ISC2015 Abstractbook

The members of the ISC organizing committee would like to take the opportunity to say thank you to all
the professors who supported us in the planning and realization of the congress. Special thanks go to the rector of the
Medical University of Graz, Univ.-Prof. Dr. Josef Smolle, who has been our
biggest supporter from the beginning. Furthermore, we would like to thank
Univ.-Prof. Dr. Freyja Smolle-Jttner, Univ.-Doz. Dr. Cord Langner, and
Univ.-Prof. Dr.phil. Peter Holzer for their active support, guidance, and resources. We would also like to thank MMag. Gerald Auer, Mag. Thomas
Moretti, and Mag. Maria Friedl for their assistance. Last but not least we
want to express our gratitude to Kathrin Eller, Robert Fuchs, Nassim Ghaffari Tabrizi-Wizsy, Ursula Hiden, Grazyna Kwapiszewska, Eva Sturm, Peter
Tomazic, Wolfgang Sattler, and Evelyn Jantscher-Krenn for much appreciated advises as well as their scientific support.
A big thank you also goes to our ambassadors all over the world who
helped spread the word and advertised this years International Student
Congress in their home countries.
International Student Congress

Medical University of Graz
Auenbruggerplatz 2, 8036 Graz,
Austria
isc@medunigraz.at
visit www.medunigraz.at/isc
Ida Aringer
Thomas Georgi
Robert Frei
Katharina Jandl
Carina Hasenhrl
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We would like to welcome you to the third edition of the International Student Congress, which is taking place at the Medical University of Graz June
4th - 6th, 2015.
This congress is organized by students for students and aims at giving
young scientists the opportunity to get familiar with scientific congresses, to
present and discuss their research in a friendly international atmosphere.
This years ISC takes place under the slogan You Define Tomorrows Research, which is exactly what we encourage you to do be pro-active,
communicate your ideas, and share your excitement with others!
Enjoy the ISC 2015!
We would like to welcome you to the third edition of the International Student Congress, which is taking
place at the Medical University of Graz on June 4th - 6th, 2015.
Science and research are essential to the future of every society. For this reason education and training in
scientific research are of great significance to academic institutions around the world.
In the spirit of promoting interest in research, the International Student Congress aims to be a platform for:
presenting ideas and results

acquiring knowledge and skills
introducing students to research fields and career opportunities
discussing current topics in medical research with leading experts
networking and interdisciplinary exchange of knowledge
The congress aims to bring together students from Bachelor, Master, PhD as well as Diploma studies of
medicine and related life sciences. Participants will be offered a chance to present the results of their scientific work and discuss them with their colleagues as well as leading experts.
This years ISC takes place under the slogan You Define Tomorrows Research, which is exactly what we
encourage you to do be pro-active, communicate your ideas, and share your excitement with others!
A total of seven awards will be granted to the best performances. The prize money is provided by Steiermrkische Sparkasse and will be awarded as follows:
2 awards of 300.- each will be granted to the best plenary presentation

2 awards of 200.- each will be granted to the best oral presentation
2 awards of 200.- each will be granted to the best poster presentation
1 awards of 100.- will be granted to the best abstract submission
We wish you the best of luck with your presentation!
8
Keynotes
13
Plenaries
14
Precourses
15
Workshops
17
Congress Guide
20
About the medical University
21
About Graz
22
Congress Etiquette
23
How to find your way to the ISC
24
Overview
25
Partner-Congresses
28
30
Oral Presentations Overview
31
Poster Presentations Overview
32
Plenary I
33
Plenary II
34
Dentistry I (Oral)
35
Endocrinology I (Oral)
37
Technical Innovations (Oral)
39
Public Health (Oral)
41
Surgery I (Oral)
43
Oncology I (Oral)
44
Cardiology I (Oral)
46
Gynecology I (Oral)
48
Immunology I (Oral)
50
Cell-& Molecular-Biology I (Oral)
52
Cardiology II (Oral)
54
Biochemistry/Pharmacology (Poster)
56
Case Reports I (Poster)
58
Case Reports II (Poster)
60
Dentistry II (Poster)
62
Gynecology II (Poster)
64
Internal Medicine I (Poster)
66
6
Microbiology/Infectiology I (Poster)
68
Neurology/Psychiatry I (Poster)
70
Oncology II (Poster)
72
Public Health II (Poster)
74
Public Health III
76
Case Reports III (Oral)
78
Dermatology/Opthalmology (Oral)
80
Gastro-Oncology (Oral)
82
Internal Medicine II (Oral)
83
Microbiology/Infectiology II (Oral)
85
Mixed Session (Oral)
87
Immunology II (Oral)
89
Neurology/Psychiatry II (Oral)
91
Nephrology I (Oral)
93
Cardiology III (Poster)
95
Case Reports IV (Poster)
97
Cell-& Molecular-Biology I (Poster)
99
Dentistry III (Poster)
101
Endocrinology II (Poster)
104
Immunology III (Poster)
106
Nephrology II (Poster)
108
Public Health IV (Poster)
110
Surgery II (Poster)
112
9:00 - 10:00am
KW Second Floor
Precourse Registration
10:00 - 10:30am
SZ.KW21
Precourse Opening Ceremony
10:30 - 11:30am
various locations
Precourse Part I
11:30 - 12:00pm
12:00 - 1:00pm
Coffee Break
various locations
1:00 - 2:00pm
2:00 - 3:00pm
Precourse Part II
Lunch Buffett
various locations
3:00 - 3:30pm
Precourse Part III

Coffee Break
3:30 - 4:30pm
various locations
Precourse Part IV
8:00 - 10:30pm
Feierlaune
Harrachgasse 22
Pub Quiz
8:00 - 9:00am
HSZ
Registration
9:00 9:15am
HS D
Opening Ceremony
HS D
Keynote "Blood sugar control in type 1 diabetes" &

Meet the Speaker
Jeffrey I Joseph, D.O. - Thomas Jefferson University,
Philadelphia, USA
9:15 - 10:15am
10:15 - 10:45am
Coffee & Networking
10:45 - 11:45am
UR KW.11
Dentistry I
Oral Presentations
10:45 - 11:45am
SR KW.11
Endocrinology I
Oral Presentations
10:45 - 11:45am
UR KW.12
Technical Innovations
Oral Presentations
10:45 - 11:45am
SR KW.12
Public Health I
Oral Presentations
10:45 - 11:45am
SR KW.13
Surgery I
Oral Presentations
10:45 - 11:45am
SR KW.14
Oncology I
Oral Presentations
10:45 - 11:45am
SZ KW.21
Cardiology I
Oral Presentations
10:45 - 11:45am
UR KW.21
Gynecology I
Oral Presentations
10:45 - 11:45am
UR KW.22
Immunology I
Oral Presentations
10:45 - 11:45am
SR KW.32
Cell- & Molecular-Biology I

Oral Presentations
10:45 - 11:45am
SR KW.31
Cardiology II
Oral Presentations
11:45 - 12:15pm
12:15 - 1:45pm
Coffee & Networking

various locations
1:45 - 2:45pm
2:45 - 3:30pm
Workshops
Lunch Buffett
HS D
Plenary I
Plenary Presentation Session
3:30 - 3:45pm
Coffee Break
3:45 - 4:45pm
Keynote "Nanotechnologies" & Meet the Speaker

"Nanotechnologies"
Univ. Prof. Dr. Albert Duschl - Paris Lodron University
Salzburg
HS D
4:45 - 5:00pm
Coffee Break
5:00 - 6:00pm
HSZ HS E1
Biochemistry & Pharmacology

Poster Presentations
5:00 - 6:00pm
HSZ HS E1
Case Reports I
5:00 - 6:00pm
HSZ HS E1
Case Reports II
5:00 - 6:00pm
HSZ HS E1
Dentistry II
5:00 - 6:00pm
HSZ HS E1
Gynecology II
5:00 - 6:00pm
HSZ HS E1
Internal Medicine I
5:00 - 6:00pm
HSZ HS E2
Microbiology & Infectiology I

5:00 - 6:00pm
HSZ HS E2
Neurology & Psychiatry I

5:00 - 6:00pm
HSZ HS E2
Oncology II
5:00 - 6:00pm
HSZ HS E2
Public Health II
5:00 - 6:00pm
HSZ HS E2
Public Health III

6:15 - 6:45pm
HS D
Award and Closing Ceremony
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Meeting Point: Main Square
7:45 - 8:00pm
Wear something traditional from your home country.
Official Welcome in the Mayors Hall

Show off your internationality! Wear something typical
from your home country and enjoy the wonderful Mayors
Hall overlooking the Maine Square!
8:00 - 10:30pm
8:00 - 9:15am
HSZ
9:15 - 10:15am
UR KW.11
9:15 - 10:15am
SR KW.11
Dermatology & Ophthalmology
9:15 - 10:15am
SR KW.12
Gastro-oncology
9:15 - 10:15am
SR KW.13
Internal Medicine II
9:15 - 10:15am
SR KW.14
Microbiology & Infectiology II
9:15 - 10:15am
UR KW.21
Mixed Session
9:15 - 10:15am
UR KW.22
Immunology II
9:15 - 10:15am
SR KW.32
Neurology & Psychiatry II
9:15 - 10:15am
SR KW.31
Nephrology I
10:15 - 10:45am
10:45 - 11:45am
Registration
Case Reports III
Oral Presentations
Oral Presentations
Oral Presentations
Oral Presentations
Oral Presentations
Oral Presentations
Oral Presentations
Oral Presentations
Oral Presentations
Coffee & Networking
HS D
Keynote "New aspects of allergology" & Meet the

Speaker
Prof. Dr. Erika Jensen-Jarolim - AllergyCare, Vienna, Austria
11:45 - 12:00pm
12:00 - 12:45pm
Coffee Break
HS D
12:45 - 1:45pm
1:45 - 2:45pm
Plenary II
Plenary Presentations
Lunch Buffett
HSZ HS E1
Cardiology III
11
Case Reports IV
Cell- & Molecular-Biology II
Dentistry III
Endocrinology II
1:45 - 2:45pm
HSZ HS E1
1:45 - 2:45pm
HSZ HS E1
1:45 - 2:45pm
HSZ HS E1
1:45 - 2:45pm
HSZ HS E1
1:45 - 2:45pm
HSZ HS E2
Immunology III
1:45 - 2:45pm
HSZ HS E2
Nephrology II
1:45 - 2:45pm
HSZ HS E2
Public Health IV
1:45 - 2:45pm
HSZ HS E2
Surgery II
2:45 - 3:15pm
Coffee Break
3:15 - 3:35pm
HS D
Award and Closing Ceremony
3:35 - 5:00pm
HSZ
Scientific Wine Time
6:45 - 7:00pm
Main Square
Meeting Point: Main Square

We'll meet up at the Main Square for our Scientific City
Tour.
Scientific City Tour
Starting at the Main Square, you'll get the opportunity not
only to get to know the beautiful city of Graz but also to
get some insight in those places of scientific significance.
7:00 - 8:00pm
8:00 - 11:59pm
Tam Tam
Keesgasse 3
ISC Farewell Party

Don't miss our Farewell Party.
12
Jeffrey I Joseph, D.O. - Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia,

USA
June 5th 9:15 10:15am
Jeffrey I Joseph is a Professor of Anesthesiology at Thomas Jefferson University in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. He is the director of both the Jefferson Artificial Pancreas Center and the Anesthesiology Program for Translational Research. Aside from his research, for which he is renowned and
respected in the diabetes technology community, he is a very successful
entrepreneur and founder of three companies: RTM Vital Signs
(implantable vital sign sensor), Capillary Biomedical (implantable CGM
device, insulin delivery and artificial pancreas) and Animas Corporation
(insulin pump therapy; was sold to Johnson and Johnson in 2006).
Univ. Prof. Dr. Albert Duschl - Paris Lodron University

Salzburg
June 5th 2:30 3:45pm
The NanoDiode Multi-Stakeholder Dialogue engages Stakeholders into the

discussion on nanotechnologies. The KeyNote presents an overview on
Nanotechnologies & Nanomaterials, give insights in their risk & benefits
and their potential for the future. The talk intends to enable transfer of
knowledge and to further discuss public engagement to address societally
desired fields of innovation. The key message is: Get to know and discuss
important societal and ethical challenges and together identify desired
fields of innovation in nanotechnology.
Prof. Dr. Erika Jensen-Jarolim - Messerli Research Institute, Vienna, Austria

June 6th 10:45 11:45 am
Erika Jensen-Jarolim, MD is immunologist and has a double appointment

as professor for Comparative Medicine between the Medical University
Vienna and University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna. Before that she
served as professor and head of the Institute of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research at the Medical University of Vienna. Her research is dedicated to the improvement of immunological diagnosis and therapies in allergy. She introduced the term allergooncology where focus is given on
allergic mechanisms in cancer. Jensen-Jarolim is engaged in national and
international boards and societies such as the Collegium Internationale
Allergologicum.
13
Significance of prognostic factors in patients with non-Hodgkin lymphoma (DLBCL) of

gastrointestinal tract
Sran Nikolovski
The role of integrin 111 in adhesion and migration in synovial fibroblasts under inflammatory conditions
Kerstin Katharina Rauwolf
Impact of stem cell co-transplantation and chemical caspase blocker modulation in

cartilage tissue repair
Rokhsareh Rohban
HER2 gene copy number and breast cancer specific survival

Giovanni Battista Biserni
MiR-96-5p level influences cellular growth and survival in colorectal cancer.

Anna Ress
Poor short-term outcome in patients with ischemic stroke and active cancer
Markus Kneihsl
14
15
Have you ever tried to write a paper in extenso? For a

good career in science you have to be able to communicate your research results. Our Colleges from Serbia offer
you hands-on tips & tricks to use on your journey from
literature search to the writing of the final version of a paper. What are the chances for a student to get his research published? How to choose the right journal and
what is the impact factor? What is data fabrication and
plagiarism and how it is detected? And much more! Enhance your scientific skills with the lecturers from the
Europes oldest student scientific journal, Medicinski
podmladak Medical Youth.
This pre-course will take you through the important first

stages of scientific writing, including planning your time
and understanding your assignment, through to starting to
write, editing and proofreading your work.
1: Pain management in patients with concomitant diseases

can be challenging. Based on a case from our pain clinic
we will discuss pharmacological treatment options, opioid
rotation, rescue medication, and typical problems which
may occur in pain management.
2: A 30 year old patient was referred to hospital because
of recurrent fever up to 39C. A big abscess (5x8x5cm) in
the neck was suspected as a focus for the fever and elevated C-reactive protein (CRP) levels. Nevertheless, different antibiotic regimen failed and the fever as well as high
CRP levels persisted. Within the course of the hospital
stay he developed painful skin lesions on the hands and
legs, thoracic pain as well as decreased kidney function.
Together we will work on the differential diagnosis of this
case and what diagnostic procedures are necessary for
diagnosing his disease and starting specific therapy.
In this course the participants are going to learn and reinforce the practical skill of abdominal sonography. It is important for us to teach structured procedures with a highly
practical component in small groups of max. 5 students.
Per group, there will be two tutors of the peer-teachinggroup Sono4you helping the attendees to reach the
learning target.
Which career choices do you face when you finish your

studies? Which area of research is advisable for your career? Is going abroad a must-do? How do you apply for a
position, what is important in your CV?
There are a lot of questions, when it comes to career possibilities, especially for young motivated scientists. Together in an international group we will discuss and give
advices. We will talk about the hearing procedure for a
PHD position. At the end of the day we invite people who
have chosen science as a career path.
Students will be acquainted with the basic principles of

flow cytometry and the potential uses thereof. Using simple protocols, the participants will learn how to design and
perform experiments and to acquire and analyze and
document the data.
Objectives:
Setup the flow cytometer
Plan experimental setups for flow cytometry
Isolate and label cells
Perform data acquisition and analysis
16
Sample size calculation is a vital part at the planning stage

of a trial. For example, the involvement of too many participants puts unnecessarily participants at risk, wastes
money, time, and effort; on the other hand, enrolling too
few participants may lack statistical power and miss a
scientifically important response to the intervention,
wastes resources, and is therefore unethical. In this workshop, the concept of sample size calculation will be presented for the situation of randomized controlled trials.
Emphasize will be put on practical issues which will be
illustrated with examples.
In academic medicine funding of scientific research projects is becoming increasingly important. Basically two
main sources of funding exist: funding bodies and businesses. Funding bodies are organizations that support
scientific activities by providing research grants. These
organizations typically offer standardized application forms
that need to be submitted by certain deadlines. Funding
bodies may also have calls for proposals. Funding bodies
include scientific societies, charitable funds or national or
international research councils. Commercial companies
are another option. Companies might be interested in providing financial support for projects related to the area of
their product portfolio. This workshop offers an overview of
the basics of fund raising covering national and interna-
The medical university of Graz was one of the first institutions in Europe to establish a compression chamber. Even
today Graz is one of two hospitals in Austria, which can
perform hyperbaric medicine in this way. The compression
chamber is not only used for decompression, but also for
therapy of lifethreatening infections like gangrene, tuberculosis or for curing of intoxications. In this workshop you will
be able to visit the compression chamber at the hospital of
Graz and hear about the most important facts of hyperbaric medicine.
Every healthcare professional should be proficient in performance of advanced cardiac life support. This workshop
will focus on emergency assessment and management of
critically ill patients through high-fidelity simulator training.
Airway management skills are essential both during routine and critical clinical situations. This workshop will provide participants with several skills relevant for the management of difficult airway situations through part-task and
simulation training.
Sample size calculation is a vital part at the planning stage

of a trial. For example, the involvement of too many participants puts unnecessarily participants at risk, wastes
money, time, and effort; on the other hand, enrolling too
few participants may lack statistical power and miss a
scientifically important response to the intervention,
wastes resources, and is therefore unethical. In this workshop, the concept of sample size calculation will be presented for the situation of randomized controlled trials.
Emphasize will be put on practical issues which will be
illustrated with examples.
17
Cardiopulmonary examination is a central clinical skill. In

this workshop, participants will learn structured performance of cardiopulmonary bedside assessment and get to
train diagnosis of common cardiac diseases in "Harvey The cardiopulmonary patient simulator".
.
Sonography offers many advantages in examining trauma

patients. In this workshop, participants will be able to learn
and perform structured real-life examination using modern
sonography according to the E-FAST approach.
Palliative care as an interdisciplinary medical speciality

aims to prevent and relieve physical suffering as well as
emotional, spiritual and social distress in patients with
serious life-threatening illnesses in order to achieve the
best possible quality of life for patients and their families.
However, scientific evidence to guide palliative care practice is still inadequate. Hence, current research in the field
of Palliative Care is strongly needed to provide an evidence-based approach to everyday palliative care practice.
Be prepared for your residency - in this workshop we will

present you some information on the symptoms and history of several patients and you have to find the right diagnosis and should also propose the appropriate treatment.
Some cases will be simple, some will be similar to those
Dr. House and his team are dealing with.
.
According to Dubben and Beck-Bornholdt, millions of articles are published every year in scientific journals; most of
them worthless, since quantity of publications seems to be
more important than quality nowadays. Therefore, critical
reading of scientific papers ist an important skill for scientists and physicians. The workshop will provide a short
introduction in how to read and to interpret articles critically
in medicine and natural sciences. Principal points for efficiently reading of studies and assessing the quality of scientific publications will be discussed on the basis of examples and demonstrations. The main goal of this workshop
is to raise awareness for misinformation and misinterpretation in scientific studies, since paper is proverbial known
for being patient.
18
Delegates will learn the fundamental skills of plastic surgery at an early career stage in a supportive environment.
There is a balanced mix of practical and theoretical material taught on the course with demonstrations and soft
tissue models for practise. The course provides delegates
with the confidence required to perform the basic skill required in plastic surgery.
.
In this workshop we will discuss the problem of overdiagnosis. It happens when people get a diagnosis they dont
need. Although hard to believe, theres growing scientific
evidence suggesting many people are overdiagnosed
across a lot of different conditions, including asthma,
breast cancer and high blood pressure. Participants
should have a curios und critical attitude and be open for
debate.
Medical students have to face many challenges while their

theoretical an practical training at med school. Big
amounts of learning materials, difficult exams and the handling of real life situations with patients and colleagues can
be very tough. In this workshop you will hear about actual
studies and background information about the health of
medical students and their biopsychosocial burden. We
also want to discuss about problems at your faculties and
ways to face them.
Nanomedicine employs converging technologies to improve human health. Nanomedicine includes the development of nanoparticles for therapeutic and diagnostic applications and the design of nano-sized tools for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. The workshop will
provide an overview on the status quo, promises and pitfalls in nanomedicine with special focus on nanopharmaceuticals.
.
The workshop "Acute Coronary Syndrome" deals with one

of the most important reasons for death in developed
countries. Pathogenesis, clinical features, ECG and lab
findings as well as current guidelines concerning diagnosis, risk stratification and treatment will be presented. Several cases shall be discussed by the audience.
The number of standardized laparoscopic techniques in

general surgery is increasing worldwide. The aim of this
workshop is to train practical and theoretical skills in laparoscopy. In the first part of this workshop, these standardized techniques are presented theoretically in a short lecture. In the second part, all participants get the possibility to
train practical skills in laparoscopy using a spezialized
pelvitrainer.
19
20
A young university with a long standing tradition

