with the discrimination levels for
Method B in Section 8 of this document.
7.3 Averaging
Correction factors used in flow equations are derived using process input data such as density (RHOgobs),
temperature (Tm and Tdm), and pressure (Pm and Pdm). Data used to calculate those correction factors shall be
averaged on a volume- or mass-weighted basis and are normally referred to as flow weighted averages (FWA).
A Flow Weighted Average (FWA) is not a raw instrument reading, but a mean statistical distribution of the sum of all
of the raw instrument readings proportional to total volume. Therefore, an FWA shall not be limited to the precision of
the instrument. The reported FWA is a statistical value generated by the continuous sampling of the process
25
variables during each calculation cycle of a measurement period. The continuous data method allows decimals to
float during this process. This provides assurance of unbiased FWA process variables at the end of the
measurement period. It also allows a replication of the ticket volumes when audited.
Technically, a volume-proportional average is a flow-weighted average and a mass-proportional average is a massweighted average but either average is commonly called a flow-weighted average. A flow-weighted average shall be
calculated by either averaging process data taken at uniform flow intervals or by averaging process data taken at
uniform time intervals that has been weighted by the flowing volumes or masses transferred during each of those
time intervals.
Flow-weighted Averages for any given Measurement Period
For constant volume-based methods:
A measurement period for Method A would normally be a complete batch. A measurement period for Method B
would normally be an incremental batch segment.
TWA and TWAdm are the averages of the temperature values sampled at uniform flowing volume increments during
the measurement period. PWA and PWAdm are the averages of the pressure values sampled at uniform flowing
volume increments during the measurement period. RHOwa is the average of the density values sampled at uniform
flowing volume increments during the measurement period.
TWA
Tmi....Tn
n
TWAdm
and:
Tdmi....Tdmn
n
(3)
Where:
Tmi is the sampled flow meter temperature at the ith interval as i varies from 1 to n
Tdmi is the sampled density meter temperature at the ith interval as i varies from 1 to n
n is the number of uniform volume intervals
PWA
Pmi....Pmn
n
PWAdm
and:
Pdmi....Pdmn
n
(4)
Where:
Pmi is the sampled flow meter pressure at the ith interval as i varies from 1 to n
Pdmi is the sampled density meter pressure at the ith interval as i varies from 1 to n
RHOwa
RHOgobsi....RHOgobs n
n
(5)
Where:
RHOgobsi is the sampled gross observed density at the ith interval as i varies from 1 to n
For constant time-based methods:
26
A measurement period for Method A would normally be for a complete batch; and, a measurement period for Method
B would normally be an incremental batch segment. TWA and TWAdm are the sums of the products of the
temperature values, sampled at each given uniform time increment, multiplied by the volume determined during that
same time interval, and then divided by the entire volume measured during the measurement period. PWA and
PWAdm are the sums of the products of the pressure values, sampled at each given uniform time increment,
multiplied by the volume determined during that same time interval, and then divided by the entire volume measured
during the measurement period. RHOwa is the sum of the products of the density values, sampled at each given
uniform time increment, multiplied by the volume determined during that same time interval, and then divided by the
entire volume measured during the measurement period.
TWA
Tmi Vi
Vt
and:
TWAdm
Tdmi Vi
Vt
(6)
Where:
Tmi is the sampled flow meter temperature at the ith interval as i varies from 1 to n
Tdmi is the sampled density meter temperature at the ith interval as i varies from 1 to n
n is the number of uniform time intervals
Vi is the measured volume of the ith interval as i varies from 1 to n
V is the total measured volume of the batch or incremental batch
PWA
Pmi Vi
V
and:
PWAdm
Pdmi Vi
V
(7)
Where:
Pmi is the sampled flow meter pressure at the ith interval as i varies from 1 to n
Pdmi is the sampled density meter pressure at the ith interval as i varies from 1 to n
VT is the total measured volume of the ith interval as I varies from 1 to n
RHOwa
RHOgobsi Vi
V
(8)
Where:
RHOgobsi is the sampled gross observed density (RHOgobs) at the ith interval as i varies from 1 to n
V is the total measured volume of the batch or incremental batch
Other flow weighted averages (e.g., gross observed density) are calculated analogously by substituting the desired
units in place of the temperature in Equations 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8. Mass-weighted averages are calculated
analogously to flow-weighted averages by substituting mass in place of volume in Equations 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8.
When on-line densitometers are used for calculating a measurement ticket, flow-weighted averages shall be used for
any given measurement period, whether for incremental ones as in method B, or for a whole batch when using
method A. For that reason, when re-calculating a method B prepared ticket using method A for comparison
27
purposes, Method B reports shall include the flow-weighted gross observed density along with TWA and PWA so that
Method A calculations can be made from Method B measurement tickets.
This standard expressly prohibits the use of time-weighted averages. It only allows the use of flow weighted
averages using either constant volume-based or constant time-based methods.
8 Discrimination Levels and Discrimination Tables

In the tables that follow, the number of digits shown as (X) in front of the decimal point are for illustrative purposes only,
and may have a value more or less than the number of (X) illustrated. The number of digits shown as (x) after the
decimal point are very specific, as they define the required discrimination level for each value described.
Tables 8 and 9 have letters, such as ABCD.xx, to the left of the decimal point, in this case the letters do give the actual
size of the value before the decimal and are intended to be specific, not illustrative. In cases where a value is shown
with the number 5 in the last decimal place, such as XX.x5, this is intended to signify that the last decimal place in the
value shall be rounded to either 0 or 5, no other value being permitted.
The calculated volume discrimination levels specified in Table 9 are in many circumstances greater than the
uncertainty of the measurements. The discrimination levels specified are not technically based, but comply with the
historical accounting practices for the petroleum industry.
All density values used on measurement ticket calculations for batches or segments of batches need to be flowweighted averages.
While Method A specifies exact discrimination in every case, Method B does so only for pipe dimensions and
coefficients. Method B otherwise specifies reporting discrimination, (e.g., display on flow computer or on printouts),
but in actual fact the decimals are floating. Un-rounded numbers in no way imply measurement accuracies to those
levels; measurement accuracies are solely dependent upon each measurement device. The intent of this standard is
to allow for increased accuracy and discrimination levels of inputs as they become available. Identical input data
should give different users identical results.
28
Table 1 Liquid Density Discrimination Levels

Method A
Exact Discrimination
Method B
Reporting Discrimination
API
DEN
3
(kg/m )
RD
API
DEN
3
(kg/m )
RD
Observed Density (RHOobs)
XXX.x
XXXX.x
X.xxxx
XXX.xx
XXXX.xx
X.xxxxx
Gross Observed Density

(RHOgobs)
XXX.x
XXXX.x
X.xxxx
XXX.xx
XXXX.xx
X.xxxxx
Base Density (RHOb)
XXX.x
XXXX.x
X.xxxx
XXX.xx
XXXX.xx
X.xxxxx
Flowing Density (RHOalt)
XXX.x
XXXX.x
X.xxxx
XXX.xx
XXXX.xx
X.xxxxx
Weighted Average Gross

Observed Density (RHOwa)
XXX.x
XXXX.x
X.xxxx
XXX.xx
XXXX.xx
X.xxxxx
Table 2 Dimensional Discrimination Levels

Method A and Method B
Meter Prover
US Customary
(inches)
SI Units
(mm)
XX.xxx
XXX.xx
Outside Diameter (OD)

Wall Thickness
(WT)
X.xxx
XX.xx
Inside Diameter
(ID)
XX.xxx
XXX.xx
Table 3 Temperature Discrimination Levels

Method A
Method B
US
Customary
(F)
SI
Units
(C)
US
Customary
(F)
SI
Units
(C)
Base Temperature (Tb)
60.0
15.0 or 20.0
60.0
15.0 or 20.0
Temperature (Tobs, Tdm, TdmAVG, Tm, TmAVG, Tmm,

TmmAVG)
XX.x
XX.x5
n/a
n/a
Density Meter Temperature (TWAdm)
XX.x
XX.x5
XX.xx
XX.xxx
Meter Temperature (TWAm)
XX.x
XX.x5
XX.xx
XX.xxx
Prover Temperature (Tp, TpAVG, Tmp, TmpAVG)
XX.x
XX.x5
XX.xx
XX.xxx
Detector Shaft Temperature (Td, TdAVG, TWAdm)
XX.x
XX.x5
XX.xx
XX.xxx
Table 4 - Pressure Discrimination Levels
continued on next page

Method A
Method B
(psia)
(psig)
(psia)
(psig)
14.696
0.0
14.696
0.0
Pressure (Pdm, PdmAVG, Pm, PmAVG, Pmm,

PmmAVG, Pp, PpAVG, Pmp, PmpAVG)
n/a
XX.0
n/a
XX.xx
Density Meter Pressure (PWAdm)
n/a
XX.0
n/a
XX.xx
Base Pressure (Pb, Pba, Pbg)
29
Table 4 - Pressure Discrimination Levels
continued from previous page

Method A
(psia)
(psig)
(psia)
(psia)
n/a
XX.0
n/a
XX.xx
XX.0
XX.0
XX.xxx
XX.xx
(kPaa)
(kPag)
(kPaa)
(kPag)
Meter Pressure (PWAm)

Equilibrium Vapor Pressure (PE, PEb, PEdm, PEm,
PEmm, PEmp, Pep)
Method B
101.325
0.0
101.325
0.0

n/a
XX.0
n/a
XX.x
n/a
XX.0
n/a
XX.x
n/a
XX.0
n/a
XX.x
XX.0
XX.0
XX.x
XX.x
(bara)
(barg)
(bara)
(barg)
1.01325
0.0
1.01325
0.0

n/a
XX.x
n/a
XX.xxx
n/a
XX.x
n/a
XX.xxx
n/a
XX.x
n/a
XX.xxx
XX.x
XX.x
XX.xx
XX.xxx

PEG, PEmm, PEmp, Pep)

PEG, PEmm, PEmp, Pep)
Table 5 Compressibility Factor Discrimination Levels (F, Fp, Fpm, Fpmp, Fpmm)
Method A
Method B
US
Customary
SI Units
Si Units
US Customary
SI Units
Si Units
(psi)
(bar)
(kPa)
(psi)
(bar)
(kPa)
0.00000xxx
0.0000xxx
0.000000xxx
0.00000xxx
0.0000xxx
0.000000xxx
0.0000xxxx
0.000xxxx
0.00000xxxx
0.0000xxxx
0.000xxxx
0.00000xxxx
0.000xxxxx
0.00xxxxx
0.0000xxxxx
0.000xxxxx
0.00xxxxx
0.0000xxxxx
Table 6 Discrimination Levels of Coefficients of Thermal Expansion
Continued on next page

Thermal Expansion Coefficients (commonly used values)
Type of Steel
Mild Carbon
US Customary
(per F)
SI Units
(per C)
Cubical Coefficients (GC)
Cubical Coefficients (GC)
0.0000186
0.0000335
30
304 Stainless
0.0000288
0.0000519
316 Stainless
0.0000267
0.0000480
17-4PH Stainless
0.0000180
0.0000324
Area Coefficients (GA)
Area Coefficients (GA)
Mild Carbon
0.0000124
0.0000223
304 Stainless
0.0000192
0.0000346
316 Stainless
0.0000178
0.0000320
17-4PH Stainless
0.0000120
0.0000216
Linear Coefficients (GL)
Linear Coefficients (GL)
Mild Carbon
0.0000062
0.00001116
304 Stainless
0.0000096
0.00001730
316 Stainless
0.0000089
0.00001600
17-4PH Stainless
0.0000060
0.00001080
Invar Rod
0.0000008
0.00000144
Table 7 Modulus of Elasticity Discrimination Levels (E)

US Customary
SI Units
SI Units
(psi)
(bar)
(kPa)
Mild Carbon Steel
30000000
2068000
206800000
304 Stainless Steel
28000000
1931000
193100000
316 Stainless Steel
28000000
1931000
193100000
17-4PH Stainless
28500000
1965000
196500000
Table 8 Correction Factor Discrimination Levels
continued on next page
Method A
Type of Discrimination
Method B
Exact
Exact
Exact
Reporting
Reporting
Reporting
Tickets
Proving
Calibration
Tickets
Proving
Calibration
CTSCp
X.xxxxx
X.xxxxxx
X.xxxxxx
X.xxxxxx
CTSCmp
X.xxxxx
X.xxxxxx
X.xxxxxx
X.xxxxxx
CTSCfstm
X.xxxxx
X.xxxxxx
X.xxxxxx
X.xxxxxx
CTSCDp
X.xxxxx
X.xxxxxx
X.xxxxxx
X.xxxxxx
Factor
31
CTSCDmp
X.xxxxx
X.xxxxxx
X.xxxxxx
X.xxxxxx
CPSp
X.xxxxx
X.xxxxxx
X.xxxxxx
X.xxxxxx
CPSmp
X.xxxxx
X.xxxxxx
X.xxxxxx
X.xxxxxx
CTL
X.xxxx
X.xxxxxx
CTLp
X.xxxxx
X.xxxxxx
X.xxxxxx
X.xxxxxx
CTLmp
X.xxxxx
X.xxxxxx
X.xxxxxx
X.xxxxxx
CTLm
X.xxxxx
X.xxxxxx
X.xxxxxx
X.xxxxxx
CTLmm
X.xxxxx
X.xxxxxx
X.xxxxxx
X.xxxxxx
CPL
X.xxxx
X.xxxxxx
CPLp
X.xxxxx
X.xxxxxx
X.xxxxxx
X.xxxxxx
CPLmp
X.xxxxx
X.xxxxxx
X.xxxxxx
X.xxxxxx
CPLm
X.xxxxx
X.xxxxxx
X.xxxxxx
X.xxxxxx
CPLmm
X.xxxxx
X.xxxxxx
X.xxxxxx
X.xxxxxx
CCF
X.xxxx
X.xxxxxx
CCFcomp
X.xxxx
X.xxxxxx
CCFm
X.xxxxx
X.xxxxxx
X.xxxxxx
X.xxxxxx
CCFmm
X.xxxxx
X.xxxxxx
X.xxxxxx
X.xxxxxx
CCFmp
X.xxxxx
X.xxxxxx
X.xxxxxx
X.xxxxxx
CCFp
X.xxxxx
X.xxxxxx
X.xxxxxx
X.xxxxxx
X.xxxxxx
X.xxxxxx
CSW
X.xxxxx
IMF
MF
X.xxxxx
X.xxxxx
X.xxxxx
X.xxxx
X.xxxxxx
IMMF
X.xxxxx
X.xxxxxx
X.xxxxxx
X.xxxxxx
MMF
X.xxxxx
X.xxxxxx
X.xxxxxx
X.xxxxxx
CMF
X.xxxx
X.xxxxxx
32
continued from previous page

Method B
Method A
Exact
Exact
Exact
Reporting
Reporting
Reporting
Factor
Tickets
Proving
Calibration
Tickets
Proving
Calibration
MA
X.xxxx
IKF
NKF
KF
CKF
X.xxxxxx
XX.xxxxx
XX.xxxxx
XX.xxxxx
XX.xxxxx
XXX.xxxx
XXX.xxxx
XXX.xxxx
XXX.xxxx
XXXX.xxx
XXXX.xxx
XXXX.xxx
XXXX.xxx
XXXXX.xx
XXXXX.xx
XXXXX.xx
XXXXX.xx
optional
optional
optional
optional
optional
optional
optional
optional
optional
optional
optional
optional
optional
optional
optional
optional
optional
optional
optional
optional
optional
optional
optional
optional
XX.xxxx
XX.xxxx
XX.xxxx
XX.xxxxx
XX.xxxxx
XX.xxxxx
XXX.xxx
XXX.xxx
XXX.xxx
XXX.xxxx
XXX.xxxx
XXX.xxxx
XXXX.xx
XXXX.xx
XXXX.xx
XXXX.xxx
XXXX.xxx
XXXX.xxx
XXXXX.x
XXXXX.x
XXXXX.x
XXXXX.xx
XXXXX.xx
XXXXX.xx
XX.xxxx
XX.xxxx
XX.xxxx
XX.xxxxx
XX.xxxxx
XX.xxxxx
XXX.xxx
XXX.xxx
XXX.xxx
XXX.xxxx
XXX.xxxx
XXX.xxxx
XXXX.xx
XXXX.xx
XXXX.xx
XXXX.xxx
XXXX.xxx
XXXX.xxx
XXXXX.x
XXXXX.x
XXXXX.x
XXXXX.xx
XXXXX.xx
XXXXX.xx
33
Table 9a - Volume Discrimination Levels SI Units

Method A
Method B
SI Units
SI Units
(cu. M)
(Liters)
(cu. M)
(Liters)
Meter Readings:
(MMRo, MRo, MMRc, MRc)
AB.xxx
AB.xx
AB.xxx
AB.xx
Scale Readings (SRu, SRl)
A.xx
A.xx
AB.xxxxx
ABCDE.x
ABC.xxxx
ABC.xxx
A.xxxxx
ABCD.xx
ABC.xxxx
ABC.xxxx
0.xxxxxx
ABC.xxx
AB.xxxxx
AB.xxxxx
0.0xxxxxx
AB.xxxx
A.xxxxxx
A.xxxxxx
AB.xxx
AB.xx
AB.xxx
AB.xx
Volume Discrimination Levels (BPV,

BPVa, BPVmp, BPVamp, IVm, IVmm,
ISVm, ISVmm, GSVp, GSVmp, GSVm,
GSVmm)
Custody Transfer Volumes:

(IV, GSV, NSV, SWV)
Table 9b - Volume Discrimination Levels US Customary Units

Method A
Method B
US Customary Units
US Customary Units
(bbl)
(gal)
(bbl)
(gal)
Meter Readings:
(MMRo, MRo, MMRc, MRc)
AB.xx
AB.x
AB.xx
AB.x
Scale Readings (SRu, SRl)
A.xxxx
A.xx
A.xxxx
A.xx
ABC.xxxx
ABCDE.x
ABC.xxxx
ABCDE.xx
AB.xxxx
ABCD.xx
AB.xxxxx
ABCD.xxx
A.xxxxx
ABC.xxx
A.xxxxxx
ABC.xxxx
0.xxxxxx
AB.xxxx
0.xxxxxxx
AB.xxxxx
AB.xx
AB.x
AB.xx
AB.x
Volume Discrimination Levels (BMV, BMVa,

BPV, BPVmp, BPVmp, IVm, IVmm, ISVm,
ISVmm, GSVp, GSVmp, GSVm, GSVmm)
Custody Transfer Volumes:

(IV, GSV, NSV, SWV)
34
Table 10 Pulse Discrimination Levels

Method A
Whole Pulse Applications
Method B
Ni
Nb, N(avg)
Ni
Nb, N(avg)
AB.0
AB.x
AB.0
AB.x
AB.xxx
AB.xxxx
AB.xxx
AB.xxxx
Pulse Interpolation
Applications
9 Liquid Density and General Equations

The density of the fluid shall be determined by appropriate technical standards or, if necessary, by either correlations
or equations of state. If multiple parties are involved in the measurement, the method selected for determining the
fluids density shall be mutually agreed upon. Since density varies with both temperature and pressure, it shall
always be expressed with the temperature and pressure of the substance associated with that density. Derivations
of density such as relative density and API gravity shall also be always expressed with the associated temperature
and pressure.
While conceptual discussions often use the terms gravity and density interchangeably, calculations shall be
performed in accordance with discrete procedures for density, relative density and API gravity.
For a substance at any given temperature and pressure, it is understood that: its density is the ratio of its mass to its
volume; its relative density is the ratio of that density, at the same temperature and pressure, in the same mass and
volume units, to the density of water at 60 F and 0 psig; and, its API gravity is a dimensionless scale value derived
from relative density by:
API Gravity
141.5
131.5
Re lative Density
The density of the liquid at both flowing and base conditions can be obtained by using one of two methods:
a. Empirical density correlation
b. An equation of state.
The liquids flowing density (RHOtp) is defined as:
RHOtp RHOb CTL CPL
(9)
Where:
RHOtp = density at flowing conditions
RHOb = density at base conditions
CTL
= correction for the effect of temperature on the liquid
CPL
= correction for the effect of pressure on the liquid
Rearranging Equation (9),
RHOb
RHOtp
CTL CPL
(10)
API MPMS Chapter 11.1-2004, Section 11.1.2.4, lists recommended liquid versus API correlations. Where an API
correlation does not currently exist, the appropriate ASTM standard has been provided. Input the product type,
35
observed density (RHOobs) at observed temperature (Tobs) after all HYC or densitometer corrections have been
applied in accordance with API MPMS Chapter 9. API MPMS Chapter 11.1-2004 returns unrounded RHOb, CTL, F,
and CPL. The Hydrometer Correction Factor was removed from the calculation procedures published in API MPMS
11.1 2004. Users of glass hydrometers shall apply hydrometer correction factor per API MPMS Chapter 9 to derive
the base density (RHOb, DENb, APIb, and RDb). Users of hand held densitometers shall make all necessary
equipment corrections to the observed density (RHOobs) before correcting to the base density (RHOb). Users of inline densitometers shall make all necessary equipment and configuration corrections to the flowing density at flowing
temperature and pressure before correcting to the base density. This standard assumes that all such corrections
have already been made.
9.1
Distinction between Standard, Base, Alternate and Observed Conditions
The phrases standard, base, observed, and alternate conditions are used throughout this Standard. For
purposes of this document flowing density is considered to be the density at meter conditions, an alternate density is
considered to be the density at other operational conditions (e.g. the prover density). Observed density is considered
to be the density at the density measurement device (e.g. densitometer, hydrometer, pycnometer, etc.).
The observed condition is the temperature and pressure at which the density of a liquid is actually or
assumed to have been measured by hydrometer or by densitometer. Calculations can then be
performed to correct this observed density to any other temperature and pressure conditions.
The standard or base condition is a defined combination of temperature and pressure at which liquid
volumes are expressed for purposes of custody transfer and stock accounting. The terms standard and
base are used interchangeably. Accepted standard temperatures are 60F, 15C and 20C. Accepted
standard pressures are zero gauge pressure (for non-volatile fluids at the standard temperature) or the
liquids vapor pressure at the standard temperature (for volatile fluids).
The alternate conditions are any other temperature and pressure conditions to which the liquid is
observed, in a flow meter or tank, or standard density can be corrected.
The distinction between these conditions may best be shown with an example. Consider a storage tank containing a
liquid at an average temperature of 122F. A sample is withdrawn and the density is measured at 85F. One would
like to correct the volume of liquid in the tank to a 60F standard temperature. In the example, the observed
conditions are 85F and 0 psig since those are the temperature and pressure at which the density is actually
measured. The standard or base conditions are 60F and 0 psig. However, since the tank is actually at 122F and 0
psig, the observed density cannot be directly applied to the tank volume. In this case, the tanks temperature and
pressure of 122F and 0 psig are considered as alternate conditions.
The situation is similar for measurements made on flowing fluids. Consider a pipeline with a liquid flowing at 70F
and 150 psig at the flow meter. The density of the liquid is measured at 80F and 145 psig at the density meter. In
this example, the observed conditions are 80F and 145 psig since those are the temperature and pressure at which
the density is actually measured. The standard or base condition is 60F and 0 psig. However, since the flowing
liquid is actually at 70F and 150 psig, the observed density cannot be directly applied to the meter volume. In this
case, the meters temperature and pressure of 70F and 150 psig are considered the alternate conditions.
9.2 General Equations
The equations in this section are general equations which are simplifications of processes. They are here to give the
user a foundation for understanding the detail in the rest of the standard. While the equations are accurate, the
components of these equations are not given in enough detail to be used to determine a ticket volume, a meter factor
or a prover volume. The necessary detail is found in the sections following this one.
Based upon the equations used in API MPMS Chapter 11.1-2004, there are three distinct types of calculations when
using the 60F base density. These particular classifications are based upon how the calculations are performed.
Each calculation type requires the preceding type(s):
36
Type 1 Calculation starts with a density at base conditions and a measured volume at alternate conditions;
then, the measured volume at operating conditions is calculated to what the volume would be at
base conditions.
Type 2 Calculation starts with an observed density at its temperature and pressure and corrects the density
to base conditions.
Type 3 Calculation starts with an observed density at its temperature and pressure and corrects the density
to base condition and then corrects the volume to alternate condition at its temperature and
pressure.
A Type 1 calculation is straightforward starting with the density at 60F and 0 psig all parameters can be
determined and the calculations can proceed in a feed-forward manner. No iterations are involved in this type of
calculation. A Type 2 calculation is more complicated this requires a set of Type 1 calculations, iterating upon the
value of the 60F and 0 psig density. A Type 3 calculation is a combination of a Type 2 calculation followed by
another Type 1 calculation.
All calculations involving metric base temperatures are Type 3 calculations. The corresponding metric calculation
types are:
Type 1M
Starting with the density, at the metric base condition, correct the density (and volume) to the
alternate temperature and pressure condition. This is a Type 3 calculation the density at the
metric base condition is the observed density and the correction is made to the alternate
temperature and pressure condition after first calculating the value of density at 60F and 0 psig.
Type 2M
Starting with an observed density, at its temperature and pressure, correct the density (volume) to
the metric base condition. This is also a Type 3 calculation the alternate temperature and
pressure condition is now the metric base condition.
Type 3M
Starting with an observed density at its temperature and pressure, correct the density (volume) to the
alternate temperature and pressure condition. This description is identical to the non-metric Type 3
calculation description. If the density at the metric base condition is required, however, then an extra
Type 1 calculation shall be performed.
The pipeline example given previously is an example of a Type 3 calculation. The density at the observed conditions
at the density meter is first corrected to the standard condition of 60F and 0 psig. The final step is to adjust this
standard density to the alternate conditions at the flow meter.
Density is defined as Mass per Unit Volume.
Therefore:
Mass Density x Volume
(11)
While the volume and the density of a given quantity of petroleum each change with changes in conditions, the mass
of that same petroleum does not change with changes in conditions.
Using this idea and Equations 9 and 10 yields:
GSV RHOb GV RHOtp
(12)
Where:
GSV
= gross Standard Volume of fluid volume at base conditions
RHOb = density at base conditions

37
GV
= gross Volume or volume at flowing conditions
RHOtp = density at flowing conditions

Substituting Equation (9) into Equation (11) and canceling the ratio of (RHOb / RHOb) yields:
GSV
GV
CTL
(13)
CPL
Where:
GSV
gross Standard Volume of fluid volume at base conditions
GV
gross Volume or volume at flowing conditions
CTL
correction for the effect of temperature on the liquid
CPL
correction for the effect of pressure on the liquid
For a meter emitting pulses the indicated volume from start to stop is expressed by:
IV
N
NKF
(14)
Where:
IV
= indicated volume during the metering period
= total number of pulses during the metering period
NKF = nominal K factor in pulses per indicated unit volume

For a meter emitting pulses the indicated standard volume from start to stop is expressed by:
ISV IV CTL CPL
15)
Where:
ISV
indicated standard volume or indicated volume at base conditions
IV
indicated volume during the metering period
CTL
correction for the effect of temperature on the liquid
CPL
correction for the effect of pressure on the liquid
The true gross volume measured by a meter at flowing conditions is expressed by:
GV IV MF
(16)
Where:
GV
gross volume or volume at flowing conditions
IV
indicated volume of the meter at flowing conditions
38
MF
meter factor at flowing conditions
Therefore, for any given measurement period for a meter emitting pulses, the general volumetric petroleum
measurement equations are:
GSV
N
MF CTL CPL
NKF
(17)
GSV IV MF CTL CPL
(18)
GSV GV CTL CPL
(19)
Where:
GSV = gross standard volume or volume of the liquid at base conditions
GV
= gross volume at flowing condition conditions
= total number of pulses generated by the meter during the measurement period
NKF = pulses per indicated unit volume of the meter

MF
= average performance of the meter as determined by proving
CTL = correction factor for the effects of the flow-weighted average temperature on the liquid
CPL = correction factor for the effects of the flow-weighted average pressure on the liquid
Because GSV includes the non-merchantable volumes of sediment and water (S&W), a further equation is developed
for custody transfer tickets as follows:
NSV GSV CSW
(20)
Where:
NSV = the net standard volume during the measurement period
GSV = the gross standard volume of fluid measured during the measurement period
CSW = the correction factor for the volume of S&W
A meter factor (MF) is established by a process in which the indicated volume of the liquid at standard conditions of
temperature and pressure as measured by the meter is compared to the gross standard volume of the liquid at
standard conditions of temperature and pressure as measured by the prover. The general equations for a meter
factor on an average data basis are:
MF
BPV CTSp CPSp CTLp CPLp NKF

(N (avg )) CTLm CPLm
IV m
MF
(21)
N (avg)
NKF
(22)
BPV CTSp CPSp CTLp CPLp

IVm CTLm CPLm
(23)
Where:
MF
meter factor calculated on an average data basis

39
10
BPV
the base prover volume or known gross volume at base temperature and pressure
CTSp
the correction factor of the effects of temperature on the steel of the prover
CPSp =
the correction factor of the effects of pressure on the steel of the prover
CTLp
the correction factor for the effects of the temperature on the liquid in the prover
CPLp
the correction factor for the effects of the pressure on the liquid in the prover
N(avg) =
the average of the total number of pulses generated by the meter during a set of proving runs
for which an average meter factor is calculated
NKF
Nominal K-Factor for the meter during a measurement period
IVm
indicated volume of the meter during its proving
CTLm =
the correction factor for the effects of the temperature on the liquid in the meter
CPLm =
the correction factor for the effects of the pressure on the liquid in the meter
Correction Factors
Calculations in this publication are based on correcting the measured volume of the merchantable liquid to its volume at
base conditions. Correction factors are provided to adjust the metered volume to base conditions, and to adjust for
inaccuracies associated with the meters performance.
In the Discrete Data Method, correction factors shall be rounded to the discrimination levels specified in section 8,
Discrimination Levels Method A, prior to making any volume or meter performance adjustments. In addition, a
combined correction factor (CCF) is used for ease of calculations and to adjust for non-merchantable quantities.
In the Continuous Data Method, all correction factors and other intermediate calculations shall be maintained without
rounding or truncation, but shall be reported rounded per section 8, Discrimination Levels Method B.
10.1 Liquid Density Correction Factors
The liquids density shall be determined by appropriate technical standards or, if necessary, proper correlations or
equations of state. If multiple parties are involved in the measurement, the method selected for determining the liquids
densities shall be mutually agreed upon.
Liquid density correction factors are employed to account for changes in density due to the effects of temperature
and pressure upon the liquid. These factors convert flowing density (RHOtp) at flowing temperature (Tm) and
pressure (Pm) or observed density (RHOobs, DENobs, APIobs, or RDobs) at observed temperature (Tobs) and
pressure (Pobs) to base density (RHOb, DENb, APIb, RDb) as outlined in API MPMS Chapter 11 or other appropriate
standard.
The Hydrometer Correction Factor was removed from the calculation procedures published in API MPMS 11.1
2004. Users of glass hydrometers shall apply hydrometer correction factor per API MPMS Chapter 9 to derive the
base density (RHOb, DENb, APIb, RDb). Users of hand held densitometers shall make all necessary equipment
corrections to the observed density (RHOobs) before correcting to the base density (RHOb). Users of in-line
densitometers shall make all necessary equipment and configuration corrections to the flowing density at flowing
temperature and pressure before correcting to the base density. This standard assumes that all such corrections
have already been made.
For some fluids (pure hydrocarbons, chemicals, solvents, etc.), the base density is a constant value as a result of
stringent manufacturing specifications.
At some metering facilities, an on-line density measurement is used to continuously monitor and determine density in
real time. In these cases, users should refer to API MPMS Chapter 9 or other appropriate standard.
40
10.1.1 Correction for Effect of Temperature on Liquid (CTL)

If petroleum liquid is subjected to a change in temperature, its density will decrease as the temperature rises, or
increase as the temperature falls. This density change is proportional to the thermal coefficient of expansion of the liquid
and temperature.
The correction factor for the effect of temperature on the liquids density is called CTL. The CTL factor is a function of
the liquids base density (RHOb) and temperature (T).
The appropriate standards for determining CTL are outlined in API MPMS Chapter 11.1-2004 (sections 11.1.2.4 and
11.1.2.5) and Chapter 11.2.4 for most of the fluids associated with the petroleum and petrochemical industry, and in
API MPMS Chapter 11.4.1 for water.
10.1.2 Correction for Effect of Pressure on Liquid (CPL)
If petroleum liquid is subjected to a change in pressure, the liquid density will increase as the pressure rises or decrease
as the pressure falls. The correction factor for the effect of pressure on liquid density is called CPL. The CPL factor is a
function of the liquids compressibility factor (F), pressure (P) and equilibrium vapor pressure of the liquid (Pe) at
operating conditions.
For low vapor pressure petroleum fluids the scaled compressibility factor (Fs) is a function of the liquids base density
(RHOb) and temperature (T).
(79320 2326.0 T
Fs exp 1.9947 0.00013427
(24)
F Fs 105
(25)
Where:
F
= Unscaled compressibility factor (F) of a liquid
Fs = Scaled compressibility factor reported in Chapter 11.1

Further information for clarification in the use of variations in the use of the symbol F:
Fp = Unscaled compressibility factor (F) in Chapter 11.1
Fp = Unscaled compressibility factor (F) for the prover at proving conditions in Chapter 12.2
Fm = Unscaled compressibility factor (F) for the meter at metering conditions in Chapter 12.2
The equilibrium vapor pressure (Pe) of a fluid at any given temperature is its bubble point or saturation pressure
at that temperature. Crude oils, refined gasoline and refined diesel fuels would be examples of hydrocarbon fluids
with vapor pressures deemed to be at one atmosphere. Liquefied petroleum gases such as propane and butane
would be examples of hydrocarbon fluids with vapor pressures greater that one atmosphere.
Non-volatile fluids are those fluids whose vapor pressures (Pe) at base conditions are at or below atmospheric
pressure. It is generally assumed, that if the equilibrium vapor pressure at operating conditions is less than
atmospheric pressure, there is minimal error in applying the correction at a constant base pressure of one
atmosphere. Therefore, the equilibrium vapor pressure (Pe) is considered to be equal to base pressure (Pba) for
fluids that have an equilibrium vapor pressure of less than or equal to one atmospheric pressure at flowing
temperature.
41
Volatile fluids have an equilibrium vapor pressure higher than atmospheric pressure at base conditions. If the vapor
pressure of a fluid is above atmospheric pressure at operating conditions, then it shall be considered above
atmospheric pressure at base conditions for the purpose of calculating CPL factors When measuring these types of
fluids, the value of the equilibrium vapor pressure at operating conditions must be known in order to differentiate that
part of the operating pressure required to ensure single phase liquid flow, and that part of it that is compressing the
liquid at operating conditions. The value of the equilibrium vapor pressure at operating conditions can be obtained from
appropriate industry standards, by the use of vapor pressure correlations, by the use of the correct equations of state, or
by physical test at operating conditions. If multiple parties are involved in the meter proving, then the method selected
for determining the equilibrium vapor pressure of the fluid shall be mutually agreed upon by all concerned.
API MPMS Chapter 11.1 shall be used to supply the compressibility factor (F) which is a function of the liquids base
density (RHOb), temperature (T) and pressure (P) at operating conditions for non-volatile hydrocarbon fluids. The F
factor is used to calculate a CPL factor at operating conditions.
API MPMS Chapter 11.2.2 and 11.2.2M shall be used to supply calculation procedures for the determination of the A
and B variables for volatile hydrocarbon fluids. These factors are used to calculate the compressibility factor (F)
which is a function of the liquids base density (RHOb), temperature (T), pressure (P) and equilibrium vapor pressure
of the liquid (Pe) at operating conditions. The F factor is used to calculate a CPL factor at operating conditions.
Equilibrium vapor pressures are normally given in absolute pressure units though some tests yield results in gauge
pressure units. For purposes of calculation of F factors and CPL factors, the base pressure and the equilibrium
vapor pressure shall be on the same basis (both either in absolute or both in gauge pressure units), while the
operating pressure shall always be in gauge pressure units. For that reason Equations 26, 27 and 28 are presented
in two versions.
A Pg PE Pba x B
Or:
Equation 26 is for volatile fluids only.
A Pg PEG Pbg x B
Where:
A
= Factor obtained from 11.2.2 or 11.2.2M
= Factor obtained from 11.2.2 or 11.2.2M
Pg
= Operating pressure in gauge pressure units
PE
= Equilibrium vapor pressure at operating temperature in absolute pressure units
PEG = Equilibrium vapor pressure at operating temperature in gauge pressure units

Pba = Base pressure (one atmosphere) in absolute pressure units
Pbg = Base pressure (one atmosphere) in gauge pressure units
CPL
1 (F Pg (PE Pba)
42
(26)
Or:
CPL
(27)
1 (F Pg (PEG Pbg )
Equation 27 is for both high (volatile) and low (non-volatile) vapor pressure fluids but the formula becomes more
simplified on low vapor pressure fluids as illustrated below in Equations 28:
PE Pba
And:
PEG Pbg
Therefore, for low (non-volatile) vapor pressure liquids the formula becomes:
CPL
1
1 (F Pg
(28)
10.2 Meter Factors (MF) and Composite Meter Factors (CMF)

A meter factor is used to correct the indicated volume of the meter at operating conditions to the gross volume of the
meter at operating conditions. Meter factors and composite meter factors are non-dimensional values used to adjust
indicated volume for inaccuracies associated with such factors as temperature, pressure, viscosity, density, and the
mechanical condition of the meter (which describe the meters performance at the time of proving). Unless the meter
is equipped with an adjustment that alters its registration to account for the meter factor, a meter factor shall be applied
to the indicated volume of the meter.
Composite meter factors are meter factors that have been corrected from normal operating pressure to base pressure
using the CPL that would otherwise belong on the measurement ticket. Composite meter factors may be used in
applications where the density, temperature, and pressure are considered to be constant throughout the measurement
ticket period.
The meter factor (MF) obtained at the time of proving with a displacement type prover, is determined on an average
data basis, by the following equation:
MF
GSVp
ISVm
(29)
Where:
GSVp = gross standard volume of the field prover
ISVm = indicated standard volume of the field meter
The master meter factor (MMF) obtained at the time of proving with a displacement type master prover, is determined
on an average data basis, by the following equation:
MMF
GSVmp
ISVmm
(30)
Where:
43
GSVmp = gross standard volume of the field prover

ISVmm
= indicated standard volume of the master meter
An intermediate meter factor (IMF) obtained at the time of proving with a displacement type or atmospheric tank type
prover, is determined for a single proving run, by the following equation:
IMF
GSVp
ISVm
(31)
Where:
GSVp
= gross standard volume of the field prover for a single proving run
ISVm
= indicated standard volume of the field meter for a single proving run
An intermediate master meter factor (IMMF) obtained at the time of proving with a displacement type or atmospheric
tank type master prover, is determined for a single proving run, by the following equation:
IMMF
GSVmp
ISVmm
(32)
Where:
GSVmp
gross standard volume of the master prover for a single proving run
ISVmm
indicated standard volume of the master meter for a single proving run
The intermediate meter factor (IMF), obtained at the time of proving using a master meter type prover, is determined
for a single proving run, by the following equation:
IMF
GSVmm
ISVm
(33)
Where:
GSVmm = gross standard volume of the master meter for a single proving run
ISVm
= indicated standard volume of the field meter for a single proving run
The meter factor (MF) obtained at the time of proving with a displacement, atmospheric tank, or master meter type
prover, is determined on an average meter factor basis, by the following equation:
n
IMFi n
MF
(34)
i 1
Where:
IMFi
intermediate meter factor for the ith proving run
number of proving runs
44
The master meter factor (MMF) obtained at the time of proving with a displacement or atmospheric tank type prover,
is determined on an average master meter factor basis, by the following equation:
MMF
IMMFi
(35)
i 1
Where:
IMMFi
n
= intermediate master meter factor for the ith proving run

= number of proving runs
Composite meter factors are meter factors that have been corrected from normal operating pressure to base
pressure using the CPL that would otherwise belong on the measurement ticket. The CMF may be used in
applications where the density, temperature, and pressure are assumed to be constant throughout the measurement
period, when anticipated changes in these parameters result in uncertainties acceptable to the parties, or as agreed
by the parties as a convenience.
The CMF is determined at the time of proving by the following expression:
CMF CPLnormal MF
(36)
Where: CPLnormal is based on the normal meter operating pressure.

10.3 Combined Correction Factors (CCF)
When multiplying a large number, such as a volume, by a series of small numbers, such as correction factors
relatively close to unity, a lowering of the fidelity caused by rounding can occur in the calculations if the first term is
the volume. Additionally, errors can occur due to sequence order and rounding between different machines or
programs. To minimize these errors, a method was selected that specifies the order of calculations and the
discrimination levels. Method A also combines correction factors in specified sequences and discrimination levels.
The accepted method of combining two or more correction factors in Method A is to use serial multiplication to obtain
a combined correction factor (CCF).
For measurement ticket calculations to determine GSV
CCF CTL CPL MF

(37)
Or:
CCFcomp CTL CMF
(38)
For measurement ticket calculations using temperature compensated meter readings, the CTL value shall be set to
1.0000. For measurement ticket calculations using a composite meter factor (CMF) or a composite K factor (CKF),
the CPL value shall also be set to 1.0000. For measurement tickets using an updated K Factor (KF) as the nominal
K factor (NKF), the meter factor (MF) shall be set to 1.0000.
For meter proving operations, the effects of temperature and pressure on both the steel and the liquid in the prover
shall be considered. The effects of temperature and pressure on the liquid in the meter shall also be considered.
When using Method A in meter proving and for measurement tickets, the following combined correction factors (CCF)
have been adopted:
45
For calculation of GSVp for the liquid in a field prover:

CCFp CTSp CPSp CTLp CPLp
(39)
GSVp BPV CCFp
(40)
For calculation of GSVmp for the liquid in a master prover:

CCFmp CTSmp CPSmp CTLmp CPLmp
(41)
GSVmp BPV CCFmp
(42)
For calculation of GSVmm for the liquid in a master meter type prover:
CCFmm MMF CTLmm CPLmm
(43)
GSVmm IVmm CCFmm
(44)
For calculation of ISVm for the liquid in a field meter being proved:
CCFm CTLm CPLm
(45)
ISVm IVm CCFm
(46)
For calculation of ISVmm for the liquid in a master meter being proved:
CCFmm CTLmm CPLmm
(47)
ISVmm IVmmCCFmm
(48)
For calculation of GSV for the liquid in a meter for a measurement ticket:
10.4
CCF MF CTL CPL
(49)
GSV IV CCF
(50)
Correction for Sediment and Water (CSW)
Sediment and water are considered non-merchantable components of certain hydrocarbon fluids, such as crude oil
and certain refined products. The correction to adjust the GSV of the liquid for these non-merchantable quantities is
defined by the following expression:
%S & W
CSW 1
100
Where:
(51)
% S&W = volume percent sediment and water present
When sediment and water is present, the measurement ticket shall take it into account by calculating the net
standard volume (NSV) in the following manner:
NSV GSV CSW
(52)
46
10.5 Steel Correction Factors

Prover correction factors are employed to account for changes in the prover volume due to the effects of temperature
and pressure upon the steel. These correction factors are:
CTS
corrects for thermal expansion and/or contraction of the steel in the prover shell due to the average
prover steel temperature.
CPS
corrects for pressure expansion and/or contraction of the steel in the prover shell due to the average
prover liquid pressure.
When the volume of the container at base conditions (Vb) is known, the volume at any other temperature and
pressure (Vtp) can be calculated from the following equation:
Vtp Vb CTS CPS
(53)
Conversely, when the volume of the container at any temperature and pressure (Vtp) is known, the volume at base
conditions (Vb) can be calculated by
Vb
Vtp
CTS CPS
(54)
Meter factors are calculated at operating conditions. Corrections for the effects of temperature and pressure on the
steel of the meter are not made when calculating meter factors or master meter factors because those effects are
reflected in the meter factor or the master meter factor. In this document, there is no attempt to predict changes in
meter factors that might occur with changes in temperature and pressure on the steel of the meter; therefore,
corrections for the effects of temperature and pressure on the steel of the meter are not made when calculating meter
measurement tickets.
10.5.1 Correction for the Effect of Temperature on Steel (CTS)
Any metal container, be it a displacement prover with a free displacer, a tank prover, or a field standard test measure,
when subjected to a change in temperature, will change its volume accordingly. The volume change, regardless of
prover shape, is proportional to the coefficient of thermal expansion of the material. The coefficient of thermal
expansion is the same when the calibrated section and its detector switch mountings are constructed of a single
material (displacement provers, atmospheric tank provers, and field standard test measures).
The CTS correction for a free displacer type displacement prover, an atmospheric tank prover and a field standard
test measure assumes a singular construction material and may be calculated as follows:
CTS 1 GL T Tb
(Method B)
CTS 1 3GL (T Tb) 3GL T Tb GL (T Tb)3

2
(55)
(56)
Where:
GL
= mean coefficient of linear expansion per degree temperature of the steel
= mean steel temperature
Tb
= base temperature
The third order term is small and the fourth order term is even smaller, so the equation is historically truncated to the
first two terms when using Method A in the following manner:
47
CTS 1 3GLT Tb
(57)
C TS 1 G C T Tb
(Method A)
(58)
Where:
GC = mean coefficient of cubic expansion per degree temperature of the prover material (GC=3GL)
Equation (58) is a close approximation of the true CTS as determined by Equation (55).
In dealing with a prover with a captive displacer and external detectors, the area aspect shall be calculated
independently of the linear aspect because of the likelihood of different temperatures and dissimilar materials.
2
CTS 1 GL T Tb x 1 GLD Td Tb
(Method B)
2
2
C TS 1 2 G L (T Tb ) G L T Tb 1 G L D (Td Tb )
(59)
(60)
In the case of Method A, the area aspect would be calculated using the approximate form:
CTS 1 2GLTp Tb 1 GLDTd Tb

CTS 1 GAT Tb 1 GLDTd Tb
(61)
(Method A)
(62)
Where:
GA = mean coefficient of area expansion per degree temperature of the prover material
GLD = mean coefficient of linear expansion per degree temperature of the detector rod
Equation (62) is an approximation of the true CTS determined by Equation (59).
The linear, area or cubical coefficients of expansion for a field standard test measure, displacement prover or
atmospheric tank prover, shall be the ones for the materials used in the construction of the calibrated sections. The
GL, GA and GC values contained in Table 6 shall be used if the coefficient of expansion is unknown.
10.5.1.1
CTS for Displacement Provers with Internal Detectors and Atmospheric Tank Provers
The CTS for displacement field and master provers with free displacers and internal detectors and atmospheric tank
field and master provers, assumes a singular construction material and shall be calculated from the following:
CTSp CTSCp
(63)
CTSmp CTSCmp
(64)
CTSp 1 GLp Tp Tb
CTSmp 1 GLmp Tmp Tb
48
(Method B)
(65)
(Method B)
(66)
C T S p 1 G C p T p T b
(Method A)
C TS m p 1 G C m p Tm p Tb
(Method A)
(67)
(68)
Where
CTSp
volume correction for the effect of temperature on the steel of the field prover
CTSmp
volume correction for the effect of temperature on the steel of the master prover
CTSCp
correction factor for thermal cubic expansion of the prover barrel steel
CTSCmp =
correction factor for thermal cubic expansion of the master prover barrel steel
GLp
mean coefficient of linear expansion per degree of temperature of the prover barrel steel
GLmp
mean coefficient of linear expansion per degree of temperature of the master prover
GCp
mean coefficient of cubic expansion per degree of temperature of the prover barrel steel
GCmp
mean coefficient of cubic expansion per degree of temperature of the master prover
Tp
mean temperature of the field prover barrel steel
Tmp
mean temperature of the master prover barrel steel
Tb
base temperature
10.5.1.2
CTS for Field Standard Test Measures
The CTS for field standard test measures assumes a singular construction material and shall be calculated from the
following:
CTSfstm CTSCfstm
CTSfstm 1 GLfstm Tfstm Tb
C TS fstm 1 G C fstm Tfstm Tb
(Method B)
(69)
(Method A)
(70)
Where:
CTSfstm
volume correction for the effect of temperature on the field standard test measure
CTSCfstm =
correction factor for thermal cubic expansion of the field standard test measure
GLfstm
mean coefficient of linear expansion per degree of temperature of the test measure steel
GCfstm
mean coefficient of cubic expansion per degree of temperature of the test measure steel
Tfstm
mean temperature of the field standard test measure

49
Tb
base temperature
10.5.1.3 CTS for Displacement Provers with Captive Displacers and External Detectors
While a single coefficient of thermal expansion is used in calculating CTS for displacement provers with free
displacers and internal detectors, tank provers, and field standard test measures, a modified approach is needed for
some of the displacement provers with captive displacers and external detectors. Detectors on provers with captive
displacers are mounted externally, rather than on the prover barrel itself, and have an independent linear spacing.
Thus, the volume changes that occur due to temperature are defined in terms of the area change in the prover barrel,
and the change in distance between the detector positions. While occasionally these detector positions may be on a
steel mounting that is of the same grade of steel as that of the prover barrel, it is often the case that the detector
mounting rod is constructed from a grade of steel or special alloy that has a different coefficient of linear thermal
expansion from that of the prover barrel.
For these type displacement provers, the correction factor for the effect of temperature (CTS) shall be modified and
calculated as follows:
CTSp CTSCDp
(71)
CTSmp CTSCDmp
(72)
CTSp CTSAp CTSLDp
(73)
CTSmp CTSAmp CTSLDmp
(74)
CTSp 1 GLp Tp Tb x 1 GLDp Td Tb
(Method B)
(75)
CTSmp 1 GLmp Tmp Tb x 1 GLDmp Td Tb
(Method B)
(76)
CTSp 1 GApTp Tb 1 GLDpTd Tb
(Method A)
(77)
CTSmp 1 GAmpTmp Tb 1 GLDmpTd Tb
(Method A)
(78)
Where:
CTSp
volume correction factor for the effect of temperature on the steel of the field prover
CTSmp
volume correction factor for the effect of temperature on the steel of the master prover
CTSCDp =
correction factor for thermal cubic expansion of the field prover with external detectors
CTSCDmp =
correction factor for thermal cubic expansion of the master prover with external detectors
CTSAp
correction factor for thermal area expansion of the field prover barrel with external detectors
CTSAmp =
correction factor for thermal area expansion of the master prover with external detectors
CTSLDp
correction factor for thermal linear expansion of the field prover detector mounting rod
50
CTSLDmp =
correction factor for thermal linear expansion of the master prover detector mounting rod
GLp
mean coefficient of linear expansion per degree of temperature of the field prover barrel
GLmp
mean coefficient of linear expansion per degree of temperature of the master prover barrel
GAp
mean coefficient of area expansion per degree of temperature of the field prover barrel
GAmp
mean coefficient of area expansion per degree of temperature of the master prover barrel
GLDp
mean coefficient linear expansion per degree of temperature of the field prover detector rod
GLDmp
mean coefficient linear expansion per degree of the master prover detector mounting rod
Tb
base temperature
Td
temperature of the detector mounting rod
Tp
temperature of the liquid in the prover chamber.
10.5.2 Correction for the Effect of Pressure on Steel (CPS)
If a metal container such as a conventional displacement prover, a tank prover, or a test measure is subjected to an
internal pressure, the walls of the container will stretch elastically and the volume of the container will change
accordingly.
10.5.2.1 CPS for Single-Walled Cylindrical Container or Prover
Although some simplifying assumptions enter the equations below, for practical purposes the correction factor for the
effect of internal pressure on the volume of a cylindrical container, called CPS, shall be calculated from:
ID x (P Pbg )
CPS 1
E x WT
(79)
Where:
P
= internal operating pressure of prover, in gauge pressure units
Pbg
= base pressure, in gauge pressure units, usually 0 psig
ID
= internal diameter of container
= modulus of elasticity for container material
WT
= wall thickness of container
ID is related to the outside diameter OD by: ID OD 2 x W T