As early as 1863 much emphasis was laid on medical research and the education of new physicians, both
of which proved to be very successful.In January 2004, the former Faculty of Medicine was replaced by
an autonomous university. The core competences of the Medical University of Graz are highstandard training and education, research at an international level and continuous improvement of
top-quality-medicine. Additionally, the orientation toward the bio-psycho-social model is one of the main
concerns of the university.
According to the bio-psycho-social model, patients and their ailments are the main focus and tended
to by specialists. In the field of education the Medical University of Graz breaks new grounds due to a new
curriculum for medicine that was introduced in 2002. Students start their education with a practical training and medical knowledge will be taught in different specialized modules. For the students this
means practical experience at a very early stage of their studies, many seminars and small study
groups. Furthermore, emphasis is laid on both medical knowledge and social competence and Medical University of Graz. In the fall of 2004, the program Nursing Science was introduced. It is the only one in
Austria and accounts for all the new needs and challenges in health care.
The Medical University of Graz has a long tradition of successful and internationally renowned research, which is obvious by the fact that three Nobel Prize winners have conducted research in its
institutes and clinics:
Fritz Pregl, Nobel Prize in Chemistry (1923)
Julius Wagner von Jauregg, Nobel Prize in Medicine (1927)
Otto Loewi, Nobel Prize in Medicine (1936)
We at the Medical University of Graz also focus on the utilization of research results. Next to providing medical education and first-class medical treatment, research is the core task and competence of the medical
schools. It provides the basis for all progress in medicine, be it by exploring physiological processes and
decoding genes and their functions, or by developing new operation techniques and testing new
ingredients for pharmaceutical products. The Medical University of Graz is highly committed to scientific
medical research and has been throughout its long history. In its university clinics and pre-clinical institutes
and centers, researchers employ state-of-the-art scientific methods to search for answers and new approaches, thus contributing continuously to the progress in medicine and biotechnology.
21
Graz has a long and eventful history. The tracks of first buildings and fortresses date back to the early stone age. The Celts, who lived not only in Gallia (like Asterix) but also in the region of today's Austria, left
their traces in Graz too. You can find them, for instance, in the small forest directly behind the University
Hospital, the Leechwald. During the time of the Roman Empire the area of Graz was a busy area for
agriculture; the antique city Flavia Solva near the city of Leibnitz, south of Graz is witness of it. They
even found a Roman villa underneath the airport of Graz.
The word Graz originates from the Slavic word Gradec, meaning small fortress. This fortress,
which was uilt on the hill in the city center, the Schlossberg, didn't remain small for long. For nearly 300
years Graz was the residence of the Habsburgs, the Austrian Imperial dynasty. In the time of the war
against the ottomans, the fortress was captured for the last time in history, as the next great enemy who
tried to occupy the city, Napoleon, was never able to do so. Graz remains the only city that the ingenious general from Corsica could never conquer. He got so furious; he forced the Austrian Emperor to let
him destroy the city without fight. No sooner said than done, the fortress as blown up and half of
the Schlossberg with it. The only other two buildings that survived the destruction, apart from some residues of the fortress, were the clock tower (Uhrturm) and the bell tower (Liesl).
A second good reason to visit Graz is the exceptional living quality. According to an inquiry, 92% of the citizens are very satisfied with living in the city. This is quite a high number, dont you think? Maybe it's because of the many parks, the forests inside and outside the city or its manageable size (300.000 inhabitants on
127.6 km) which you can easily discover by public transportation and by bicycle. Perhaps it's the southern
flair (Graz is known as the Austrian city with the most Italian flair) in the small alleys of the city center, with
its hidden places where you can just drop inside a bar or a caf for a drink or a cup of coffee, read a good
book, watch the scenery and enjoy life. Moreover, lets not forget the friendly citizens of Graz. They, too,
are the reason why so many just love to visit or, even, stay forever.
The rooftop landscape of Graz, which you can look at from every elevated spot around the city center, has
been a UNESCO world's cultural heritage since 1999. In 2003, the city was given the honor of being
Cultural Capital of Europe.
Whether you are interested in architecture or the fine arts, there are numerous options you can choose
from: the opera house, the many theaters, the museums, open air and indoor concert venues and our
castle in the district of Eggenberg are all sports worth visiting. During summertime the street artists of
La Strada fill the streets with a special atmosphere while the Jazz Summer brings great artists to town.
As Graz is a university city, there is a large number of students living here. Where there are students, there
are bars and parties. In the Uni Quarter along and around Elisabethstrae the bars are lined up for your
choice, and the Bermuda Triangle in the city center got its name from one or the other getting lost
there until the break of dawn. As our 40,000 students are not only partying but also studying, they
can do so at 4 universities, 2 universities of applied sciences and 2 pedagogical colleges.
A lot of famous people were born in Graz or lived here. Leopold Auenbrugger, whom you may know as the
inventor of medical percussion, Hans Gross, the founder of criminology (yes, he kind of invented CSI),
emperors of the Habsburgs dynasty, Arnold Schwarzenegger, Nicola Tesla, Otto Loewi, Erwin
Schrdinger, Nicolaus Hanoncourt, Karlheinz Bhm, and so on.
22
First and most importantly: You are at a student congress. Dont be afraid to get in touch with each other. It
might seem difficult at first as there are so many people from different countries with different cultures,
speaking different languages. However, a nice conversation is the first step to getting to know each other
and to exchange knowledge.
1. Be on time for sessions as a visitor and arrive at least 10 minutes in advance

when you are the presenter.
2. Each session is guided by a chairperson who introduces the presenters and asks
questions to start a discussion. If you are a presenter it is an unwritten rule to
introduce yourself before your session begins.
3. Respect the presenter by listening to him/her quietly. If you want to ask something
there is a scheduled discussion time after each presentation.
4. At the registration you will receive a patch with your name on it. Please wear it
visibly at all times (especially lunch and coffee breaks), so everybody you talk to
can easily remember your name.
5. Consider the dress code which, depending on the host country, might be elegant
or casual. The ISC does not ask you to wear a suit but dress nicely nonetheless.
6. Last, but not least, be nice and friendly to each other, respect your counterpart
and enjoy yourself!
23
The ISC takes place at the lecture hall center of the Medial University of Graz which is located at
the university hospital (Univ.-Klinikum LKH Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 1, 8036 Graz). Follow our signs!
You can get there by public transportation or by foot, depending where you are staying.
Tram line 7 (final station)

Bus line 41 (final station)
Bus line 64 (direction Stiftingtal)
Bus line 77 (final station)
Find us at the Meeting Point (Main Square) at 07:45pm on Friday and at 6:45pm on Saturday, this way you
will find your way to the Official Welcoming Ceremony at City Hall, the Scientific City Tour and the ISC
Farewell Party more easily.
Thursday, 4th of June: Pub Quiz at the Bar Feierlaune in Harrachgasse 22 (basement).
Friday, 5th of June: Official Welcome at City Hall. Take tram line 7 to the main square (Hauptplatz).
Saturday, 6th of June: Scientific City Tour and following ISC Farewell Party at Tam Tam in Keesgasse
3. Take tram line 7 to Jakominiplatz or Hauptplatz and walk from there.
Public transport:
Youll find information about public transport in Graz at the website of Holding-Graz
(http://www.holding-graz.at/linien.html). You can get tickets at the ticket machine in the tram, at the driver of
the bus or in every newspaper kiosk. A one hour ticket costs 2.1 , 24h 4.80 and a 7-day-pass 13.40.
Bicycle:
If you want to rent a bike, visit the homepage www.grazbike.at
24
25
Main Square:
Official Welcome
Main Station
Farewell-Party
TAM TAM, Keesgasse 3
26
ISC 2015
LKH Graz/St. Leonhard
Pub-Quiz
Feierlaune, Harrachgasse 22
27
28
29
30
Dentistry I
(SR KW.11)
Case Reports III

(SR KW.11)
Endocrinology I
(SR KW.11)
Dermatology/Opthalmology
(SR KW.11)
Technical Innovations
(UR KW.12)
Gastro-oncology
(SR KW.12)
Public Health I
(SR KW.12)
Internal Medicine II
(SR KW.13)
Surgery I
(SR KW.13)
Microbiology/Infectiology II
(SR KW.14)
Oncology II
(SR KW.14)
Mixed Session
(UR KW.21)
Cardiology I
(SZ KW.21)
Immunology II
(UR KW.22)
Gynecology I
(UR KW.21)
Neurology/Psychiatry II
(SR KW.32)
Immunology I
(UR KW.22)
Nephrology I
(SR KW.31)
Cell-& Molecular-Biology I
(SR KW.32)
Cardiology II
(SR. KW.31)
31
Biochemistry/Pharmacology
Cardiology III
(HSZ HS E1)
Case Reports IV
(HSZ HS E1)
Cell- & Molecular-Biology II

(HSZ HS E1)
Dentistry III
(HSZ HS E1)
Endocrinology II
(HSZ HS E1)
Immunology III
(HSZ HS E2)
Nephrology II
(HSZ HS E2)
Public Health IV
(HSZ HS E2)
Surgery II
(HSZ HS E2)
(HSZ HS E1)
Case Reports I
(HSZ HS E1)
Case Reports II
(HSZ HS E1)
Dentistry II
(HSZ HS E1)
Gynecology II
(HSZ HS E1)
Internal Medicine I
(HSZ HS E1)
Microbiology/Infectiology I
(HSZ HS E2)
Neurology/Psychiatry I
(HSZ HS E2)
Oncology II
(HSZ HS E2)
Public Health II
(HSZ HS E2)
Public Health III
(HSZ HS E2)
32
Sran Nikolovski
Medical Faculty Belgrade, Serbia;
Introduction: Non-Hodgkin lymphomas of gastrointestinal tract are the most frequent form of all extranodal lymphomas. The most significant risk factors
which have influence on their occurrence are age, gender, immunosupression, autoimmune and immunodeficient conditions, microorganisms, exposition
to toxic chemicals, lifestyle and genetic factors.
Aim: Determination of significance and influence of basic prognostic factors in survival of patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma of gastrointestinal
tract.
Materials and ethods: The survey included 97 patients treated against non-Hodgkin lymphoma of gastrointestinal tract in the period 2001-2013 on
Institute of Hematology, Clinical Center of Serbia in Belgrade. We analyzed clinical characteristics in these patients which are compared with the length of
survival time. Used statistical methods were univariate and multivariate analysis.
Results: There was significant difference in relation between five year overall survival and Ann Arbor stadium 2, ECOG performance status 2, international prognostic index 2, high levels of thrombocytes and C reactive protein, hypoalbuminemia and newly defined inflammatory stage-modified international prognostic index (p<0,05).
Conclusion: Patients with non-Hodgkin lymphoma of gastrointestinal tract have ECOG performance status, international prognostic index, thrombocytosis, high levels of C reactive protein and hypoalbuminemia as main predictors of overall survival. We have defined new inflammatory stage-modified
international prognostic index as the best prognostic factor.

Kerstin Katharina Rauwolf1, Denise Beckmann1, Uwe Hansen1, Daniel Kronenberg1, Donald Gullberg2, Thomas Pap1, Adelheid Korb-Pap1
1
Institute of Experimental Musculoskeletal Medicine, University Hospital Muenster, Germany; 2Department of Biomedicine and Centre for Cancer Biomarkers, University of Bergen, Norway
Background: Integrins mediate cell-matrix interactions of synovial fibroblasts (SF) with cartilage during rheumatoid arthritis (RA) resulting in cartilage
degradation and destruction. In this context, integrin 111 (ITGA11) is of special interest, because it is mainly expressed in cellular adhesive structures
and its role in inflammatory arthritis is unknown.
Methods: ITGA11 expression levels in SF of wild type and human TNF alpha transgenic mice, a mouse model of inflammatory arthritis were analyzed by
Western Blot (WB) and immunofluorescence as well as immunohistochemistry using paraffin-embedded hind paws. Furthermore different extracellular
matrix substrates and their influence on ITGA11 expression and its subcellular location were investigated using immunofluorescence. Next, we analyzed
isolated SF of ITGA11-/- mice in functional studies such as a modified scratch assay and an established cartilage attachment assay to identify differences
in migration and adhesion.
Results: In immunohistological stainings and WB analyses, elevated ITGA11 levels were detected in hTNFtg SF as compared to wt SF. This was also
confirmed by immunofluorescence, where hTNFtg SF showed an enrichment of focal adhesions with increased and most prominent expression of ITGA11. Furthermore, ITGA11-/- SF showed a modified cytoskeleton arrangement compared to wt SF. Analyses of the functional assays showed an altered
coating-dependent migration rate and adhesion capacity of ITGA11-/- SF in comparison to wt SF.
Conclusion and Impact: Integrin 111 is induced under inflammatory conditions and contributes to the migratory and adhesive capacity of SF. Therefore Integrin 111 might be an important target to improve the therapeutic strategies in RA.
Rokhsareh Rohban1,2,3, Thomas R. Pieber1, Peter Schlenke2, Andreas Leithner4

1
Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Medical University of Graz, Austria; 2Department of Blood Group Serology and Transfusion Medicine, Medical University of Graz,
Austria;3Center for Medical Research (ZMF), Medical University of Graz, Austria; 4Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Medical University of Graz, Austria
Cartilage associated deficiencies such as herniation and arthritis severely hamper quality of life by restricting patients mobility and causing weakness.
Therefore, therapeutic innovations for cartilage regeneration have been of great consideration in cartilage-repair oriented clinical approaches.
In this pilot study we hypothesized that co-transplantation of genetically un-manipulated human mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) and endothelial colony
forming cells (ECFC) leads to stable, functional cartilage formation. Furthermore, the use of caspase inhibitors promotes chondrogenic differentiation in
MSC only transplants.
The two types of adult stem cells were tested for their ability to form cartilage in vivo. Chemical caspase inhibitors were also used to induce chondrogenesis in MSC only population. The cells were injected in form of matrigel plugs into immune-deficient mice subcutaneously, thereafter were explanted at the
defined time course (2, 8, 24 weeks) and tested for mature cartilage formation using immune-histological methods.
The results showed that the combination of MSC/ECFC with a defined 1:5 ratio develops an early chondrogenesis state resulting in mature chondrogenic
differentiation 24 weeks post-transplantation in vivo. General caspase and caspase-4 inhibitors as small molecule chemical modulators were also capable
of differentiating MSC into chondrocytes in a shorter time-point (2 weeks) in vivo.
This study confirms the efficacy of genetically un-manipulated MSC and ECFC in cartilage regeneration that could be of interest in clinical cartilage-tissue
repair procedures. Caspase blockers were also shown to play a crucial role in differentiating MSC pure population into mature chondrocytes thus could be
an effective epigenetic approach for cartilage regeneration in vivo.
33
Giovanni Battista Biserni1, Monica Jernberg Engstrm2, Anna Mary Bofin2

1
School of Medicine, University of Bologna, Alma Mater Studiorum, Bologna, Italy; 2Department of Laboratory Medicine, Childrens and Womens Health,
Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
HER2 amplification occurs in 10-15 % of breast cancers. It is associated with poor breast cancer specific survival (BCSS) and is an important prognostic
and predictive marker. HER2 status is determined by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and/or in situ hybridization (ISH).While it has been generally accepted
that the ratio between HER2 and CEP17 determines HER2-status, the most recent guidelines for interpretation of HER2 ISH acknowledge the significance of HER2 copy number alone.
The aims of this study were to assess BCSS according to absolute HER2 copy number and HER2-status expressed as a HER2/CEP 17 ratio with and
without and increased CEP17 copy number.
The study population comprised breast cancer patients treated with surgery only and with long-term follow-up. ISH for HER2/CEP17 was done on tissue
microarrays and was successful in 680 cases. These were included in the study. Kaplan-Meier methods were used to estimate BCSS.
Results show that 47 cases had >=4<6 HER2 copies; 20 were HER2+ and 27 were HER2- by ratio. 81 cases had >=6 copies of HER2 and only two of
these were HER2 negative by ratio. The risk of death from breast cancer was increased among those with >=6 HER2 (HR 2.84; CI 1.95-4.13
(unadjusted)). After adjusting for stage, there was a slight increased risk of death from breast cancer in cases that were HER2 negative by ratio but with
>=4<6 HER2 (HR2.09; CI 1.01-4.33).
Increased copy number of HER2 may confer an increased risk of death from breast cancer despite HER2/CEP17 negative status.
Anna Ress1, Verena Stiegelbauer1, Elke Winter4, Daniela Schwarzenbacher1, Sigurd Lax3, Alexander Deutsch2, Thomas Bauernhofer1, Hellmut
Samonigg1, Armin Gerger1, Gerald Hoefler4, Martin Pichler1
1
Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz; 2Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical
University of Graz; 3Department of Pathology, General Hospital Graz West; 4Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz
Background: Expression of miR-96-5p is frequently altered in various types of cancer. However, the biological role of miR-96-5p expression in colorectal
cancer (CRC) cells and its ability to predict the clinical course of patients has not been investigated yet.
Material and Methods: We explored miR-96-5p expression in 80 CRC patients and evaluated the impact on clinical outcome. In vitro miR-96-5p expression manipulation was performed in CRC cells and the effects on cellular growth, apoptosis and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related gene
expression were explored.
Results: Multivariate Cox regression analysis identified low levels of miR-96-5p as independent prognostic factors with respect to cancer-specific survival
(hazard ratio=1.8, 95%CI=1.04-3.1, p<0.035). In vitro overexpression of miR-96-5p led to a reduced cellular growth rate (p<0.05), corroborated by a
decreased cyclin D1 and increased p27-CDKN1A expression (p<0.05). Forced expression of miR-96-5p in CRC cells entailed no effects on apoptosis or
EMT-related genes but decreased the expression levels of the KRAS oncogene (p<0.05). Despite regulating KRAS expression, there was no significant
difference associated with miR-96-5p expression levels and response rates to EGFR-targeting agents.
Conclusion: Our data suggest that miR-96-5p influences cellular growth of CRC cells and low expression of miR-96-5p seems to be associated with poor
clinical outcome in CRC patients.
Markus Kneihsl1, Christian Enzinger1,2, Gerit Wnsch3, Michael Khalil1, Tadeja Urbanic-Purkart1, Franz Payer1, Kurt Niederkorn1, Franz Fazekas1, Thomas Gattringer1
1
Department of Neurology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria; 2Section of Neuroradiology, Department of Radiology, Medical University of Graz,
Graz, Austria; 3Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Documentation, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
Introduction: In our aging society, ischemic stroke and cancer often co-occur. It is difficult to decide if this relationship is etiologically linked (such as from
presumed procoagulatory carcinoma effects) or a chance finding and how it affects stroke outcome. In this work we examined clinical, neuroimaging and
prognostic aspects of acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients with known active cancer compared to AIS patients with stable cancer.
Methods: All AIS patients that were admitted to the neurological department of our primary and tertiary care university hospital between 2008 and 2014
were identified (n=4918). Of those, 300 patients had an additional diagnosis of cancer. Cancer patients were divided in active cancer (metastasis, ongoing chemo- or radiation therapy, malignancy in progression, n=73) and non-active cancer (remission, n=227) groups. The level of significance was set
at p<0.05.
Results: Patients with active cancer were significantly younger (70.310.6 vs. 74.99.9 years), had more severe stroke syndromes (NIHSS: median 5
versus 3), more frequently cryptogenic strokes (50.7 vs. 32.5%) and more often infarcts in multiple cerebrovascular territories (26 vs. 5%) compared to
patients with malignancies in remission. In-hospital mortality (median stay of 9 days) was significantly increased in patients with active cancer (21.9 vs.
6.1%).
Conclusion: The high proportion of cryptogenic stroke and infarcts in multiple vascular territories in AIS patients with concomitant active cancer supports
the role of active malignancies in stroke etiology. Furthermore, this combination appears to entail a bad short-term prognosis even in the wake of at first
relatively mild stroke syndromes.
34
Asana Vali Sichani1, Mohhamad Monirifard2, Ava Vali Sichani3

Abbas Haghighat1, Mehdi Mehdikhani2, Alireza Reihany Mohammadi1
Dentist, Students' Research Committee, School of Dentistry, Isfahan