Assuming Pb is 0 gauge pressure, the equation simplifies to:
CPSp 1
ID x Pp
E x WT
CPSmp 1
ID x Pmp
E x WT
(for a field prover)
(80)
(for a master prover)
(81)
51
The modulus of elasticity (E) shall be the one for the steel used in the construction of the prover. The values of E as
contained in Table 7 shall be used if the actual values are not known.
10.5.2.2 CPS for Double-Walled Cylindrical Container or Prover
Some provers are designed with a double wall to equalize the pressure inside and outside the calibrated chamber. In
this case, the inner measuring section of the prover is not subjected to a net internal pressure, and the walls of this
inner chamber do not stretch elastically. Therefore, in this special case, CPS = 1.
10.6
Meter Accuracy (MA)
Meter accuracy is a divisor sometimes used to correct the indicated volume of the meter at operating conditions to
the gross volume of the meter at operating conditions. Meter accuracy factor (MA) is a term utilized specifically for
loading rack meters for refined products and LACT/ACT meter skids. In most truck rack applications, the meter is
mechanically or electronically adjusted at the time of proving to ensure that the meter factor is approximately unity.
This simplifies the bill of lading and accounting issues associated with truck applications in refined product service.
The MA is determined at the time of proving by the following expression:
MA
ISVm
GSVp
(82)
To ascertain that the proving report and the required calibrator adjustments have been made without error, determine
the meter accuracy for each proving run with:
MA
1
MF
(83)
10.7 K Factor (KF) and Nominal K Factor (NKF)

K Factors and Nominal K Factors have clear distinctions in their meaning.
10.7.1 K Factor (KF)
K Factors (KF) were used in early applications of measurement using turbine meters. Before the advent of flow
computers, which convert pulses to volumes electronically, pulses alone were totalized by a pulse counter and
volumes were calculated manually. The pulse counter itself had no logic. It simply counted a pulse each time a
blade tip passed the pickup coil and kept a running total.
When the meter was proved, the result obtained was in the form of pulses per actual unit volume at proving
conditions. This was called the K Factor and was calculated as follows:
KF
N (avg ) CTLm CPLm

BPV CTSp CPSp CTLp CPLp
(84)
N ( a vg ) b N ( a v g ) C T L m C P L m
KF
(85)
Nb
GSVp
(86)
Where:
KF
Pulses per actual unit volume at operating conditions

52
N(avg) =
Average pulses per proving run during the meter proving
Nb
Pulses corrected to base conditions of temperature and pressure
BPV
Base Prover Volume
CTSp
Correction for temperature on the steel of the prover to operating temperature
CPSp =
Correction for pressure on the steel of the prover to operating pressure
CTLm =
Correction for temperature of the liquid in the meter to base temperature
CTLp
Correction for temperature of the liquid in the prover to base temperature
CPLm =
Correction for pressure on the liquid in the meter to base pressure
CPLp
Correction for pressure on the liquid in the prover to base pressure
Nb
Pulses corrected to base conditions of temperature and pressure
GSVp =
Volume of the liquid in the prover corrected to base temperature and pressure
Each time the meter was proved, the K factors at proving conditions would change in accordance with the variations
in meter performance just as meter factors at proving conditions change in accordance with meter performance.
Volumes for measurement tickets were then manually calculated as follows:
GSV
N (CTL )(CPL )
(87)
KF
NSV GSV CSW
(88)
Where:
10.7.2
GSV
Gross standard volume of the liquid for the measurement period
Number of pulses accumulated during the measurement period
CTL
Correction for the temperature of the liquid to base conditions for the measurement period
CPL
Correction for the pressure on the liquid to base conditions for the measurement period
KF
Pulses per actual unit volume at operating conditions as determined by proving
NSV
Net standard volume of the liquid for the measurement period
CSW
Correction sediment and water
Nominal K Factor (NKF)
When flow computers came into being, it became possible to totalize gross and gross standard volumes in various
volume units (e.g., gallons, barrels, cubic meters, liters etc.). This can sometimes be done by installing a unit volume
per pulse driver; but, typically it is done by installing or configuring a Nominal K Factor in the flow computer, which is
simply a fixed number of pulses per indicated unit volume. The actual K Factor is derived from the meter proving
while the Nominal K Factor is simply a driver designation for the flow computer to use to calculate indicated volume
units. While the metering systems flow computer starts out its life with a Nominal K Factor (selectively for each
meter), the operator may change the NKF to a different value at a later date as long as the same value of NKF is
used for both meter proving and associated measurement tickets.
The nominal K factor (NKF) is used to determine the meter factor (MF), master meter factor (MMF), composite meter
factor (CMF), composite K Factor (CKF) and meter accuracy (MA). The original nominal K-factor (NKF) is a fixed value
for a specific meter, determined by the manufacturer of the device and supplied with the new meter. This original
nominal K-factor is established at the time of installation of the flow meter but might be changed at a later date by the
53
operator. In any case, the same Nominal K Factor shall be used for meter proving and for totalizing volumes. Many
installations use a nominal K-factor throughout the operating life of the meter to facilitate an audit trail for meter
proving. Using a constant unchanging nominal K-factor provides a strong audit trail and allows for the use of meter
factor control charts through the meter proving system, establishes meter factor control charts, and allows meter factor
control of the system.
Meter manufacturers publish their design or brochure K Factors (pulses per unit volume) in brochures and
specification sheets for the convenience of users in sizing meter provers. Sometimes the average or single point
factory test result is stamped on the body of the meter. Both of these are often called nominal K Factors in common
parlance. For purposes of operating metering systems and calculating meter factors, the Nominal K Factor (NKF)
has a precise meaning apart from the above references. For that reason, the Nominal K Factor installed in a flow
computer may or may not be equal to the design K Factor, the brochure K Factor, the K Factor stamped on the
meter case or the K Factor written on a meter tag when shipped.
10.7.3
Scenarios Using K Factors, Nominal K Factors and Meter Factors
With the development of flow computers and their use in metering systems, three (3) basic methodologies evolved
involving: K Factors, Nominal K Factors, and Meter Factors in calculating measurement tickets:
Method 1: Original K Factor Method (without NKF and without MF)
K Factor obtained at the time of each proving, using Equations 84 and 85, is immediately installed in the
flow computer. There is no meter factor, and control charts are plotted using percentage change in K
factors. In this case, since the actual K factor is installed each time the meter is proved:
IV GV
N
KF
(89)
ISV GSV
(90)
GSV GV CTL CPL
(91)
GSV
N CTL CPL
KF
GSV
(92)
Nb
KF
(93)
Method 2: Constant Meter Factor of 1.0000 and Variable Nominal K Factor

In this method, the flow computer has a resident meter factor of 1.0000. It also has a resident Nominal K Factor
(pulses per indicated unit volume) which is equal to the calculated K Factor determined at the previous proving and
installed into the flow computer at that time. This resident NKF is used in the calculation of indicated volumes and
changes each time the meter is proved. For the resident meter factor of 1.0000 to be correct it is essential that the K
factor obtained at each proving be immediately installed into the flow computer each time the meter is proved just as
in Method 1. Since the meter factor is always 1.0000 after the K factor is installed into the flow computer as the
nominal K factor, the control chart is plotted using percentage change in K factors.
When the meter is proved, there are three steps afterwards:
Step 1: A meter factor is calculated at the time of proving (see Equations 21, 22 and 23) using the K factor
from the last proving as the Nominal K Factor.
Step 2: Relating Equations 21, 22 and 23 to Equations 84 and 85 allows for the calculation of the new K
Factor by means of:
54
KF
NKF
MF
(94)
Step 3: The new K Factor is then installed into the flow computer as the new resident Nominal K Factor,
resulting in a Meter Factor of 1.0000 for subsequent Indicated Volumes.
Method 3: Constant Nominal K Factor and Variable Meter Factor Method
In this method, the flow computer has a resident Nominal K Factor as originally installed by the manufacturer or as
later selected by the operator. Once a suitable value has been selected (usually selected to yield Meter Factors
reasonably close to 1.0000 (e.g., 0.9900 to 1.0100), the Nominal K Factor then becomes a fixed Nominal K Factor
that does not change from proving to proving. On the other hand, the Meter Factors will not be constant.
10.7.4 Composite Meter Factor (CMF) and Composite K Factor (CKF)
As discussed elsewhere, for low volume, constant pressure situations, the CPL for the normal operating pressure on
the meter that would normally go on the measurement ticket, is sometimes included on the meter proving report as a
Composite Factor. In those cases, the CPL on the measurement ticket would be 1.0000 and the CMF and CKF
would be calculated as follows:
C M F M F C P Lnorm al
(95)
CKF
KF
C P L n o rm a l
(96)
The CMF or CKF may be used in applications where the density, temperature and pressure are approximately
constant throughout the measurement period, and where the pressure is considered to below. In any case, whether
on the meter proving report as a CMF or CKF, or on a measurement ticket, the CPL shall be calculated using the
flow-weighted average pressure during the delivery.
10.8
Volume per Unit Pulse (Q)
When repeated calculations are being processed manually, the reciprocal of the K-factor may sometimes be a more
useful quantity for field use than the K-factor itself. This reciprocal is called the one pulse volume (Q) because it
indicates the volume delivered by the meter (on average) while one pulse is being emitted. It is defined by the
following equation:
1
KF
(97)
Q has the dimensions of volume. When Q is multiplied by the total number of pulses emitted by the meter, the result
is the gross volume delivered through the meter.
11
Derivation of Equations for Liquid Volumes at Base Conditions
The volume correction factors for the liquid utilized by the petroleum industry are based on the following fundamental
expressions.
11.1
Determination of Indicated Volume (IV)
The IV is the change in meter reading. The IV is obtained by subtracting the Opening Meter Reading (MRo) from the
Closing Meter Reading (MRc):
55
IV MRc MRo
(98)
IV IVclose IVopen
IV
N c lo s e N o p e n
NKF
For flow computers the incremental IV will be summed for every calculation cycle for the measurement period
assuming a zero start as in meter proving.
IV
N
NKF
(99)
For meter proving, Equation 99 becomes:
IVm
N
NKFm
when using whole pulses
or:
IVmm
N
NKFmm
(100)
IVm
Ni
NKFm
when using interpolated pulses or:
IVmm
Ni
NKFmm
(101)
If using the Average Data Model of calculating meter factors, use N(avg) or Ni(avg) instead of N or Ni, respectively, in
Equations 100 and 101.
11.2
Determination of Indicated Standard Volume (ISV)
The indicated standard volume (ISV) of a meter is the volume of the liquid passing through the meter during a meter
proving with no correction for meter inaccuracies but corrected to standard conditions by the following equation:
ISVm IVm CTLm CPLm
(102)
When proving a line meter with a displacement or tank prover, the insertion of Equation 45 provides:
ISVm IVm CCFm
(103)
In a similar manner, when proving a line meter with a master meter:
11.3
ISVmm IVmm CTLmm CPLmm
(104)
ISVmm IVmm CCFmm
(105)
Determination of Gross Volume (GV)
Gross volume at operating conditions is obtained from indicated volume by:

GV IV MF
11.4
(106)
Determination of Gross Standard Volume (GSV)
The GSV of liquid flowing through a meter can be calculated for a measurement ticket by the following expression for
method B:
GSV IV CTL CPL MF
(107)
When using Method A, inserting Equation 37 into Equation 107 provides:

56
GSV IV CCF
(108)
When using Method B, the CCF may be displayed for reporting purposes but Equation 107 will be the one actually
used for computing the gross standard volume.
The GSV of liquid flowing through a meter for a measurement ticket which has a composite meter factor can be
calculated by the following expression for Method B:
GSV IV CTL CMF

(109)
GSV IV CCFcomp
(110)
When using Method B the CCFcomp may be displayed for reporting purposes but Equation 109 will be the one
actually used for computing the gross standard volume.
The CTL corrections for temperature compensated meter readings shall be set to unity.
The CPL corrections for pressure compensated meter readings shall be se to unity.
When calculating the gross standard volume of liquid passing through a prover during a proving run, the effects of
temperature and pressure on the steel of the prover and the liquid in both the prover and the meter shall be
considered.
GSVp BPV CTSp CPSp CTLp CPLp
(111)
For meter proving, inserting Equation 39 into Equation 109 provides:

GSVp BPV CCFp
(112)
When calculating the gross standard volume of liquid passing through a master prover during a proving run on a
master meter, the effects of temperature and pressure on both the steel of the master prover and the liquid in both
the master prover and the master meter shall be considered.
G SVm p BPVm p CTSm p CPSm p CTLm p CPLm p
(113)

G SVm p BPVm p CCFm p
(114)
When using Method B, Equation 111 remains unchanged.

Again, for atmospheric tank provers, CPSmp = CPLmp = 1 and BPVmp is the amount of liquid contained in the
prover between the upper and lower scale readings (SRu SRl).
When calculating the gross standard volume of liquid passing through the master meter prover during a proving run
while proving a field meter, the effects of temperature and pressure on the liquid in both the master meter type prover
and the field meter shall be considered.
GSVmm IVmm CTLmm CPLmm MMF
(115)
GSVmm IVmm CCFmm
(116)
When using Method B, Equation 113 remains unchanged.

For atmospheric tank provers, the gross standard volume of the liquid contained in the prover between the upper
(SRu) and lower (SRl) scale readings is calculated from the following:
57
G SVp BPV CTSp CPSp CTLp CPLp
(117)
Where:
BPV SRu SRI
(118)
For atmospheric tank provers the pressure terms CPSp and CPLp are unity, so Equation 117 reduces to:
GSVp BPVa CTSp CTLp
(119)
For atmospheric tank master provers used in proving master meters, Equation 119 becomes:
GSVmp BPVamp CTSmp CTLmp
(120)
Method A is normally used for atmospheric tank provers so:

CCFp CTSp CTLp
for atmospheric tank provers
(121)
CCFmp CTSmp CTLmp
for atmospheric tank master provers
(122)
Equations 121 and 122 are inserted into Equations 119 and 120 to provide:
GSVp BPVa CCFp
for atmospheric tank provers
(123)
GSVmp BPVamp CCFmp
for atmospheric tank master provers
(124)
When calculating a gross standard volume of the prover (GSVp), the base prover volume (BPV), shall be in the same
units as the nominal K-factor (NKF) or the register head volume.
11.5
Determination of Net Standard Volume (NSV)
The NSV is the equivalent volume of a liquid at its base conditions that does not include non-merchantable items
such as sediment and water. The formula for calculating NSV is as follows:
NSV GSV CSW
(125)
The correction for sediment and water content (CSW) is calculated as follows:
CSW
%S &W
1
100
(126)
While sediment and water are usually in relatively small amounts and thus do not impact the calculation of density, it
should be recognized that large amounts of water cause a significant shift in density from the oil and water mixture to
the water free oil. For more information on this subject, see Annex E of this standard.
11.6
Determination of S&W Volume (SWV)
The sediment & water volume (SWV) is a calculated quantity based upon the percent sediment and water (%S&W)
as determined by testing a representative sample of the liquid being measured. It represents the non- merchantable
portion of the liquid and is calculated as follows:
SWV GSV - NSV
(127)
58
12
Measurement Tickets
The purpose of standardizing the terms and arithmetical procedures employed in calculating the amount of petroleum
liquid on a measurement ticket is to obtain the same unbiased answer from the same measurement data and thus
avoid disagreement between the involved parties.
Calculations of correction factors and volumes may be done using continuous data online integration techniques if
agreed between the parties. The results of the two calculations methods may not agree due to the variability in
obtaining flowing parameters. However, the equations for computing correction factors and the rules for rounding,
calculation sequence, and discrimination levels for any continuous online integration methods shall be identical to the
specifications contained in this standard. Rounding is to be performed in accordance with the discrimination tables
which include discrimination levels for both Method A and Method B.
For any given duration, volume weighted average temperatures, pressures and densities shall be used for both
Method A and Method B. The measurement period for Method A is usually a complete batch. The measurement
period for Method B might be a small segment of a batch when using a flow computer for a summation of gross
standard volumes.
The CCF for measurement tickets is rounded precisely as described in Table 8 for Method A. Use of CCF is optional
for Method B because the stated number of decimals is for reporting (display) purposes only and the decimals are
free floating. Therefore, the CCF is shown in the steps below for both methods with the understanding that, whether
it is used or not used in Method B will not change the outcome.
A measurement ticket is a written acknowledgment of a transfer of petroleum fluids and is the legal document of
transfer. In addition, it serves as an agreement between the authorized representatives of the parties concerned as
to the measured quantities and quality of the liquid. The measurement ticket shall contain all field data required to
calculate the metered quantities.
Care shall be taken to ensure that all copies of a measurement ticket are legible. Proper fiscal procedures forbid
making corrections or erasures on a measurement ticket unless the interested parties agree to do so and initial the
ticket to that effect. Should a mistake be made, the ticket should be marked VOID and a new ticket prepared. The
voided ticket should be attached to the new one to support the validity of the corrected ticket.
At each calculation step, round the value in accordance with the following tables from section 8 for Method A or
Method B as applicable:
*Table 1 - For Liquid Density Discrimination Levels

Table 2 For Dimensional Discrimination Levels
Table 3 For Temperature Discrimination Levels
Table 4 For Pressure Discrimination Levels
Table 5a MPMS.11.1.2004 Compressibility Factor Discrimination Levels
Table 5b MPMS.11.2.2 Compressibility Factor Discrimination Levels for High Vapor Pressure Fluids
Table 6 - Discrimination Levels of Coefficients of Thermal Expansion
Table 7 Modulus of Elasticity Discrimination Levels
Table 9a SI Volume Discrimination Levels- SI International System Units
Table 9b USC Volume Discrimination Levels US Customary Units
Table 10 Pulse Discrimination Levels
12.1
Record Field Data
The following data shall be obtained to properly calculate a measurement ticket for a batch or batch segment:
-
Product type such as crude oil, gasoline, kerosene or propane;

Applicable tables and algorithms for the physical properties of the measured fluids from MPMS Chapter 11;
Calculations per Method A or Method B
Meter Factor (MF), rounded per Table 8;
Composite Meter Factor (CMF), as applicable, which includes CPLnormal, rounded per Table 8;
Meter readings MRo and MRc, rounded per Table 9;
59
12.2
TWA for the measurement ticket period, rounded per Table 3;

PWA for the measurement ticket period, rounded per Table 4;
For volume calculations using laboratory testing of the composite sample, RHOgobs, rounded per Table 1;
For volume calculations using laboratory testing of the composite sample, Tobs, rounded per Table 3;
For volume calculations using laboratory testing of the composite sample, Pobs, rounded per Table 4;
For volume calculations using laboratory testing of the composite sample, PEGm, rounded per Table 4;
For volume calculations using on-line density determination, RHOwa, rounded per Table 1;
For volume calculations using on-line density determination, TWAdm rounded per Table 3;
For volume calculations using on-line density determination, PWAdm rounded per Table 4;
For volume calculations using on-line density determination, PEGm, rounded per Table 4;
S&W% and round to the third decimal as a percent.
Calculation Sequence
Use the following sequence for either Method A or Method B.

1) Determine Product type such as crude oil, gasoline, kerosene or propane.
2) Determine selection of physical properties tables from MPMS Chapter 11.
3) Determine the basis for the flow weight averaging of temperature and pressure:
a. If on a constant volume basis:
i. Determine TWAm using Equation 3 and round per Table 3.
ii. Determine PWAm using Equation 4 and round per Table 4
b. If on a constant time interval basis:
i. Determine TWAm using Equation 6 and round per Table 3.
ii. Determine PWAm using Equation 7 and round per Table 4.
4) Determine if density for volume calculations is determined by on-line densitometer.
5) If on-line density, determine the basis for the flow weight averaging of density:
a. If on a constant volume basis:
i. Determine TWAdm using Equation 3 and round per Table 3.
ii. Determine PWAdm using Equation 4 and round per Table 4.
iii. Determine RHOwa using Equation 5 and round per Table 1.
iv. Determine RHOb, using RHOwa, TWAdm and PWAdm, and round per Table 1.
b. If on a constant time interval basis:
i. Determine TWAdm using Equation 6 and round per Table 3.
ii. Determine PWAdm using Equation 7 and round per Table 4.
iii. Determine RHOwa using Equation 8 and round per Table 1.
iv. Determine RHOb, using RHOwa, TWAdm and PWAdm, and round per Table 1.
6) If fixed density:
a. Obtain RHOgobs and round per Table 1.
b. Obtain Tobs and round per Table 3.
c.
Obtain Pobs and round per Table 4.
d. Determine RHOb, using RHOobs, Tobs and Pobs, and round per Table 1.
7) Determine if meter readings used for ticket are temperature compensated.
60
a. If YES, set CTLm to unity.

b. If NO, determine CTLm using appropriate tables and algorithms from MPMS Chapter 11 and round
per Table 8.
8) Determine if the meter readings used for ticket are pressure compensated.
9) Determine if the facility has a low pressure and a constant pressure, AND, the facility has decided to use a
Composite Meter Factor (i.e., MF with a CPLnormal).
10) If the meter readings used for the measurement ticket are pressure compensated:
a. Set CPLm to 1.0000.
b. Obtain the MF for use in the volume calculations, rounded per Table 8.
11) If the meter readings used for ticket are not pressure compensated, but the facility has a low pressure and a
constant pressure, AND, the facility has decided to use a Composite Meter Factor
(i.e., MF with a CPLnormal):
a. Set CPLm to unity.
b. Obtain the CMF for use in the volume calculations, rounded per Table 8.
c.
Determine CCFcomp using Equation 38 and round per Table 8.
d. Obtain MRc and MRo, or IVclose and IVopen, or Nclose and Nopen and NKF.
e. Determine IV using Equation 98 and round per Table 9.
f.
Determine GSV using Equation 110 for Method A and round per Table 9.
g. Determine GSV using Equation 109 for Method B and round per Table 9.
12) If neither the meter readings are pressure compensated nor is the facility using a CMF:
a. Obtain PEGm at operating temperature and pressure (TWAm and PWAm).
b. Determine if the liquid has a low or a high vapor pressure at operating conditions.
c.
If it has a low vapor pressure, determine Fm using Equations 24, 25 and 28, or historical MPMS
Chapter 11.2.1, and round per Table 5.
d. If it has a high vapor pressure, obtain A and B factors from MPMS Chapter 11.2.2 or 11.2.2M and
calculate Fm using Equation 26 and round per Table 5.
e. Determine CPLm using Equation 27 and round per Table 8.
f.
Obtain MF, rounded per Table 8.
g. Determine CCFm and round per Table 8 using Equation 37.

h. Obtain MRc and MRo, or IVclose and IVopen, or Nclose and Nopen and NKF.
i.
Determine the Indicated Volume (IV) using Equation 98 and round per Table 9.
j.
Determine GSVm using Equation 108 for Method A and round per Table 9.
k.
Determine GSVm using Equation107 for Method B, and round per Table 9.
13) If using Method A the batch is complete.

14) If using Method B, increment this batch segment.
15) Determine if at end of batch.
16) If NO, go back to step 1 for next batch segment.
17) If YES, continue with next step.
61
18) Obtain the S&W% and round to the third decimal as a percent.
19) Determine CSW using Equation 126 and round per table 8.
20) Determine the NSVm using Equation 125 and round per Table 9.
21) Determine the S&W Volume (SVW) using Equation 127 and round per Table 9.
To summarize (intermediate rounding not shown):
1 % S& W
NSV IV (CTL x CPL MF )
100
(128)
% S& W
SW V IV (CTL x CPL MF )
100
(129)
62
Start
Determine product type and physical property tables.
Flow weight averaging on constant volume or constant time interval basis?
Time
Volume
Determine TWAm using equation 3

and round per Table 3.
Determine TWAm using equation 6

Determine PWAm using equation 4

Determine PWAm using equation 7

and round per Table 4
Online Densitometer or Fixed Density?
Fixed
Online
Flow weight averaging using constant

volume or constant time interval basis?
Volume
Determine TWAdm
using equation 3 and
round per Table 3.
Time
Determine TWAdm
round per Table 3.
Determine PWAdm
round per Table 4.
Determine PWAdm
round per Table 4.
Determine RHOwa
round per Table 1.
Determine RHOwa
round per Table 1.
Obtain Tobs and round per

Table 3.
Obtain Pobs and round per

Table 4.
Obtain RHOgobs and

round per Table 1.
Figure 1 Measurement Ticket Flow Chart - Method A and Method B (Continued)
63
Determine RHOb using RHOwa, TWAdm and PWAdm

from steps above and round per Table 1.
YES
Determine RHOb using

RHOobs, Tobs and Pobs
from step above.
Are meter readings temperature compensated?
Set CTLm to 1.0000 for Method A.

Set CTLm to 1.000000 for Method B.
NO
Determine CTLm using RHOb and

TWAm and round per Table 8.
Are meter readings pressure compensated?

OR:
Does facility have a low and constant pressure AND
Has the facility decided to use a Composite Meter Factor?
YES to EITHER
NO to BOTH
Set CPLm to 1.0000 for Method A.