University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.; 2Dentist, department of
orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences,
Isfahan, Iran.; 3Dentist, pediatric department, School of Dentistry, khorasgan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Iran, Islamic Republic of; 2Isfahan

University, faculty of Engineering, Iran
Background: Biodegradable membranes have been used to regenerate
bone defects, especially in dental implants use for lost teeth. Therefore,
many studies have been fulfilled on physical, chemical, mechanical, and
biological
properties
enhancement
of
such
membranes.
Introduction:
Malocclusion and dental caries are two of most frequent dental conditions.
The prevalence of malocclusion in increasing in many countries. The aim
of this study is evaluating the association between DMFS index and different types of malocclusion in 11-14 year old Iranian children.
Methods: 45S bioactive glass(BG) nanoparticles were prepared by sol-gel

technique. BG nanoparticles were characterized by X-ray diffraction
(XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray fluorescence (XRF),
Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The composition of materials was verified with Xray fluorescent (XRF) and the morphology and particles size were evaluated with transmission electron microscopy(TEM). Chitosan-45S BG nanocomposite membrane was prepared by solvent casting technique. The
amount of BG nanoparticles in the nanocomposite membrane was 30 wt%.
Membrane was characterized by SEM, XRD, FTIR, and TEM. Mechanical
properties of the membrane were determined by standard tensile test. In
vitro antibacterial activity and degradation of the prepared membrane was
evaluated.
Method and Materials: A cross sectional study was done on 281 iranian
11-14 years old children (162 female, 119 male) that selected by Multistage Stratified Sampling among Isfahan school .
DMFS index, overjet (mm) overbite (mm) anterior crowding (mm) and
anterior spacing (mm) were measured. The results were analyzed, linear
regression and pearson correlation test, and significanc level of 0.05.
Results: DMFS index showed significant relationship with crowding in in
whole (male and female) group (P=0.002, R=0.183) also, in female group
(P=0.000, R=0.274) but not in male group. Other types of malocclusion
havent significant relationship with DMFS.
Results: Results showed uniform distribution of BG nanoparticles and

some BG aggregates in the prepared nanocomposite membrane. Suitable
mechanical properties of the membrane were observed. It showed antibacterial activity against E.Coli bacteria. Inhibition zone was observed around
the Degradation studies illustrated gradual weight loss of the membrane.
During degradation test membrane maintained its configuration and uniformity.
Conclusion: This study has shown positive significant relationship between DMFS and crowding, but it doesn't mean a cause and effect relationship.
Conclusion: According to the mechanical, degradation, and antibacterial

activity tests, it was concluded that Chitosan-45S BG nanocomposite
membrane could be used as a good candidate for guided tissue regeneration.
Magdalena Czeryska1, Paulina Orow1, Magdalena Choromaska2,

Anna Justyna Milewska3
1
Restorative Dentistry Scientific Circle next to Department of Restorative

Dentistry; Scientific Circle next to Department of Statistics and Medical
Informatics, Medical University of Bialystok; 2Department of Restorative
Dentistry, Medical University of Bialystok; 3Department of Statistics and
Medical Informatics, Medical University of Bialystok
Parinaz Mahdavian, Elham Shadmehr

Isfahan University of medical sciences, Iran
Background: Pain control after root canal treatment is important in endodontic practice. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the
efficacy of orally administered clonidine on postoperative pain and the use
of analgesics after root canal treatment.
Introduction: Oral cavity hygiene treatment includes systematic tooth

brushing (min. twice a day), using dental floss, rinsing oral cavity with
special dental rinses and extra accessories eg. irrigator, toothpicks.
Aim: The aim of the study was to got to know what kind of oral cavity
hygiene procedures are the most often made by patients.
Methods: In a randomized double-blinded clinical trial, 60 patients (30 per

group) having first or second mandibular molars with irreversible pulpitis
randomly received either 0.2 mg/kg clonidine or placebo one hour before
treatment. All patients received standard IANB of 2% lidocaine with
1:100000 epinephrine. After single-visit root canal treatment, each patient
recorded their pain score on a Heft Parker visual analogue scale at 3, 6,
12, 24, 36, 48, and 72 hours after treatment. Data were analyzed by MannWhitney, c2, Cochrane Q, and t tests as well as Pearson correlation analysis (p < .05).
Materials and Methods: The information were obtained with a authors

survey. 331 questionnaire forms were filled in by patients of Specialist
Clinics in University Hospital in Bialystok. First of all authors received a
permission from Bioethical Commission. Data was analyzed with Statistica
10.0 (Ch^2 Pearson Test; p<0,05).
Results: We have found in Statistical significant correlation between systematic tooth brushing and patients sex (p=0,001). Women more often
than men brush teeth (169 vs. 76). Women more frequent than men use
dental floss (122 vs. 37), which was statistical ascertained (p=0,002). We
proved statistical correlation between rinsing oral cavity and gender
(p=0,005). number of women exceed numbers of men (114 vs.42). During
last 6 months statistical (p=0,007) bigger number of women than men (129
vs.57) visited dental office.
Results: The results indicate that patients who received clonidine had
significantly lower pain scores at 3, 6 and 12 hours after root canal treatment compared with the patients who received placebo (P < .05). The use
of analgesics in the clonidine patients was significantly lower than in the
placebo group (P< .05).
Conclusion: Patients who received orally administered clonidine before
single-visit endodontic treatment of irreversible pulpitis in mandibular molars had significantly less early postoperative pain and used fewer analgesics than those who had lidocaine as the anesthetic.
Conclusion: Women more willingly than men care of oral cavity hygiene
and visit dentist. Teeth brushing is the most popular hygiene procedure both women and men. The least number of people use extra hygiene
accessories (eg. irrigator, toothpicks).
35
Stefanie Schnbacher, Elisabeth Santigli, Barbara Klug

University Clinic of Dentistry and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of
Orthodontics and Maxillofacial Orthopaedics, Medical University of Graz,
Austria
Gal Ivancic
Medical University of Graz, Austria
Background: Dental work implies exposition to potential health hazards

due to pathogen aerosols or blood exposure. The aim of this study was to
investigate the seroprevalence of hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus
(HCV) and Legionella in dental health care workers (DHCW).
Material and Methods: The retrospective study was carried out at the
department of oral and maxillofacial surgery at the University Clinic Graz. It
was required that all patients for this study had undergone a tumor surgery
with microvascular tissue transfer and had received a dental and prosthetic
rehabilitation with implants in the years between 2006 and 2010.
Methods: Questionnaires were completed by 240 volunteers at dental

meetings in Austria in 2010. Blood samples were analyzed with permission
of the ethical commission, Medical University of Graz. Questions were
based on barrier methods and vaccination status. ELISA was performed
for Legionella, HBV and HCV detection. HCV was confirmed by PCR.
SPSS 21.0 was applied for statistical analysis.
Results: Between 2006 and 2010, 42 cancer patients, who underwent a

tumor surgery in the oral and maxillofacial region with microvascular tissue
transfer, had received a dental rehabilitation through implants with a success rate of 96,1 % after a 12-months follow-up.
The average time between the tumor surgery and the implantation was 13
months, with the iliac crest graft used as the most common microvascular
tissue.
65,1 % of these patients had to be treated with a vestibuloplasty, which
was with 55 % the most common pr-prosthetic procedure. More than half
(55,8 %) of all patients were able to receive a subsequent prosthetic care.
Results: Fourteen (5,8%) persons were tested positive for Legionella IgG.
HCV was detected in two (0,8%) participants and nine (3,8%) had experienced a HBV infection in the past. Immunization protection was tested
positively in 200 (83,3%) subjects while reported by 215 (89,6%). 173
(84%) DHCWs reported wearing always gloves and 137 (66,5%) the constant usage of face masks. Women reported a more frequent use of gloves
than man (p=0,018), dentists a more frequent use of face masks than
dental assistants (p=0,002).
Discussion and Conclusion: Dental rehabilitation with implants and

subsequent prosthetic care at the department of oral and maxillofacial
surgery at the University Clinic Graz provides an effective type of therapy
for certain patients without contraindications improving the patient's quality
of life, masticatory function as well as the aesthethic aspect of the patient's
appearance and is conform to the current, internatinal literature of other
Universities.
Discussion: HCV prevalence comes close to the reported prevalence in

general population (1%). Generalization of the results is restricted by the
participation of volunteers only.
Conclusion: More attention to HBV immunization and barrier methods
should be paid in dental education. This study serves as baseline for the
design of a representative survey based upon DHCWs from 80 randomly
chosen dental offices compared with a control group.
36
Julian Augustin Zedler, Harald Sourij, Norbert Tripolt

Neda Haghighat1, Seyed Ahmad Hosseini2, Mohammadreza Vafa3
Background: Patients with Diabetes type 2 have 2-4 fold higher risk of
cardiovascular events compared to the non-diabetic population. Atherosclerosis and plaque formation is strongly influenced by different arms of
the immune system, including B lymphocytes. Recent investigations suggest combined free serum light chains (cFLC) as a potential biomarker for
cardiovascular events. Our aim was therefore to assess the association of
cFLC with carotid atherosclerosis measured by ultrasound, a wellestablished surrogate parameter cardiovascular events.
Ahvaz University of Medical Sciences, Iran, Islamic Republic of; 2Ahvaz

University of Medical Sciences, Iran, Islamic Republic of; 3Iran University
of Medical Sciences, Iran
ABSTRACT NOT TO BE PUBLISHED
Methods:
We performed a crossectional analysis in data from a a prospective single
center 2-year study of 97 pa-tients with type 2 diabetes and insufficiently
controlled cardiovascular risk factor. Complete data on cFLC, high sensitive C-reactive protein (hsCRP) was available for 75 subjects. Carotid
intima media thickness (CIMT) and a B-score to quantify plaque burden
was determined according to the Asymptomatic Carotid Artery Plaque
Study protocol (ACAPS). The data was compared using explorative statistical analysis.
Results: The preliminary results showed no significant correlation between
cIMT and cFLC (spearman rho, p=0,071). However, a significant correlation between cFLC and the B-score (spearman rho, p=0,001) as well as
hsCRP (spearman rho, p=0,02) were observed.
Conclusion:
In this small study, cFLC was associated with carotid atherosclerosis,
measured by the B-score. However, further larger datasets need to confirm
this association and determine whether cFLC could be used as a potential
biomarker for atherosclerosis and cardiovascular risk, since regular surrogate parameters are not yet accurate enough to detect atherosclerotic
progression.
Anna Krentowska1, Anna Skoneczny1, Klaudyna Noiszewska2, Artur

Bossowski2
Silvia Leitgeb, Anja Ribitsch, Gerlies Treiber

Medical University Graz, Austria
Students' Scientific Association at the Department of Pediatrics, Endocrinology, and Diabetology with Cardiology Division, Medical University of
Biaystok, Poland; 2Department of Pediatrics, Endocrinology, and Diabetology with Cardiology Division, Medical University of Biaystok, Poland
Background: The rising incidence and severe complications of overweight

and obesity have become a major global health challenge. Recent findings
show also an increase of elevated BMI in patients with type 1 diabetes
(T1D). Aim of this work was to evaluate the impact of increased bodyweight on the prevalence of late diabetic complications in women and men
with T1D.
Background: Growth hormone deficiency (GHD) is associated with cardiovascular abnormalities. The condition of blood vessels may be reflected by
central arterial pressure (CAP), so its assessment seems to be useful in
monitoring cardiovascular results of growth hormone (GH) treatment. The
aim of the study was to evaluate the influence of GH replacement therapy
on CAP parameters in children with GHD.
Methods: In this retrospective study a cohort of 429 adults with T1D from
an academic diabetic outpatient clinic were included. Patient characteristics and data regarding diabetes history and therapy were analysed according to BMI tertiles.
Results: 38% of all T1D patients (243 males, 186 females; age 4314 ys.
diabetes duration 2214 ys. and mean HbA1c 6415 mmol) were overweight and 7.7% had obesity. More women with T1D were obese than
men with T1D (11% vs. 5%). The rate of microvascular diabetic complications in T1D women is significantly increased from first (21.7%) to second
(30.7%) and third (47.8%) BMI-tertile (p<0.05). No significant differences
were found in T1D men or in the rate of macrovascular complications. The
prevalence of arterial hypertension and lipidemia increases significantly
with a higher BMI tertile in both men and women (p<0.05).
Methods: The study group included 53 patients with GHD (mean age 12.6
years) treated in Endocrinology Outpatient Clinic and the Department of
Pediatrics, Endocrinology, and Diabetology, Medical University of Bialystok. The patients were divided into subgroups: qualified for GH therapy
(group 1; n=28) and undergoing GH therapy (group 2; n=25). The control
group consisted of patients with no cardiac irregularities or endocrinopathies (mean age 13.2 years). Three measurements of CAP were
performed using a Central Blood Pressure Meter (cBP01) and average
values were calculated. Statistical analysis was performed using Statistica
10.0.
Conclusion: Our data show an increased rate of hypertension and lipidemia in T1D patients with higher BMI and an increased rate of microvascular diabetic complications mainly seen in T1D women with higher BMI.
Preventive measures are necessary in the management of patients with
T1D to cope with increasing body weight in particular in women.
Results: Group 1 presented significantly lower CAP (p<0.001) and amplification index (p<0.002), as well as higher values of augmentation index
(p<0.001), than the control group. Group 2 presented significantly higher
heart rate compared to healthy children (p<0.004), but no differences in
CAP parameters were observed.
Conclusion: Before GH treatment, cardiovascular immaturity was expressed by low CAP, which normalized during therapy. Arterial stiffness
measured using augmentation index showed an increase during GH treatment.
37
Mirna Dzubur, Azra Bahtic, Edin Begic, Semir Hrvo

Medical faculty, University of Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
Background: One of the main complications of radioiodine (I-131) therapy
in patients with thyrotoxicosis is the occurrence of hypothyroidism up to a
few years after treatment. Various factors can determine patient's response to radioiodine therapy (RAI therapy). The aim of this study was to
evaluate the influence of thyroid gland volume and dose of radioactive
iodine on the occurrence of hypothyroidism one year after radioiodine
treatment.
Methods: The medical records of 120 patients, who underwent radioiodine
treatment between January 2004 and September 2014, were retrospectively analyzed. The administered dose of radioactive iodine, thyroid gland
volume and thyroid hormone levels before treatment and one year after
treatment, were evaluated.
Results: 83% of patients were female. Mean age was 55,5 (31-81, SD10,66) years. 19 (15,8%) patients had positive autoantibodies (Graves
disease) and 101 (84,2%) had negative autoantibodies. Thyroid gland
volume was estimated by use of ultrasound and hypothyroidism was found
in 28% of patients with a volume <25 ml and in 30% of patients with a
volume >35 ml (Pearson coefficient r-0,51, p<0,05). In patients treated with
a dose of radioiodine >20mCi, hypothyroidism was found in 66,6% of
patients (RR-2,29, p<0,05).
Conclusion: Thyroid gland volume prior to treatment does not influence
the appearance of hypothyroidism after RAI treatment. Early hypothyroidism is more common in patients treated with a dose of I-131 greater than
20 mCi. Therefore, the administered I-131 dose can be a valuable prognostic parameter in determining whether the patient will go into hypothyroid
state after RAI therapy or not.
38
Milad Alimohammadi, soheyla Honary

Andreea Maria Pascutoi1, Rares Georgescu2, Adina Cristina Friciu2
Mazandaran University Of medical science, Iran
University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Targu Mures,Targu Mures,Romania; 2The First Surgical Clinic, The Mures County Clinical Hospital,Targu Mures,Romania
Introduction: Biofabrication by using fungi is an exciting recent interest to

develop an eco-friendly production of metallic nanoparticles for pharmaceutical applications. This study aimed to synthesize and characterize Au
nanoparticles by using Penicillium talaromycose.
Background (aim of study): This study aimed to assess the need for
combining the two techniques (blue dye and radionuclide technique) to
detect sentinel lymph nodes (SLN) and to compare the accuracy of these
two methods.
Methods: The fungus Penicillium talaromycose was grown in fluid czapek

dox broth on shaker at 28 C and 200 rpm for ten days. Then the supernatant was separated from the mycelia to convert AuCl4 solution into nano
-gold particles. After 24 hours, synthesized gold nanoparticles were characterized by using UV-Visible Spectroscop, PCS (Photon Correlation
Spectroscopy), Zeta potential, SEM (Scanning Electron Microscopy), AFM
(Atomic Force Microscopy) and FT-IR (Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy).
Methods: This study comprises 67 patients with early breast cancer who
underwent sentinel node biopsy by combining the two methods: radionuclide and blue dye technique. We conducted a prospective non-randomized
study by comparing the results of the two techniques: the total number of
excised lymph nodes and the number of positive lymph nodes in order to
determine the accuracy of the two methods.
Results: The UV-Visible Spectroscopy analysis revealed a plasmon bond

peak around 560nm suggesting formation of nanoparticles. The SEM, AFM
and PCS showed that the gold nanoparticles were formed fairly uniform
with spherical shape and good monodispersity with the average diameter
under 100nm. Besides, a negative zeta potential were found for nanoparticles indicating their stability in solution. The FT-IR spectra revealed the
presence of different functional groups to gold nanoparticles which were
present in the fungal extract.
Results: When using the radionuclide method we managed to detect an

average number of 2.21 lymph nodes and 0.84 lymph nodes with methylen
blue technique, which represents a statistically significant difference
(p=0.0001). We also achieved a significant difference regarding the average number of positive lymph nodes that was of 0.33 for the radionuclide
and 0.07 for the methylen blue technique (p=0.0156). Therefore we obtained the following results: sensitivity=91.80%, specificity=87.06% and
accuracy of the two methods=33.77%.
Conclusion: The current approach suggests that the rapid synthesis of

nanoparticles would be proper for developing a biological process for mass
scale production. We believe that development of eco-friendly process for
the formulation of metallic nanoparticles is an important step in the field of
application of nanotechnology.
Conclusions: Sentinel lymph node biopsy using the radionuclide technique has significantly higher accuracy in terms of total number and number
of positive lymph nodes than the methylen blue technique. The combined
use of both techniques presents no major advantages and is indicated
only during the learning curve. The exclusive use of vital dye is not recommended because of the risk of understaging.
Clarina Wieser
Alexandra Kristin Perras1,2, Andreas Klingl3, Gerhard Wanner3, Alexander Josef Probst4, Christine Moissl-Eichinger1,5
Medical University Graz, Austria;
Medical University of Graz, Department for Internal Medicine, Austria; 2University of Regensburg, Department for Microbiology and Archaea
Center, Germany; 3Biocenter LMU Munich, Department of Biology I, Germany; 4Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, USA; 5BioTechMed Graz, Austria;
Background: On ultrasound Intima-media-thickness (IMT) of the carotid

artery serves a parameter for cardio-vascular disease. Since functional
changes occur earlier than morphological alterations, there is the hypothesis that a decrease in vessel flexibility could occur before IMT starts to
increase.
Understanding the habitability of Mars demands a deep understanding of

the occurrence of microbial life in extreme terrestrial environments. Collecting of anaerobic microorganisms thriving in Mars analogue sites and the
investigation of their response to stress also experienced on Mars is thus
the major aim of the EU- project MASE (Mars analogues for space exploration). Several sampling sites with Mars-like conditions were chosen to
investigate the microbial community, cultivate novel anaerobic microbes
and characterize the geochemical setting. Earths subsurface in particular
harbors vastly unknown microbial life and thus provides a tremendous
potential to explore novel microbial taxa and microbial features. As one
example, the yet uncultivated archaeon Candidatus Altiarchaeum hamiconexum thriving in sulfurous freshwater aquifers was chosen. It exhibits
an unusual and unique ultrastructure and life style: The coccoid cells form
highly pure archaeal biofilms and are connected to each other by filamentous cell surface appendages named hami - barbed-wire like filaments
ending in a nano-grappling hook. These nano-tools anchor in the organisms double membrane and are extremely stable with respect to temperature and pH extremes. By combining several -omic techniques, the major
hamus forming protein species and the corresponding gene was retrieved:
One hamus thread is most-likely self-assembled by one protein species
with a weight of 97kDa encoded by ~3000 bp long gene. The hamus encoding gene is intended to be expressed recombinantly in suitable hosts
(e.g. E.coli and Bacillus sp.) in order to obtain a high amount of hami structured filaments- probably highly valuable tools for biotechnology.
The purpose of the study was to assess and compare IMT by carotid artery
ultrasound as well as the vessel flexibility in normals and volunteers with
cardio-vascular riskfactors (CVR-F).
Methods: 30 people (18 to 35y) - 15 healthy and 15 with CVR-F. On Ultrasound IMT was measured by B-Mode-Ultrasonography and from color
doppler transversal carotid artery sequences the minimal cross-sectional
(Min-Area) as well as the maximum one (Max-Area) were obtained and the
vessel flexibility index (VFI) calculated in the following way: Min-Area*100/
Max-Area.
Results: In healthy volunteers mean and standard deviation of IMT:
0.420.046mm and VFI: 0.220.039% could be estimated as compared to
those with CVR_F IMT: 0.490.06mm VFI: 0.180.038% IMT and VFI in
both groups statistically significant p<0.05).
Conclusion: VFI could separate normals from those with CVR-F with
comparable perforamance to IMT. Larger studies are needed to assess,
which parameter is more sensitve and detects cardio-vascular disease
earlier.
39
Ramona Baumgartner1, Birgit Teubl2, Carolin Tetyczka2, Eva Roblegg2

1
Research Center Pharmaceutical Engineering Graz GmbH, Austria; 2Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutical
Technology, University of Graz, Austria
Lukas Stastny1, Markus Kofler1, Sebastian Johannes Reinstadler2,

Thomas Schachner1, Juliane Kilo1, Margaretha Rammer1, Guy
Friedrich2, Dominik Wiedemann3, Ludwig Mller1, Michael Grimm1,
Johannes Bonatti4, Nikolaos Bonaros1
The oral cavity displays an attractive route in drug administration that is not
associated with gastric transit and hepatic first pass metabolism. However,
physicochemical properties such as poor water solubility of pharmaceutical
active ingredients often result in low permeability and thus, poor bioavailability. Hence, an ample body of research exists to enhance solubility,
such as salt formation or particle size reduction into the nanometer scale.
Specifically, the latter one has attracted much research interest in the past
decade.
Department of Cardiac Surgery, Medical University of Innsbruck, Austria; 2University

Clinic of Interna l Medicine III, Cardiology and Angiology, Medical University of Innsbruck;3Department of Cardiac Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna,
Austri; 4Heart and Vascular Insti tute, Cleveland Clinic Abu Dhabi , Abu Dhabi, United
Arab Emirates
This study aimed at developing a stable aqueous nano-suspension of the

model compound phenytoin via wet media milling using various stabilizers.
The nano-suspensions were carefully characterized regarding hydrodynamic particle sizes, crystallinity and dissolution characteristics. The permeability of bulk- and nano-phenytoin through a buccal in-vitro as well as
ex-vivo model was investigated and the apparent permeability coefficients
were determined. Moreover, cell viability and cytotoxicity studies were
conducted. The addition of Tween 80 (used as stabilizer) resulted in a
stable crystalline nano-suspension with a mean hydrodynamic particle size
of 330 nm. Dissolution studies revealed an improved solubility behavior
compared to the bulk material. The enhanced solubility characteristics
further impacted the permeability, as the diffusion coefficient (dQ/dt, g/s)
of nano-sized phenytoin was 1.4-fold higher. Cytotoxicity and cell viability
studies demonstrated that bulk- and nano-phenytoin exhibited no harmful
effects on buccal cells.
It can be concluded that crystalline nano-suspensions are a promising tool
for safe drug administration via the oral cavity.
Rebekka Prokschi, Liudmila Nikitina, Gottfried Dohr, Herbert Juch

Introduction: Nanotechnology provides novel perspectives for several
fields including the pharmaceutical industry. Dendritic polyglycerols have
emerged as novel polymeric scaffolds and have demonstrated a great
potential for various biomedical applications. In the study the chargedependent uptake of dendritic polyglycerol nanoparticles (NPs) as well as
their potential toxic effect on early human placenta were investigated.
Materials and methods: Placental explants from early pregnancy were
cultivated according to standard procedures in culture medium with 10%
FBS. Additionally, cultivation and exposure to NPs was performed in human AB serum to model a physiological protein environment. Neutral,
negatively and positively charged polyglycerol NPs (~5nm, fluorescent/
biotinylated) were applied. Paraffin sections of exposed placentas were
analysed by fluorescent and light microscopy. LDH concentration in culture
medium was measured by ELISA.
Results: Biotinylated NPs showed higher sensitivity for evaluation of NPs
localisation. Positively and negatively charged polyglycerol NPs revealed a
significant uptake at a 10-3M concentration, although we did not observe
the transfer of NPs towards the placental villi. The uptake of NPs was
dramatically decreased by cultivating in pure human AB serum. We did not
reveal any acute cytotoxicity in exposed placental explants or cells, based
on LDH measurements.
Conclusion: Polyglycerol NPs do not seem to cross the placental barrier
of early human placenta, in detectable amounts, although negatively and
positively charged NPs are able to enter outer layer of placental barrier
without signs of acute cytotoxicity. Presence of serum proteins in concentrations closer to physiological seems to modify NPs and significantly
decrease their uptake.
40
Hannah Deborah Schnitzlein1, Eva Maria Trapp. MD. PhD1, Bence

Csapo. MD2, Josef Wilhelm Egger. Prof. PhD1
Bianca Raffaelli1, Jrgen Gallinat2

1
Charit Universittsmedizin Berlin, Germany; 2University Medical Centre

Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), Germany
University Clinic of Medical Psychology and Psychotherapie Research

Unit of Behavioral Medicine, Health Psychology and Empirical Psychosomatics Medical University of Graz; 2University Clinic of Obstetrics and
Gynecology Medical University of Graz
The proper interpretation of emotions is essential for an adequate social

life. The ability to recognize facial expressions develops gradually in the
course of life and shows age- and sex-related differences. While previous
research focused mainly on adult cohorts, we examined sex differences in
face recognition during adolescence, a phase of life characterized by very
high emotional reactivity.
Objective: In light of the biopsychosocial model, our aim was to describe

the effect of physical activity during pregnancy as well as other psychosocial resilience factors on the psychological system level. We investigated
stress coping strategies and the social support profile, for relevance of
physical activity in pregnancy to stress-related variables.
We examined 1617 14-year-old adolescents, recruited as part of the IMAGEN study, a European multicenter research project on mental being of
young people. The ability of face emotion detection was measured with the
Morphed Faces Task (IDENT); thereby, the subjects were shown pictures
of faces expressing happiness, sadness, fear and anger with varying
degree of severity. For each picture, subjects were asked to indicate between two given emotions which one they found most suitable.
Methods: In our pilot study we examined 36 healthy women in the 2nd

trimester using a stress coping strategy questionnaire in a standardized
testing procedure and non-standardized variables of social support through
an interview and questionnaire.
Results: Of the 36 women we could categorize 22 as high and 14 as low
physically active women. We found that women with low physical activity
tended to see their partner support more positively than their physically
active counterparts (p=0.01). In addition our research showed a positivity
bias among all women in the individual reflection of their personal social
support, which demonstrated itself through a leftward shift of the distribution of answers on the social support questionnaire. Additional analysis of
the population portrayed interactions of age, parity, gravity, time in gestation and complications in pregnancy with improved stress coping.
We detected that boys opted significantly more often for fear and sadness
than girls, when they had to choose between one of those emotions and
happiness. On the contrary, when the choice was between two negative
emotions, we could not find any sex-related difference.
On the one hand, the more frequent detection of negative emotions in
faces by boys could explain their higher aggressiveness rates in this age
group. On the other hand, it might mean that girls identify more often positive emotions, which may correlate with their higher rates of optimism,
presented in other studies. Further research is needed in order to verify
these explanatory approaches and to understand the biopsychosocial
reasons for those sex-related differences.
Conclusions: Though we could not confirm the hypothesis that physical

activity in pregnancy is accompanied by a positive perception of social
support we found that low physically active pregnant women in our research show a higher satisfaction of their partner support. All women in the
individual interview had a tendency to rate emotional support as the most
important form of support for pregnant women.
Boonsub Sakboonyarat1, Monai Meesaeng1, Kritchaporn Chokcharoensap1, Nattapong Jaisue1, Dusit Janthayanont2, Phutsapong Srisawat3
ASTRIT M. Gashi1, FEHMI ZEQIRI2

1
University Clinical Center of Kosovo, Kosovo; 2Obstetrician and Gynecological Clinic (OGC) Prishtina
th yr. Medical Cadet, Phramongkutklao College of Medicine, Thailand;

Department of Family Medicine, Phramongkutklao College of Medicine,
Thailand; 3Department of Orthopedic surgery, Phramongkutklao College
of Medicine, Thailand
2
Aim: The awareness rate among women in Kosovo on Pap test screening
for cervical cancer should be determined.
Material and Methods: The research was a cross-sectional study, which
was framed based on a questionnaire, which was completed by the participants in this research. The sample of the research is composed by 500
women of ages 21 to 65 years old, divided into categories as: women
instructed for Pap test; teachers; students; women from rural and urban
areas who had only elementary education.
Low back pain (LBP) is one of musculoskeletal problems in adolescent

around the world including Thailand. The symptom affects their daily life if
they are left untreated. The information of LBP in Thailand was limited. A
preliminary survey in a Ayutthaya province by the Department of Family
Medicine, Phramongkutklao College of Medicine revealed that LBP was
common in this community too. The present study was aimed to determine
the prevalence and the associated factors of LBP in this population. The
findings from this study are crucial for planning and developing the strategy
and intervention for proper managements of LBP in adolescent.
Results: 354 women (n=500) or 70.8 % did not know what Pap test is
about, whereas 146 women, or 29.2% did not know it at all. Out of all
categories of women that knew about Pap test, the most informed were
teachers, with 30.14%, students, with 25.34%, women instructed for Pap
test, with19.17%, women with elementary education from cities with
14.38%, and women with elementary education from villages with 10.97%.
302 women (n=500), or 60.4% declared that they had not never taken Pap
test before, whereas 198 women, or 39.6% had taken the Pap test at least
once in their life.434 women (n=500), or 86.8 % declared that they had not
had any information about Pap test from their doctor, whereas 66 women,
or 13.2% were informed in details about the importance of Pap test.
A Cross-sectional study was conducted at Phra Nakhon Si Ayutthaya

Province, Thailand between 30 November- 4 December 2014. Standardized questionnaires were used to collect the demographic data and associated factors from students.
4,162 valid questionnaires were received including 2,445 (58.7%) from
male respondents and 1,717 (41.3%) from female respondents. The secondary school students in this study showed LBP rates of 26.6% respectively, and the prevalence was influenced by the students grade, use of
digital products, and daily activities, these factors affected the rates of LBP
to varying degrees. The multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed
that gender, age, grade, smartphone use, history of accident related LBP,
transportations to school, desk height, frequency of weekly exercise and
seat in class.
Conclusions: From our research, we conclude that the rate of awareness

among women in Kosovo, on Pap test screening for cervical cancer, is low.
Around 70.8% of women in Kosovo do not know what Pap test is about.
41
Alexander Sanders, Celia Taylor

University of Birmingham, United Kingdom, United Kingdom
42
Dora Csengeri1, Katharina Marsoner1, Langeder Rainer1, Schllnast

Helmut2, Mischinger Hans-Joerg1, Kornprat Peter1
Andre Alexander Barth, Christina Forstner, Elisabeth Presterl, Gerald

Ihra, Gabriela Muschitz, Chieh-Han Tzou, Thomas Rath, Alexandra
Fochtmann, Vera Vorstandlechner, Michael Bollinger
Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery,Medical University of

Graz, Austria; 2Divison of General Radiological Diagnostics,Medical University of Graz, Austria
Allgemeines Krankenhaus der Stadt Wien, Klinische Abteilung fr Plastische und Rekonstruktive Chirurgie
Aim: To review the outcome of resected IPMNs of the pancreas and identify clinical and pathological prognostic features.
Background: Acinetobacter baumannii and Staphylococcus aureus cause

more blood stream infections in intensive- care burn units than any other
pathogen. The target of this survey is to identify risk factors of Acinetobacter- related bacteraemia of intensive- care burn patients.
Methods: Prospectively collected, retrospective review of a single center

cohort of 54 patients with IPMN who underwent pancreatic resection between January 2000 and December 2013 at the Department of General
Surgery of the Medical University of Graz. The patients were grouped into
noninvasive and invasive IPMN and compared for demographics, clinicopathological findings and outcome.
Methods: The study included all patients, who were treated between 2003
and 2014 at the intensive- care burn unit at the Medical University of Vienna. Non- intensive-care patients were excluded from this survey, as well
as those with an ABSI-Score 3, a TBSA lower than 10% and Patients
younger than 12 years. To identify possible risk factors, microbiological
culture results of blood samples, tip of the central venous catheter, wound
swab, urine and bronchial secretion were analyzed using regression analysis.
Results: Twenty-four of the patients exhibited noninvasive and thirty an

invasive IPMN. Mean age was 67 (11) years, 43% female. Surgical
strategies included pancreaticoduodenectomy (n=30), distal pancreatectomy (n=13) or total pancreatectomy (n=11).The median follow up was 42
(range 0 127) months; 1-, 5- and 10-year overall survival was 87%; 84%
and 51%, respectively. The overall survival rates for noninvasive IPMN
were significantly better than those for invasive IPMN (p=0.008).Significant
predictors of poor outcome included positive lymph nodes, perineural and
lympovascular invasion (p<0.0001; p <0.0001 and p=0.001; respectively).
Furthermore those patients with an elevated CA19-9 >37U/l as well as
elevated lipase >60 U/l had worse survival compared with those with normal level (p=0-009 and p=0-018; respectively).
Results: 472 Patients have been included in this study. Acinetobacter spp.
has been proven contaminating the samples of 7/472 (1,5%) patients. The
ABSI- score (7 vs. 10, p=0.029) and TBSA (25% vs. 55%, p=0,024) of
Acinetobacter- positive patients were significantly higher. Acinetobacter
colonized the CVC- tip in 4 out of 7 patients (57% vs. 2%, p=<0,001),
whereas the wound swab was Acinetobacter- colonized in 4 out of 7 patients, too (57% vs.7%, p=<0,001). Patients, who are transferred from
abroad to the intensive- care burn unit have an increased risk to contract
an Acinetobacter- bacteraemia (3/7, 43% vs. 3%, p=<0,001).
Conclusion: Long-term outcome after pancreatic resection for noninvasive

IPMN is excellent. While the main duct IPMNs should be resected, the
branch duct neoplasms may be maintained under observation, in absence
of the worrisome features.
Conclusion: Intensive- care burn patients with a higher ABSI- Score, a

colonized CVC- tip and a positive wound swab have an increased risk in
developing an Acinetobacter- related bacteraemia.
Micha Matuszewski, Maciej Liszka, Marcin Maciejewski, Agnieszka

Gonciarska, Emil Jdrzejewski, Piotr Dbek, Krzysztof Panik
Warsaw Military Institute of Medicine, Poland
Introduction: Surgical treatment of obesity is currently the only effective
treatment for patients with obesity and the diseases which are the consequence of obesity. Overweight and obesity are associated with increased
risk of type 2 diabetes, hypertension, cardiovascular disease, dyslipidemia
and gallstone disease.
Aim: The purpose of this study was to analyse and compare metabolic
parameteres and other factors before and 6 months after operation: total
cholesterol, triglycerides, blood glucose levels, BMI, systolic and diasystolic blood pressure, taste, sweets consumption and occurence of gallstone
disease.
Material and methods: This study involved 188 patients admitted to
Surgery Department in 2013, who underwent bariatric surgeries. All of the
parameteres were checked before and 6 months after operation. Furthermore special questionnaire have been created and patients were interviewed about changes in their dietary habits after operation. Statistical
analysis was performed.
Results: In the population of 188 analyzed patients (102 men and 86
women), 124 were operated using sleeve gastrectomy, 56 using gastric
banding and 18 using adjustable silicon gastric banding. The median of
weight before operation was 138. Average weight was 136,13 and 6
months after operation average weight was reduced to 106. Average blood
pressure dicreased from 142/88 mmHg before operation to 128/82mmHg
after operation. Similarly levels of blood glucose, total cholesterol and
triglycerydes were obeserved as reduced.
Conclusion: A significant reduction of weight as a result of surgical treatment of obesity has positive impact on patient health and leads to regression of secondary hypertension and comorbidites.
43
Ines Anders1, Martin Asslaber1, Nicole Golob-Schwarzl1, Iris

Halbwedl1, Margit Gogg-Kamerer1, Mohamed Al Effah1, Jens Hoffmann2, Jana Rolff2, Helmut Popper1, Johannes Haybaeck1
Sran Nikolovski
Medical Faculty Belgrade, Serbia
Introduction: Chronic lymphocytic leukemia is malignant proliferation of
patologic lymphocytes with variable expression of surface molecules.
Manifestations are usually consequence of accumulation of pathologic
cells and suppression of function of residual normal cells.
Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria; 2Experimental Pharmacology & Oncology Berlin - Buch, Germany
Background: Regulation of mRNA translation mainly occurs at the initiation step, which requires the interaction of many eukaryotic initiation factors (eIFs). Dysregulation may lead to abnormal gene expression possibly
resulting in uncontrolled cell growth and cancer formation. Due to few data
on the role of eIFs in lung carcinogenesis we evaluated the eIF protein
expression profile in lung carcinomas.
Aim: Determination of significance and influence of comorbidity indexes on

course and outcome of disease in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia.
Material and methods: The survey included 115 patients with chronic
lymphocytic leukemia treated at Clinic of Hematology, Clinical center of
Serbia, in the period 2001-2011. Parameters as clinical stadiums, levels of
lactat-dehidrogenase and 2-microglobulin, percentage of CD38+ cells,
bone marrow infiltration and comorbidity indexes are compared with period
of survival and outcome of disease by using univariate, multivariate and
Cox regression analyses.
Methods: The protein expression levels of eIFs and several members of

the mammalian Target of Rapamycin (mTOR) pathway were determined
using Western Blot analysis on 18 Xenograft mouse models, representing
the main entities of lung carcinomas (adenocarcinoma, squamous cell
carcinoma, large cell carcinoma, pleomorphic carcinoma, small cell lung
cancer). Immunohistochemistry for the eIF subunits 2, 3p110, 3h, 3m, 4e
and 6 was performed on tissue micro arrays (TMAs), containing primary
lung cancer and metastasis cases of a total of 718 patients.
Results: Values of 2-microglobulin 3 mg/dL or larger and ACE-27 comorbidity index larger of 1 showed high significance by showing larger percent
of deaths. New 2M-ACE-27 score was determined as good prognostic
factor with statistically significant differences in comparison with course
and outcome of disease and with statistically significant connection of high
values of that score with larger percent of deaths in patients with chronic
lymphocytic leukemia.
Results: Western Blot analysis of xenograft tumor specimen revealed a

significant up-regulation of p70S6K, phospho-PTEN, eIF 3j and 4E-BP1
compared to control. We observed an expression of phospho-mTOR, eIF
3A, eIF 3B, eIF 3p110, eIF 3k and eIF 4G compared to no signal in controls. Western Blot analysis confirmed the results of immunohistochemistry
with eIF4e being upregulated at least 1, 5-fold and variable expression
patterns of eIF 3p110.
Conclusions: Factors with significant predictive value on course and

outcome of disease of patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia are
values of 2-microglobulin and ACE-27 score, use of fludarabine in first
therapy line as well as new defined 2M-ACE-27 score.
Conclusion: Our findings indicate a major contribution of eIFs to lung

cancer. Specific eIF subunits are differentially expressed in various lung
cancer entities which might explain their biological behaviour.
Angelika Babuskov
Pavle Zoran Banovi
Medical University of Novi Sad, Serbia
Medical Faculty University Novi Sad, Serbia
Hypercalcemia is the major metabolic complication of the malignancy and

often it requires urgent treatment. We examined the influence of sex, age,
histopathological diagnosis, receptor status in breast cancer patients, the
significance of clinical and laboratory parameters on outcome of patients.
The study included 60 patients who had a total of 72 episodes of hypercalcemia, treated with the combination of parenteral hydration, diuretic therapy and Zoledronic acid. The examination included patients with diagnosed malignant disease who has serum calcium levels over 3mmol/L.
Response to therapy was defined as lowering serum calcium levels below
3mmol/L within 5 days with a patients survival rate for more than 10 days.
Introduction: Cell culture -21/13 today is used for production vaccines against rabies, because of characteristics like spontaneous tumorogenesis it may present reliable model for research in experimental oncology. Mebendazole has been recently proved to be effective against some
types of tumors in vivo as in vitro.
The Aim: The aim of this experiment is studying fibrosarcoma inducted by
inoculation of cell culture BHK-21/C13 as a model of local tumor for testing
antitumor drugs, and investigating potential antitumor effects of mebendazole on inducted fibrosarcoma.
We used the standard statistical analysis: median, range of values, standard deviation, Pearsons correlation coefficient and Kaplan Meier curves
with Log Rang test. Correlation between characteristics two survival curves
was shown using the method. We notes a positive correlation that exists
between elevated levels of creatinine values (ANOVA: F = 7.801, p =
0.001), alkaline phosphatase (ANOVA: F = 5.455, p =0.023) , negative
correlation hemoglobin level (ANOVA: F = 5.135, p = 0.027) level of calcium in the blood. The percentage of complete response to therapy was
achieved in 71.2 % of patients. Median survival from the diagnosis of
hypercalcemia is 31 days. Patients with level of lactate dehydrogenase
below 480 IU/L (p<0.05), absence of metastases outside the bone
(p<0.01) and ECOG performance status of 0 or 1 (p<0.05), had a longer
survival. The other parameters did not affect survival.
Materials and methods: Adult Syrian golden hamsters were inoculated

with a suspension of tumorogenic baby hamster kidney (BHK) cells by
subcutaneous injection. On day 5 after inoculation, 30% of LD50 doses for
small rodents of mebendazole were given orally for 6 days, and the same
dose of mebendazole suspended in 10% dimethyl sulfoxide were injected
intraperitoneally into the one group of hamsters for 3 days. 19 days after
inoculation of BHK cells animals were sacrificed and samples of tumor
were excised, processed, described and analyzed.
Results: Experimental groups with oral application of mebendazole were
shown regressive changes in tumor volume, tumor cell structure and organization, while named characteristic of experimental group with intraperitoneal application of mebendazole showed smallest differences from tumors in control group.
Hypercalcemia is a fatal complication of the malignancy. Patients without

visceral metastases, low lactic dehydrogenase levels, and low ECOG
performance status have a longer survival chance with appropriate therapy.
Conclusion: Model of inducted fibrosarcoma has been shown as highly

reproducible, with local infiltration and high level of expression and virulence. Mebendazole has been showed clear antitumor effect via oral application.
44
Georgina Isabell Alber, Thomas Huber, Jan Bauer, Claus Zimmer

Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universitt Mnchen, Germany
Tamara Ivkovska
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common malignant primary braintumor.