Set CPLm to 1.000000 for Method B.
Obtain PEGm at TWAm and round per

Table 5.
If PEGm is equal to or less than one atmosphere (0 Kpag or 0 psig)

consider it be equal to be one atmosphere; therefore, is the liquid a low
vapor pressure liquid or a high vapor pressure liquid?
LOW VP
HIGH VP
Determine Fm using RHOb,

PEGm, TWAm, and PWAm, and
equations 24, 25 and 28, or
MPMS Chapter 11.2.1, and
round per Table 5.
Determine Fm using RHOb,

PEGm, TWAm and PWAm,
equation 26 and MPMS 11.2.2
or 11.2.2M and round per
Table 5.
Determine CPLm using RHOb, PEGm, and TWAm, PWAm and equation
27 and round per Table 8.
Figure 1 Measurement Ticket Flow Chart - Method A and Method B (continued)
64
Does facility have a low and constant pressure AND

Has the facility decided to use a Composite Meter Factor?
YES
NO
Obtain CMF and use for volume

calculations.
Obtain MF and use for volume

calculations.
Determine CCFcomp using equation

38 and round per Table 8.
Determine CCF using equation 37 and

round per Table 8.
Obtain: MRc and MRo; or, IVclose

and IVopen; or, Nclose, Nopen and
NKF.
Obtain MRc and MRo, or IVclose and

IVopen, or Nclose, Nopen and NKF.
Determine IV using equation 98 and

round per Table 9.
Determine IV using equation 98 and

round per Table 9.
Method A
Determine GSV
using equation
110 and round
per Table 9.
Method A
Method B
Determine GSV
using equation
109 and round
per Table 9.
Determine GSV
using equation
108 and round
per Table 9.
Method B
Determine GSV
using equation
107 and round
per Table 9.
Increment the GSV
Figure 1 Measurement Ticket Flow Chart - Method A and Method B (continued)
65
End of batch?
NO
YES
Obtain S&W % and

round as a percent
to the third decimal.
Start another
batch segment.
Determine CSW
using equation 126
and round to five
decimals.
Determine NSV
using equation 125
and round per
TABLE 9.
Determine SWV
NSV using
equation 127 and
round per Table 9.
END
Figure 1 Measurement Ticket Calculation Flow Chart - Method A and Method B
66
For facilities that use composite meter factors:

1 % S& W
NSV IV (CTL x CMF )
100
(130)
% S& W
SW V IV (CTL x CMF )
100
(131)
13 Proving Reports
For fiscal and custody transfer applications, proving reports are written statements of the calibration of the meter. In
addition, they serve as an agreement between the authorized representatives of the parties concerned as to the
calibration assigned to a meter. Proper accounting practices require that a proving report contain the field data required
to calculate the meter factor or composite meter factor.
The purpose of standardizing all the terms and arithmetical procedures employed in calculating the meter factor shown
in a proving report is to obtain an unbiased answer from the measurement data and thus avoid disagreement between
the involved parties.
Some custody transfers of liquid petroleum measured by meter are sufficiently small in volume or value, or are
performed at essentially uniform conditions, that the meter can be mechanically and/or electronically adjusted to read
within a predetermined accuracy. The purpose of determining a meter factor is to ensure the accuracy of
measurements, regardless of how the operating conditions change with respect to density, viscosity, flow rate,
temperature or pressure, by always proving the meter under the specific operating conditions encountered. Therefore,
it shall be noted that the meter factor as calculated by this standard is the meter factor at the operating conditions at
the time of proving. It is not, as is often mistakenly assumed, the meter factor at base (standard) conditions. Although
both the prover volume and the meter volume in the calculations are adjusted by correction factors derived from the
base temperature and base pressure, this is just the most convenient method of correcting for the temperature and
pressure differences of the liquid when passing through the meter and the prover. The ratio between the prover volume
and the meter volume (GSVp and ISVm) establishes the meter factor at the applicable conditions (viscosity,
temperature, flow rate, density, pressure, etc.) at the time of proving.
The recording of field data, the calculation sequence, and the rules for rounding, are all specified along with a set of
example proving calculations (Annex A) and proving flow charts (Annex B). The examples may be used to aid in verifying
procedures for any computer routines that are developed using the requirements stated. References to other material
related to the subjects in this standard may be found in the bibliography (Annex C).
Care shall be taken to ensure that all copies of a proving report are correct and legible. Standard procedure does not allow
making corrections or erasures on a proving report. It shall be voided and a new meter proving report prepared.
13.1 Classification of Provers
Provers are generally classified according to their type and design. There are generally three main classes of liquid
provers: displacement provers (API MPMS Chapter 4.2); atmospheric tank provers (API MPMS Chapter 4.4); and,
master meter provers (API MPMS Chapter 4.5). Displacement provers are further divided into free displacer provers
with external detectors and captive displacement provers with external detectors. Some displacement provers are
made using double wall construction. Pulses from the meter can be either in the form of whole pulses or interpolated
pulses. Each of these elements can influence the way in which the proving calculations are performed.
13.2 Temperature and Pressure Compensated Meters
Whenever the pulses while proving are affected by temperature compensation, CTLm is considered to be 1.00000,
CMF, MF, KF and CKF are considered to be at base temperature.
67
Whenever the pulses while proving are affected by pressure compensation, CPLm is considered to be 1.00000, and
CMF, MF, KF and CKF are considered to be at base pressure.
Whenever CMF or CKF is calculated for the normal operating pressure, the CMF or CKF is then considered to be at
base pressure.
Otherwise, MF or KF are considered to be at operating conditions.
13.3 Meter Proving Report Average Data and Average Meter Factor Evaluation Models
Two different evaluation models are in common use for the calculation of meter factors and are described below. The
two models have been designated the Average Meter Factor Evaluation Model and the Average Data Evaluation Model.
The average meter factor model uses a range of intermediate meter factors calculated for selected runs. The average
data model uses the range of meter-generated pulses for selected runs.
For displacement provers using discrete data method A, either of the evaluation models may be used with the same set
of raw data. For displacement provers using continuous data method B, the average meter factor evaluation model
shall be used. For atmospheric tank provers and master meter provers, discrete data method A would normally be
used in conjunction with the average meter factor evaluation model.
Each operating facility shall select a preferred evaluation model of calculation at the time of start-up. If a user should
wish to change to the other evaluation model of meter factor calculation at a later date, all of the interested parties
involved in meter proving operations should concur prior to any such change being implemented. Guidelines for
selecting proving run sequences are provided in API MPMS Chapter 4.8 Guide to Proving Operations.
13.3.1 Average Data Evaluation Model
This evaluation model calculates the meter factor (MF) or K-factor (KF) using Tp(avg), Tm(avg), Pp(avg), Pm(avg),
and N(avg) values from all of the selected runs which satisfy the repeatability requirement. The range of pulses (N)
for the selected runs is used to determine whether the required repeatability requirement has been satisfied.
Problems are sometimes encountered when proving a meter that is temperature compensated using the average
data model of calculation. Should the liquid temperature in the meter change during a proving pass, then the
temperature compensator will make corrections to the shaft output of a mechanical compensator or change the pulse
output of an electronic compensator. The amount of this pulse change is a function of two factors:
1. The coefficient of expansion of the liquid in the meter.
2. The total number of pulses generated during the meter proving pass.
For example, if 40,000 pulses are generated during each meter proving pass and the coefficient of expansion per
degree Fahrenheit of the fluid is 0.0005/F, then:
Pulse Change = 40,000 x 0.0005 = 20 pulses per F
In the above example, if the liquid temperature rises one degree Fahrenheit, then the total number of pulses
generated during the proving pass will decrease by 20 pulses. Similarly, if the liquid temperature decreases one
degree Fahrenheit, then the total number of pulses generated will increase by 20 pulses. This phenomenon shall be
considered when evaluating the repeatability of the meter pulse data and the impact of using the average data model
in this calculation.
Average pulses per proving run:
N ( avg )
N
n
Use this model for other average data.
Where,
n is the number of consecutive proving runs
N is the number of pulses per run
68
(132)
Similarly, other data such as average prover temperature (TpAVG), average prover pressure (PpAVG), average
meter temperature (TmAVG), average prover pressure (PmAVG) per proving run = Sum of the data per proving run
during the proving divided by the number of proving runs.
13.3.2 Average Meter Factor Evaluation Model
After establishing that the range (repeatability) of separately calculated intermediate meter factors (IMF), intermediate
master meter factors (IMMF), or intermediate K-factors (IKF) meet acceptability criteria, the average (mean) is used
as the final meter factor or final K-factor for the proving report.
Average Meter Factor or Average K Factor:
MF
IMF
MF
Or:
IK F
n
(133)
Where, n is the number of consecutive proving runs.

Average Master Meter Factor:
MMF
IM M F
(134)
Unless the meter is equipped with an adjustment that alters its registration to account for the meter factor, a meter factor
shall be applied to correct the indicated volume of the meter. A master meter should never have such a device.
13.4 Evaluating Meter Proving Data
Meter proving data shall be evaluated in accordance with the guidelines in API MPMS Chapter 13.2. It is recommend
that computers and flow computers be used for statistical evaluations of meter proving data since these calculations
are generally too rigorous for manual field computations.
The practice has traditionally been to prove meters using a fixed range limit (e.g. five runs within a range of 0.05%)
for repeatability during the proving of the meter, and a fixed deviation limit (e.g., 0.25%) between scheduled
provings. The fixed range limit method is really a subset of the moving range approximation method.
The primary method for evaluating meter proving data is the rigorous statistical standard deviation method. Chapter
13.2 addresses the rigorous statistical standard deviation and the moving range approximation methods for
evaluating meter proving data. These are especially helpful when proving a meter at a new setting or after its repair
and recommissioning, but in an era of high capabilities of computing power, they should be used on a regular basis
to evaluate both meter proving data at single provings and to evaluate historical changes in meter factors developed
in accordance with Chapter 12.2. Alternate statistical procedures are not expected to duplicate the computational
values provided by procedures in this chapter. The rigorous statistical standard deviation and moving range
approximation methods are only applicable to the average meter factor method. They are not applicable to the
average data method of calculating meter factors.
While it is recommended that either the rigorous statistical standard deviation method or the moving range
approximation method be used for evaluating meter proving data in all cases, the range limits from the moving range
approximation method shall be used to determine the practical fixed range limits for the repeatability method.
When the short term repeatability of a given meter allows for a fixed range limit to be employed in its proving, and the
choice is made to use the fixed range repeatability method for this meter, subsequent failure to achieve such short
term repeatability (e.g., five runs within 0.05%) might indicate a problem with the meter requiring immediate attention.
Even so, for purposes of obtaining a before calibration factor and writing a ticket of adjustment the moving range
69
approximation method shall be employed to obtain that before calibration factor. Once the meter has been repaired
the operator may revert to the repeatability method if desired.
Even when the fixed range method is being used to evaluate single event meter proving data for acceptance, either
the rigorous statistical standard deviation method or the moving range approximation method should be used to
evaluate the meter proving data and confirm that the acceptance criteria (e.g., 0.027% uncertainty at a 95%
confidence level) has been achieved.
As a first choice, the rigorous statistical standard deviation method should be used to evaluate meter proving data.
The moving range approximation method is a good secondary choice if the required criteria can be achieved with no
more than twelve proving runs. If more than twelve runs are required, the more robust statistical standard deviation
should be used in any case. Normally it should take no more than twenty-five runs to achieve the specified criteria.
As a practical matter, although statistics allows for more data, needing more than twenty-five runs might indicate
problems with the system which should be investigated.
API MPMS Chapter 13.2 gives guidance for acceptance criteria based upon a 95% confidence level. The acceptable
criteria for custody transfer purposes requires having a 95% confidence level that the meter factor determined from the
proving runs lie within a range of 0.027% of its true value. The repeatability ranges may vary with the number of
consecutive runs to be used, but in any case the 95% confidence level within a range of 0.027% shall be required for
custody transfer purposes absent any other arrangements agreed to among the parties. For further information on this
subject Chapter 13.2, Chapter 4.8 and Annex D of this document).
Using the moving range approximation method, an estimated random uncertainty within a range of 0.027% at a 95%
confidence level can be achieved by consecutive runs as follows:
Three (3) consecutive runs within a range of 0.02%
(reported to at least the 3rd decimal place)
Five (5) consecutive runs within a range of 0.05%
Ten (10) consecutive runs within a range of 0.12%
No more than twelve runs should be used using the moving average approximation method and the data used should
be in the form of meter factors rather than raw pulses. Above twelve runs, the rigorous standard deviation method
should be used to calculate random uncertainties from meter proving data.
When using fixed range limits for meter proving, the moving average approximation method, using meter factor data,
shall be used to set those limits. Once the practical number of runs for a fixed range limit has been determined, the
fixed range limit may be used with both the average data method and the average meter factor method but the average
data method shall not be used to fix those limits. When using flow computers, the preferred method would be to use
the rigorous standard deviation method or the moving range approximation method rather than the fixed range limit
method.
The basic steps for using the moving range approximation method are:
1. Make proving run 1 and calculate the meter factor
2. Make consecutive proving run 2 and calculate the meter factor
3. Make consecutive proving run 3 and calculate the meter factor
4. Determine the range of the meter factors on runs 1 through 3 using Equation 37
5. If more than 3 runs determine the range of the meter factors on runs 1 through n=4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 or 12
6. Estimate the standard deviation for runs 1 through n per Chapter 13.2
7. Calculate the uncertainty for runs 1 through n per Chapter 13.2
8. Use Table 11 to determine if the criteria been met
9. If the criteria has not been met, make another proving run and calculate the meter factor
10. Repeat steps 5 through 9
70
11.If the criteria has been met the proving is complete

Table 11Variable Range Criteria for 0.00027 Random Uncertainty in Average Meter Factor (minimum 3 runs)
Number of Runs
Moving (Variable) Repeatability Limit
Estimated Uncertainty
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
0.00018
0.00035
0.00050
0.00065
0.00080
0.00093
0.00105
0.00117
0.00128
0.00139
0.00027
0.00027
0.00027
0.00027
0.00027
0.00027
0.00027
0.00027
0.00027
0.00027
The following equations shall be utilized to calculate the range % for a set of data (see API MPMS Chapter 4.8).
Range % of Repeatability:
R% 100
For the Average Data Model:
R% 100
For the average meter factor model:
R%=100
(MaximumValue MinimumValue)
(MinimumValue)
(Maximum Navg - Minimum Navg )

(Minimum Navg )
(Maximum IMF - Minimum IMF)

(Minimum IMF)
(135)
(136)
(137)
13.4.1 Repeatability - Average Data Evaluation Model

This model requires that the range of the pulses generated for each selected proving run be calculated and used to
measure acceptable repeatability. To determine the repeatability, examine the pulses generated for each of the
consecutive proving runs, as shown below:
Example of making a repeatability check using five consecutive runs and the average data model:
Run Number
1
2
3
4
5
Average Pulses
R%
N Pulses
12,234
12,232
12,237
12,237
12,233
12,234.6
12,237 12,232
x 100 0.041%
12,232
71
(using Equation 136)
It is understood that the run criteria for a given facility might not be the same as that depicted above.
13.4.2 Repeatability - Average Meter Factor Evaluation Model
Intermediate meter factors (IMF), including intermediate master meter factors (IMMF) are calculated for each
selected proving run of the prover (or filling of the tank prover). Then these intermediate meter factors shall be
compared to assess their acceptable repeatability.
Example of making a repeatability check for five consecutive runs and the average meter factor model:
Run Number
IMF
1
2
3
4
5
0.99321
0.99330
0.99337
0.99343
0.99319
Average Meter Factor
0.99330
R%
0.99343 0.99319
100 0.024%
0.99319
(using Equation 137)
It is understood that the run criteria for a given facility might not be the same as that depicted above.
13.4.3 Multiple Pass Run Sets (Multipass Run Sets)
All of the above assumes the data is collected in the form of single-pass unidirectional runs, or round trip bidirectional round trip runs, both of which are generically called single-pass runs. The use of single-pass runs is the
preferred method of data collection.
When multipass runs are used to make up a run set, the individual runs for that set are not evaluated for uncertainty
criteria. This raises a question as to the overall uncertainty of using this methodology, but the use of a rigorous
statistical standard deviation method as described in Chapter 13.2 shall be used to make that determination.
Sometimes there are operational conditions that create or suggest a need to make multipass run sets. When this is
done the data is evaluated on the basis of using several consecutive unidirectional pass runs, or several consecutive
bi-directional round trip runs, to make up a single run set. The run sets themselves shall be consecutive, and each
run set shall be treated as a single run. The individual run sets may be composed of average data or average meter
factors, but the evaluation of the run sets shall be performed using the average meter factor evaluation model.
Multipass run sets can come in two forms:
a) Summing multipass runs for a single run set, which requires that the base prover volume be multiplied by the
number of multipass runs making up each consecutive run set.
b) Averaging multipass run sets for a single run set, which requires that the base prover volume be as stated on
the calibration report for each consecutive run set.
Examples of multipass scenarios:
Three (3) multipass runs per run set, for three (3) consecutive run sets, for a total of nine (9) consecutive
pass runs using a unidirectional prover, or nine (9) consecutive round trip runs using a bi-directional prover,
within a random uncertainty of 0.027% or a run set repeatability range of 0.02%.
72
Three (3) multipass runs per run set, for five (5) consecutive run sets, for a total of fifteen (15) consecutive
pass runs using a unidirectional prover, or fifteen (15) consecutive round trip runs using a bi-directional
prover, within a random uncertainty of 0.027% or a run set repeatability range of 0.05%.
Five (5) multipass runs per run set, for three (3) consecutive run sets, for a total of fifteen (15) consecutive
pass runs using a unidirectional prover, or fifteen (15) consecutive round trip runs using a bi-directional
Five (5) multipass runs per run set, for five (5) consecutive run sets, for a total of twenty-five (25) consecutive
pass runs using a unidirectional prover, or twenty-five (25) consecutive round trip runs using a bi-directional
Guidance for other scenarios, involving large groups of data, for calculating the standard error of the average and
using rigorous statistical standard deviation methods, can be found in API MPMS Chapter 13.2.
13.5 Recording of Field Data
All required field data shall be recorded in accordance with the discrimination levels as described in the discrimination
Tables 1 through 10, in Section 8, as specified for both Method A and Method B. It is understood that the
discrimination levels for Method A are to be exact in both internal calculations and in presentation; while, the
discrimination levels for Method B are for reporting and displaying purposes only since the internal calculations are
performed in a floating decimal mode.
13.6 Calculation Sequence Displacement Provers
Calculations are based on correcting the measured volume of the petroleum liquid for the difference between the
temperature and pressure of the liquid in the prover and the meter. Correction factors adjust the metered volume and
the volume of prover to base conditions so that they can be compared on the same basis. The calculations
associated with RHOb, CTL, and F are contained in the references listed in API MPMS Chapter 11.
For Method A: all rounding is to be exactly as specified in the tables in section 8.
For Method B: the decimals are free floating and the tables in section 8 are only used for reporting purposes.
This section rigorously specifies the rounding, calculation sequence, and discrimination levels required for meter
proving report calculations using a displacement prover. Intermediate calculated values in the following steps are
unrounded until carried forward into the next calculation steps in their prescribed decimal form in accordance with the
discrimination tables in section 8.
The following describes the steps required to obtain a calculated value for a meter factor, based on standardized
input data and exact calculation procedures. This will ensure that all interested parties will arrive at the same answer.
These steps include the proving of field meters by field provers and master meters by master provers. Note that after
the first five steps, which are common to both the average data model and the average meter factor model in
determining the meter factor value, the two models diverge.
Step 1 Prover Data
Enter the following prover information, which is taken from the calibration certificate and matched with the prover,
onto the meter proving report form.
Prover Manufacturer
Prover Serial number
Type of displacement prover: free displacer type or captive displacer type with external detectors
Material of construction of barrel
Material of construction of rod if prover has a captive displacer and external detectors
Base prover volume (BPV or BPVmp)

73
Inside diameter (ID), rounded per Table 2
Wall thickness (WT), rounded per Table 2
Modulus of elasticity (E), rounded per Table 7
Thermal coefficient of linear (GL) expansion of the prover calibrated section, rounded per Table 6
Thermal coefficient of area expansion (GA) of the prover calibrated section, rounded per Table 6
Thermal coefficient of cubic expansion (GC) of the prover calibrated section, rounded per Table 6
Thermal coefficient of linear (GLD) expansion for the rod in a captive displacer type prover, rounded per
Table 6
Step 2 Meter Data

Enter the following information on the meter being proved onto the meter proving report form:
Date of proving
Proving report number
Location identification
Company assigned meter number
Meter manufacturer, size, and type
Meter model number and serial number
Service of meter: field meter or master meter
Flow rate at proving conditions
Nominal K-factor (NKFm or NKFmm) or Q-Function
Whether the meter is temperature compensated
Whether the meter is pressure compensated
What the proving report should calculate (MF, CMF, KF, CKF, or MA)
Calculation method: Method A or Method B
Evaluation model: Average Data Model or Average Meter Factor Model
Non-resettable totalizer reading
Step 3 Fluid Data.

Enter the following information on the hydrocarbon liquid being metered:
Batch number of the receipt or delivery.
Type of liquid on which meter is being proved
If using a fixed density:
Gross observed liquid density (RHOobs - APIgobs, DENgobs or RDgobs) after all laboratory
densitometer (e.g. DMCF) or hydrometer (e.g. HYC) corrections have been made
Observed temperature (Tobs) at point of density measurement
Observed Pressure (Pobs) at point of density measurement
If using online density measurement:
74
Gross observed liquid density (RHOgobs - APIgobs, DENgobs or RDgobs for each proving run or
RDgobsAVG- APIgobsAVG, DENobsAVG or RDobsAVG for an average of the runs), after all online
densitometer corrections have been made
Observed temperature (Tdm or TdmAVG) at point of density measurement
Observed Pressure (Pdm or PdmAVG) at point of density measurement
Select the appropriate physical property tables, data and algorithms per API MPMS Chapter 11:
o
To look up or calculate RHOb
To look up or calculate CTL
To look up or calculate CPL
If using a liquid with an equilibrium vapor pressure higher than the atmospheric pressure at operating
conditions, enter the equilibrium vapor pressure (PE) of the fluid at the proving temperature, in appropriate
pressure units. As a practical matter, while equilibrium vapor pressure is often provided in absolute pressure
units (e.g., 9 psia gasoline), the volume calculations in this standard will be performed using gauge pressure
units, thus the symbols PE (for absolute) and PEG for gauge. Any liquid having a vapor pressure at
operating conditions equal to or less than one atmosphere will be considered to have a vapor pressure of 0
kPag or 0 psig. Round the PEG per Table 4.
If the proving report requires the calculation of CMF or CKF terms, then enter the following additional
information:
The normal operating pressure of the liquid in gauge pressure units, which is assumed to be
constant throughout the delivery.
The liquid temperature in the meter while proving, which is assumed to be the normal operating
temperature and also assumed to be constant throughout the delivery.
Step 4 Run Data.

For every proving run, record the following data:
Prover data Tp, Pp, and Td if applicable
Meter data Tm, Pm, Tdm, Pdm, N or Ni, and NKFm or NKFmm
Density data RHOgobs at Tobs and Pobs, at Tdm and Pdm; or, fixed RHOb
Step 5 Base Density

Determination of RHOb is determined using the appropriate physical property tables, data and algorithms per API
MPMS Chapter 11 from either a fixed density input or an online density input as described in the following steps.
Step 6A - Determination of the Meter Factor Using the Average Data Model and Method A
a) Make successive proving runs until the run criteria for consecutive runs has been met.
b) Evaluate the results using Equation 136 with Navg or Niavg and round to 3rd decimal percent.
c) Determine the average pulses per proving run using Equation 132 and round per Table 10.
a. N(avg): Average of whole pulses N when pulse interpolation is not being used
b. Ni(avg): Average of interpolated pulses Ni when pulse interpolation is being used
d) Determine the average prover temperatures using Equation 132 and round per Table 3.
a. For a free displacer field prover determine TpAVG.
b. For a free displacer master prover determine TmpAVG.
75
c.
For a captive displacer field prover determine TpAVG and TdAVG.
d. For a captive displacer master prover determine TmpAVG and TdAVG.

e) Determine the average prover pressure using Equation 132 and round per Table 4.
a. For a field prover determine PpAVG
b. For a master prover determine PmpAVG
f)
Determine the average meter temperature using Equation 132 and round per Table 3.
a. For a field meter determine TmAVG
b. For a master meter determine TmmAVG
g) Determine the average meter pressure using Equation 132 and round per Table 4.
a. For a field meter determine PmAVG
b. For a master meter determine PmmAVG
h) If using a fixed density:
a. Obtain RHOgobs
b. Obtain Tobs
c.
Obtain Pobs
d. Determine RHOb using API MPMS Chapter 11 and round per Table 1.
i)

a. Determine the average RHOgobs using Equation 132 and round per Table 1.
b. Determine TdmAVG using Equation 132 and round per Table 3.
c.
Determine PdmAVG using Equation 132 and round per Table 4.
j)
Determine the CTS for the prover and round per Table 8.
a. CTSp for a free displacer field prover with internal detectors using Equation 67
b. CTSmp for a free displacer master prover with internal detectors using Equation 68
c.
CTSp for a captive displacer field prover with external detectors using Equation 77
d. CTSmp for a captive displacer master prover with external detectors using Equation 78
k) Determine the CPS for the prover and round per Table 8.
a. CPSp for a single wall field prover using Equation 80
b. CPSmp for a single wall master prover using Equation 81
c.
CPSp for a double wall field prover shall be set to 1.00000.
d. CPSmp for a double wall master prover shall be set to 1.00000.

l)
Determine the CTL for the prover using MPMS Chapter 11.1 tables and algorithms.
a. CTLp for a field prover and round per Table 8.
b. CTLmp for a master prover and round per Table 8
m) Determine the CTL for the meter using MPMS Chapter 11.1 tables and algorithms.
a. CTLm for a field meter and round per Table 8.
b. CTLmm for a master meter and round per Table 8
c.
If the meter pulses for proving are temperature compensated, set CTLm to 1.00000.
76
n) Determine the CPL for the prover.

a. For a field prover:
i. Obtain PEGp at operating temperature (TpAVG) and round per Table 4.
ii. From above, obtain RHOb, TpAVG and PpAVG.
iii. Determine if the liquid has a low or a high vapor pressure at operating conditions.
iv. If it has a low vapor pressure determine Fp using either: Equations 24, 25 and 28; or,
historical MPMS Chapter 11.2.1 or 11.2.1M. Round per Table 5.
v. If it has a high vapor pressure, obtain the A and B factors from MPMS Chapter 11.2.2 or
11.2.2M and calculate Fp using Equation 26. Round per Table 5.
vi. Determine CPLp using Equation 27 and round per Table 8.
b. For a master prover:
i. Obtain PEGmp at operating temperature (TmpAVG) and round per Table 4.
ii. From above, obtain RHOb, TmpAVG and PmpAVG.
iv. If it has a low vapor pressure determine Fmp using either: Equations 24, 25 and 28; or,
11.2.2M and calculate Fmp using Equation 26. Round per Table 5.
vi. Determine CPLmp using Equation 27 and round per Table 8.
o) Determine the CPL for the meter.
a. For a field meter:
i. Obtain PEGm at operating temperature (TmAVG) and round per Table 4.
ii. From above, obtain RHOb, TmAVG and PmAVG.
iv. If it has a low vapor pressure, determine Fm using either: Equations 24, 25 and 28; or,
11.2.2M and calculate Fm using Equation 26. Round per Table 5.
vi. Determine CPLm using Equation 27 and round per Table 8.
vii. If the meter pulses for proving are pressure compensated, set CPLm to 1.00000.
b. For a master meter:
i. Obtain PEGmm at operating temperature (TmmAVG) and round per Table 4.
ii. From above, obtain RHOb, TmmAVG and PmmAVG.
iv. If it has a low vapor pressure, determine Fmm using either: Equations 24, 25 and 28; or,
11.2.2M and calculate Fmm using Equation 26. Round per Table 5.
vi. Determine CPLmm using Equation 27 and round per Table 8.
p) Determine the CCF for the prover.
77
a. For a field prover determine CCFp using Equation 39 and round per Table 8.
b. For a master prover determine CCFmp using Equation 41 and round per Table 8.
q) Determine CCF for the meter.
a. For a field meter determine CCFm using Equation 45 and round per Table 8.
b. For a master meter determine CCFmm using Equation 47 and round per Table 8.
r)
Determine GSVp for the prover:

a. For a field prover determine GSVp using Equation 112 and round per Table 9.
b. For a master prover determine GSVmp using Equation114 and round per Table 9.
s) Determine IVm for the meter or IVmm for a master meter:

a. For whole pulses meter use Equation 100 and round per Table 9.
b. For interpolated pulses use Equation 101 and round per Table 9.
t)
Determine ISV for a meter:

a. For a field meter determine ISVm using Equation 103 and round per Table 9.
b. For a master meter determine ISVmm using Equation 105 and round per Table 9.
u) Determine Meter Factor.

a. For a field meter determine MF using Equation 29 and round per Table 8.
b. For a master meter determine MMF using Equation 30 and round per Table 8.
v) Determine the normal operating pressure for the field meter.
w) Determine CPLnormal for normal operating pressure using Equation 27 and round per Table 8.
x) If the meter pulses for measurement ticket are pressure compensated, set CPLnormal to 1.00000.
y) Determine Composite Meter Factor (CMF): use Equation 95 and round per Table 8.
z) Determine Meter Accuracy (MA): use Equation 83 and round per Table 8.
aa) Determine K Factor (KF): use Equation 94 and round per Table 8.
bb) Determine Composite K Factor (CKF): use Equation 96 and round per Table 8.
The above steps can be summarized without the intermediate rounding for reporting purposes to the discrimination
levels in section 8, as follows:
MF
BPV x CTSp
Navg
NKFm
MMF
x CPSp x CTLp x CPLp
x CTLm x CPLm
BPVmp x CTSmp x CPSmp x CTLmp x CPLmp

Navg
NKFmm x CTLmm x CPLmm
CMF CPLnormal x
BPV x CTSp
Navg
NKFm
x CTLm x CPLm
78
(138)
(139)
(140)
Navg
NKFm
MA
BPV x CTSp
KF
x CTLm x CPLm
Navg x CTLm x CP Lm
BP V x CTSp x CP Sp x CTLp x CP Lp
CKF
Navg x CTLm x CPLm

BPV x CTSp x CPSp x CTLp x CPLp x CPLnormal
(141)
(142)
(143)
Step 6B - Determination of the Meter Factor Using the Average Meter Factor Model and Methods A or B
a) Determine the pulses during one proving run.
a. N whole pulses when pulse interpolation is not being used
b. Ni interpolated pulses when pulse interpolation is being used
b) Determine the prover temperature during one proving run and round per Table 3.
a. For a free displacer field prover determine Tp.
b. For a free displacer master prover determine Tmp.
c.
For a captive displacer field prover determine Tp and Td.
d. For a captive displacer master prover determine Tmp and Td.

c) Determine the prover pressure during one proving run and round per Table 4.
a. For a field prover determine Pp.
b. For a master prover determine Pmp.
d) Determine the meter temperature during one proving run and round per Table 3.
a. For a field meter determine Tm.
b. For a master meter determine Tmm.
e) Determine the meter pressure during one proving run and round per Table 4.
a. For a field meter determine Pm.
b. For a master meter determine Pmm.
f)

a. Obtain RHOgobs
b. Obtain Tobs
c.
Obtain Pobs
g) If using online density measurement:
a. Determine RHOgobs during one proving run and round per Table 1.
b. Determine Tdm during one proving run and round per Table 3.
c.
Determine Pdm during proving run and round per Table 4.
79
h) Determine the CTS for the prover and round per Table 8.
a. Method A:
i. CTSp for a free displacer field prover with internal detectors using Equation 67
ii. CTSmp for a free displacer master prover with internal detectors using Equation 68
iii. CTSp for a captive displacer field prover with external detectors using Equation 77
iv. CTSmp for a captive displacer master prover with external detectors using Equation 78
b. Method B:
i. CTSp for a free displacer field prover with internal detectors using Equation 65
ii. CTSmp for a free displacer master prover with internal detectors using Equation 66
iii. CTSp for a captive displacer field prover with external detectors using Equation 75
iv. CTSmp for a captive displacer master prover with external detectors using Equation 76
i)
Determine the CPS for the prover and round per Table 8.
a. CPSp for a single wall field prover using Equation 80
b. CPSmp for a single wall master prover using Equation 81
c.
CPSp for a double wall field prover shall be set to 1.00000.
d. CPSmp for a double wall master prover shall be set to 1.00000.

j)
Determine the CTL for the prover using MPMS Chapter 11.1 tables and algorithms.
a. CTLp for a field prover and round per Table 8.
b. CTLmp for a master prover and round per Table 8
k) Determine the CTL for the meter using MPMS Chapter 11.1 tables and algorithms.
a. CTLm for a field meter and round per Table 8.
b. CTLmm for a master meter and round per Table 8
c.
l)
Determine the CPL for the prover.

a. For a field prover:
i. Obtain PEGp at operating temperature (Tp) and round per Table 4.
ii. From above, obtain RHOb, Tp and Pp.
iv. If it has a low vapor pressure, determine Fp using either: Equations 24, 25 and 28; or,
11.2.2M and calculate Fp using Equation 26. Round per Table 5.
vi. Determine CPLp using Equation 27 and round per Table 8.
b. For a master prover:
i. Obtain PEGmp at operating temperature (Tmp) and round per Table 4.
ii. From above, obtain RHOb, Tmp and Pmp.
80
iv. If it has a low vapor pressure, determine Fmp using either: Equations 24, 25 and 28; or,
11.2.2M and calculate Fmp using Equation 26. Round per Table 5.
vi. Determine CPLmp using Equation 27 and round per Table 8.
m) Determine the CPL for the meter.
i. Obtain PEGm at operating temperature (Tm) and round per Table 4.
ii. From above, obtain RHOb, Tm and Pm.
iv. If it has a low vapor pressure, determine Fm using either: Equations 24, 25 and 28; or,
11.2.2M and calculate Fm using Equation 26. Round per Table 5.
vi. Determine CPLm using Equation 27 and round per Table 8.
vii. If the meter pulses for proving are pressure compensated, set CPLm to 1.00000.
i. Obtain PEGmm at operating temperature (Tmm) and round per Table 4.
ii. From above, obtain RHOb, Tmm and Pmm.
iv. If it has a low vapor pressure, determine Fmm using either: Equations 24, 25 and 28; or,
11.2.2M and calculate Fmm using Equation 26. Round per Table 5.
vi. Determine CPLmm using Equation 27 and round per Table 8.
n) Determine the CCF for the prover.
o) Determine CCF for the meter.
p) Determine GSVp for the prover:
a. Method A:
i. For a field prover determine GSVp using Equation 112 and round per Table 9.
ii. For a master prover determine GSVmp using Equation 114 and round per Table 9.
b. Method B:
i. For a field prover determine GSVp using Equation 111 and round per Table 9.
ii. For a master prover determine GSVmp using Equation 113 and round per Table 9.
q) Determine IVm for the meter or IVmm for a master meter:
a. For whole pulses meter use Equation 100 and round per Table 9.
81
b. For interpolated pulses use Equation 101 and round per Table 9.
r)
Determine ISV for a meter:

a. Method A:
i. For a field meter determine ISVm using Equation 103 and round per Table 9.
ii. For a master meter determine ISVmm using Equation 105 and round per Table 9.
b. Method B:
i. For a field meter determine ISVm using Equation 102 and round per Table 9.
ii. For a master meter determine ISVmm using Equation 104 and round per Table 9.
s) Determine Intermediate Meter Factor.

a. Method A:
i. For a field meter determine IMF using Equation 31 and round per Table 8.
ii. For a master meter determine IMMF using Equation 32 and round per Table 8.
b. Method B:
i. For a field meter determine IMF using Equation 144 and round per Table 8.
ii. For a master meter determine IMMF using Equation 145 and round per Table 8.
t)
Make successive proving runs until the run criteria for consecutive runs has been met.
u) Evaluate the results using Equation 137 and round to the 3rd decimal percent.
v) Determine Meter Factor:
a. Method A:
i. MF: for a field meter use Equation 133 and round per Table 8.
ii. MMF: for a master meter use Equation 134 and round per Table 8.
b. Method B:
i. MF: for a field meter use Equation 146 and round per Table 8.
ii. MMF: for a master meter use Equation 147 and round per Table 8.
w) Determine the normal operating pressure for the field meter.
x) Determine CPLnormal for normal using Equation 27 and round per Table 8.
y) If the meter pulses for measurement ticket are pressure compensated, set CPLnormal to 1.00000.
z) Determine Composite Meter Factor (CMF).
a. Method A: use Equation 95 and round per Table 8.
b. Method B: use Equation 148 and round per Table 8.
aa) Determine Meter Accuracy (MA).
bb) Determine K Factor (KF):
cc) Determine Composite K Factor (CKF):
82

BPV x CTSp x CPSp x CTLp x CPLp

N
NKFm x CTLm x CPLm
IMF
BPVmp x CTSmp x CPSmp x CTLmp x CPLmp

N
IMMF
MF
i 1
B P V C TS p C P S p C T Lp C P Lp N K Fm
N C T Lm C P Lm
n
i 1
MMF
B P V m p C T S m p C P S m p C T L m p C P L m p N K F m m
N CTLm m CPLm m
n
C M F C P Lnorm al
MA
i 1
i 1
B P V C TS p C P S p C TLp C P Lp N K Fm
N C TLm C P Lm
n
N CTLm CPLm
B P V p C T S p C P S p C T L p C P L p N K F m
n
KF
(144)
i 1
N C TLm C P Lm
B P V p C TS p C P S p C TLp C P Lp
CKF
i 1
N CTLm CPLm
B P V p C T S p C P S p C T L p C P L p
n C P L n o rm a l
(146)
(147)
(148)
(149)
(150)
(145)
(151)
13.7 Calculation Sequence Atmospheric Tank Provers

83
The atmospheric tank prover proving technique includes: reading the lower scale at or near the zero; directing the flow
from the meter being proved into the tank prover until reaching some level on the upper scale above or below its
nominal value; and then reading the upper scale. This constitutes a proving run. The lower scale reading may be
above or below the zero; a fixed weir zero; or, a dry bottom zero. In any case it shall be considered because the
atmospheric tank prover is used in its wet or to deliver condition. Therefore, just before making the first proving run
the vessel shall be filled once and drained in the prescribed manner to replicate its normal to deliver condition. See
API MPMS Chapter 4.8 for more operational detail.
The base prover volume (BPV) of the atmospheric tank prover lies between its nominal volume, such as 1000 gallons,
on the upper scale (sealed in place) and the zero on the bottom scale (sealed in place). When proving it is difficult to
make each run end on that nominal level so that in effect the base prover volume varies from run to run depending upon
where it starts on the lower scale and where it ends on the upper scale.
For a field tank prover the base prover volume is expressed by:
BPVa SRU SRL
(152)
For a master tank prover the base volume is expressed by:
( BPVamp SRU SRL )
(153)
In normal industry practice, the average meter factor evaluation model is used to calculate meter factors when proving
meters with atmospheric tank provers.
Intermediate calculated values in the following steps are unrounded until carried forward into the next calculation
steps in their prescribed decimal form in accordance with the discrimination tables in section 8; and, in accordance
with the discrete method A, all rounding for both reporting and calculating is to be exactly as specified in the tables in
section 8.
proving report calculations using atmospheric tank provers. The procedure is the same for both the case of proving a
field meter by a field prover and the case of proving a master meter using a master prover.
Step 1 Prover Data
Enter the following prover information, which is taken from the calibration certificate and matched with the prover,
onto the meter proving report form.
Prover Manufacturer
Prover Serial number
Type of atmospheric tank prover: dry bottom, fixed weir zero or bottom zero with scale
Material of construction of tank
Base prover volume (BPV) at mid-scale reading
Thermal coefficient of cubic expansion (GC) of the prover calibrated section, rounded per Table 6
Step 2 Meter Data

Enter the following information on the meter being proved onto the meter proving report form:
Date of proving
Meter manufacturer, size, and type

84
Meter model number and serial number
Service of meter: field meter or master meter
Nominal K-factor (NKFm or NKFmm) or Q-Function
Whether or not the meter is temperature compensated
Whether or not the meter is pressure compensated
Step 3 Fluid Data.

Liquid Density:
Observed liquid density (RHOobs - APIgobs, DENgobs or RDgobs) after all laboratory densitometer
(e.g. DMCF) or hydrometer (e.g. HYC) corrections have been made
Observed temperature (Tobs or Tdm) at point of density measurement
Observed Pressure (Pobs or Pdm) at point of density measurement
o
Assume PEG of 0 kPag or 0 psig
information:
Step 4 Run Data.

Prover data Tp or Tmp; and, SRU and SRL
Meter data Tm or Tmm; and, Pm or Pmm; and, N pulses or MRo and MRc
Density data RHOgobs at Tobs and Pobs or Tdm and Pdm; or, fixed RHOb
Step 5 Base Density

85
Step 6 - Determination of the Meter Factor Using the Average Meter Factor Model and Method A
a) Drain the prover in the prescribed manner in preparation of making the proving run.
b) Determine the liquid level lower scale reading (SRL) on the prover tank and round per Table 9.
c) Determine the pulses during one proving run (one filling of the tank prover) and round per Table 10.
a. Use N whole pulses when pulse interpolation is not being used.
b. Use Ni interpolated pulses when pulse interpolation is being used.
c.
If reading in is in volumetric units treat NKF as 1.00000.
d) Determine the liquid level upper scale reading (SRU) on the prover tank and round per Table 9.
e) Determine base prover volume for this proving run and round per Table 9.
a. Determine BPVa for a field prover by using Equation 152.
b. Determine BPVamp for a master prover by using Equation 153.
f)
Determine the prover temperature for the proving run and round per Table 3.
a. For a field prover determine Tp.
b. For a master prover determine Tmp.
g) Determine the meter temperature for the proving run and round per Table 3.
a. For a field meter determine Tm.
b. For a master meter determine Tmm.
h) Determine the prover pressure for the proving run and round per Table 4.
a. For the atmospheric field prover set Pp to 0 Kpag or 0 psig
b. For the atmospheric master prover set Pmp to 0 kPag or 0 psig
i)
Determine the meter pressure for the proving run and round per Table 4.
a. For a field meter determine Pm.
b. For a master meter determine Pmm.
j)

a. Obtain RHOgobs
b. Obtain Tobs
c.
Obtain Pobs
k) If using online density measurement:
a. Determine RHOgobs for one proving run and round per Table 1.
c.
l)
Determine the CTS for the prover and round per Table 8
a. CTSp for a field prover using Equation 67
b. CTSmp for a master prover using Equation 68
m) Determine the CPS for the prover and round per Table 8.
86
a. For the atmospheric field prover set CPSp to 1.00000.

b. For the atmospheric master set CPSmp to 1.00000.
n) Determine the CTL for the prover and round per Table 8.
a. CTLp for a field prover using MPMS Chapter 11.1 tables and algorithms.
b. CTLmp for a master prover using MPMS Chapter 11.1 tables and algorithms.
o) Determine the CTL for the meter and round per Table 8.
a. CTLm for a field meter using MPMS Chapter 11.1 tables and algorithms.
b. CTLmm for a master meter using MPMS Chapter 11.1 tables and algorithms.
c.
p) Determine the CPL for the prover and round per Table 8.
a. For the atmospheric field prover set CPLp to 1.00000.
b. For the atmospheric master set CPLmp to 1.00000.
q) Determine the CPL for the meter and round per Table 8.
i. From above, obtain RHOb, Tm and Pm.
ii. Determine Fm by using either: Equations 24, 25 and 28; or, historical MPMS Chapter 11.2.1
or 11.2.1M. Round per Table 5.
iii. Determine CPLm using Equation 27 and round per Table 8.
iv. If the meter pulses for proving are pressure compensated, set CPLm to 1.00000
i. From above, obtain RHOb, Tmm and Pmm.
ii. Determine Fmm by using either: Equations 24, 25 and 28; or, historical MPMS Chapter
11.2.1 or 11.2.1M. Round per Table 5.
iii. Determine CPLmm using Equation 27 and round per Table 8.
r)
Determine the CCF for the prover.

s) Determine CCF for the meter.

t)
Determine GSV for the prover.

a. For a field prover determine GSVp using Equation 112 and round per Table 9.
b. For a master prover determine GSVmp using Equation 114 and round per Table 9.
u) Determine IV for the meter and round per Table 9.

a. Determine IVm for a field meter using whole pulses and Equation 100.
b. Determine IVmm for a master meter using whole pulses and Equation 100.
c.
Determine IVm for a field meter using interpolated pulses and Equation 101.
d. Determine IVmm for a master meter using interpolated pulses and Equation 101.
87
v) Determine ISV for a meter:

a. Determine ISVm for a field meter using Equation 103 and round per Table 9.
b. Determine ISVmm for a master meter using Equation 105 and round per Table 9.
w) Determine IMF for a meter:
a. Determine IMF using Equation 31 using and round per Table 8.
b. Determine IMMF using Equation 32 using and round per Table 8.
k) Make successive runs until the run criteria for consecutive runs has been met.
l)
Evaluate the results using the range of intermediate meter factors and Equation 137 and round to the 3rd
decimal percent.
m) Determine Meter Factor:

a. Determine MF for a field meter using Equation 133 and round per Table 8.
b. Determine MMF for a master meter using Equation 134 and round per Table 8.
n) Determine the normal operating pressure for the field meter.
o) Determine CPLnormal using Equation 27 and round per Table 8.
p) If the meter pulses for measurement ticket are pressure compensated, set CPLnormal to 1.00000.
x) Determine Composite Meter Factor (CMF) using Equation 95 and round per Table 8.
y) Determine Meter Accuracy (MA) using Equation 83 and round per Table 8.
z) Determine K Factor (KF) using Equation 94 and round per Table 8.
aa) Determine Composite K Factor (CKF) using Equation 96 and round per Table 8.
IMF
IMF
(SRU SRL) x CTSp x CPSp x CTLp x CPLp

N
NKFm x CTLm x CPLm
(BPVa) x CTSp x 1.00000 x CTLp x 1.00000

N
NKFm x CTLm x CPLm
IMMF
BPVamp x CTSmp x 1.00000 x CTLmp x 1.00000

N
MF
x
i 1
B P V a C T S p 1.0 00 00 C T L p 1.0 000 0 N K F m

N C T Lm C P L m
n
88
(154)
(155)
(156)
(157)
n
i 1
MMF
B P V am p C TS m p 1.00000 C TLm p 1.00000 N K Fm m

N C T Lm m C P Lm m
n
C M F C P Lnorm al
MA
i 1
i 1
B P V a C TS p 1.00000 C TLp 1.00000 N K Fm

N C TLm C P Lm
n
N C T L m C P Lm
B P V a C T S p 1 .000 00 C T Lp 1.000 00 N K F m
n
KF
i 1
(158)
(159)
(160)
N C T L m C P Lm
B P V a C T S p 1 .0 0 0 0 0 C T L p 1 .0 0 0 0 0
n
(161)
CKF
x
i 1
N CTLm CPLm
B P V a C T S p 1 .0 0 0 0 0 C T L p 1 .0 0 0 0 0
n C P L n o rm a l
(162)
13.8 Calculation Sequence Master Meter Provers

After the master meter has been proved against a master prover, this master meter can then be used to prove
operational meters that are in custody transfer service. Since differences will almost certainly occur between the
proving conditions of the master meter using a master prover and the proving conditions of the master meter with an
operational meter, there is an increased degree of uncertainty in the final meter factor.
When proving with master meters, two separate actions are necessary. First, the master meter shall be proved using
a master prover which is normally thought of as a displacement or atmospheric tank prover that has been calibrated
by the waterdraw or gravimetric method. Second, this master meter is then used to determine the meter factor for the
field meter by acting as the prover. Since proving a master meter using a waterdraw calibrated displacement or
atmospheric tank master prover is the same process as proving a field meter using either a displacement prover or
an atmospheric tank prover, this section will focus only on using a master meter to prove a field meter.
The average meter factor evaluation model is used in master meter proving and the calculations described are in
accordance with the discrete method A. Therefore, the discrimination levels found in the tables in section 8 shall be
adhered to in both the internal calculations and for reporting purposes.
proving report calculations using a master prover. Intermediate calculated values in the following steps are
unrounded until carried forward into the next calculation steps in their prescribed decimal form in accordance with the
discrimination tables in section 8
89
These steps are focused on proving a field meter with a master meter.
Step 1 Master Meter Data
Enter the following prover information, which is taken from the calibration certificate and matched with the master
meter onto the meter proving report form.
Master meter manufacturer
Master meter model and size
Master meter serial number
Master meter type (PD, turbine or Coriolis)
Master meter Factor (selected on the flow rate/viscosity/density curves)
Master meter nominal K factor (NKFmm) Use NKFmm of 1.00000 if readout is in volume increments
Step 2 Meter Data

Enter the following information for the meter being proved onto the meter proving report form:
Date of proving
Field meter manufacturer
Field meter model and size
Field meter serial number
Field meter type (PD, turbine or Coriolis)
Field meter Factor (selected on the flow rate/viscosity/density curves)
Field meter nominal K factor (NKFmm) Use NKFm of 1.00000 if readout is in volume increments
Field meter nominal K factor (NKFm)
Whether or not the meter is temperature compensated
Whether or not the meter is pressure compensated
Calculation method: Method A or Method B
Evaluation model: Average Data Model or Average Meter Factor Model
Step 3 Fluid Data.


90

o
Gross observed liquid density (RHOobs - APIgobs, DENgobs or RDgobs) after all laboratory
densitometer (e.g. DMCF) or hydrometer (e.g. HYC) corrections have been made
Observed temperature (Tobs) at point of density measurement
Observed Pressure (Pobs) at point of density measurement

o
Gross observed liquid density (RHOgobs - APIgobs, DENgobs or RDgobs for each proving run after
all online densitometer corrections have been made
Observed temperature (Tdm) at point of density measurement
Observed Pressure (Pdm) at point of density measurement
o
If using an atmospherically unstable liquid with an equilibrium vapor pressure higher than the atmospheric
pressure at operating conditions, enter the following additional information, which is the equilibrium vapor
pressure (PE) of the fluid at the proving temperature, in appropriate pressure units. As a practical matter,
while equilibrium vapor pressure is often provided in absolute pressure units (e.g., 9 psia gasoline), the
volume calculations in this standard will be performed using gauge pressure units, thus the symbols PE (for
absolute) and PEG for gauge. Any liquid having a vapor pressure at operating conditions equal to or less
than one atmosphere will be considered to have a vapor pressure of 0 kPag or 0 psig. Round the PEG per
Table 4.
information:
Step 4 Run Data.