Mean-age at diagnosis is 64 years, survival is about 15 months. Standard
therapy of GBM includes surgery, radiation- and chemotherapy. Postoperative monitoring of tumor volume using MRI is a critical factor to detect
recurrent disease. Semi-automated volumetric measurements of contrastenhancing-tissue and tumor-associated-edema could be an objective
quantity in tumor-treatment.
The main objective was to determine the reproducibility. A second aim was
to assess the relationship of contrast enhancement to tumor edema in
recurring disease.
Institute of Patgology, Macedonia,

Introduction: Carcinoma of the breast is the most common malignancy of
women in Macedonia. The current study was conducted with the objective
of assessing estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR) and HER
-2/neu status of mammary cancers for correlation with histological grade,
tumor size and lymph node metastasis.
Materials and methods: One hundred and fifty mastectomy specimens
with invasive breast carcinomas were analyzed.
This on-going, retrospective study includes patients with GBM and minimum three follow-up-MR-scans performed in 2013/2014. We analysed 30
patients (8, mean age=58 15, mean scans=5 1,7). Semi-automated
volumetric measurements were performed by using the tool
Smartbrush(Brainlab, Feldkirchen). Interreader variability was assessed
by three different observer groups (neuroradiologists, medical students,
non-medicals) with 4 observers each, everyone segmenting 8 MR-scans
(including contrast enhancements and perifocal changes). Reproducibility
errors were assessed using inter-class-correlation coefficients. In each
follow-up-scan, contrast-enhancing tumor volume was measured in a T1weighted-MP-Rage-sequence (isotropic 1mm, -/+contrast agent) and
associated edema in an isotropic FLAIR-(fluid-attenuated-inversionrecovery)-sequence.
Results: Tumor size ranged from 0.3 to 8.0 cm; 12% were 2.0 and 35.3%
were 5.0 cm in diameter. The predominant morphology was infiltrating
ductal carcinoma (85.3%). The majority of the cases presented as grade II
(55.3%) and lymph node involvement (60.3%). ER and PR were positive in
73.7% and 65.3% cases respectively. HER-2/neu was positive (3+) in
20.7%. ER and PR expression were decreased significantly in HER-2+
tumors compared with HER-2 tumors (ER, 46.1% vs 74.1%; PR, 26.3%
vs 55.3%). HER-2 was positive in 11.7% of grade 2 and 28.4% of grade 3
ductal carcinomas and negative in all grade 1 ductal carcinomas. HER-2
over-expression or amplification essentially was limited to grades 2 and 3
ductal carcinomas and correlated inversely with ER or PR expression.
Conclusion: ER and PR expression in breast cancers in the current study
was found to be comparable to published international data. Assessment
of prognostic markers for the clinical management of breast cancer patients is strongly advocated to provide best therapeutic options.
Preliminary statistics showed inter-class-correlation coefficients were 0,99

for each group. The relative-root-mean-square-error was 19% in associated edema and 10% in contrast enhancement. In general an increase of
contrast-enhancement goes along with an increase of the associatededema-changes. In at least 6/30cases associated-edema-changes could
be detected earlier than contrast-enhancement.
Semi-automated volumetry provides a reproducible volumetric assessment. This could be a helpful tool to detect recurrences earlier and more
precise than pure visual evaluation.
45
Nikola R. Blagojevic1, Vera Celic2

1
Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade; 2Clinical-Hospital Center " Dr
Dragisa Misovic- Dedinje", Belgrade; Faculty of Medicine, University of
Belgrade
Mostafa Jafari1, Naseh Pahlavani2, Masoud Rezaei Rezaei3, Hamid

Rasad2, Omid Sadeghi2, Hossein Ali Rahdar4, Mohammad Hasan
Entezari5
1
Student Research Committee, Arak University of Medical Science, Arak, Iran; 2Food Security Research
Center, Department of Clinical Nutrition, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran; 3Faculty
of Nursing and Midwifery, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan,
Iran; 4Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan,
Iran; 5Food Security Research Center and Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food
Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
Background: Diabetes mellitus type II (DM) is common comorbidity in

heart failure (HF) patients. N-type prohormone natriuretic peptide (NTproBNP) correlates with severity of HF and is shown to be an useful predictor of outcome in HF patients. It is still unclear whether DM and glycoregulation are associated with worse prognosis in these patients. The
purpose of the study was to investigate the predictive values of DM, glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and NT-proBNP for one-year survival in
patients with acute HF (AHF).
Introduction: The effect of L-arginine on risk factors of cardiovascular

diseases (CVD) has mostly focused on western countries. Since cardiovascular diseases is the second cause of death in Iran and, as far as we
are aware, there have been no studies about the effect of L-arginine on
CVD risk factors. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of
low-dose L-arginine supplementation on CVD risk factors (lipid profile,
blood sugar and blood pressure) in Iranian healthy men.
Methods: The study included 102 patients (63.7% male, mean age: 71.5
years) hospitalized for AHF, New York Heart Association (NYHA) functional class II and III. NT-proBNP and HbA1c were measured on admission
and standard echocardiography was performed. The endpoint was death
within one year after hospitalization. Descriptive statistics, correlations and
logistic regression analysis were used for statistics.
Material & methods: We conducted a double-blind randomized controlled

trial in 56 patients selected from sport clubs at the Isfahan University of
Medical Science between November 2013 and December 2013. Healthy
men received L-arginine supplementation (2000 mg daily) in the intervention group or placebo (2000 mg maltodextrin daily) in the control group for
45 days. The primary outcome measures were the levels of fasting blood
sugar, blood pressure and lipid profile including triglyceride (TG), cholesterol, LDL and HDL in healthy subjects.
Results: During one year 29 patients (28.4%) died. DM was present in 54

patients (52.9%), mean HbA1c was 6.6%, median for ln(NT-proBNP) was
3.53. Among age, gender, left ventricular ejection fraction, chronic renal
failure, DM, HbA1c, only NT-proBNP correlated with worse outcome (p =
0.034). According to logistic regression analysis, adjusted for mentioned
variables, only NT-proBNP was an independent predictor of one year
survival (p = 0.020, OR 5.82).
Results: In this trial, we had complete data for 52 healthy participants with
mean age of 20.854.29 years. At the end of study, fasting blood sugar
(P=0.001) and lipid profile (triglycerideTG (P<0.001), cholesterol
(P<0.001), LDL (P=0.04), HDL (P=0.015)) decreased in the L-arginine
group but we found no significant change in the placebo group. In addition,
the reduction of fasting blood sugar and lipid profile in L-arginine was
significant compared with placebo group. No significant changes were
found about systolic (P=0.81) and diastolic blood pressure either in Larginine or placebo group. (P=0.532).
Conclusion: NT-proBNP is strong independent predictor of one year

survival in patients with AHF, while DM and glycoregulation show no predictive value.
Impact on medicine: The results of the study may help in detecting the
patients with higher risk of worse outcome, so they can be properly followed and treated.
Conclusion: The use of L-arginine significantly improved outcomes compared to placebo.
Alexandra Bolsheva1, Natella Amineva1, Pavel Khochunsky2
Valentyna Romanova
NNSMA,Nizhny Novgorod State Medical Academy, Russian Federation; 2PFUR, People's Friendship University of Russia, Russian Federation;
Vinnytsya National Pirogov Memorial Medical University, Ukraine

Atherosclerosis is the main pathological processes affecting coronary
vessels; lipid exchange violation is the most significant risk factor of its
development. Nonspecific systemic inflammation also plays a significant
role in formation of atherosclerotic plaques. The aim of the research was to
evaluate the role of inflammation in the atherogenesis and its connection
with lipid profile changes.
Background: Sudden cardiac death (SCD) remains one of the most difficult problems in cardiology. First of all, it refers to the identification of risk
factors of SCD and diagnosis of life-threatening arrhythmias, including
patients with implantable pacemakers and implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICDs).
Monitoring of the ICDs functioning is very important for the prevention of
SCD. The aim of research is to explore the capability of new technologies
MedtronicCareLinkNetwork of registering and remoting data transmission
from patients with ICDs Medtronic.
65 CHD patients were observed, including 22 with II functional class (FC)

and 23 with III FC of stable and 20 with unstable angina. The control group
included 30 men. Criteria of inflammation were C-reactive protein (CRP)
and tumor necrosis factor (TNF-). We found the increase LDL-cholesterol
level, decrease HDL-cholesterol level, and a tendency to increased levels
of triglycerides and VLDL-cholesterol. Dyslipoproteinemia was detected in
67.69% patients. The difference in the lipid profile, depending on the stable
angina FC, was minor. Proatherogenic changes were more pronounced in
unstable angina patients. Increased CRP and TNF- level was observed in
78.46% and in 61.54% patients accordingly and the most pronounced
increase was also in unstable angina patients. We noted relationship
between inflammatory biomarkers and LDL-C (r=0.32 for CRP and r=0.29
for TNF-), and HDL-C (r=-0.28 and r=-0.25) and association TNF- levels
and triglycerides (r=0.39).
Methods: During the period of 2013-2014 data in 27 patients were analyzed, collected by the system MedtronicCareLinkNetwork, based on cardiac surgery department of NN Clinical Hospital N 5. All the patients had
the implanted device MaximoIICRT-D, Protecta CRT- D. Data OptiVol
Monitoring (an exclusive Medtronic feature allows clinicians to monitor
heart failure) were analyzed.The doctor evaluates the level of activity of
patients activity, heart rate, the stimulation percentage , arrhytmia interventions, clinical management alerts, the incidence of atrial fibrillation and
paroxysmal tachycardia.Results. During the research period 23 CareLinkNetwork alarm (CareAlerts) and 27 reports OptiVol were obtained and
analyzed. The paroxysmal tachycardia was detected in 20 patients, low
battery voltage - in 4, paroxysms of atrial fibrillation - in 9.
Therefore, the development and progression of CHD are associated not

only with lipid metabolism disorders, but also with nonspecific systemic
inflammation. Rate of change of indicators of inflammation exceeds the
frequency of the dyslipoproteinemia. Increase of systemic CRP and TNF-
production can be considered as one of the important determinants of
CHD destabilization.
Conclusion: CareLinkNetwork system in patients with ICDs provides

physicians and patients to use telemedicine effectively. Such monitoring
makes a quick and effective review of the status of a patients heart condition possible for clinicians. OptiVol monitoring is not intended to replace
assessments which are part of standard clinical practice, to predict worsening heart failure.
46
Szilvia Ujfalusi
Ana Djordjevic-Dikic2, Nikola Nenad Boskovic1, Jelena Stepanovic2
University of Debrecen, Hungary
School of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Serbia; 2Cardiology Clinic,

Clinical Centre of Serbia;
Background: Omentin-1 is a recently described adipokine which is primarily expressed by the visceral adipose tissue and has potential insulinsensitizing effects. Circulating omentin-1 levels were reported to correlate
negatively with atherosclerotic complications in patients with metabolic
syndrome. However, data are still lacking on the associations of omentin-1
levels with metabolic and inflammatory parameters or with antioxidant
status (characterized by paraoxonase-1, PON1) in obese individuals without manifest insulin resistance. Therefore, we aimed to analyze these
correlations in obese non-diabetic patients.
Background and Aims: Management of patients with chronic total occlusion (CTO) of RCA and intermediate stenosis of LAD rise dilemma in terms
of selecting best therapy, functional testing and prognosis. The aim was to
determine the prognostic value of non-invasively measured coronary flew
reserve (CFR) in patients with angiographically assessed intermediate
LADstenosis and CTO of RCA during long-term follow-up.
Methods: 44 patients, 647 years (84% male), having LAD stenosis assessed by coronary angiography to be 50-70% and with CTO of RCA were
referred for non-invasive estimation of functional significance of LAD stenosis. Transthoracic Doppler-echocardiography was used to obtain coronary flow velocities in the distal segment of LAD in baseline conditions,
and after the hyperemic stimuli induced with adenosine and the mean
follow-up period was 187.1 month.
Methods: We measured plasma omentin-1 concentrations, CRP levels,

PON1 arylesterase activity and various markers of lipid and glucose homeostasis in obese non-diabetic patients and compared their data with
lean subjects matched in age and gender.
Results: We found no significant difference in plasma omentin-1 levels
between the studied groups. Plasma omentin-1 concentrations correlated
negatively with triglyceride and insulin levels and with HOMA-IR. Also, we
found positive correlations between omentin-1 and HDL-C levels; while
omentin-1 concentration did not show associations with CRP level or with
the antioxidant PON1 arylesterase activity.
Results: Six patients had CFR2(13.6%),while 38 patients had CFR>2

(86.4%).Mean CFR value of 1.90.2 for patients having events was significantly lower, compared to those who were free of events where mean CFR
value was 2.4 0.3(p=0.014).Patients with lower CFR values(CFR2) had
a significantly higher event rate( 4pts,66%) compared to those with CFR>2
(5pts,13%),(p<0.05) during follow-up. Value of the CFR2 was associated
with an increased risk of experiencing events of the composite end point.
By Kaplan-Meier analysis, it was shown that patients having CFR>2 had a
significantly higher survival rate (p<0.007).
Conclusions: Our results suggest that omentin-1 is linked with metabolic

parameters in obese non-diabetic patients and may serve as an early
biomarker of metabolic syndrome even in the absence of manifest insulin
resistance.
Conclusion: CFR provides reliable, precise non-invasive tool for the

assessment of functional severity of LAD disease that carries significant
prognostic information in long-term follow-up of patients with CTO of RCA.
47
Friederike Luise Potz1, Tamussino Karl1, Laky Rene1, Polterauer

Stephan2, Hefler Lukas3
Pablo Zardoya Laguardia, Astrid Blaschitz, Sasa Frank, Ingrid Lang,

Martin Gauster, Peter Sedlmayr
Medical University of Graz, Austria;
Medical University of Graz, Austria; 2Medical University of Vienna, Austria; 3Krankenhaus der Barmherzige Schwestern, Linz, Austria
Introduction: The establishment of an adequate feto-placental circulation

is required for a successful pregnancy. Intrauterine Growth Restriction
(IUGR) is an important cause of fetal mortality and morbidity which has
been associated with an impaired placental blood flow. This blood flow is
mainly controlled by local vasoregulators. Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase-1
(IDO1), a Tryptophan (Trp)-degrading enzyme, might be involved in this
regulation. Indeed, preliminary studies have shown that IDO1 expression is
down-regulated in IUGR placentas. Therefore, we hypothesize that there is
a causal relationship between reduced IDO1 expression in the placental
vasculature and IUGR.
Background: Recent studies indicate that the primary lesion in the development of epithelial ovarian cancer occurs in the fallopian tubes. Anecdotal
evidence suggests that many units are offering incidental salpingectomy
with a prophylactic intent during benign OBGYN surgery. We conducted a
survey to ascertain policies regarding incidental salpingectomy at OBGYN
departments at public hospitals in Austria.
Methods: All 75 public OBGYN units in Austria were contacted for an
online survey (SurveyMonkey). We questioned the policies regarding
incidental salpingectomy during benign OBGYN surgery, including tubal
sterilization and Sectio caesarea.
Methods: IDO1 expression was determined by immunohistochemistry in

villi and chorionic plate arteries from IUGR and control placentas. Moreover, IDO1 mRNA and protein levels were assessed by q-PCR and Western blotting in isolated placental arterial endothelial cells (PLAEC). Vasorelaxation of pre-constricted placental arteries as a measure of IDO1 activity
was assayed by myography in the presence of Trp.
Results 66 out of 75 units responded, counting for a response rate of

88%. 46 of the responding units reported recommending prophylactic
salpingectomies (70%). All units offering incidental salpingectomy did so
with the intention of prophylaxis regarding ovarian cancer (100%). When
performing a sterilization, most of the clinics (71%) use salpingectomy or
fimbriectomy as well. 12/65 clinics (18%) do not recommend the prophylactic salpingectomy. Of those 45% (5/12) are worried about the postoperative ovarian blood supply. 4 clinics state, that they never discussed
any policy regarding prophylactic salpingectomy. Smaller hospitals tend to
be more careful regarding changing their policies than large clinics.
Results: Down-regulation of IDO1 expression was confirmed in IUGR in

comparison with control placentas. At the cellular level, IDO1 expression
was also observed in PLAEC. Regarding IDO1 activity, preliminary results
from myography showed that Trp increased vasorelaxation of placental
arteries, pointing to a role of IDO1 in vascular tone regulation.
Conclusion: IDO1 plays an important role in the regulation of placental
vascular tone and its expression is down-regulated in IUGR placentas.
Thus, IDO1 might be a good therapeutic target in the treatment of IUGR.
Conclusion: The results of this study show that at the end of 2014 most
public units in Austria offered incidental (prophylactic) salpingectomy during benign OBGYN surgery. Differences in policies between hospitals
performing less than 500 surgeries per year, in comparison with larger
hospitals were discovered. The intention of the incidental salpingectomy is
prevention of ovarian cancer.
Nora Woltsche1, Edgar Petru1, Josef Haas1, Tina Idris1, Senta Kurschel-Lackner2, Karl Walsberger1, Michaela Heydar-Fadai1, Karl Tamussino1, Christoph Benedicic1
Verena Reithofer, Anja Ribitsch, Gerlies Treiber
Background: Increasing rates of overweight and obesity are also seen in

patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D). The combination of an excess of
bodyweight and T1D are thought to have a negative effect on metabolic
control in patients with T1D due to additional insulin resistance on top of
absolute insulin deficiency. Furthermore in clinical practice the blood glucose management before and during pregnancy in overweight or obese
women with T1D is a challenge. In this study we aimed to evaluate rate
and impact of overweight and obesity in pregnant women with T1D.
Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Medical University of

Graz; 2Department of Neurosurgery, Medical University of Graz
Background: Ovarian cancer is usually diagnosed at advanced stage.
Thus, recurrences are common. The objective of this retrospective study
was to analyze the predictive value of selected clinical and biological factors with regard to overall survival after first recurrence.
Methods: A total of 368 consecutive patients with primary epithelial cancer
of the ovary, fallopian tube or the peritoneum were included. Patient and
tumor characteristics were extracted from hospital records. Recurrence
was defined as first clinical manifestation of tumor progression after an
interval of no clinical evidence of disease following primary surgery. Patients with only an elevated tumor marker CA125 and those who had clinically evident tumor after primary surgery were not included.
Methods: We performed an analysis of 70 consecutive singleton pregnancies complicated by preexisting T1D, who consulted the diabetes pregnancy clinic at the department for endocrinology between 2006 and 2014.
Results: All women were Caucasians with mean age of 325 years and
average diabetes duration of 179 years. 54% had a BMI 25 kg/m2 at
pregnancy onset. Obese women (BMI30kg/m2) had a higher initial HbA1c
than overweight women (68.417 vs 51.912.9 mmol/mol, p=0.018). A
higher rate of arterial hypertension was observed in with increasing BMI
tertiles (p=0.018) but diabetes duration, preexisting diabetic complications
and age were similar between the groups.
Results: In the multivariate cox regression analysis, five parameters were

evaluated as independent favourable prognostic factors for survival after
first recurrence: Time to recurrence 2 years (p= 0.000), Karnofsky status
80% at time of recurrence (p= 0.008), use of adjuvant chemotherapy (p=
0.013), residual disease 1 cm at primary surgery (p= 0.044) and isolated
peripheral or paraaortic lymph nodes as localization of first recurrence (p <
0.05), respectively.
Conclusions: Overweight and obesity are additional risk factors to consider in the management of pregnant women with T1D due to higher rates
of preexisting diabetic complications and hypertension as well as its negative impact on metabolic control. Preventive measures in diabetes care
and preconception counseling are required in order to cope with the growing obesity trend.
Conclusion: Time to recurrence seems to be of utmost importance for

postrecurrence survival. Additionally, small or no residual tumor after
primary surgery, the administration of adjuvant chemotherapy, a higher
performance status at recurrence and metastases in the peripheral or
paraaortic lymph nodes were predictive for overall survival.
Impact on Medicine: Defining predictive parameters for overall survival
helps to improve the therapeutic and surveillance strategy.
48
Sabine Payr1, Birgit Hirschmugl. MSc1,2, Christian Wadsack. PhD

Assoc. Prof1,2
1
Medical University of Graz, Austria; 2Universittsklink fr Frauenheilkunde und Geburtshilfe, Graz

Background: Knowledge of consequences of maternal obesity in human
placental fatty acid (FA) transport is limited. Animal studies suggest that
placental FA-uptake is altered by maternal overnutrition. Catabolism of FA
storage depots and mobilization of free fatty acids (FFA) in the placenta
depends on lipases. Placental FA metabolism is tightly regulated by maternal lipolytic activities. Altered Chronically elevated concentrations of FFA in
plasma exert a lipotoxic effect on non-adipose tissues and contribute to the
development of exaggerated insulin resistance in the mother.
Hypothesis and Methods : Maternal prepregnancy body mass index
(BMI) affects human placental FA transport by modifying expression of key
genes. The impact of maternal over-nutrition on functionality of the fetoplacental unit was investigated. Term placentas from normal (BMI, 18.5
24.9 kg/m2) and obese (BMI > 30 kg/m2) women were analyzed. Based
on NanoString generated results from placental tissues, key genes in
lipolysis were identified. Correlations of obesity dependent placental lipid
associated genes with maternal and neonatal available clinical parameters
were calculated. Additionally, using placental tissue, qRT-PCR and Western blot were employed, to confirm global genomic data on RNA and
protein levels in placentas from highly obese mothers compared to
controls.
Results: Degree of maternal obesity was not related to ATGL (adipose
triglyceride lipase) mRNA levels in the studied placentae. The ATGL coactivator and lipid droplet binding protein CGI-58 however, correlated
positively with maternal BMI. No association could be detected between
CGI-58- and ATGL-levels.
Conclusions: Placental lipolysis appears to be altered by alternated CGI58 levels in maternal obesity.
49
Aleksandra Barac, Marina Pekmezovic, Marina Kostic, Valentina

Arsic Arsenijevic
Mohammad Reza Zamani, Arash Salmaninejad, Nima Rezaei

Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Iran
Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University

of Belgrade, Serbia
Background: Infertility remains a threat to successful reproduction by

couples desirous of pregnancy and is estimated to affect one out of five
couples worldwide. Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA-4) is a cell
surface molecule involved in the regulation of T cells. Single nucleotide
polymorphisms (SNPs) of CTLA-4 gene are known to be associated with
susceptibility to several autoimmune diseases, including SLE, Graves'
disease, type 1 diabetes. We studied the correlation between CTLA-4
A49G genotype and risk of ASA-related infertility in an Iranian group of
infertile patients, at the level of SNP of the genome.
Background: In recent years fungi are favoured as origin of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS), especially with nasal polyps (wNP). Sensitive methods
for fungal detection are still absent, therefore we use NP tissue single-cell
suspension for mycology investigations in patients with recalcitrant NP
(rNP) that underwent functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS).
Methods: A prospective case-series study and culture-based mycological
examination was conducted in patients who underwent FESS for the first
time (ft-FESS) and those with repeated FESS (re-FESS). The study was
conducted in a tertiary Otorhinolaryngology Unit of Clinical Centre of Serbia. A total of 43 consecutive patients with CRSwNP underwent FESS.
Culture-based mycological examination of single-cell suspension was done
on 55 NPs samples. Patient's co-morbidity data were collected.
Methods: Genomic DNA was extracted from whole blood according to

standard protocols by salt protein precipitation. Genotyping was performed
by polymerase chain reaction and restriction enzyme digestion (PCR
RFLP). This polymorphism was genotyped in 204 Iranian subjects (100
patients with antisperm antibody-related infertility and 104 healthy controls).
Results: Repeated FESS was observed in 19/43 (44%) patients (re-FESS

group). Asthma and aspirin intolerance were more frequent in re-FESS
than in ft-FESS group (p=0.000, p=0.002; respectively). Fungi was detected (wF) in 10/43 (23.3%) patients (FESSwF group), representing 13/55
culture positive NP tissue (23.6%). Fungal presence was higher in reFESS than in ft-FESS group (42% and 8%, respectively; p=0.01). Significant longer duration of CRS was observed in FESSwF than in fungal
negative patients (p=0.033). Predominate strain was Aspergillus flavus
detected in 6/10 patients.
Results: Patients frequencies of the A/A genotype in comparison with

healthy controls (30.76% vs. 17.6%, P= 0.01) as well as the allelic frequency for A (52.8% vs. 43.5%, P= 0.04) were significantly different. However, A/G and G/G genotype frequencies between patients and healthy
controls were not significantly different (P=0.6, P=0.3, respectively).
Conclusion: A statistically meaningful association between male ASArelated infertility and CTLA-4 gene polymorphism has been observed in
this study, suggesting a correlation between impaired CTLA-4 associated
immunomodulation to the development of ASAs. This study raises more
interest for further investigation to the mechanism of CTLA-4 in the development of ASA related infertility.
Conclusion: This is the first study which analysed association of fungi in

single-cell suspension of NP tissue and rNP. We demonstrate significantly
higher percentage of positive fungal finding in re-FESSwF than in ftFESSwF group. The most commonly isolated species in our patients was
Aspergillus flavus.
Jovana Maric, Viktria Knya, Thomas Brnthaler, Katharina Jandl,

Wolfgang Platzer, Ilse Lanz, Rufina Schuligoi, kos Heinemann
Tamara Seitz
Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of

Graz, Austria
Medical University of Vienna, Austria

Introduction: Following allogenic hematopoietic cell transplantation (AlloHCT) for acute leukemia, both recipient and donor cells are present in the
patients bone marrow. The earlier an increase of recipients cells is detected, the more likely the patients will respond well to treatment. The
current method for detection of recipients cells, the Short-Tandem-Repeat
(STR) is only able to detect a recipients cell amount above 5% of total
cells. A novel method, the Real-Time-PCR (RT-PCR) may allow detection
under 5%.
Method: Blood and bone marrow samples from 10 patients with acute
leukemia after Allo-HCT at different point of times were analysed using
both STR and RT-PCR. We compared relative quantity of recipients cells
and the level of immunosuppression from transplantation to relapse. Additionally to determine the sensitivity and accuracy of the novel method, we
performed mixed DNA sampling and RT-PCR in vitro and compared these
to patient data.
Results: Our data shows that RT-PCR is able to detect a percentage of
recipients cell under 5%, the lowest detected level is 0,0033%. A correlation between amount of recipients cells in the first three posttransplant
months and the time period until relapse is shown, but none between level
of immunsupression and amount of recipients cells. The method also
demonstrated a high level of sensitivity in comparison to our in-vitro data.
Discussion: RT-PCRs low detection level of leukemia cells enables earlier
detection of relapse, thereby allowing earlier therapeutic intervention which
may improve patient outcome.
50
Krystyna Marta Okoniewska, Ryszard Rygus, Jakub Okoniewski,

Magdalena Ozimek
Alireza Zare Bidoki1, Neda Golchin2, Salman Sadeghzadeh3, Ali Akbar Amirzargar1
Wroclaw Medical University, Poland;
Molecular Immunology Research Center, and Department of Immunology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; 2Cancer Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz,
Iran; 3Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Azad University of Ashkezar Branch, Yazd, Iran;
Background and Methods: Tregitopes are linear sequences of amino

acids that present in many animal and human proteins. They suppress
immunological response and could play a significant regulatory role in
autoimmunological diseases. Tregitopes modulate strongly T-cell response
activated by the antigens of the major histocompatibility complex class I.
The aim of this study was the attempt to determine the correlation between
physicochemical properties and structures of tregitopes and binding
strength with MHC-I.
Background and Methods: Acute rejection (AR) in kidney transplantation

is one the most important causes of rejection in Iran and the world. Considering the role of inflammatory cytokines in this process and due to this fact
that genetic polymorphisms can alter the function of these cytokines, we
aimed to evaluate various single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) related
to TNF-, IL-6, IFN- and IL-1 cytokine genes. Genomic DNA was extracted from whole blood of 56 patients with acute rejection, and 56 patients with a stable graft function (SGF). A Polymerase chain reaction with
the sequence specific primers (PCR-SSP) was performed using related
kits. The results were analyzed by statistical software SPSS and Epiinfo.
21 amino acid sequences of immunoglobulin G with verified or similar to

tregitopes function were selected. The first phase of study attempt to find
the correlation between the half minimal inhibitory concentration (LogIC50)
calculated for MHC-I and physicochemical properties.
Results: From all of formulated arithmetic statements, only one allowed to
determine significant correlation with LogIC50 with reference to alleles
A*02:01 and A*02:06. The correlations for the alleles were linear and
sigmoid, respectively (p<0.001). The presence of the repeated amino acids
was confirmed in the sequences of the studied compounds. These amino
acids are connected with stronger binding or lack of the binding with MHC-I
expressed by LogIC50.
Results: The frequency of A and G alleles related to -308 and -138 positions of TNF-, and alleles C and G of the -174 position related to IL-6
showed a significant association in patients with a transplanted kidney
(Both AR and SGF) compared to controls (P value<0.05). Data related to
both TNF- SNPs, and GG, CG genotypes of -174 position (IL-6) revealed
a significant relationship between AR and healthy controls. In addition,
results from the comparison of SGF and healthy controls in -238(TNF-)
and -174(IL-6) positions showed a significant correlation. Haplotype analysis among study groups also displayed statistically significant associations.
Conclusion: Received results enable to state that examination correlation

between the chemical structure of tregitopes described with arithmetic
expressions based on the physicochemical properties allow to determine
significant correlations. The presented method can be used in screening of
new sequences that have regulatory properties for regulatory T-cells. It
also allows to test the properties of natural or created in silico structures
with the function of tregitopes.
Conclusion: This study found an association between TNF- and IL-6

gene polymorphisms in kidney graft rejection or survival processes. More
studies with greater samples from various populations are needed in order
to confirm this finding.
51
Shukun Chen1, Gabi Wendt2, Solveigh Krusekopf2, Klaus Lcke2,

Gerd Leitinger1, Elisabeth Pritz1, Anders Sthlberg3,4, Amin ElHeliebi1, Thomas Kroneis1,3, Peter Sedlmayr1
Mirlinda Ademi1,2, Sara Serradas Duarte2, Olivia A Shipton2, Ole

Paulsen2
1
Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; 2University of Cambridge,
Cambridge, UK;
Institute of Cell Biology, Histology and Embryology, Medical University of Graz,

Austria; 2GILUPI GmbH, Potsdam, Germany; 3Department of Pathology, Institute of
Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg,
Sweden; 4TATAA Biocenter, Gothenburg, Sweden
Introduction: Stem cell-derived neurons grown in vitro provide a unique

resource for the study of fundamental neurological diseases and ultimately
have great therapeutic potential. However, owing to their novelty in vitro
maturing neural networks remain to be fully understood.
Aim: This project demonstrates the highly efficient differentiation of stem

cell-derived cortical neurons by analyzing their developmental progression
following a time-dependent course.
Methods: (A) Human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived neural networks (hiPSN) were generated from purchased progenitor cells. The phenotype of 6 and 10 week old neural cells was assessed by detecting neuronal and cortical layer-specific markers using antibodies. (B) Mouse embryonic stem cell-derived cortical neurons (mESN) were generated in
medium containing the drug cyclopamine. Whole-cell patch-clamp recording was used to assess action potential properties of 1-week- to 4week-old neural cells.
Results: (A) Structural maturation of hiPSN: hiPSN effectively resemble
cortical development of the mammalian brain: Differentiation resulted
primarily in glutamatergic (excitatory) cells and an increase of cortical layer
-specific Satb2-levels. Also, an NMDA receptor subunit switch from
GluN2B to GluN2A was evident. (B) Functional maturation of mESN: The
overall evolution of spiking and passive properties confirmed efficient
functional maturation over time: At week 4 approximately 94% of the cells
were capable of producing mature action potentials.
Conclusion: In summary, our data demonstrate that our generated networks acquired characteristics similar to mature neurons in vivo. Most
importantly, our insights concerning the NMDA receptor subunit switch
provide an exciting information for future investigation as the subunit composition controls the development of synapses.
Dominik Egger1, Markus Krammer1, Jan Hansmann2, Heike Walles2,

Kasper Cornelia1
Milica Vunjak1, Matthias Wittwer2, Sonja Dames3

1
Faculty of Chemistry, Belgrade, Serbia; 2Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, Germany;
University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Austria; 2University

Hospital Wuerzburg, Germany;
Every year about 1.3 million people die from tuberculosis worldwide. After
the host infection, Mycobacterium tuberculosis is ingested into macrophages where it prevents its degradation by secreting an enzyme protein
kinase G (PknG) into the cytoplasm of macrophages, with later mechanisms still unclear.
Background: The development of stable tissue-engineered autologous

bone grafts in the field of regenerative medicine is still a challenge. Perfusion bioreactors not only provide continuous nutrition supply and waste
removal, but are also suitable for the controlled application of mechanical
forces like fluid shear stress. Mechanical loading is known to cause mechanotransductive effects like the induction of differentiation.
It has been shown that N-terminal domain of PknG contains an unstructured ruberdoxin motif with two CXXC metal binding motifs sensitive to
cytoplasm redox state, and that redox changes can affect PknG structure
and activity. Based on this, we have assumed that PknG interacts with the
host membranes in a redox dependent manner.
Methods: In our study, we determined the optimal flow rate for the osteogenic differentiation of human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells
(MSCs) by applying fluid shear stress that mimics the physiological environment normally experienced by bone progenitor cells in vivo. We first
analyzed the porosity of cell substrates with nanofocus-computed tomography as well as their specific permeability at different flow rates. To investigate the effect of controlled application of physiologic fluid shear stress a
flow rate of 0.3 ml/min was used to cultivate MSCs in a self-developed
perfusion bioreactor. Cells were seeded on a three-dimensional macroporous zirconium dioxide ceramic scaffold and cultivated in expansion or
osteogenic media.
After expressing mutated His-tagged 1-147 PknG in E. coli and its purification by SEC and IMAC, measuring of 2D NMR and CD spectroscopy has
been performed, in order to examine whether mutated N-terminal domain
of PknG interacts with the host membranes, and how the changes in cellular redox environment affect this interaction. DPC has been used as an
artificial substitute for membranes and the redox environment was varied
by adding TCEP.
Results and Conclusion: Matrix deposition was observed in both osteogenic and expansion media without any osteoinductive additives. The
viability of cells cultivated under perfusion was considerably higher (6-fold
or higher) than under static conditions. Our results show that application of
physiologic fluid shear stress supports the osteogenic differentiation and
viability of adipose-derived MSCs.
We have shown that the PknG interacts with artificial membranes, and
these interactions occur independently of the cellular redox environment.
Mycobacterium tuberculosis has become resistant to many antibiotics, and
PknG can represent a potential novel target for tuberculosis drugs. The
results of this study could be used for more precise localization of the
enzyme in the host cells and for better understanding of how PknG blocks
the bacterial degradation, which is necessary for proper designing of future
inhibitors.
Significance: This study contributes to advances in bone tissue engineering for autologous bone implants for the treatment of critical size bone
defects.
52
Zsofia Foldvari, Csilla Somogyi, Csaba Matta, Tamas Juhasz, Roza

Zakany
Bianca Schmerbck, Angela Horvath, Bettina Leber, Monika Tawdrous, Astrid Hartl, Vanessa Stadlbauer
University of Debrecen, Faculty of Medicine, Hungary
Cartilage diseases affect the majority of aged population but successful

treatments are still unavailable. Cannabinoids are long term used for alleviating painful joint diseases, and the presence of receptor type 1 (CB1) has
been proved in mature chondrocytes and synoviocytes. Endocannabinoid
ligand anandamide and 2-AG both are detectable in the synovial fluid of
arthritis patients. As certain regeneration of damaged articular cartilage
can occur, we aimed to explore if CB1 mediated cannabinoid signalling
plays role in chondrogenesis.
Background: Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) are cell wall components of

Gram-negative bacteria. In high concentrations LPS may lead to elevated
immune responses and sepsis. Therefore, reliable detection of serum LPS
is crucial in early diagnosis. Many methods are capable to detect LPS in
aqueous solutions but not in serum, due to interference or the binding of
LPS to different proteins. The aim of the present work was to establish a
cell culture method for LPS detection and the analysis of serum LPS in
patients with liver cirrhosis and healthy controls.
In the descriptive part of our work, the expression of CB1 receptor was
examined in vitro, in high density chondrogenic (HD) cultures established
from limb buds of 11,5 day-old mouse embryos and ex vivo, in cartilage
samples from mice of different developmental stages, by RT-PCR, Western blot, immuncytochemistry and mass spectrometry analysis. Ascertained of the CB1 expression, in the functional part of our studies, CB1
agonist (anandamide) and inverse agonist (AM251) were applied on HDCs, followed by dimethyl-methylene blue staining and RT-PCR detection of
chondrogenic markers and matrix constituents, and the assessment of cell
viability and proliferation by MTT and tritiated thymidine incorporation
assays, respectively.
Method: A human embryonic kidney cell line (HEK 293) in combination

with the HEK- blue LPS detection Kit was used. The principle of the test is
based on LPS recognition through TLR-4 activation. The cells are stably
transfected with multiple genes for the TLR-4 receptor. TLR-4 binding to
LPS leads to NF- B activation and can be supplementary monitored by
alkaline phosphatase, which is then detected spectrophotometrically. LAL
assay was used for comparison.
Results: With this technique LPS could be detected in human serum,
which was not possible with the standard technique for LPS measurements, the limulus amoebocyte lysate (LAL) assay. Patients with liver
cirrhosis (n=36) exhibit significantly higher LPS levels in serum when
compared to healthy controls (n=32; p=0.000).
CB1 mRNA expression was found in HD cultures, accompanied by other

members of the endocannabinoid system. CB1 protein was observed in
HDCs, embryonic limb buds and in the articular cartilage of young animals.
CB1 treatments influenced chondrogenesis in a concentration dependent
manner implying that CB1 might have function in cartilage development. In
currently running experiments we investigate if mechanical load influences
CB1 expression.
Discussion: This cell culture method is applicable to human samples and

more sensitive than other methods.
Impact on medicine: HEK-blue cells can be used in clinical research to
investigate quantity and bioactivity of LPS in serum.
53
Lorenz Frster1, Dietmar Abraham1, Karin Zins1, Trevor Lucas1, Bruno Podesser2
Lukas Mach1,2, Dana Sochorova2, Katerina Wojnarova2, Helena Bedanova1,3, Miroslav Soucek1,3, Petr Nemec1,3, Marek Orban1,3
Zentrum fr Anatomie und Zellbiologie, Medizinische Universitt Wien,