Master Meter Tmm and Pmm, N pulses and NKFmm
Meter data Tm and Pm, N pulses and NKFm
Density data RHOgobs at Tobs and Pobs or at Tdm and Pdm; or, fixed RHOb
Step 5 Base Density

Step 6 - Determination of the Meter Factor Using the Average Meter Factor Model and Method A
a) With the master meter in series with the field meter, make a proving run long enough to overcome any start
and stop errors and to gain the resolution needed for repeatable proving runs.
b) At the beginning of the proving run:
91
a. Zero the master meter pulse counter and round per Table 9.
b. Zero the field meter pulse counter and round per Table 9.
c) During the proving run:
a. Determine the master meter temperature (Tmm) and round per Table 3.
b. Determine the field meter temperature (Tm) and round per Table 3.
c.
Determine the master meter pressure (Pmm) and round per Table 4.
d. Determine the field meter pressure (Pm) and round per Table 4.
d) If using a fixed density:
a. Obtain RHOgobs
b. Obtain Tobs
c.
Obtain Pobs
e) If using online density measurement:
a. Determine RHOgobs during one proving run and round per Table 1.
c.
f)
At the end of the proving run:

a. Obtain the number of pulses (Nmm) for the master meter and round per Table 9.
b. Obtain the number of pulses (Nm) for the field meter and round per Table 9.
g) Determine the CTL correction factors using MPMS Chapter 11.1 tables and algorithms.
a. CTLmm for the master meter and round per Table 8.
b. CTLm for the field meter and round per Table 8
c.
If the meter pulses for proving on field meter are temperature compensated, set CTLm to 1.00000.
h) Determine the CPL for the master meter.

a. Obtain PEGmm at operating temperature (Tmm) and round per Table 4.
b. From above, obtain RHOb, Tmm and Pmm.
c.
Determine if the liquid has a low or a high vapor pressure at operating conditions.
d. If it has a low vapor pressure, determine Fmm using either: Equations 24, 25 and 28; or, historical
MPMS Chapter 11.2.1 or 11.2.1M. Round per Table 5.
e. If it has a high vapor pressure, obtain the A and B factors from MPMS Chapter 11.2.2 or 11.2.2M and
calculate Fmm using Equation 26. Round per Table 5.
f.
i)
Determine CPLmm using Equation 27 and round per Table 8.
Determine the CPL for the field meter:

a. Obtain PEGm at operating temperature (Tm) and round per Table 4.
b. From above, obtain RHOb, Tm and Pm.
c.
Determine if the liquid has a low or a high vapor pressure at operating conditions.
d. If it has a low vapor pressure, determine Fm using either: Equations 24, 25 and 28; or, historical
MPMS Chapter 11.2.1 or 11.2.1M. Round per Table 5.
92
e. If it has a high vapor pressure, obtain the A and B factors from MPMS Chapter 11.2.2 or 11.2.2M and
calculate Fm using Equation 26. Round per Table 5.
f.
Determine CPLm using Equation 27 and round per Table 8.
g. If the field meter pulses for proving are pressure compensated, set CPLm to 1.00000.
j)
Determine the CCF corrections factors.

a. For the master meter determine CCFmm Equation 43 and round per Table 8.
b. For the field meter determine CCFm using Equation 45 and round per Table 8.
k) Determine the Indicated Volumes and round per Table 9.

a. Determine IVmm for the master using Equation 100.
b. Determine IVm for the field meter using Equation 100.
l)
Determine GSVmm for the master meter using Equation 44 and round per Table 9.
m) Determine ISVm for the field meter using Equation 46 and round per Table 9.
n) Determine the IMF for the field meter using Equation 43 and round per Table 8.
o) Make successive proving runs until the run criteria for consecutive runs has been met.
p) Evaluate the results using Equation 137 and round to the 3rd decimal percent.
q) Determine the meter factor for the field meter using Equation 133 and round per Table 8.
r)
Determine the normal operating pressure for the field meter.
s) Determine CPLnormal for normal operating pressure using Equation 27 and round per Table 8.
t)
If the meter pulses for measurement ticket are pressure compensated, set CPLnormal to 1.00000.
u) Determine Composite Meter Factor (CMF) using Equation 95 and round per Table 8.
v) Determine Meter Accuracy (MA) using Equation 83 and round per Table 8.
w) Determine K Factor (KF) using Equation 94 and round per Table 8.
x) Determine Composite K Factor (CKF) using Equation 96 and round per Table 8.
IMF
Nmm x NKFm x MMF x CTLmm x CPLmm

Nm x NKFmm x CTLm x CPLm
MF
x
i 1
Nm m x NKFm x M M F x CTLm m x CPLm m

Nm x NKFm m x CTLm x CPLm
n
C M F C P L no rm al
x
i 1
Nmm x NKFm x M M F x CTLm m x CPLm m

Nm x NKFm m x CTLm x CPLm
n
93
(163)
(164)
(165)
n
MA
i 1
KF
N m x C T Lm x C P Lm x N K F m m
N m m x M M F x C T Lm m x C P Lm m x N K Fm
i 1
N m x C TLm x C P Lm x N K Fm m
N m m x M M F x C TLm m x C P Lm m
CKF
(167)
x
i 1
Nm x CTLm x CPLm x NKFm m

Nm m x M M F x CTLm m x CPLm m
n C P L n o rm a l
(166)
(168)
14 Measurement Ticket Examples 1 through 5

The following examples will illustrate some of the variation in calculating measurement ticket batches or batch
segments. Both SI and U.S. customary units are depicted. The conversions between SI volumes and US customary
volumes are exact at the same temperature and pressure; however, for custody transfer purposes the base
temperature for SI units is 15 C (59 F) while the base temperature for US customary units is 60 F (15.555556 C).
This results in having different CTL correction factors for essentially the same example in both SI and US customary
units. Therefore the gross standard volumes would not be equal since they are at two different temperatures. See
API MPMS Chapter 11.5 for more information on density, weight and volume intraconversions.
The observed density (RHOobs) is the indicated density by hydrometer or density meter. The gross observed
density (RHOgobs) is the observed density which has been corrected so that the density is the true density at
observed temperature and pressure. Corrections include the density meter correction factor or the hydrometer
correction factor. Only the gross observed density (RHOgobs) is to be used in the determination of the base density;
and, never the indicated density (RHOobs).
The gross observed density (RHOgobs) may be obtained by making a one-time test for the batch on a composite
sample of the liquid. In that case the gross observed density (RHOgobs) at the observed temperature (Tobs) and
observed pressure (Pobs) at the point of making the density measurement would be used to determine a fixed base
density.
The gross observed density (RHOgobs) may be obtained from a flow-weighted average of the gross observed
density (RHOwa) by an online density meter, in which case it would also be necessary to obtain a flow-weighted
average temperature (TWAdm) and pressure (PWAdm) at the density measurement point. These temperatures and
pressures are distinct from the temperatures and pressure at the flow meter.
In using the discrete data method A, a complete batch is calculated from one set of discrete data. The calculation of
gross standard volumes requires that a flow-weighted average temperature and pressure at the point of volume
measurements by flow meter be used to make CTL and CPL corrections for the complete batch.
In a system using the continuous data method B, the gross observed density (RHOgobs) may be obtained for each
batch segment, the size of which would be limited to the cycle time of the flow computer. In that case RHOobs would
be indicated on an incremental basis and corrected to RHOgobs, along with the temperature (Tdm) at the point of
density measurement and pressure (Pdm) at the point of density measurement and converted to base density
(RHOb) for calculation of the gross standard volume (GSV) for that batch segment. The batch segment gross
standard volumes would be incremented to the end of the batch.
Comparison between the discrete data method A, and the continuous data method B, is made possible by
determining and using RHOwa, TWAdm and PWAdm for the A method calculation as illustrated in the examples.
94
In the case of a meter delivering temperature compensated volumes, the CTL would be set at 1.00000. In the case
of a meter delivering pressure compensated volumes, the CPL would be set at 1.00000. In the case of a meter in a
constant pressure and low pressure situation the parties might choose to use a composite meter factor (CMF) in
which the CPL for the normal operating pressure (CPLnormal) is already reflected in the CMF.
For the purpose of reproducing the calculations in Examples 1 through 5, the input data is to be used explicitly as
given for both the discrete data method (Method A) and the continuous data method (Method B). The calculation
output data for Method A shall also be as explicitly reported in the example. However, the calculation output data for
Method B, including the base density as calculated per Chapter 11.1, shall be calculated using free floating decimals
rather than conforming to the reported discrimination table values in section 8 of this document. The reported values
shown in the examples depict the final measurement ticket for the entire batch which would be used to compare the
calculations from methods A and B. It is understood that the internal calculations for Method B would always use
free floating decimals.
For the purpose of making a comparison between Method A and Method B in Examples 1, 2 and 5, the gross
standard volumes should be used: ((GSV Method A - GSV Method B) / (GSV Method B)) x (100). It is understood
that there would be small differences between the two methods due to rounding in Method A. However, closer
correlations can be obtained by using the same discrimination levels for RHOwa, TWA and PWA on the discrete data
calculation as are reported on the continuous data generated measurement ticket. In any case, it is understood that
the two GSV values calculated may not be exactly the same.
For the purpose of making a comparison between Columns 1 and Column 2 in Example 3, the gross standard
volumes should be used: ((GSV Column 1 - GSV Column 2) / (GSV Column 2)) x (100). In Column 1 the indicated
volume is corrected for temperature by an automatic temperature compensator (ATC) so the CTL is equal to 1.0000.
The gross volume at 60F is corrected for pressure by using a composite meter factor (CMF) rather than a meter
factor (MF) for this low pressure / constant pressure situation so the CPL is equal to 1.0000 in Column 1. There may
be slightly different answers due to the effect of rounding in Method A and intrinsic rounding in the use of automatic
temperature compensation (ATC) and a composite meter factor (CMF).
For the purpose of making a comparison between Column 1 and Column 2 in Example 4, the gross standard
volumes should be used: ((GSV Column 1 - GSV Column 2) / (GSV Column 2)) x (100). However, because Column
1 is calculated in SI units at base conditions of 15C and equilibrium vapor pressure, and Column 2 is calculated in
USC units at base conditions of 60F and equilibrium vapor pressure, the barrels at 60F must be converted to cubic
meters at 15C before the comparison is made. It is understood that the two GSV values calculated may not be
exactly the same.
For the purpose of making commercial transactions requiring density/volume intraconversions between SI units and
USC units, see API MPMS Chapter 11.5, Parts 1, 2 and 3.
95
14.1 Example 1 - Measurement Ticket

Example Description:
Discrete (A) or continuous data method (B)
International or customary units?
Temperature compensated meter readings?
Pressure compensated meter readings?
Use CMF (composite) in place of MF?
Density measurement device type
Low or high vapor pressure liquid?
Type of liquid
Crude Oil - SI Units - Methods A and B

A
SI Units
No
No
No
Laboratory Densitometer
Low Vapor Pressure
Crude Oil
B
SI Units
No
No
No
Online Densitometer
Low Vapor Pressure
Crude Oil
Liquid Data:
Observed density
(RHOgobs)
Observed temperature
(Tobs)
Observed pressure
(Pobs)
Observed equilibrium vapor pressure at Tobs
Sediment and water percent
819.5
23.95
0.0
0.0
0.149
DENgobs (kg/m )
Tdm (C)
Pdm (kPag)
PEGdm (kPag)
S&W %
932,850.822
606,429.494
1.0016
24.55
2,626
0
821.34
23.944
2,624.4
0.0
0.149
DENwa (kg/m )
TWAdm (C)
PWAdm (kPag)
PEGdm (kPag)
S&W %
MRc (m )
MRo (m3)
MF
TWAm (C)
PWAm (kPag)
PEGm (kPag)
932,850.822
606,429.494
1.001602
24.561
2,626.3
0.0
MRc (m3)
MRo (m3)
MF
TWAm (C)
PWAm (kPag)
PEGm (kPag)
DENb
CTLm
Fm
CPLm
CCFm
IVm
GSVm
CSW
NSV
SWV
826.23
0.991375
0.000000828
1.002180
0.995128
326,421.328
324,830.911
0.99851
324,346.913
483.998
DENb
CTLm
Fm
CPLm
CCFm
IVm
GSVm
CSW
NSV
SWV
Meter Data:
Closing Meter Reading in Volume Units

Opening Meter Reading in Volume Units
Meter Factor (MF) or Composite (CMF)
Weighted Average Temperature
Weighted Average Pressure
Equilibrium vapor pressure at meter
Calculations:
Base Density
Correction for temperature of the liquid
Compressibility factor
CPLm = (1) / (1 - (F) x (PWAm - PEGm))
CCFm = MF x CTLm x CPLm
Indicated Volume (IVm) = MRc - MRo)
Gross Standard Volume Units = IVm x CCFm
Correction for S&W = 1 - (S&W% / 100)
Net Standard Volume Units = GSVm x CSW
Sediment and Water Volume Units
((Method A - Method B) / (Method B)) * (100)
826.2
0.9914
0.000000828
1.0022
0.9952
326,421.328
324,854.506
0.99851
324,370.473
484.033
0.007
%
96

Diesel Fuel - SI Units - Methods A and B
Type of liquid
A
SI Units
No
No
No
Laboratory Densitometer
Low Vapor Pressure
Diesel Fuel
Liquid Data:
Observed density
(RHOgobs)
(Tobs)
Observed pressure
(Pobs)
843.9
21.30
0.0
0.0
0.000
DENgobs (kg/m )
Tdm (C)
Pdm (kPag)
PEGdm (kPag)
S&W %
Meter Data:
718,841.766
673,176.587
0.9983
21.85
690
0
Calculations:
Base Density
CPLm = (1) / (1 - (F) x (PWAm - PEGm))
848.4
0.9943
0.000000757
1.0005
0.9931
45,665.179
45,350.089
1.00000
45,350.089
0.000
-0.003
%
B
SI Units
No
No
No
Online Densitometer
Low Vapor Pressure
Diesel Fuel
97
844.42
21.289
689.6
0.0
0.000
DENwa (kg/m )
TWAdm (C)
PWAdm (kPag)
PEGdm (kPag)
S&W %
MRc (m )
MRo (m3)
MF
TWAm (C)
PWAm (kPag)
PEGm (kPag)
718,841.766
673,176.587
0.998301
21.828
690.2
0.0
MRc (m3)
MRo (m3)
MF
TWAm (C)
PWAm (kPag)
PEGm (kPag)
DENb
CTLm
Fm
CPLm
CCFm
IVm
GSVm
CSW
NSV
SWV
848.43
0.994304
0.000000757
1.000523
0.993133
45,665.179
45,351.591
1.00000
45,351.591
0.000
DENb
CTLm
Fm
CPLm
CCFm
IVm
GSVm
CSW
NSV
SWV

Type of liquid
Liquid Data:
Observed density
(RHOgobs)
(Tobs)
Observed pressure
(Pobs)
Meter Data:
Calculations:
Base Density
CPLm = (1) / (1 - (F) x (PWAm - PEGm))
((Column 1 - Column 2) / (Column 2)) * (100)
Gasoline - USC Units - Method A

A
USC Units
YES
No
YES
Hydrometer
Low Vapor Pressure
Gasoline
A
USC Units
No
No
No
Lab Densitometer
Low Vapor Pressure
Gasoline
Column 1
63.5
72.0
0
0
0.000
APIgobs
Tobs (F)
Pobs (psig)
PEGobs (psig)
S&W %
Column 2
63.5
72.0
0
0
0.000
APIgobs
Tdm (F)
Pdm (psig)
PEGdm (psig)
S&W %
5,867,345.09
5,857,450.03
0.9986
75.8
40
0
MRc (bbls)
MRo (bbls)
CMF
TWAm (F)
PWAm (psig)
PEGm (psig)
5,867,455.15
5,857,450.03
0.9983
75.8
40
0
MRc (bbls)
MRo (bbls)
MF
TWAm (F)
PWAm (psig)
PEGm (psig)
61.9
1.0000
N/A
1.0000
0.9986
9,895.06
9,881.21
1.00000
9,881.21
0.000
0.002
APIb
CTLm
Fm
CPLm
CCFm
IVm
GSVm
CSW
NSV
SWV
61.9
0.9890
0.00000845
1.0003
0.9876
10,005.12
9,881.06
1.00000
9,881.06
0.000
APIb
CTLm
Fm
CPLm
CCFm
IVm
GSVm
CSW
NSV
SWV
98

Type of liquid
Liquid Data:
Observed density
(RHOgobs)
(Tobs)
Observed pressure
(Pobs)
LPG - SI and USC Units - Method A

A
SI Units
No
No
No
Lab Densitometer
High Vapor Pressure
LPG
A
USC Units
No
No
No
Lab Densitometer
High Vapor Pressure
LPG
Column 1
502.6
20
811
811
0.000
DENgobs
Tdm (C)
Pdm (kPag)
PEGdm (kPag)
S&W %
Column 2
0.5031
68.0
118
118
0.000
Rdgobs
Tdm (F)
Pdm (psig)
PEGdm (psig)
S&W %
687,691.964
MRc (m )
4,325,452.32
MRc (bbls)
3,958,415.36
1.0002
100.2
600
185
MRo (bbls)
MF
TWAm (F)
PWAm (psig)
PEGm (psig)
Meter Data:

629,337.750
1.0002
37.90
4,137
1,276
MRo (m )
MF
TWAm (C)
PWAm (kPag)
PEGm (kPag)
Calculations:
Base Density
DENb (15C)
510.0
0.5097
CTLm
0.9295
0.9310
Fm
0.000007602
0.00005238
CPLm = (1) / (1 - (F) x (PWAm - PEGm))
1.0222
CPLm
1.0222
0.9503
CCFm
0.9519
58,354.214
IVm
367,036.96
55,454.010
GSVm
349,382.48
1.00000
CSW
1.00000
55,454.01
NSV
349,382.48
0.000
SWV
0.000
Convert GSV barrels at 60F to barrels at 15C: (Bbls60F) x ((CTL Column 1) / ( CTL Column 2)) =
Convert GSV barrels at 15C to cubic meters: (Bbls15C x 16.387064 x 9702) / (1000000)
=
Recap Column 1 and Column 2 in CuM@15C
55,454.010
CuM at 15C
55,457.879
((Column 1 - Column 2) / (Column 2)) * (100)
-0.007
%
99
RDb (60F)
CTLm
Fm
CPLm
CCFm
IVm
GSVm
CSW
NSV
SWV
348819.57
55457.879
CuM 15C

Type of liquid
Liquid Data:
Observed density
(RHOgobs)
(Tobs)
Observed pressure
(Pobs)
Crude Oil - USC Units - Methods A and B

A
USC Units
No
No
No
Lab Densitometer
Low Vapor Pressure
Crude Oil
B
USC Units
No
No
No
Online Densitometer
Low Vapor Pressure
Crude Oil
40.6
75.1
0
0
0.000
DENgobs
Tdm (C)
Pdm (kPag)
PEGdm (kPag)
S&W %
Meter Data:
2,238,143.47
2,138,022.24
1.0016
77.4
420
0
Calculations:
Base Density
CPLm = (1) / (1 - (F) x (PWAm - PEGm))
39.3
0.9913
0.00000570
1.0024
0.9953
100,121.23
99,650.66
1.00000
99,650.66
0.000
0.002
100
40.62
75.12
420.23
0.00
0.000
RDwa
TWAdm (F)
PWAdm (psig)
PEGdm (psig)
S&W %
MRc (m )
3
MRo (m )
MF
TWAm (C)
PWAm (kPag)
PEGm (kPag)
2,238,143.47
2,138,022.24
1.001602
77.36
420.44
0.00
MRc (bbls)
MRo (bbls)
MF
TWAm (F)
PWAm (psig)
PEGm (psig)
RDb (60F)
CTLm
Fm
CPLm
CCFm
IVm
GSVm
CSW
NSV
SWV
39.72
0.991288
0.00000574
1.002418
0.995277
100,121.23
99,648.36
1.00000
99,648.36
0.000
RDb (60F)
CTLm
Fm
CPLm
CCFm
IVm
GSVm
CSW
NSV
SWV
Annex A
Informative
Meter Proving Report Examples
A.1
Example 1 Free Displacer Prover Proving Report Average Data Method A
A.2
Example 2 Free Displacer Prover Proving Report Average Meter Factor Method A
A.3
Example 3 Free Displacer Prover Proving Report Average Meter Factor Method B
A.4
Example 4 Captive Displacer Prover Proving Report Average Data Method A
A.5
Example 5 Captive Displacer Prover Proving Report Average Meter Factor Method A
A.6
Example 6 Captive Displacer Prover Proving Report Average Meter Factor Method B
A.7
Example 7 Atmospheric Tank Prover Proving Report Average Meter Factor Method A
A.8
Example 8 Master Meter Prover Proving Report Average Meter Factor Method A
A.9
Example 9 Multiple Runs (Average Data) and Multiple Sets (Average Meter Factor) Method A
A.10 Example 10 High Vapor Pressure Liquid (Propane) Proving Report Average Data Method A
101
A.1 Example 1 Free Displacer Prover Proving Report Average Data Method A
Free Displacer Prover - Proving Report - Average Data Method A
API MPMS Chapter 12.2
Washington, D.C. USA
OPERATOR :
LOCATION :
METER DATA
MF or CMF
MF
(for ticket)
T.Comp. Pulses
No
(CTLm=1 if Yes)
NKF
1,000
Pulses per Barrel
Meter No.
006
Manufacturer PD Meter Maker
Size
10
inches
Serial No. PD-687392
Model No.
PD
FLUID DATA
Fluid Type
Crude
Batch No. Example
APIgobs
44.6
API
Tobs
87.0
degF
Liquid Tables 5A & 6A
APIb
42.1
API
PROVER DATA
BPV
11.9048
Bbls
ID
19.000
inches
WT
0.500
inches
GCp 0.0000186 per degF
E
30000000 per psi
Type Unidirectional Free Displacer
Single-Walled
1
Yes=1 and No=2
Internal Detectors
1
Yes=1 and No=2
Serial No.
U-101
Manufacturer Prover Maker Company
Material Mild Carbon Steel
RUN
No.
3
4
5
6
7
Average
Date
Fluid Type
Report No.
Flowrate
Totalizer
API @ 60
Prover Temp
R(%)
Factor (MF)
Factor (CMF)
MF variation
Liquid Properties at Normal

Metering Conditions For CMF
Pressure
Temperature
Equilibrium VP
CPLnormal
40
78.7
0
1.0002
psig
degF
psig
PRESSURE
78.7
Pp
(psig)
39
36
38
37
36
Pm
(psig)
43
44
44
42
44
37
43
04/20/14
Crude
20
4,020
4,678,329
41.8
84.5
0.042
1.0042
1.0044
0.0007
Current
05/20/14
Crude
21
4,000
5,423,873
42.1
78.6
0.025
1.0050
1.0052
0.0008
Run Criteria: Maximum of 10 Runs

Five (5) Consecutive Runs
Within a Range of 0.050 %
Average Data Method A
API 5A/6A - Crude Oil and JP-4

TEMPERATURE
Tp
Tm
(degF)
(degF)
78.6
78.6
78.2
78.5
78.5
78.8
78.8
78.9
78.8
78.9
78.6
REPORT DATA
Previous
PULSES
N
11,852
11,851
11,850
11,852
11,849
11850.8
Determination of GSVp
BPV
11.9048
] x [
CTSp
1.00035
Determination of ISVm
Average
Pulses/BBL
Pulses
NKF
[ 11,850.8
/
1,000
CPSp
1.00005
CTLp
0.99040
CPLp
1.00022
CCFp
0.99101 ] =
GSVp
11.7978
Fp
0.00000600
IVm
11.8508
]x[
CTLm
0.99035
CPLm
1.00026
CCFm
0.99061 ] =
ISVm
11.7395
Fm
0.00000600
Determination of Proving Factors

(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
( GSVp )/( ISVm )

( MF )*( CPLnormal )
1 / MF
( NKF )/( MF )
( KF )/( CPL )
Remarks
=
=
=
=
=
1.0050
1.0052
0.9950
995.025
994.826
=
=
=
=
=
MF
CMF
MA
KF
CKF
Signature ______________________________________________ Date ______________ Company __________________________________________

102
A.2 Example 2 Free Displacer Prover Proving Report Average Meter Factor Method A
Free Displacer Prover - Proving Report - Average Meter Factor Method A
OPERATOR :
LOCATION :
METER DATA
MF or CMF
MF
(for ticket)
T.Comp. Pulses
No
(CTLm=1 if Yes)
NKF
1,000
Pulses per Barrel
Meter No.
006
Size
10
inches
Model No.
PD
FLUID DATA
Fluid Type
Crude
Batch No. Example
APIgobs
44.6
API
Tobs
87.0
degF
APIb
42.1
API
3
4
5
6
7
Average
Pressure
Temperature
Equilibrium VP
CPLnormal
Prover Temp
R(%)
Factor (MF)
Factor (CMF)
MF variation
40
78.7
0
1.0002
psig
degF
psig
PRESSURE
78.7
Pp
(psig)
39
36
38
37
36
Pm
(psig)
43
44
44
42
44
37
43
04/20/14
Crude
20
4,020
4,678,329
41.8
84.5
0.042
1.0042
1.0044
0.0007
Current
05/20/14
Crude
21
4,000
5,423,873
42.1
78.6
0.024
1.0050
1.0052
0.0008

Average MF Method A

TEMPERATURE
Tp
Tm
(degF)
(degF)
78.6
78.8
78.2
78.5
78.5
78.6
78.8
78.9
78.8
78.9
78.6
Date
Fluid Type
Report No.
Flowrate
Totalizer
API @ 60

PROVER DATA
BPV
11.9048
Bbls
ID
19.000
inches
WT
0.500
inches
E
30000000 per psi
Single-Walled
1
Yes=1 and No=2
Internal Detectors
1
Yes=1 and No=2
Serial No.
U-101
RUN
REPORT DATA
Previous
PULSES
N
Intermediate
IMF
11,852
11,851
11,850
11,852
11,849
1.00492
1.00505
1.00503
1.00487
1.00511
11850.8
1.004996
Average IMF
[
[
[
[
[
[
[
[
[
[
BPV
11.9048
11.9048
11.9048
11.9048
11.9048
]
]
]
]
]
x
x
x
x
x
[
[
[
[
[
CTSp
1.00035
1.00034
1.00034
1.00035
1.00035
Run
Pulses/BBL
Pulses
NKF
11,852.0
/
1,000
11,851.0
/
1,000
11,850.0
/
1,000
11,852.0
/
1,000
11,849.0
/
1,000
x
x
x
x
x
CPSp
1.00005
1.00005
1.00005
1.00005
1.00005
x
x
x
x
x
CTLp
0.99040
0.99061
0.99045
0.99030
0.99030
x
x
x
x
x
CPLp
1.00023
1.00022
1.00023
1.00022
1.00022
=
=
=
=
=
CCFp
0.99102
0.99121
0.99106
0.99091
0.99091
]
]
]
]
]
=
=
=
=
=
GSVp
11.7979
11.8002
11.7984
11.7966
11.7966
Fp
Fp
Fp
Fp
Fp
=
=
=
=
=
0.00000600
0.00000599
0.00000600
0.00000600
0.00000600
=
=
=
=
=
IVm
11.8520
11.8510
11.8500
11.8520
11.8490
]x[
]x[
]x[
]x[
]x[
CTLm
0.99030
0.99045
0.99040
0.99025
0.99025
x
x
x
x
x
CPLm
1.00026
1.00026
1.00026
1.00025
1.00026
=
=
=
=
=
CCFm
0.99056
0.99071
0.99066
0.99050
0.99051
]
]
]
]
]
=
=
=
=
=
ISVm
11.7401
11.7409
11.7393
11.7394
11.7366
Fm
Fm
Fm
Fm
Fm
=
=
=
=
=
0.00000600
0.00000600
0.00000600
0.00000601
0.00000601

(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
( GSVp )/( ISVm )

1 / MF
( NKF )/( MF )
( KF )/( CPL )
Remarks
=
=
=
=
=
1.0050
1.0052
0.9950
995.025
994.826
=
=
=
=
=
MF
CMF
MA
KF
CKF
Signature _____________________________________________ Date ______________ Company _________________________________________________

103
A.3 Example 3 Free Displacer Prover Proving Report Average Meter Factor Method B
Free Displacer Prover - Proving Report - Average Meter Factor Method B
OPERATOR :
LOCATION :
METER DATA
MF or CMF
MF
(for ticket)
T.Comp. Pulses
No
(CTLm=1 if Yes)
NKF
1,000
Pulses per Barrel
Meter No.
006
Size
10
inches
Model No.
PD
FLUID DATA
Fluid Type
Crude
Batch No. Example
APIgobs
44.6
API
Tobs
87.0
degF
APIb
42.14
API
PROVER DATA
BPV
11.9048
Bbls
ID
19.000
inches
WT
0.500
inches
GLp 0.0000062 per degF
E
30000000 per psi
Single-Walled
1
Yes=1 and No=2
Internal Detectors
1
Yes=1 and No=2
Serial No.
U-101
RUN
3
4
5
6
7
Average
REPORT DATA
Previous
Date
Fluid Type
Report No.
Flowrate
Totalizer
API @ 60
Prover Temp
R(%)
Factor (MF)
Factor (CMF)
MF variation

Pressure
40.00
psig
Temperature
78.74
degF
Equilibrium VP
0.00
psig
CPLnormal 1.000240
Pp
(psig)
38.88
35.88
38.09
36.97
36.22
PRESSURE
Pm
(psig)
42.76
44.12
43.87
42.22
43.98
78.58
37.21
43.39
78.74
04/20/14
Crude
20
4,020
4,678,329
41.83
05/20/14
Crude
21
4,000
5,423,873
42.14
84.52
0.0422
1.004204
1.004400
0.000721
78.58
0.0241
1.005000
1.005241
0.000796