Austria; 2Department fr Biomedizinische Forschung, Medizinische Universitt Wien,
Austria;
International Clinical Research Centre, St. Anne's University Hospital, Brno, Czech
Republic; 2Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic; 3Centre of Cardiovascular
Surgery and Transplantation Brno, Czech Republic
Background: A balance between extracellular matrix deposition and

destruction is important for maintaining normal myocardial architecture and
integrity. This balance is regulated by deposition of structural proteins such
as Tenascin-C and matrix degrading enzymes such as matrixmetalloproteinases and CD147. Therefore, a pressure overload model with
Tenascin-C knockout mice was established to investigate the effects and
mechanisms of Tenascin-C on cardiac remodeling under these conditions.
Background: Numerous serum cytokines have been associated with

cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. Whether and how these correlations translate to adipose tissue humoral signalling remains to be fully
elucidated. Different embryologic origin of epicardial (EAT) and subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) may play a role in their biochemical and pathophysiological features. Therefore, we conducted a prospective study to
compare EAT and SAT levels of selected cytokines.
Methods: Aortic banding was performed in Tenascin-C knockout and wild

type mice to induce ventricular hypertrophy. Sham surgery was performed
in Tenascin-C knockout mice and wild type mice without tying the suture.
Levels of fibrosis in heart sections were quantified with Masson-Goldner
trichrome staining. To measure the amounts of remodeling enzymes,
quantitative immunohistochemistry was performed with antibodies for
CD147 and the matrix-metallo-proteinases 2 and 9.
Methods: Samples of SAT and EAT were harvested from patients undergoing elective cardiac surgery. Concentrations of tumour necrosis factor-
(TNF-), interleukin-6 (IL-6), adipocyte fatty acid-binding protein (AFABP),
leptin, and adiponectin were determined by sandwich ELISA, adjusted for
total protein content in the samples, and compared using paired t-test.
Results: Samples from 141 patients were obtained. EAT concentrations of
all measured markers were significantly higher than those in SAT. The
same was true for a subgroup of patients with coronary artery disease
(CAD), while only TNF-, IL-6, and AFABP were significantly higher in EAT
among patients without CAD undergoing a valve surgery.
Results: Tenascin-C deficient mice showed significantly less hypertrophy

than wild type mice under pressure overload, associated with decreased
levels of fibrosis. Tenascin-C knockout mice had significantly lower ventricular levels of all remodeling enzymes examined.
Conclusion: These findings show that Tenascin-C affects ventricular
hypertrophy and interstitial fibrosis during pressure overload. Decreased
expression of remodeling factors suggests that these factors are regulated
by Tn-C during cardiac remodeling in pressure overload hypertrophy.
Conclusions: EAT is a source of various cytokines of pro-inflammatory

(TNF-, IL-6), anti-inflammatory (adiponectin), or regulatory (leptin,
AFABP) properties. Different sets of cytokines elevated in EAT of CAD vs.
non-CAD patients suggest that EAT signalling may be involved in pathogenesis of CAD and/or valve diseases. Further research is needed to
clarify potential underlying interactions.
Impact on medicine: The identification of molecular mechanisms and

pathways responsible for this attenuation by Tenascin-C still need to explored. This will help to identify pathological cardiovascular alterations
possibly regulated by Tenascin-C deposition in humans which could be
used as biomarkers for ventricular hypertrophy and could be targeted with
specific strategies.
Impact on medicine: Refined understanding of EAT and SAT humoral

signalling may lead to improved cardiovascular risk stratification, and novel
EAT targeted therapies to prevent/treat cardiovascular and metabolic
diseases.
Marilena Appierto1, Markus Trieb1, Sanja uri1, Lisa Pasterk1,

Michael
Holzer1,
Saa
Frank2,
Gunther
Marsche1
Istvn Bojti
Institute of of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University Graz,

Austria; 2Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of
Graz, Austria;
Background: High-density lipoproteins (HDLs) are central in cholesterol

metabolism and they have been shown to protect against atherosclerosis
by promoting reverse cholesterol transport (RCT). In healthy subjects,
HDLs also exhibit anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative properties. However, chronic inflammatory conditions can alter physiological remodeling of
HDLs and render them dysfunctional. Therefore, we investigated whether
HDL composition and function are altered in coronary artery disease
(CAD) and acute coronary syndrome (ACS) patients.
Background: According to literature the routine use of intraaortic balloon

pump (IABP) in acute heart failure derived from acute coronary syndrome
is questionable. In the published articles so far there were no difference
between patients who got IABP during primary percutaneous coronary
intervention (PCI) or later. Our aim was to examine the effect of the
elapsed time between the PCI and the IABP introduction, on the survival at
the hospital, 30 days and one year later.
Results and Methods:
We examined 290 patients data treated between 2009 and 2012. There
were 45 cases when the IABP was introduced later than the primary PCI
(rescue group). We measured the by the coronary artery occlusion endangered myocardium area by the Holistic Coronary Care program. Between
the two groups there was no significant difference looking at the endangered area (62,3% vs. 58,8%; p=0,098). The GFR and the left ventricle
ejection fraction (LVEF), measured by the arrival at the hospital were
significantly better in the rescue group (LVEF 39% vs. 34% p=0.005; GFR
[ml/min/1.73 m2]: 69 vs. 60 p=0.01). In contrast to these better data, the
length of the hospital treatment, the 30 days and the one year mortality
were significantly worse in the rescue group (22,2 vs. 17,4 days p=0,05; 16
vs. 3,8 % p=0,018; 29 vs. 6 % p=0,001).
Methods: Apolipoprotein B-depleted (high-density lipoprotein-fraction)

serum was isolated from CAD (n=34) patients, ACS (n=26) patients and
from sex- and age-matched healthy controls (n=23). Cellular cholesterol
efflux, anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory properties were assessed. Native
gel electrophoresis was performed to assess HDL particle size. Lecithincholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) and cholesteryl ester transfer protein
(CETP) activities were determined in whole serum.
Results: In comparison to controls, ApoB-depleted serum isolated from
ACS patients showed a significant decrease in redox activity. Strikingly,
anti-inflammatory capacity of ApoB-depleted serum was increased in both
CAD and ACS patients and negatively correlated with serum LCAT activity.
Serum CETP activity was not significantly altered. Interestingly, ApoBdepleted serum from CAD, but not ACS patients, was more efficient in
promoting cholesterol efflux from macrophages.
Conclusion:
The length of the hospital treatment, the 30 days and the one year mortality is significantly better in the group of patients, which got the IABP introduced simultaneously with the primary PCI (non-rescue group).
Conclusion: Our data suggest that remodeling of HDLs is impaired in

CAD and ACS patients, leading to accumulation of nascent pre-beta HDLs.
High levels of these particles have been positively correlated to coronary
heart disease. We speculate that the shift to immature HDL observed in
CAD and ACS patients might provide a link between low LCAT activity and
cardiovascular disease.
54
Clemens Reiter, Snjeana Radulovi, Senka Ljubojevi, Simon Sedej

Background: Early alterations of nuclear Ca2+ handling are associated
with myocardial remodeling and the development of heart failure. Defective
calcium release channel (ryanodine receptor, RyR2) function disturbs
cytosolic Ca2+ homeostasis and promotes myocardial remodeling. However, it remains elusive whether RyR2 dysfunction has an impact on the
regulation of nuclear Ca2+ handling in response to pressure overload.
Methods: RyR2R4496C+/- (gain-of-function mutation) adult mice and their
wild-type (WT) littermates underwent Sham surgery or transverse aortic
constriction (TAC) to induce pressure overload. Ventricular cardiomyocytes
were isolated seven days after surgery and loaded with 8 mol/L Fluo-4/
AM (Ca2+-sensitive dye). Amplitudes and kinetics of Ca2+ transients in the
cytoplasm and nucleus were monitored in electrically field-stimulated
cardiac myocytes (at 1Hz) using confocal microscopy (line-scan mode).
Results: Cardiomyocytes from Sham-operated mice showed similar cytoplasmic and nucleoplasmic Ca2+ transient amplitudes and kinetics. After
1 week TAC, however, the peak cytoplasmic Ca2+ transient amplitude was
increased in WT cells, whereas nucleoplasmic Ca2+ transient amplitude
and kinetics were normal. In contrast, RyR2R4496C+/--TAC cells had
significantly smaller cytoplasmic and nucleoplasmic Ca2+ transient amplitudes as well as slower kinetics (time-to-peak and decay time) of nucleoplasmic Ca2+ transients.
Conclusion: The combination of acquired and congenital RyR2 dysfunction prolongs nuclear Ca2+ transients and reduces their amplitude in
RyR2R4496C+/- hearts after pressure overload. Our results suggest that
RyR2-mediated Ca2+ changes in the nucleus may underlie altered gene
transcription and promote cardiac remodeling.
55
Milad Alimohammadi, soheyla Honary
Simone Braeuer, Walter Goessler
Mazandaran University Of medical science, Iran
University of Graz, Austria
Introduction: Lubricants are the crucial factor in producing effervescent

tablet. They prevent ingredients to stick to piston and directly related to
disintegration time and Transparency. With special and important rules that
all lubricants play in effervescent tablet, two soluble lubricants such as Lleucine and PEG6000 with different partition were selected for this experiment.
Arsenic is known around the world for its acute and also chronic toxicity.
However, when talking about arsenic, it is important to distinguish between
its chemical forms, the so called species. They show different chemical
and as a consequence toxic properties. For example, the inorganic species
(As2O3 the king of poisons) are more toxic than the organic species.
Moreover, the trivalent compounds show significantly higher toxicity than
the pentavalent forms.
Methods: In order to preparing date for modeling according to our method,

three factors such as L-leucine, PEG6000 and pressure were considered.
Next according to Box-Behnken method and three levels for each factor,
15 experiments were created. After that with our 15 result, SPSS software
proposed us a suitable model.
There are already many publications dealing with these different arsenic
species and their biotransformation in the environment, including terrestrial
mammals like humans, apes or mice. Surprisingly little is known about the
fate of arsenic in ruminants.Therefore we investigated the total concentrations and the chemical forms of arsenic in tissues of cattle, which are
important to the human diet, to evaluate a possible health risk from arsenic.
Results: Beta factor such as L-leucine, product of L-leucine and Polyethylene glycol, and the square of the pressure is negative. It turns out with
increasing these factors, disintegration time and hardness will decrease
and between these factors, product of L-leucine and PEG6000 are most
influential. Our Box-Benkehn modeling predicted 10052 terms that were
not mentioned in our experiment. Due to the similarity between our predicted model and calculated model, we could claim that our model will be
able to produce effervescent tablet in optimized form.
We collected Austrian beef muscle, liver and kidney samples and determined their total arsenic concentrations and arsenic species with Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICPMS) and High Performance
Liquid Chromatography coupled to ICPMS.
From the three different tissue types, the kidney samples had the highest
total arsenic concentrations. The lowest concentrations were found in the
muscle samples. First results showed that the samples contained very little
inorganic arsenic. In fact, most of the arsenic was present as methylarsonic and dimethylarsinic acid. These results indicate that the amount and
forms of the arsenic that is present in Austrian beef tissues are not very
likely to be a risk for consumers.
Conclusion: 10 formulas were selected as a best formula and three of

them are the most successful one in our experiment and have more similarity to our predicted model.
Benjamin Michael
Liebmann3
Fally1,
Helmar
Wiltsche2,
Sandra
Fereshteh Shafigh, Seyyed Kazem Sadjady Neery, Farshad Hashemian,Fateme Alayi, Sara Nabavi
Wallner-
Islamic Azad University of pharmaceutical sciences (IAUPS), Iran
Medical University Of Graz, Austria; 2Institute of Analytical Chemistry and

Food Chemistry, TU Graz, Austria; 3Institute of Pathophysiology and
Immunology, Medical University Of Graz, Austria
In the treatment of wounds, sometimes a gel formulation containing various active ingredients may be used. A popular excipient for preparation of
pharmaceutical gels is carbomer.
Background: Evaluation of storage materials for different edibles is a

deciding factor with regard to health issues. Some of liquid edibles get in
contact with glass. Glass-made transfusion bottles are part of everyday
clinical practice. Furthermore, artistical upgrades for drinking glasses
include using potentially toxic materials. Aim of this research is to state if
pH-value and alcohol content influence leaching of lead out of glass into
stored liquids.
In this study we aimed to compare the effect of a placebo gel containing

carbomer 940 with normal saline solution on the morphology of healing of
wounds created on albino rats (rattus albus). A gel with the following formula : 0.8% carbomer 940, 7% propylene glycol, 0.18% methylparaben,
0.02% propylparaben and distilled water was applied to wounds of 9 rats.
A 0.9% normal saline was also applied to 5 rats as control. Every other day
the gel and the normal saline solution were reapplied to the wound sites.
The morphology of the wounds was checked and monitored every other
day for 21 days.
Methods: 3 types of liquids (tap water; white wine; physiologic salt solution) were each exposed for 24 hours to 4 types of glass (lead crystal; noncoloured gastronomy; painted Murano; pharmaceutical brown). Measurement of lead concentration in the liquids in [mg/L] was conducted via inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES).
Surprisingly, from the beginning it was observed that wounds treated with
normal saline healed faster. In fact compared to the saline solution, the gel
had no morphologically healing effect on the wounds. These findings are
useful in two ways. First as the placebo gel containing carbomer 940 had
no effect on healing, it can be used as a base for gel formulations when
assessing the effect of an active ingredient on wound repair. On the other
hand the unexpected result of saline solution having some healing effect
on wounds can be further studied for both the reason and the factors, such
as concentration and type of formulation, affecting it.
Results: 60 samples were measured. After conducting a bivariate analysis

of variance it appeared that especially white wine (pH 3.4; EtOH: 12.5%
vol; 0.042+/-0.009mg/L; 0,039-0.045mg/L CI95%) and physiologic salt
solution (pH 4.9; EtOH: 0.0%vol; 0.026+/-0.004mg/L; 0.023-0.028mg/L
CI95%) were able to leach lead out of lead crystal glass, whereas tap
water (pH 7.0; EtOH: 0.0%vol; 0.003+/-0.002mg/L; 0.001-0.006 CI95%)
failed in doing so. Significant differences between liquids and remaining
glass types were shown (p for all <0.05).
Conclusion: Results show that pH-value and alcohol content influence the
migration of lead. With regard to the usage of glass products in everyday
clinical practice and a variety of possible toxic glass ingredients besides
lead, awareness of this issue is strongly advised and to be taken into
consideration.
56
Fateme Alayi, Farshad Hashemian, Ahmadreza Dehpour

Josipa Buki
Islamic azad University of pharmaceutical sciences (IAUPS), Iran
Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Zagreb, Croatia
Globularia cordifolia and Globularia meridionalis both form Globulariaceae
family, and are one of the numerous plants that are still unexplored. Analysis of the plant extract revealed that, among other ingredients, extract is
rich in iridoid glycoside aucubin, which is thought to be responsible for the
plant's possible analgesic effect.
Background: The simplest method of wound measurement is to trace the

wound margins on a transparent sheet and to redraw the line with a computer pen on a digitizing tablet or measurement with caliper and ruler. This
method has two potential sources of error due to inaccurate tracing of the
ulcer as well as redrawing the trace on the digitizing tablet/measurement
with a caliper and ruler. In this study we introduced a Digimizer image
analyzer software for analyzing wound healing process.
The aim of this work was to investigate the antinociceptive effect of the
extracts in an experimental model of visceral pain induced by the intraperitoneal application of 1% acetic acid (writhing test). Injection of acid causes
painful responses like stretching (spasm). The tested doses of extracts
(expressed with respect to the content of iridoid) had analgesic effect. At
dose 50 mg/kg for G. meridionalis and 12,5 mg/kg for G. cordifolia pain
responses were decreased for 60%. At dose 12,5 mg/kg G. cordifolia had
significant analgesic effect, while G. meridionalis at the same dose almost
did not have number of spasm decreased, compared to the control group
of animals.
Method: 15 male Wistar rats were used in this study. Full thickness excisional wounds were made on dorsal symmetrical site of the animals with
5mm biopsy punch. Digital images were taken with digital camera.
Images were taken on days 0, 2, 5, 7, 9, 12, 14, 16, 19, 21. In all cases,
conditions like light, distance, height, angle and position were similar. For
calculating the accuracy of this method, 15 repeated measurements of
three wounds by two operators were made. Operators traced margin of the
wounds with digimizer wound analyzer software. The accuracy and validity
of this method was calculated with Excel software.
Results and Conclusion: Based on the results obtained an RSD values
were calculated for the measurements relating to each wound and the
highest RSD was found to be 2.3%. It seems that this method of measurement of wound size is one of the best ways for increasing accuracy of
measurements in wound morphological evaluations.
This is preliminary study conducted on a small number of animals, but has

significant role in planning further research of analgesic profile of these two
plants.
Sara Nabavi1, Ahmad-Reza Dehpour2, Seyed Kazem Sadjady1,

fereshteh shafigh1
1
Islamic Azad University of Pharmaceutical Sciences Branch, Iran, Islamic

Republic of; 2Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Background: There are always two important considerations when doing
animal studies. Firstly, the individual differences between the studied
animals and secondly ethics in experimental approaches. In this study we
aimed to introduce and evaluate a novel animal model for ulceration and
wound healing evaluation suitable for cross-over studies.
Methods: 15 male albino wistar rats, weighting 220-370 g were used in
this study. The fur of the whole back skin area was removed from the
anesthetized rats. Using ketamin-xylazine to anaesthetize them and three
pairs of full-thickness excisional wounds, 3cm vertically and horizontally
apart, were made on the dorsal symmetrical site of the rats with 5mm
biopsy punch. A biopsy was taken from the first pair of the wounds on days
0 and 7and then the middle pair on day 14 and the last pair on day 21.
Histological studies were done on the samples.
Results: Based on pathology experts' opinions, this method can be used
in cross-over studies on one set of animals.
Conclusion: Using this method, a good number of samples can be obtained using only a few rats, because after each biopsy, only one pair of
wounds are removed from the experiment, there is no need to kill the
animals and studying the same rats other wounds can be continued.
Finally, since the cross-over studies can be done on one set of rats at the
same time, the effect of inter-animal variation will be removed.
57
Jovan Branislav Radojevic1,

Radojevi2, Jovan D Vasiljevi2
Sofija
Glumac2,
Sanja
kodri-
School of Medicine, Serbia; 2School of Medicine, Insitut of Patology,

Serbia
Christopher Lierzer1, Katharina Marsoner1,2, Peter Kornprat1,2, HansJoerg Mischinger1,2, Andreas Voetsch1,3, Otto Dapunt1,3, Sonja Fruhwald1,4
Objective:
Congenital anomalies of the aortic arch represent a wide range of relatively
lesser-known and rarely clinically diagnosed cardiovascular anomalies.
Methods:
Retrospective analysis of autopsy protocols during 52-year period from
1961 through 2013 from Archive for congenital heart disease Institute of
Pathology, University of Belgrade and Institute for Health Protection of
Mother and Child, Dr Vukan Cupic and Clinic for the gynecology and obstetric Clinical center of Serbia in period from 2000 through 2011. The
sample consists of 245 cases. For data analysis, we used descriptive and
analytical statistical methods.
Results:
Congenital anomalies of the aortic arch were found in 245 autopsied
cases. Survival over 1 year of age had 18.78% and under 1 year had
81.22% of the cases, which showed a significant difference (p <0.01).
Right aortic arch was found in 26.94% of cases. Vascular ring was observed in 3.67% of cases. Tubular hyperplasia was observed in 20.41% of
cases. Coarctation of aorta occurred in 21.63% of cases. Interruption of
the aortic arch was found in 12.65% of cases, and aortic arch atresia
occurred in 6.94% of cases.
Conclusion:
Knowing these anomalies and their early clinical diagnosis are prerequisites for a possible and relatively surgical correction, which often allows
recovery of patients.
Ernard Mujanovi
Mandela Jeremiah Hassan