Average MF Method B

TEMPERATURE
Tp
Tm
(degF)
(degF)
78.62
78.82
78.18
78.52
78.50
78.58
78.78
78.88
78.82
78.92
Current
PULSES
N
Intermediate
IMF
11,852
11,851
11,850
11,852
11,849
1.004933
1.005052
1.005027
1.004872
1.005114
11850.80
1.0049996
Average IMF
[
[
[
[
[
[
[
[
[
[
BPV
11.9048
11.9048
11.9048
11.9048
11.9048
]
]
]
]
]
x
x
x
x
x
[
[
[
[
[
CTSp
1.000346
1.000338
1.000344
1.000349
1.000350
Run
Pulses/BBL
Pulses
NKF
11,852
/
1,000
11,851
/
1,000
11,850
/
1,000
11,852
/
1,000
11,849
/
1,000
x
x
x
x
x
CPSp
1.000049
1.000045
1.000048
1.000047
1.000046
x
x
x
x
x
CTLp
0.990388
0.990615
0.990450
0.990305
0.990284
x
x
x
x
x
CPLp
1.000233
1.000215
1.000229
1.000222
1.000218
=
=
=
=
=
CCFp
0.991010
0.991207
0.991065
0.990917
0.990892
]
]
]
]
]
=
=
=
=
=
GSVp
11.79778
11.80012
11.79843
11.79667
11.79637
Fp
Fp
Fp
Fp
Fp
=
=
=
=
=
0.00000600
0.00000599
0.00000600
0.00000601
0.00000601
=
=
=
=
=
IVm
11.85200
11.85100
11.85000
11.85200
11.84900
]x[
]x[
]x[
]x[
]x[
CTLm
0.990284
0.990439
0.990408
0.990253
0.990232
x
x
x
x
x
CPLm
1.000257
1.000265
1.000263
1.000254
1.000264
=
=
=
=
=
CCFm
0.990539
0.990701
0.990668
0.990505
0.990493
]
]
]
]
]
=
=
=
=
=
ISVm
11.73987
11.74080
11.73942
11.73947
11.73635
Fm
Fm
Fm
Fm
Fm
=
=
=
=
=
0.00000601
0.00000600
0.00000600
0.00000601
0.00000601

(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
( GSVp )/( ISVm )

1 / MF
( NKF )/( MF )
( KF )/( CPL )
Remarks
=
=
=
=
=
1.005000
1.005241
0.995025
995.0249
994.7862
=
=
=
=
=
MF
CMF
MA
KF
CKF

104
A.4 Example 4 Captive Displacer Prover Proving Report Average Data Method A
Captive Displacer Prover - Proving Report - Average Data Method A
OPERATOR :
LOCATION :
METER DATA
MF or CMF
MF
(for ticket)
T.Comp. Pulses
No
(CTLm=1 if Yes)
NKF
1,000
Pulses per Barrel
Meter No.
007
Manufacturer Turbine Meter Maker
Size
6
inches
Serial No. TM-392645
Model No.
T
FLUID DATA
Fluid Type
Crude
Batch No. Example
APIgobs
44.6
API
Tobs
87.0
degF
APIb
42.1
API
PROVER DATA
BPV
0.476034
Bbls
ID
16.997
inches
WT
0.594
inches
GAp 0.0000192 per degF
GLDp 0.0000096 per degF
E
28000000 per psi
Type Unidirectional Captive Displacer
Single-Walled
1
Yes=1 and No=2
Internal Detectors
2
Yes=1 and No=2
Serial No.
CD-102
Material Barrel 304 SS & Rod 304 SS
RUN
No.
6
7
8
9
10
Average
90.3
78.7
CTSp
1.00065
CPSp
1.00004
Date
Fluid Type
Report No.
Flowrate
Totalizer
API @ 60
Prover Temp
R(%)
Factor (MF)
Factor (CMF)
MF variation

Pressure
Temperature
Equilibrium VP
CPLnormal
40
78.7
0
1.0002
psig
degF
psig
Pm
(psig)
43
44
44
42
44
37
43
84.5
0.042
0.9972
0.9974
0.0007
05/20/14
Crude
21
4,000
5,423,873
42.1
78.6
0.045
0.9984
0.9986
0.0012
INTERPOLATED
PULSES
Ni
PRESSURE
Pp
(psig)
39
36
38
37
36
04/20/14
Crude
20
4,020
4,678,329
41.8
Current


TEMPERATURE
Tp
Td
Tm
(degF)
(degF) (degF)
78.6
90.2
78.6
78.2
90.2
78.5
78.5
90.3
78.8
78.8
90.4
78.9
78.8
90.4
78.9
78.6
REPORT DATA
Previous
477.109
477.007
477.222
477.202
477.167
477.1414
BPV
0.476034
] x [
Average
Pulses/BBL
Pulses
NKF
[ 477.1414
/
1,000
IVm
0.477141 ] x [
CTLp
0.99040
CPLp
1.00022
CCFp
0.99130
] =
GSVp
0.471893
Fp
0.00000600
CTLm
0.99035
CPLm
1.00026
CCFm
0.99061
] =
ISVm
0.472661
Fm
0.00000600

(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
( GSVp )/( ISVm )

1 / MF
( NKF )/( MF )
( KF )/( CPL )
Remarks
=
=
=
=
=
0.9984
0.9986
1.0016
1001.60
1001.40
=
=
=
=
=
MF
CMF
MA
KF
CKF
Signature ______________________________________________ Date ______________
Company ________________________________________
Signature ______________________________________________ Date ______________
Company ________________________________________
Signature ______________________________________________ Date ______________
Company ________________________________________
105
A.5 Example 5 Captive Displacer Prover Proving Report Average Meter Factor Method A
Captive Displacer Prover - Proving Report - Average Meter Factor Method A
OPERATOR :
LOCATION :
METER DATA
MF or CMF
MF
(for ticket)
T.Comp. Pulses
No
(CTLm=1 if Yes)
NKF
1,000
Pulses per Barrel
Meter No.
007
Size
6
inches
Model No.
TM
FLUID DATA
Fluid Type
Crude
Batch No. Example
APIgobs
44.6
API
Tobs
87.0
degF
APIb
42.1
API
PROVER DATA
BPV
0.476034 Bbls
ID
16.997
inches
WT
0.594
inches
E
28000000 per psi
Type Unidirectional Captive Displacer
Single-Walled
1
Yes=1 and No=2
Internal Detectors
2
Yes=1 and No=2
Serial No.
CD-102
RUN
6
7
8
9
10
REPORT DATA
Previous
Date
Fluid Type
Report No.
Flowrate
Totalizer
API @ 60
Prover Temp
R(%)
Factor (MF)
Factor (CMF)
MF variation

Pressure
Temperature
Equilibrium VP
CPLnormal
40
78.7
0
1.0002
psig
degF
psig
PRESSURE
Pp
(psig)
39
36
38
37
36
Pm
(psig)
43
44
44
42
44
37
43
84.5
0.037
0.9972
0.0074
0.0007
05/20/14
Crude
21
4,000
5,423,873
42.1
78.6
0.042
0.9984
0.9986
0.0012

Average MF Method A

TEMPERATURE
Tp
Td
Tm
(degF)
(degF) (degF)
78.6
90.2
78.8
78.2
90.2
78.5
78.5
90.3
78.6
78.8
90.4
78.9
78.8
90.4
78.9
04/20/14
Crude
20
4,020
4,678,329
41.8
Current
INTERPOLATED
PULSES
Ni
Intermediate
IMF
477.109
477.067
477.222
477.202
477.167
0.99850
0.99863
0.99821
0.99826
0.99832
477.1534
0.998384
78.6
90.3
78.7
CTSp
1.00065
1.00064
1.00065
1.00065
1.00065
x
x
x
x
x
CPSp
1.00004
1.00004
1.00004
1.00004
1.00004
x
x
x
x
x
CTLp
0.99040
0.99061
0.99045
0.99030
0.99030
x
x
x
x
x
CPLp
1.00023
1.00022
1.00023
1.00022
1.00022
=
=
=
=
=
CCFp
0.99131
0.99150
0.99136
0.99120
0.99120
]
]
]
]
]
=
=
=
=
=
GSVp
0.471897
0.471988
0.471921
0.471845
0.471845
Fp
Fp
Fp
Fp
Fp
=
=
=
=
=
0.00000600
0.00000599
0.00000600
0.00000600
0.00000600
=
=
=
=
=
IVm
0.477109
0.477067
0.477222
0.477202
0.477167
]x[
]x[
]x[
]x[
]x[
CTLm
0.99030
0.99045
0.99040
0.99025
0.99025
x
x
x
x
x
CPLm
1.00026
1.00026
1.00026
1.00025
1.00026
=
=
=
=
=
CCFm
0.99056
0.99071
0.99066
0.99050
0.99051
]
]
]
]
]
=
=
=
=
=
ISVm
0.472605
0.472635
0.472765
0.472669
0.472639
Fm
Fm
Fm
Fm
Fm
=
=
=
=
=
0.00000600
0.00000600
0.00000600
0.00000601
0.00000601
Average
Average IMF
(1) Detemination of GSVp
[
[
[
[
[
[
[
[
[
[
BPV
0.476034
0.476034
0.476034
0.476034
0.476034
]
]
]
]
]
x
x
x
x
x
[
[
[
[
[
(2) Determination of ISVm

Run
Pulses/BBL
Pulses
NKF
477.109
/
1,000
477.067
/
1,000
477.222
/
1,000
477.202
/
1,000
477.167
/
1,000
(3) Determinaton of Proving Factors
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
( GSVp )/( ISVm )

1 / MF
( NKF )/( MF )
( KF )/( CPL )
Remarks
=
=
=
=
=
0.9984
0.9986
1.0016
1001.60
1001.40
=
=
=
=
=
MF
CMF
MA
KF
CKF
Signature _____________________________________________ Date ______________ Company _________________________________________

106
A.6 Example 6 Captive Displacer Prover Proving Report Average Meter Factor Method B
Captive Displacer Prover - Proving Report - Average Meter Factor Method B
OPERATOR :
LOCATION :
METER DATA
MF or CMF
MF
(for ticket)
T.Comp. Pulses
No
(CTLm=1 if Yes)
NKF
1,000
Pulses per Barrel
Meter No.
007
Size
6
inches
Model No.
T
FLUID DATA
Fluid Type
Crude
Batch No. Example
APIgobs
44.6
API
Tobs
87.0
degF
APIb
42.14
API
PROVER DATA
BPV
0.476034 Bbls
ID
16.997
inches
WT
0.594
inches
GLp 0.0000096 per degF
GDLp 0.0000096 per degF
E
28000000 per psi
Single-Walled
1
Yes=1 and No=2
Internal Detectors
1
Yes=1 and No=2
Serial No.
CD-102
RUN
3
4
5
6
7
Average
REPORT DATA
Previous
Date
Fluid Type
Report No.
Flowrate
Totalizer
API @ 60
Prover Temp
R(%)
Factor (MF)
Factor (CMF)
MF variation

Pressure
40.00
psig
Temperature
78.74
degF
Equilibrium VP
0.00
psig
CPLnormal 1.000240
04/20/14
Crude
20
4,020
4,678,329
41.83
05/20/14
Crude
21
4,000
5,423,873
42.14
84.52
0.0422
0.997206
0.997422
0.000689
78.58
0.0395
0.998287
0.998527
0.001081

Average MF Method B

PRESSURE
Current
INTERPOLATED
PULSES
Ni
Intermediate
IMF
477.1092
477.3149
477.2222
477.2021
477.1567
0.998513
0.998119
0.998202
0.998261
0.998342
477.2010
0.9982874
TEMPERATURE
Tp
Td
Tm
(degF)
(degF) (degF)
78.62
90.2
78.82
78.18
90.2
78.52
78.50
90.3
78.58
78.78
90.4
78.88
78.82
90.4
78.92
Pp
(psig)
38.88
35.88
38.09
36.97
36.22
Pm
(psig)
42.76
44.12
43.87
42.22
43.98
78.58
90.3
78.74
37.21
43.39
CTSp
1.000648
1.000639
1.000646
1.000653
1.000653
x
x
x
x
x
CPSp
1.000040
1.000037
1.000039
1.000038
1.000037
x
x
x
x
x
CTLp
0.990388
0.990615
0.990450
0.990305
0.990284
x
x
x
x
x
CPLp
1.000233
1.000215
1.000229
1.000222
1.000218
=
=
=
=
=
CCFp
0.991300
0.991498
0.991355
0.991209
0.991183
]
]
]
]
]
=
=
=
=
=
GSVp
0.4718925
0.4719868
0.4719187
0.4718492
0.4718368
Fp
Fp
Fp
Fp
Fp
=
=
=
=
=
0.00000600
0.00000599
0.00000600
0.00000601
0.00000601
=
=
=
=
=
IVm
0.4771092
0.4773149
0.4772222
0.4772021
0.4771567
]x[
]x[
]x[
]x[
]x[
CTLm
0.990284
0.990439
0.990408
0.990253
0.990232
x
x
x
x
x
CPLm
1.000257
1.000265
1.000263
1.000254
1.000264
=
=
=
=
=
CCFm
0.990539
0.990701
0.990668
0.990505
0.990493
]
]
]
]
]
=
=
=
=
=
ISVm
0.4725953
0.4728763
0.4727688
0.4726711
0.4726204
Fm
Fm
Fm
Fm
Fm
=
=
=
=
=
0.00000601
0.00000600
0.00000600
0.00000601
0.00000601
Average IMF
[
[
[
[
[
[
[
[
[
[
BPV
0.476034
0.476034
0.476034
0.476034
0.476034
]
]
]
]
]
x
x
x
x
x
[
[
[
[
[
Run
Pulses/BBL
Pulses
NKF
477.1092
/
1,000
477.3149
/
1,000
477.2222
/
1,000
477.2021
/
1,000
477.1567
/
1,000
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
( GSVp )/( ISVm )

1 / MF
( NKF )/( MF )
( KF )/( CPL )
Remarks
=
=
=
=
=
0.998287
0.998527
1.001716
1001.7159
1001.4755
=
=
=
=
=
MF
CMF
MA
KF
CKF
Signature ______________________________________________ Date ______________ Company __________________________________________________

107
A.7 Example 7 Atmospheric Tank Prover Proving Report Average Meter Factor Method A
Atmospheric Tank Prover - Proving Report - Average Meter Factor Method A
OPERATOR :
LOCATION :
METER DATA
MF or CMF
CMF
(for ticket)
T.Comp. Pulses
Yes
(CTLm=1 if Yes)
NKF
200
Pulses per Gallon
Meter No.
009
Size
4
inches
Model No.
PD
FLUID DATA
Fluid Type Gasoline
Batch No. Example
APIgobs
63.7
API
Tobs
86.0
degF
Liquid Tables 5B & 6B
APIb
60.2
API
PROVER DATA
BPV
1000.00
Gallons
ID
48.000
inches
WT
0.188
inches
E
30000000 per psi
Type Atmospheric Tank Prover
Single-Walled
1
Yes=1 and No=2
Internal Detectors
TANK
Yes=1 and No=2
Serial No.
TP- 103
RUN
BEFORE
CALIBRATION
for Comp BCF
1
2
AFTER
CALIBRATION
for Comp ACF
3
4
Date
Fluid Type
Report No.
GPM
Totalizer
API @ 60
Prover Temp
R(%)
Composite BCF
Composite ACF
MF variation

Pressure
Temperature
Equilibrium VP
CPLnormal
40
#REF!
0
1.0003
psig
degF
psig
PRESSURE
Pp
(psig)
0
0
78.9
78.9
PULSES
N
Pm
(psig)
43
44
0
0
42
44
04/20/14
Crude
20
400
4,678,329
60.0
84.5
0.019
1.0008
0.9999
0.0007
Current
05/20/14
Crude
21
400
5,423,873
60.2
78.8
0.020
1.0014
1.0000
0.0015
Run Criteria:
BCF: At least two consecutive runs within allowance %
ACF: If no scale adjustment make a third run within
allowance. If scale adjusted, make one or two runs
to demonstrate that the adjustment was correct.
AVERAGE METER FACTOR METHOD A
API 5B/6B - Generalized Products

TEMPERATURE
Tp
Tm
(degF)
(degF)
78.6
78.8
78.2
78.5
78.8
78.8
REPORT DATA
Previous
Intermediate
IMF
R%
197,222
197,310
Average IMF
1.00122
1.00106
1.00114
197,611
197,548
Average IMF
0.99958
0.99978
0.99968
Upper
Scale
Lower
Scale
1000.10
1000.34
0.00
0.22
1000.39
1000.04
-0.17
-0.42
0.016
0.020
[
[
BPVa
1000.10
1000.12
] x [
] x [
CTSp
1.00035
1.00034
x
x
CPSp
1.00000
1.00000
x
x
CTLp
0.98722
0.98749
x
x
CPLp
1.00000
1.00000
=
=
CCFp
0.98757 ]
0.98783 ]
=
=
GSVp
987.669
987.949
Fp
Fp
=
=
0.00000829
0.00000827
[
[
1000.56
1000.46
] x [
] x [
1.00035
1.00035
x
x
1.00000
1.00000
x
x
0.98708
0.98708
x
x
1.00000
1.00000
=
=
0.98743 ]
0.98743 ]
=
=
987.983
987.884
Fp
Fp
=
=
0.00000829
0.00000829
Run
Pulses/BBL
Pulses
NKF
[
197,222
/
200
[
197,310
/
200
=
=
IVm
986.110 ] x [
986.550 ] x [
CTLm
1.00000
1.00000
x
x
CPLm
1.00036
1.00036
=
=
CCFm
1.00036 ]
1.00036 ]
=
=
ISVm
986.4650
986.9052
Fm
Fm
=
=
0.00000829
0.00000828
[
[
=
=
988.056 ] x [
987.738 ] x [
1.00000
1.00000
x
x
1.00035
1.00037
=
=
1.00035 ]
1.00037 ]
=
=
988.4016
988.1039
Fm
Fm
=
=
0.00000830
0.00000830
197,611
197,548
/
/
200
200

(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
( GSVp )/( ISVm )

1 / MF
( NKF )/( MF )
( KF )/( CPL )
=
=
=
=
=
MF
CMF
MA
KF
CKF
=
=
=
=
=
BCF
1.0011
1.0014
0.9989
199.780
199.720
ACF
0.9997
1.0000
1.0003
200.060
200.000
Remarks
As Found:
* Averaged Runs 1 and 2 for BCF
As Left:
* Meter re-calibrated after Run Number 2
* Averaged Runs 3 and 4 for ACF
Signature _____________________________________________ Date _______________Company ________________________________________

108
A.8 Example 8 Master Meter Prover Proving Report Average Meter Factor Method A
Master Meter Prover - Proving Report - Average Meter Factor Method A
OPERATOR :
LOCATION :
LINE METER DATA

MF or CMF
CMF
(for ticket)
T.Comp. Pulses
No
(CTLm=1 if Yes)
NKF
4,200
Pulses per Barrel
Meter No.
324
Size
4
inches
Model No.
PD
FLUID DATA
Fluid Type
Crude
Batch No. Example
APIgobs
44.6
API
Tobs
87.0
degF
APIb
42.1
API
MASTER METER PROVER DATA

MMF
1.0002
Bbls
NKF
8,400
Pulses per Barrel
Master Meter No.
MM-010
inches
Serial No.
734563
per psi
Type PD Master MetFree Displacer
Size
4
inches
REPORT DATA
Previous
Date
Fluid Type
Report No.
Flowrate
Totalizer
API @ 60
Prover Temp
R(%)
Factor (MF)
Factor (CMF)
MF variation

Pressure
Temperature
Equilibrium VP
CPLnormal
40
78.7
0
1.0002
psig
degF
psig
1
2
3
4
5
Average
TEMPERATURE
TmmAVG
TmAVG
(degF)
(degF)
78.6
78.8
78.2
78.5
78.5
78.6
78.8
78.9
78.8
78.9
78.6
PRESSURE
PmmAVG
PmAVG
(psig)
(psig)
39
43
36
44
38
44
37
42
36
44
78.7
37
[
[
[
[
[
Determination of GSVmm
Run Pulses
Pulses/BBL
Nmm
NKFmm
294,011
/
8,400
336,113
/
8,400
294,222
/
8,400
336,094
/
8,400
294,108
/
8,400
=
=
=
=
=
Ivmm
35.0013
40.0135
35.0264
40.0112
35.0129
]x[
]x[
]x[
]x[
]x[
[
[
[
[
[
Run Pulses
Pulses/BBL
Nm
NKFm
146,820
/
4,200
167,791
/
4,200
146,902
/
4,200
167,831
/
4,200
146,810
/
4,200
=
=
=
=
=
IVm
34.9571
39.9502
34.9767
39.9598
34.9548
]x[
]x[
]x[
]x[
]x[
MMF
1.0002
1.0002
1.0002
1.0002
1.0002
( GSVmm )/( ISVm )

1 / MF
( NKF )/( MF )
( KF )/( CPL )
78.6
0.040
1.0017
1.0019
0.0007
PULSES
Nm
Intermediate
IMF
294,011
336,113
294,222
336,094
294,108
146,820
167,791
146,902
167,831
146,810
1.00154
1.00191
1.00165
1.00151
1.00187
1.001696
Average IMF
CTLmm
0.99040
0.99061
0.99045
0.99030
0.99030
x
x
x
x
x
CPLmm
1.00023
1.00022
1.00023
1.00022
1.00022
=
=
=
=
=
CCFmm
0.99083
0.99103
0.99088
0.99072
0.99072
]
]
]
]
]
=
=
=
=
=
GSVmm
34.6803
39.6546
34.7070
39.6399
34.6880
Fmm
0.00000600
0.00000599
0.00000600
0.00000600
0.00000600
CTLm
0.99030
0.99045
0.99040
0.99025
0.99025
x
x
x
x
x
CPLm
1.00026
1.00026
1.00026
1.00025
1.00026
=
=
=
=
=
CCFm
0.99056
0.99071
0.99066
0.99050
0.99051
]
]
]
]
]
=
=
=
=
=
ISVm
34.6271
39.5791
34.6500
39.5802
34.6231
Fm
0.00000600
0.00000600
0.00000600
0.00000601
0.00000601

(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
PULSES
Nmm
43
x
x
x
x
x
84.5
0.042
1.0010
1.0012
0.0012
05/20/14
Crude
21
500
5,423,873
42.1

Five (5) consecutive runs within a
range of 0.050 %; or, three (3)
consecutive runs within a range of 0.02%
Average MF Method A

RUN
04/20/14
Crude
20
505
4,678,329
41.8
Current
Remarks
=
=
=
=
=
1.0017
1.0019
0.9983
4192.87
4192.03
=
=
=
=
=
MF
CMF
MA
KF
CKF
Signature _____________________________________________ Date ______________ Company _______________________________________

109
A.9 Example 9 Multiple Runs (Average Data) and Multiple Sets (Average Meter Factor) Method A
Multiple Runs (Average Data) - Multiple Sets (Average Meter Factor) - Method A
METER DATA
MF or CMF
MF
(for ticket)
T.Comp. Pulses
No
(CTLm=1 if Yes)
NKF
1,000
Pulses per Barrel
Meter No.
007
Size
6
inches
Model No.
T
FLUID DATA
Fluid Type
Crude
Batch No. Example
APIgobs
44.6
API
Tobs
87.0
degF
APIb
42.1
API
PROVER DATA
BPV 0.476034 Bbls
ID
16.997
inches
WT
0.594
inches
E 28000000 per psi
Type UnidirectionaCaptive Displacer
Single-Walled
1
Yes=1 and No=2
Internal Detectors
2
Yes=1 and No=2
Serial No.
CD-102
RUN
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
TEMPERATURE
Tp
Td
Tm
(degF)
(degF)
(degF)
78.7
90.2
78.9
78.6
90.2
78.8
78.5
90.2
78.7
78.3
90.2
78.6
78.2
90.2
78.5
78.1
90.2
78.4
78.4
90.2
78.5
78.5
90.3
78.6
78.6
90.4
78.7
78.8
90.4
78.9
78.8
90.4
78.9
78.8
90.4
78.9
78.8
90.4
78.9
78.8
90.4
78.9
78.8
90.4
78.9
Average 78.5
90.3
78.7
Date
Fluid Type
Report No.
Flowrate
Totalizer
API @ 60
Pressure
Temperature
Equilibrium VP
CPLnormal
40
78.7
0
1.0002
04/20/14
Crude
20
4,020
4,678,329
41.8
84.5
0.037
0.9972
0.0074
0.0007
Prover Temp
Set IMF R(%)
Factor (MF)
Factor (CMF)
MF variation

psig
degF
psig
Current
05/20/14
Crude
21
4,000
5,423,873
42.1
78.5
0.042
0.9984
0.9986
0.0012
Run Criteria: Three (3) consecutive runs per set.

Five (5) consecutive sets per proving.
Each IMF calculated by the Average
Date Method A. Final MF calculated
by Average MF Method A of the sets.

PRESSURE PULSES Range

Pp
Pm
Ni
%
(psig) (psig)
40
42 477.389
39
43 477.111
38
44 476.827
0.118
37
44 477.287
36
44 476.890
35
44 477.023
0.083
37
44 477.022
38
44 477.322
39
44 477.321
0.063
38
43 477.350
37
42 477.002
36
41 477.253
0.073
37
43 477.377
36
44 477.207
35
45 476.918
0.096
37
REPORT DATA
Previous
TpAVG TdAVG TmAVG PpAVG PmAVG

(degF) (degF) (degF)
(psig)
(psig)
INTERPOLATED
PULSES
Intermediate
NiAVG
Meter Factor
78.6
90.2
78.8
39
43
Set I
477.109
0.99850
78.2
90.2
78.5
36
44
Set II
477.067
0.99863
78.5
90.3
78.6
38
44
Set III
477.222
0.99821
78.8
90.4
78.9
37
42
Set IV
477.202
0.99826
78.8
90.4
78.9
36
44
Set V
477.167
0.99832
43 477.1672
Overall range % of the pulses on the 15 runs:
0.118 %
[
[
[
[
[
(1) Detemination of GSVp

BPV
CTSp
0.476034 ] x [ 1.00065
0.476034 ] x [ 1.00064
0.476034 ] x [ 1.00065
0.476034 ] x [ 1.00065
0.476034 ] x [ 1.00065
x
x
x
x
x
CPSp
1.00004
1.00004
1.00004
1.00004
1.00004
x
x
x
x
x
CTLp
0.99040
0.99061
0.99045
0.99030
0.99030
x
x
x
x
x
CPLp
1.00023
1.00022
1.00023
1.00022
1.00022
=
=
=
=
=
CCFp
0.99131
0.99150
0.99136
0.99120
0.99120
]
]
]
]
]
=
=
=
=
=
GSVp
0.471897
0.471988
0.471921
0.471845
0.471845
Fp
Fp
Fp
Fp
Fp
=
=
=
=
=
0.00000600
0.00000599
0.00000600
0.00000600
0.00000600
[
[
[
[
[
(2) Determination of ISVm

Run
Pulses/BBL
Pulses
NKF
477.109
/
1,000
477.067
/
1,000
477.222
/
1,000
477.202
/
1,000
477.167
/
1,000
=
=
=
=
=
IVm
0.477109
0.477067
0.477222
0.477202
0.477167
]x[
]x[
]x[
]x[
]x[
CTLm
0.99030
0.99045
0.99040
0.99025
0.99025
x
x
x
x
x
CPLm
1.00026
1.00026
1.00026
1.00025
1.00026
=
=
=
=
=
CCFm
0.99056
0.99071
0.99066
0.99050
0.99051
]
]
]
]
]
=
=
=
=
=
ISVm
0.472605
0.472635
0.472765
0.472669
0.472639
Fm
Fm
Fm
Fm
Fm
=
=
=
=
=
0.00000600
0.00000600
0.00000600
0.00000601
0.00000601
0.9984
0.9986
1.0016
1001.60
1001.40
=
=
=
=
=
Set I
Set II
Set III
Set IV
Set V
=
=
=
=
=
0.99850
0.99863
0.99821
0.99826
0.99832
(3) Determination of Proving Factors

(1)
( GSVp )/( ISVm )
=
MF )*( CPLnormal )
=
(2)
(3)
1 / MF
=
(4)
( NKF )/( MF )
=
(5)
( KF )/( CPL )
=
Remarks
MF
CMF
MA
KF
CKF
110
A.10 Example 10 High Vapor Pressure Liquid (Propane) Proving Report Method A
High Vapor Pressure Liquid (Propane) - Proving Report - Average Data Method A
OPERATOR :
LOCATION :
METER DATA
MF or CMF
MF
(for ticket)
T.Comp. Pulses
No
(CTLm=1 if Yes)
NKF
1,000
Pulses per Barrel
Meter No.
006
Size
10
inches
Model No.
PD
FLUID DATA
Fluid Type Propane
Batch No. Example
RDgobs
0.472
RD
Tobs
100.0
degF
Liquid Tables 23E and 24E
RDb
0.507
RD
3
4
5
6
7
Average
Temperature
Pressure
Equilibrium VP
Delta Pressure
CPLnormal
BPV
11.9048
] x [
CTSp
1.00074
Average
Pulses/BBL
Pulses
NKF
[ 11,850.8
/
1,000
100.0
300
200
100
1.0060
PRESSURE
Pp
(psig)
290
290
290
290
290
100.0
290
-200
90
Peg
DP
300
-200
100
( GSVp )/( ISVm )

1 / MF
( NKF )/( MF )
( KF )/( CPL )
04/20/14
Propane
20
4,020
4,678,329
0.505
84.5
0.042
1.0042
1.0044
0.0007
Current
05/20/14
Propane
21
4,000
5,423,873
0.507
100.0
0.025
1.0051
1.0111
0.0009

PULSES
N
Pm
(psig)
300
300
300
300
300
11,852
11,851
11,850
11,852
11,849
Look up A and B factors in 11.2.2.

Calculate F factors for prover and meter.
Use F factors and DP pressures to calculate CPLs.
11850.8
Peg
DP
CPSp
1.00037
CTLp
0.93000
CPLp
1.00537
CCFp
0.93603 ] =
GSVp
11.1432
Fp
0.00005934
IVm
11.8508
]x[
CTLm
0.93000
CPLm
1.00595
CCFm
0.93553 ] =
ISVm
11.0868
Fm
0.00005916

(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
deg F
psig
psig
psig
API 23E/24E - Light Hydrocarbons

Prover Temp
R(%)
Factor (MF)
Factor (CMF)
MF variation

TEMPERATURE
Tp
Tm
(degF)
(degF)
100.0
100.0
100.2
100.0
100.2
99.8
99.8
100.2
99.8
100.0
100.0
Date
Fluid Type
Report No.
Flowrate
Totalizer
RDb
HIGH VAPOR PRESSURE LIQUID
PROVER DATA
BPV
11.9048
Bbls
ID
19.000
inches
WT
0.500
inches
E
30000000 per psi
Single-Walled
1
Yes=1 and No=2
Internal Detectors
1
Yes=1 and No=2
Serial No.
U-101
RUN
No.
REPORT DATA
Previous
Remarks
=
=
=
=
=
1.0051
1.0111
0.9949
994.926
988.992
=
=
=
=
=
MF
CMF
MA
KF
CKF
Signature ______________________________________________ Date ______________ Company ________________________________________

111
Annex B
Informative
Meter Proving Flow Charts
B.1
Flow Chart Displacement Prover Average Data Methods A and B
B.2
Flow Chart Displacement Prover Average Meter Factor Methods A and B
B.3
Flow Chart Atmospheric Tank Prover Average Meter Factor Method A
B.4
Flow Chart Master Meter Prover Average Meter Factor Method A
The flow charts make the following assumptions.

-
The equations are identified by number in the calculation steps outlined in section 13.6 for displacement
provers, section 13.7 for atmospheric provers, and in 13.8 for master meter provers.
The tables of discrimination levels are identified by number in the calculation steps outlined in section 13.6
for displacement provers, section 13.7 for atmospheric provers, and in 13.8 for master meter provers.
Captive displacer provers require an additional temperature measurement (Td) for the rod to make the
combined correction for temperature on the steel. Therefore whenever a Tp or a TpAVG is used, so would a
Td or TdAVG. On the other hand, free displacement provers would not require this data.
MF, CMF, KF and CKF and CMF will be calculated, but operations to decide how that information is to be
used.
NKF to remain constant if changes in meter factors are used to calculate tickets.
MF to remain constant if KF changes in proving are updated in the flow computer as new NKFs.
Normal operating pressure will be entered as zero if CMF not to be used on ticket
CPLnormal to be set at 1.0000 if CMF not to be used on ticket.
CTLm will be set to 1.0000 if the meter pulses while proving are temperature compensated.
CPLm will be set to 1.0000 if the meter pulses while proving are pressure compensated.
CCFp and CCFm will always be calculated for reporting purposes, but:
o
Method A will use discrimination levels in tables in section 8 for both reporting and calculating.
Method B will use discrimination levels in section 8 for reporting but decimals will float in calculations.
Method B may or may not use CCFp and CCFm by the way the algorithms are constructed, but
either way the result in Method B proving is the same because the decimals in calculations are
floating.
The corrections for hydrometer (HYC) and density meter (DCMF) are not part of the scope of this document
so observed densities will always be entered in the gross observed density form (RHOgobs) as derived in
one of several ways:
o
RHOgobs at Tobs and Pobs using a hydrometer with a composite sample; or,
RHOgobs at Tdm and Pdm using a densitometer in the lab with a composite sample; or,
RHOgobs at Tdm and Pdm for batch segments with online density measurement; or,
RHOwa (weighted average RHOgobs) at TWAdm and PWAdm for entire batches either for Method A
or for comparing a Method B measurement ticket or meter proving.
112
Follow Steps 1-5 and

6A in Section 13.6 and
make proving runs
until run criteria has
been met.
Start
Obtain prover data: SN,

ID WT, type steel, type
prover coefficients, and
Base Prover Volume.
For each run obtain Td, Tp,

Tm, Pp, Pm, N or NI, and for
online density RHOgobs, Tdm
and Pdm.
Obtain meter data

including SN, NKF and
whether temperature or
pressure compensated.
YES
Has the
Repeatability of N
or Ni been met?
NO
Obtain fluid type and

vapor pressure at
operating temperature.
YES
Has the number of

runs
been met?
NO
Determine the gross

observed density
(RHOobs) on a fixed
density basis at Tobs and
Pobs or on an online
density measurement
basis at Tdm and Pdm
during the proving runs.
Determine the base

density (RHOb)
anytime RHOgobs
has been determined.
Calculate TdAVG, TpAVG,

TmAVG, PpAVG, PmAVG,
N(avg) or Ni(avg), and for
online density RHOwa,
TdmAVG and pdm AVG.
Calculate MF, CMF, MA,

KF and CKF using
equations in Step 6A in
section 13.6.
Determine CTSp, CPSp,

CTLp, CPLp, CCFp, and
using BPV calculate GSVp
using equations in step 6A in
section 13.6.
Determine IVm, CTLm, CPLm,

CCFm and ISVm using
equations in Step 6A in section
13.6.
End
B.1 Flow Chart Displacement Prover Report Average Data Methods A and B
113
Follow Steps 1-5 and 6B in

Section 13.6 and make
Makeruns
Proving
proving
until run criteria
has been met based upon
range of IMFs.
Start
Start
Obtain prover data: SN, ID

WT,
typeand
steel,
type prover
Obtain
Record
coefficients,
Proverand Base
Prover Volume (BPV).
For each run obtain Td, Tp,

Tm, Record
Pp, Pm, N
or NI, and for
Tp,
online density RHOgobs,
Tm,Pm,&
Tdm and Pdm.
Obtain meter data including

SN,
NKF and
and whether
Obtain
Record
temperature or pressure
Meter Data
compensated.
Determine CTSp, CPSp,

Determine
CTLp,
CPLp, CCFp, and
CTLp,
using BPV calculate GSVp
CCFp,& Calculate
using equations in step 6B in
GSV
section 13.6.
Obtain fluid type and vapor

pressure.

Determine
CCFm
and ISVm using
CPLm,
equations
in Step 6B in section
& Calculate ISVm
13.6.
Determine the gross observed

density (RHOobs) on a fixed
Pobs or on an online density
measurement basis at Tdm
and Pdm during the proving
runs.
Calculate
IMF using
Calculate
equations
in Step 6B in
(GSVp/ISVm)
section 13.6.
Intermediate Meter
Facto
Yes
Determine the base density

(RHOb) anytime RHOgobs
Average the qualifying IMFs

and
calculate
MF, CMF, MA,
Calculate
Average
KF and
CKF
using
equations in
Meter
Step 6B in section 13.6.
Has the repeatability

of N or Ni been met?
Yes
Has the number of runs
been met?
End
B.2 Flow Chart Displacement Prover Report Average Meter Factor Methods A and B
114
Follow Steps 1-5 and 6 in

Makeruns
Proving
proving
until run criteria
range of IMFs.
Start
Start
For each run obtain SRL and

SRU,Record
Tp, Tm, Pm, N or MRo
and MRc, and for online
Tm,Pm,&
density RHOgobs, Tdm and
Pdm.
Obtain prover data: SN, ID

WT,
typeand
steel,
type prover
Obtain
Record
coefficients,
Proverand Base
Prover Volume (BPV).
Obtain meter data including

the
NKF and
Obtain
andwhether
Record
temperature or pressure
Meter Data
compensated.
Determine CTSp, CPSp=1,

Determine
CTLp,
CPLp=1, CCFp, and
CTLp,
using BPVa calculate GSVp
CCFp,& Calculate
using equations in step 6 in
GSV
section 13.7.
Obtain fluid type and assume

atmospheric vapor pressure.

Determine
CCFm
and ISVm using
CPLm,
equations
in Step 6 in section
& Calculate ISVm
13.7.

runs.
Calculate
IMF using
Calculate
equations
in Step 6 in
(GSVp/ISVm)
section 13.7.
Intermediate Meter
Facto
Yes


and
calculate
MF, CMF, MA,
Calculate
Average
KF and
CKF
using
equations in
Meter
Step 6 in section 13.7.

Yes
been met?
End
B.3 Flow Chart Atmospheric Tank Prover Report Average Meter Factor Method A
115
Follow Steps 1-5 and 6 in

Makeruns
Proving
proving
until run criteria
range of IMFs.
Start
Start
For each run obtain SRL and

SRU,Record
Tp, Tm, Pm, N or MRo
and MRc, and for online
Tm,Pm,&
density RHOgobs, Tdm and
Pdm.
Obtain master meter data:

SN,
model,
type,
Obtain
andsize,
Record
nominal
K factor (NKF) and
Prover
master meter factor (MMF).
Obtain field meter data

including
the NKF
and
Obtain and
Record
whether temperature or
Meter Data
pressure compensated.
Determine CTSp, CPSp=1,

Determine
CTLp,
CPLp=1, CCFp, and
CTLp,
using BPVa calculate GSVp
CCFp,& Calculate
using equations in step 6 in
GSV
section 13.8.
Obtain fluid type and assume

atmospheric vapor pressure.

Determine
CCFm
and ISVm using
CPLm,
equations
in Step 6 in section
& Calculate ISVm
13.8.

runs.
Calculate
IMF using
Calculate
equations
in Step 6 in
(GSVp/ISVm)
section 13.8.
Intermediate Meter
Facto
Yes


and
calculate
MF, CMF, MA,
Calculate
Average
KF and
CKF
using
equations in
Meter
Step 6 in section 13.8.

Yes
been met?
End
B.4 Flow Chart Master Meter Prover Report Average Meter Factor Method A
116
Annex C
Informative
Bibliography
The following reference documents are informative in the application of this document. It is recommended to use the
latest editions of these documents for this purpose. API MPMS Chapters are sometimes organized into sections and
parts.
API Manual of Petroleum Measurement Standards (MPMS), Chapter 1, Terms & Definitions Database
API MPMS Chapter 4, Proving Systems
API MPMS Chapter 4.2, Displacement Provers
API MPMS Chapter 4.4, Tank Provers
API MPMS Chapter 4.5, Master Meter Provers
API MPMS Chapter 5, Metering
API MPMS Chapter 6, (all sections and parts) Metering Assemblies
API MPMS Chapter 7, (all sections and parts) Temperature Determination
API MPMS Chapter 9.1, Standard Test Method for Density, Relative Density (Specific Gravity), or API Gravity of
Crude Petroleum and Liquid Petroleum Products by Hydrometer Method (ASTM D1298)
API MPMS Chapter 9.2, Standard Test Method for Density or Relative Density of Light Hydrocarbons by Pressure
Hydrometer (ASTM D1657)
API MPMS Chapter 9.3, Standard Test Method for Density Relative Density, and API Gravity of Crude Petroleum and
Liquid Petroleum Products by Thermohydrometer Method (ASTM D6822)
API MPMS Chapter 10 (all sections), Sediment and Water
API MPMS Chapter 11.2.1, Compressibility Factors for Hydrocarbons
API MPMS Chapter 11.4.1, Density of Water and Water Volume Correction Factors for Calibration of Volumetric
Provers
API MPMS Chapter 11.5, Density/Weight/Volume Intraconversions
API MPMS Chapter 11.5 Part 1, Conversions of API Gravity at 60 F
API MPMS Chapter 11.5 Part 2, Conversions for Relative Density (60/60 F)
API MPMS Chapter 11.5 Part 3, Conversions for Absolute Density at 15 C
API MPMS Chapter 13, (all sections and parts) Statistical Aspects of Measuring and Sampling
API MPMS Chapter 15, Guidelines for Use of the International System of Units (SI) in the Petroleum and Allied
Industries
ASTM D1250 1, Standard Guide for Use of the Petroleum Measurement Tables
ASTM D1550 1, Standard ASTM Butadiene Measurement Tables
117
ASTM D1555 1, Standard Test Method for Calculation of Volume and Weight of Industrial Aromatic Hydrocarbons
and Cyclohexane
NIST 2 Handbook 105-3, Specifications and Tolerances for Reference Standards and Field Standards
NIST 2 Monograph 62, Testing of Metal Volumetric Standards
NIST 2 Handbook 105-7, Small Volume Provers
NOTE The conversion factors in Chapter 11 take precedence over Chapter 15 when stated in both standards.
-------------------------1
2
ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, Pennsylvania 19428, www.astm.org
National Institute of Standards and Technology, U.S. Department of Commerce, 100 Bureau Drive, Stop 1070, Gaithersburg,
Maryland 20899-1070 (formerly National Bureau of Standards)
118
Annex D
Normative
Estimated Random Uncertainty of Meter Factors
API MPMS Chapter 13 gives guidance for acceptance criteria based upon a 95% confidence level. The acceptable
criteria for custody transfer purposes requires having a 95% confidence level that the meter factor determined from the
proving runs lies within a range of 0.027% of its true value. The repeatability ranges may vary with the number of
consecutive runs to be used, but in any case the 95% confidence level within a range of 0.027% shall be required for
custody transfer purposes absent any highly unusual arrangements agreed to among the parties. For further
information on this subject, see API MPMS Chapter 13.2.
Primary Method:
The primary method for evaluating meter proving data is the rigorous statistical standard deviation method. The
concept of using the rigorous statistical standard deviation method, in which the standard deviation is formally
calculated as described in API MPMS Chapter 13.2, is recommended as the primary method. While statistically
more data reduces uncertainty, as a practical matter experience shows that proving runs that have a random
uncertainty level that is no greater than 0.027% at a confidence level of 95% are normally accomplished with less
than twenty-five and often with as few as three to five runs.
Table D-1 depicts a hypothetical set of twenty-five runs in which the 0.027% (see (MF), was not achieved until the
25th run, but that would not normally be the case.
Secondary Method:
The secondary method for evaluating meter proving data is the moving range approximation method. The concept of
using the moving range approximation method, in which the standard deviation is estimated as described in API
MPMS Chapter 13.2, is recommended as a secondary method. Because this is a less robust method than the
rigorous standard deviation method it should be limited to no more than twelve runs.
The calculation method below represents the moving range approximation method. See Chapter 13.2 for the more
rigorous statistical standard deviation method.
a(MF )
w(MF )
w(MF ) x t(%,n-1)
(169)
D(n) x n
HighMF LowMF
x 100
AverageMF
(170)
Where:
a( MF )
= estimated uncertainty of the average in the meter proving set,
w (MF )
= normalized high value normalized low value, of n runs in the meter

proving set of high and low runs, divided by the average of the data set,
t(%,n-1)
= student t factor for converting standard deviation to uncertainty at the

prescribed confidence level,
n1
= degrees of freedom
D(n)
= range to standard deviation conversion factor,
= number of runs in the data set

119
Table D-1Rigorous Statistical Standard Deviation Method for 0.00027 Random Uncertainty in Average Meter Factor
Number
of Runs
1
Degrees
Freedom
0
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
Test Data
Moving
Avg MF
Moving
Range
t(%, n-1)
U=(MF) Determined
Standard Deviation
1.00173
1.00175
1.00157
1.00146
1.00158
1.00135
1.00141
1.00141
1.00146
1.00148
1.00152
1.00156
1.00146
1.00137
1.00143
1.00147
1.00146
1.00146
1.00146
1.00148
1.00146
1.00148
1.00151
1.00148
0.00023
0.00023
0.00081
0.00082
0.00114
0.00214
0.00214
0.00214
0.00214
0.00214
0.00214
0.00214
0.00214
0.00214
0.00222
0.00222
0.00222
0.00222
0.00222
0.00222
0.00222
0.00222
0.00222
0.00222
12.706
4.303
3.182
2.770
2.571
2.447
2.365
2.306
2.262
2.228
2.201
2.179
2.160
2.145
2.131
2.120
2.110
2.101
2.093
2.086
2.080
2.074
2.069
2.064
0.00146
0.00030
0.00059
0.00050
0.00048
0.00067
0.00057
0.00049
0.00045
0.00040
0.00038
0.00035
0.00039
0.00040
0.00039
0.00038
0.00036
0.00034
0.00032
0.00031
0.00029
0.00028
0.00028
0.00027
1.00161
1.00184
1.00179
1.00103
1.00102
1.00216
1.00002
1.00179
1.00139
1.00195
1.00164
1.00201
1.00199
1.00014
1.00018
1.00224
1.00218
1.00128
1.00149
1.00135
1.00202
1.00105
1.00198
1.00217
1.00065
Table D-2Variable Range Criteria for 0.00027 Random Uncertainty in Average Meter Factor (minimum three runs)
Number of Runs
Moving (Variable) Repeatability Limit
Estimated Uncertainty
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
0.00018
0.00035
0.00050
0.00065
0.00080
0.00093
0.00105
0.00117
0.00128
0.00139
0.00027
0.00027
0.00027
0.00027
0.00027
0.00027
0.00027
0.00027
0.00027
0.00027
120
Alternate Method:
The fixed range method is really a sub-set of the moving range approximation method. Common practice has been
to achieve five consecutive proving runs that agree within a range of 0.05%. However, it should not be the first
choice of methodology whenever computers are used to calculate meter factors. It might not even be possible in
some cases. Meters using manufactured pulses, such as Coriolis and ultrasonic, can in some cases have difficulty
with short term repeatability. Another example would be a small volume prover where the proving run sample size is
too small to establish normal repeatability (e.g., five runs within 0.05%). An additional example would be a case in
which a displacement or turbine meter is normally proved using five runs within a range of 0.05% but the condition of
the meter at a given time requires more runs so that a suitable adjustment among the parties can be made before
repairing the meter.
If a meter normally proves using only five consecutive runs within 0.05%, the need to make more runs at a given time
might be an indication of problems with the meter, prover or flowing regime which should be investigated. Even so,
using either the rigorous statistical standard deviation method or the moving range approximation method, a meter
factor shall be calculated for purposes of the adjustment before the meter repair with a random uncertainty of
0.027% by making more proving runs. The issue is that while the additional runs provide a meter factor with the
same level of confidence (95%) in being within 0.027% of the true value, a new need to make the extra runs can put
the stability of the meter factor in doubt. This might be the case with a turbine or displacement meter in which the
provings are routinely performed using five consecutive proving runs. On the other hand, it may be determined at the
commissioning of a Coriolis or ultrasonic meter that more runs are required and in that case, for that location, it would
be appropriate to evaluate meter factor data by calculating standard deviations and uncertainties as described in
Chapter 13.2.
As an alternative to evaluating provings based upon random uncertainty, a variable repeatability criterion may be
used. Proving runs of three to twelve may be used to achieve the equivalent uncertainty (0.027%) by varying the
repeatability requirement for the total number of runs. This alternate method, being a subset of the moving range
approximation method, which is a less robust method than the rigorous statistical standard deviation method, should
be limited to twelve runs. The repeatability limits listed in Table D-2 maintain the same random uncertainty as five
runs within a range of 0.05% using the moving range approximation method to determine those limits.
121
Annex E
Informative
Approximate Density Shifts with Water in Oil
While sediment and water are usually in relatively small amounts and thus do not impact the calculation of GSV and
NSV, it should be recognized that large amounts of water cause a significant shift in density from the oil water
mixture to the water free oil. Produced water often has more effect than would distilled water. The following will
illustrate.
Centrifuge Tubes
Sample mixture 100 mL
Water %
10 % (production water more dense than distilled water)
Water Vol
10 mL
Mixture
mL
100
Mixture
APIb
44.00
Mixture
RDb
0.806268
Mixture
gm/cc
0.805475
Mixture
grams
80.5475
Water
mL
10
Water
APIb
9.00
Water
RDb
1.007117
Water
gm/cc
1.006126
Water
grams
10.0613
Oil
mL
90
Oil
APIb
49.00
Oil
RDb
0.783951
Oil
gm/cc
0.783180
Oil
grams
70.4862
141.5
RD
131.5 AP I
(171)
RD 0.999016 grams / cc
(172)
DENSITY VOLUME MASS
(173)
MASSmixture MASSwater
DENSITYoil
VOLUMEoil
(174)
DENSITYoil
RDoil
0.999016
(175)
141.5
131.5 APIoil
RD
(176)
122

CH 12 2 COLM Ballot 05 2015

Загружено:

Сведения о документе

Оригинальное название

Авторское право

Доступные форматы

Поделиться этим документом

Поделиться или встроить документ

Параметры публикации

Этот документ был вам полезен?

Это неприемлемый материал?

Авторское право:

Доступные форматы

CH 12 2 COLM Ballot 05 2015

Загружено:

Авторское право:

Доступные форматы

This document is not an API Standard; it is under consideration within an API technical committee but has not received

all approvals required to

Manual of Petroleum Measurement Standards

Calculation of Petroleum Quantities Using Dynamic Measurement

DRAFT, MARCH 2015

Method A - Discrete Data Method (Traditional Method)

Method B - Continuous Data Method (Dynamic Method)

GSV A IV A MF CTPL (Tavg , Pavg ,RHO avg )

GSVB IVi MF CTPLi (Ti,Pi,RHO i )

CTPLi (Ti, Pi , RHOi )

CTPL(Tavg, Pavg, RHO avg) i 1

Chapter 12 Calculation of Petroleum Quantities

3 Terms and Definitions

4 Symbols and Abbreviations

International System of Units (e.g., bars, kPa, cubic meters, kilograms, C)

Inside diameter of prover pipe

Outside diameter of prover pipe

Wall thickness of prover pipe

API Gravity Base, at base temperature (Tb) and pressure (Pb)

Density in kilograms of mass per cubic meter (kg/m3) units

DEN Base, at base temperature (Tb) and pressure (Pb)

RD Base, at base temperature (Tb) and pressure (Pb)

Generic expression for density, relative density and API Gravity

RHO Base, at base temperature (Tb) and pressure (Pb)

Density of the water in the prover during a waterdraw calibration

Celsius temperature scale

Fahrenheit temperature scale

Temperature at base conditions

Temperature at the detector mounting shaft on a prover with external detectors

Average Td during proving or calibration

Temperature at the density meter

Average Tdm during proving or calibration

Temperature at the flow meter

Average Tm during proving or calibration

Temperature at the master meter

Average Tmm during proving or calibration

Temperature at the master prover

Average Tmp during proving or calibration

Temperature of the fluid observed at the hydrometer or densitometer

Temperature at the field prover

Average Tp during proving or calibration

Temperature at the field standard test measure

TWA for the online density meter

TWA for the flow meter

Unit of pressure in bars

Bars in absolute pressure units

Bars in gauge pressure units

Unit of pressure in Kilopascals

Kilopascals in absolute pressure units

Kilopascals in gauge pressure units

Pressure in absolute pressure units

Pressure in gauge pressure units

Pressure at base conditions

Pb in absolute pressure units

Pb in gauge pressure units

Equilibrium vapor pressure in absolute pressure units

Equilibrium vapor pressure at base temperature in absolute pressure units

Equilibrium vapor pressure at the density meter in absolute pressure units

Equilibrium vapor pressure at the meter in absolute pressure units

Equilibrium vapor pressure at the master meter in absolute pressure units

Equilibrium vapor pressure at the master prover in absolute pressure units

Equilibrium vapor pressure at the field prover in absolute pressure units

Equilibrium vapor pressure in gauge pressure units