Vinnitsa National Medical University, Ukraine
Faculty of Medicine, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
Introduction: Alcoholism defined as the frequent harmful use of alcohol

has many negative health consequences on an individual with somatic and
mental diseases. It affects not just the patient but also the relatives and
society. Alcohol related disorders are grouped into 2 according to DSM-IV:
1)Alcohol use disorders: dependence, abuse
2)Alcohol induced disorders: delirium, dementia, delusions, hallucinations,
etc. As a result I ventured to find out the mental disorders in patients in
Yushenka Hospital.
Background: Turner Syndrome occurs in one out of every 5000 live female births and the diagnosis is usually based on the clinical presentation.
Seen as a rear syndrome that as a deletion appears really rare, we will
describe a case of partial deletion of the long arm of the X chromosome,
found in a 10-year-old female, she was complaining of short stature. She
was going to the 5th grade in elementary school, this fact show that there
was no intellectual disability.
Materials and Methods: I examined patients who were admitted on alcohol related disorders using the tools of:
*One on one discussion with patients
*case and family history assessment
*counseling
*laboratory and additional tests
Methods: In the Institute for Genetic University of Sarajevo, a cytogenetic

analysis was made. A blood sample was obtained from the patient for
cytogenetic analysis. Standard chromosomal analysis was performed by
using giemsa-trypsin (GTG) banding. Karyotyping of prepared lymphocyte
cultures was performed according to the International System for Human
Cytogenetic Nomenclatures 1995 protocol.
Results: I was able to gather the following information from patients I saw:
*Patient A,60 years old,20 years of drinking, has fixation amnesia, pseudo
reminiscence, episodes of delusions, dementia
*Patient B,35 years old,10 years of drinking, has amnestic syndrome,
dyspheria, delusions, hallucinations
*Patient C,40 years old,12 years of drinking, has allo-psychic and auto
psychic disorientation, dementia.
*Other patients: cognitive impairment, asthenic syndrome, anxiety disorders, mood disorders.
Results: Cytogenetic revealed a 46,X,delX(p21) chromosomal constitution. It showed a deletion of the short arm X chromosome in the second
region bend one. The analysis showed that the girl had rare type of Turner
syndrome, deletion of the X chromosome.
Conclusion: Females with terminal deletions originating at Xp21 are more
likely to show premature rather than complete ovarian failure, although
they may have normal fertility. Also we can see here that a girl with a kind
of a genetic syndrome didnt have intellectual disability and that she lived
with it a normal life. We found it by a happy accident.
Conclusion: Alcohol related disorders as listed above are found in many

societies today due to many factors: associations, circumstances, cases in
family, religion, traditions, availability of alcohol. We can testify that many
mental disorders are consequences of chronic alcohol abuse in the modern time which has great impact on the patients, society, medical field as
management of such cases seems protracted, uneasy and demanding on
both the medical personnel and relatives of such patients. So there is the
need for us to look deeper and for better management to reduce its negative impact on the society.
58
Nikola Tanasijevi, Dolika Vasovi

Walid Khaled Daghestani, Ruba Mohamad Afif Saada
Institute of microbiology and immunology, School of Medicine University

of Belgrade
Faculty of Dental Medicine, Ss.Cyril and Methodius University ,Skopje,

Republic of Macedonia, Macedonia, Former Yugoslav Republic
Introduction: Dirofilariosis is a rare zoonosis caused by filariae from genus Dirofilaria.
The Aim: The main objective of this study is to present the method of preorthodontic treatment, and estimate the effects of Trainer appliances
(T4K), and Myobrace (interceptive class III) I3 appliances on children in
early and late mixed dentition.
The Aim: The case of a 43-year old woman with inguinal infection is
shown in this paper.
Case report: The reason for visiting a doctor was a nodule in this region,
without any accompanying symptoms. Nodule was surgically removed and
pathohistological exami-nation was performed by hematoxylin-eosin and
Masson trichrome staining methods. Oblique sections of the parasite with
surrounding inflammation were visible.
Materials and methods: Trainer T4K appliances were used for correction
of crowding and jaw discrepancies with Class II malocclusion in 5 patients,
from 6-10 years of age. And Myobrace (interceptive class III) I3 appliances
were used in 3 patients with mild Class III and pseudo Class III malocclusion to retrain the tongue activity and prevent open mouth posture, in early
and late mixed dentition.
Results: Morphological analysis has shown that the parasite was Dirofilaria repens. This is the single reported case in Serbia in 2013, and 31st
reported case since 1971. At the beginning of 2014, another patient with
subconjunctival dirofilariosis has been reported.
Results: Effects of pre-orthodontic treatment with Trainer (T4K) were

represented by optimal jaw alignment, correction or reduction in maxillary
incisors protrusion, overjet reduction, and noticeably improved facial profile.
Conclusion: Comparing to earlier data, there are 7 times more reported

cases of human dirofilariosis in Serbia from 2001 to 2013. It is possible
that the frequency of this disease was steadily increased from 2001.
Effects of pre-orthodontic treatment with Myobrace (interceptive class III)

I3 appliances were: edge to edge incisors relation.
Conclusion: Implemented trainer appliances early in childhood with good
patients cooperation raised good clinical results establishing muscular
balance, eliminating oral dysfunctions, and the correction of class II,mild
class III and pseudo class III malocclusion.
59
Aleksandra Barac, Marina Pekmezovic, Marina Kostic, Valentina

Arsic Arsenijevic
Anastasiia Pushkashu, Halyna Koval, Rostyslav Koval, Ruslan Savka

Bukovinian State Medical University, Ukraine
Instititite for Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University

of Belgrade, Serbia
BACKGROUND: Endometriosis refers to the most common diseases of

the reproductive medicine. It is characterized by ectopic growth of endometrium in extrauterine space and is associated with infertility and immunological dysfunction. Important role in these processes is paid to various
proteinases (cysteine, serine, aspartate and metallodependent proteases).
Matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) are a family of metalloproteinases, which
function is related to the metabolism of proteins of intracellular matrix.
Background: Invasive mucormycosis (zygomycosis) is the third most

frequent fungal infection in patients with malignancies. It often results in a
fatal outcome mainly due to the difficulty of early diagnosis and its resistance
to
antimycotics.
Case report 1: A 52-year-old male was diagnosed with acute myeloblastic
leukemia. Following febrile neutropenia chest computerized tomography
(CT) showed soft-tissue consolidation change. Bronchoscopy and histology indicated aspergillosis. Galactomannan (GM) test showed low positivity
and voriconazole was included. After two months, the patient developed a
fever and the chest multislice CT showed soft-tissue mass. Voriconazole
was reintroduced and bronchoscopy was repeated but new histological
and mycological examination confirmed pulmonary IMM, fungus Rhizopus
oryzae. Amphotericin B (AmB) was started and the complete remission
was verified.
METHODS: The activity of matrix metalloproteinases system MMP2,

MMP9 and MMP11 studied on 15 samples of ectopic endometrium
(endometriotic tissue) in women with endometriosis received by laparoscopic method. Determination of MMP2, MMP9 and MMP11 with immunohistochemical method was conducted by using rabbit monoclonal antibodies against human MMP2, MMP 9 and MMP 11 produced by firm Dako.
Results were evaluated using a light microscope Olympus CH20, connected to a digital camera.
RESULTS: In assessing the results of the study proved to increase the
activity of all investigated metalloproteinases (MMP2, MMP9 and MMP11)
in ectopic endometrial stroma on the boundary with the underlying stroma,
accompanied by the formation of macrophage infiltration and lymphocytic
cell components.
Case report 2: A 53-year-old male was diagnosed with neoplasm Sqamocellulare oesophagi. Following the induction chemotherapy he developed
febrile neutropenia. Patient was admitted to the clinic with hemorrhagicnecrotic lesions of the zygomatic, orbital and frontal regions of the face and
with lung infiltrates (CT). Facial necrotic changes were spearheaded expansively and vital parameters were worsened. Mycological examination
indicated IMM. AmB therapy was included resulting in favorable outcome.
CONCLUSION: Results of the research indicate that endometriotic seats

impression in women with endometriosis is observed the increasing activity
of MMP2, MMP 9 and MMP 11, which may contribute to the degradation of
the peritoneum stroma, augmenting invasion of ectopic endometrium and
local immune activation by attracting to the zone macrophage and lymphocyte cellular components with formation of infiltrates.
Conclusion: IMM was successfully treated with amphotericin B, surgery

and secondary itraconazole prophylaxis. As a rare disease invasive mucormycosis is not well understood by the medical community and therefore an
improvement of education about prevention, diagnosis and treatment of
IMM is necessary.
Ana Kesic, Emina Strangar

Medical Faculty in Novi Sad, Serbia
Aleksa Iliev Andonov1, Ivaylo Bonchev Penev1, Anna Vladimirova

Zaekova2
Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease manifested by elevated levels of

blood sugar. Physical activity reduces blood sugar levels, improves general fitness and has a positive impact on the human mind.
Purpose of the study is designing programs of specifically targeted therapeutic exercises and testing their effects.
Medical University - Sofia, Sofia, Bulgaria; 2Klinik fur Gastroenterologie,

Zollernalb Klinikum, Balingen, Germany
Introduction: Dermatomyositis is a multisystem disease affecting the skin
and the skeletal muscles. There is an association between dermatomyositis and carcinomas with various locations. The association of paraneoplastic dermatomyositis (PDM) and urinary bladder carcinoma (UBC) is extremely rare occurrence. We report such a case from our clinic.
Examinees: The research involved three male adults aged 33 to 65 year

diagnosed with Diabetes Mellitus Type 2. Anamnesis of every examinee
was determined by questionnaire created for this purpose. All respondents
received approvals from their physicians so that they could participate in
the study.The research control group consisted of a 55 year-old healthy
male with a full-time employment.
Clinical Case: 70-year-old man entered the clinic due to obscure abdominal discomfort on the right, dating from 4 days. He wasnt taking any fluids
from a day. There was a lack of appetite and dysphagia, after intake of
fluids. The patient suffered a stroke a year ago, resulting in developing of
left facial paresis and left hemiparesis. Physical examination found periorbital heliotrope rash and erythema keratodes on the face. On examination
of hands no Gottrons papules were seen. There was muscle weakness
proximally of the upper and lower extremities.
Methodology:
Researcher composed program of 20 exercises used for strengthening,
stretching, upgrading muscle function, but also improving peripheral circulation.
- Testing lasted 10 days
- Exercise lasted 30-60 min
- Each participant began practices with breathing exercises and ended with
moderate walks
-The respondents started the program with having to repeat an exercise
five times, and then they kept increasing repetitions by one, until they
reached ten repetition of a particular exercise
-The concentration of blood sugar was measured with modern apparatus;
the value of arterial blood pressure and heart rate were measured before
and after each training.
-Measured values were recorded to a journal on a daily basis.
On laboratory research: GPT and GGT was respectively 114U/l and 246U/
l. CK on hospitalization was 1507U/l and on the next day-2379U/l. CRP
was 1,81mg/dl. Ultrasound tumor formation confined in the bladder was
found. Biopsy proved keratotic squamous epithelial metaplasia. Because
of unclear and increasing dysphagia, the patient was admitted to the neurological department. They found tumor formation in the brain after CT/
MRT. It was metastasis,unrelated to the dysphagia. Histology of erythema
and muscle tissue was consist to dermatomyositis.Thus we determined the
diagnosis-PDM associated with UBC.
Conclusion: This report highlights the possible association of PDM and
UBC and the risk UBC can be hidden behind the symptoms of dermatomyositis.
Results Blood glucose levels in all patients after exercise was lower for
0.2 to 1.8 mmol / L. Blood pressure and heart rate were proportional to the
amount of load. The above results suggest that the exercises were properly dosed.
60
Edin Begi1, Nedim Begi1, Amra Dobraa1, Anida Abazovi1

Ana Vasileva, Marko Kostovski
Faculty of Medicine Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina; 2Ergomed PLC
Ss Cyril and Methodius University in Skopje, Faculty of Medicine Macedonia
Introduction: Ileus is impossibility of passing intestinal contents through

small or large intestine, and it can be mechanical (bowel obstruction) and
paralytic (without physical blockage).
Pulmonary apsergilloma,is typically presented as a growing mass in a preexisting pulmonary cavity due to emphysema, carcinoma or prior tuberculosis. Apsergillus infections are unusual in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome-(AIDS).
Case report: Display of 79 year old female patient, with diagnosis of bowel
obstruction. The patient is sent from local ambulance to hospital for severe
pain in the abdomen, nausea, vomiting and constipation. By physical
examination the abdomen was painful to touch, distended and auscultatory
inaudible. Ultrasound findings asserted hepatomegaly and dilatation of the
small intestine. Intraluminal projection of dilated ascending colon showed
undulating continuous hyperechoic formation (68x36mm). After emptying
the abdomen, ultrasound control established further dilatation of bowel.
Interintestinally collection of free liquid was seen, which is confirmed on
control abdomen X-ray (visible more air fluid levels in the right hemiabdomen).
We report a case of pulmonary aspergilloma in a 63 year old bisexual man

diagnosed with AIDS (CD4 cell count 14 cells/ml and polymerase chain
reaction-human immunodeficiency virus-(PCR-HIV) counted 431125 copies). Since the diagnosis was made he was put on an antiretroviral therapy
with lopinavir-ritonavir, tenofovir, lamivudine. The patient smokes 40 cigarettes per day. CD4 cell count was 71 cells/ml or 4,9%. The initial chest
radiograph showed right apical annularly shaped dark shadowed cavity
with peripheral halo consistent with the diagnosis of aspergilloma. Computed tomography scan revealed aspergilloma. Bronchoscopy and bronchoalveolar lavage-(BAL) were performed. Bronchoscopy showed locally
inflamed area of the right upper lobe with small quantity of secret. Histopathological analysis of BAL found: Aspegillus hyphae, Candida hyphae and
Cryptococcus hyphae which were consistent with mixed pulmonary mycosis. Pulmonary aspergilloma was diagnosed based on clinical and histopathological findings. The patient during his stay was also treated with fluconazole for candida infection and trimetoprim-ketoconazole, as a preventive combination. Then the patient was discharged on oral itraconazole,
which has resulted with good disease control. Nor progression of the disease was found in the control chest radiography neither positive cultures
for Aspergillus were detected.
It was concluded that diagnosis was bowel obstruction, and the abdomen
was opened by medial laparotomy. In the abdomen on the ileocoecal
valve, bolus that can not pass was identified. At 30cm from the valve,
enterotomy was done and the bolus was extracted. Bolus is presented in
the form of whole apricots without stone. Further exploration found 8 similar undigested dried apricots. On third postoperative day peristalsis was
starting to build up, and oral nutrition was applied. On the seventh day
after surgery patient was discharged.
Conclusion: Foreign body (dried fruits), although rare, can cause mechanical ileus, which must be urgently treated surgically.
Impact on medicine: Contribution to the knowledge of possible etiological
causes of mechanical ileus.
Clinical suspicion should alert specialist to consider aspergilloma as a

differential diagnose in a patients with AIDS although it is not common, but
unusual situation.
61
navid yaraghi1, asana vali2
somaye salari seddigh
University of medical science, Iran
DDS, School of Dentistry,orthodontics department, Isfahan University of

Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran; 2Dental Students Research Center,
School of Dentistry, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
Aim: Evaluation of bone reconstruction in mandible of dog that followed

after guided bone regeneration with 2 membranes collagen and connective tissue.
Background: The aim of the present study was to estimate chronological

age based on third molar development and to determine the association
between
dental
age
and
third
molar
calcification
stages.
Method and Methods: The study included 6 male dog and every dog has
4 defects bilaterally With distinct dimensions and a weighted average of
20 kg treated with bone graft in the mandible with 2 kinds of absorbable
membrane of the respectively. horizontal ridge reconstruction using allogenic bone, that covered with connective tissue and a bioabsorbable
collagen were used for the treatment of edentulous ridges between 2 and
4 mm of clinical ridge crest was measured before and 4 months after
surgery.
Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 505 digital panoramic radiographs of 223 males (44.2%) and 282 females (55.8%) between the age of 6 and 17 were selected from patients who were treated in
Departments of Pediatrics and Orthodontics of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences between the years of 2009 and 20013. Correlation between
chronological age and third molar development was analyzed with SPSS
21 using Spearmans Rank correlation coefficient, Chi-square test and
multiple regression statistical tests (P < 0.05).
Result: Statistical and histomorphometric analysis of this study showed

showed bone formation and increasing width of mandibular edentulous
ridge in both groups in comparison before surgery. Based on the clinical
group, The mean difference in terms of clinical edentulous ridge width of 2
mm between the membrane collagen and connective 0/4mm and at 4mm
was zero. was no statistically significant difference. (p(0.05)
Results: All third molars demonstrated a highly significant correlation with

dental age (P < 0.001). The teeth showing the highest relationship with
dental age were mandibular left third molar in males and mandibular right
third molar in females (rs = 0.072). When multiple regression was used to
predict dental age based on molar calcification stage, the only significant
correlation was between maxillary left third molar in males (P < 0.05).
There was no statistically significant correlation for any of third molars in
females. Relationship between chronological age and molars development
stage was significant in all age subgroups and in both gender (P < 0.001).
Conclusion: Bone formation in 2 groups were made, the bone formation

in CT group was slower and bone formation is not completed within 4
months. Therefore, if the application requires more time than 4 months
membrane of connective tissue is needed.
Conclusion: Results showed that third molar calcification stage can be

used as an age predictor and in general mandibular teeth seems to be
more reliable for this purpose in both gender and in all ages.
Magdalena Czeryska1, Paulina Orow1, Magdalena Choromaska2,

Anna Justyna Milewska3
somaye salari seddigh

University of medical science, Iran
Restorative Dentistry Scientific Circle next to Department of Restorative

Dentistry; Scientific Circle next to Department of Statistics and Medical
Informatics, Medical University of Bialystok; 2Department of Restorative
Dentistry, Medical University of Bialystok; 3Department of Statistics and
Medical Informatics, Medical University of Bialystok
Introduction: For diagnosis and treatment of oral lesions in addition to

clinical examination techniqe Radiology is also different. CBCT is a useful
diagnostic accuracy and clinical oral and in many cases - Jaw, used to
identify and determine the severity of disease. In this article we will examine the application and use of CBCT.
Introduction: Dentophobia is a panic fear before an appointment with a

dentist and dental procedures. Fear precedes visit and prevents patient
from treatment. Patient decides to make an appointment only when the
pain makes normal life impossible.
Methods: Systematic review of this research is based on Internet and

dependant sites is relevant.
Results: Scan CBCT in cases where the pain of mouth if there is determination and diagnosis of osteoarthritis, osteoarthrosis, hypoplasia, hyperplasia, aplasia and neoplasia temporomandibular used. CBCT well as pathological conditions of oral different from the apical cysts and fibrous dysplasia and cementoma assess swallowing assessment joint osteoarthritis are
used. Other applications include the identification of dental anomalies,
including cleft palate in between craniofacial, or potential obstruction of
pharyngeal airway and sinuses is increasing.
The aim of the study was assessment a correlation between patients sex
and fear before dental treatment.
Material and Methods: The information were obtained with a authors
survey. 331 questionnaire forms were filled in by patients of Specialistics
Clinics in University Hospital in Bialystok. First of all authors received a
permission from Bioethical Commission. Data was analyzed with Statistica
10.0 (Spearmans Correlation Test, p<0,005).
The components of the paranasal sinuses and joint, review before and
after dental implant lower adjacent channel and assess if trauma is also
responsible for CBCT. Cone-beam technology gives little in the way of soft
tissue detail. This obviously precludes the technique in the assessment of
head and neck malignancy where evaluating the soft tissue extent of the
lesion is crucial.
Results: The question: Are you afraid of dental visit? answered in affirmative way 27,67 % women and 36,80 % men. Fear only before visit felt
11,17 % women and 20,80 % men. During the appointment fear was declared by 7,28 % women and 5,6 % men. Both, before and during the
appointment, fear was felt by 9,2 % women and 9,6 % men. Strong correlation between patients sex and dentophobia was confirmed (r=0,97;
p<0,05).
Conclusion: This imaging technique for evaluation of hard tissues in the

teeth and bone, especially areas craniofacial.
Conclusion: Men more often than women are afraid of dental visit. More
people are mainly scared before than during appointment. The fear during
appointment was declared almost twice more often in group of women and
nearly four times less in group of men. About 1/3 study group of people
suffer from dentophobia are scared before and during the appointment
irrespective of sex.
62
Parinaz Mahdavian, Armita Vali, Hamidreza Roohafza, Ammar hassanzadeh Keshteli, Parastu Afghari, Mohamad javad Shirani, Hamid
Afshar, Omid Savabi, Peyman Adibi
Elham Shadmehr1, Parinaz Mahdavian1, Romina Marvasti1

Isfahan University of medical sciences, Iran
Isfahan university of medical sciences, Iran
Introduction:
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of the orally administered clonidine on achieving successful anesthesia with inferior alveolar
nerve block (IANB) in teeth with irreversible pulpitis.
Introduction: Masticatory ability as a subjective response to masticatory

function indicates patients perception of their mastication. To the best of
our knowledge, there has been no study on association between masticatory ability and psychological status. This study investigated the association between self-assessed masticatory ability and psychological status.
Methods:
In a randomized double-blinded clinical trial, 100 patients (50 per group)
having mandibular molars with irreversible pulpitis randomly received
either 0.2 microg/kg clonidine or placebo one hour before treatment. All
patients received standard IANB of 2% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine. Endodontic access prepara6on was initiated after 15 minutes. Pain
during treatment was recorded by using a Heft Parker visual analog scale
(VAS). Success was recorded as none or mild pain. Data were analyzed
by MannWhitney, C2, Cochrane Q, and t tests as well as Pearson correlation analysis (p<.05).
Methods: In this cross-sectional study, data were extracted from 4,135

questionnaires which had been completed in SEPAHAN project regarding
masticatory ability and psychological statuses (depression, anxiety, and
stress). Masticatory ability was assessed using 5 questions on ability to
chew foods, the ache in dentition or jaw when chewing, pain on mouth
opening and/or biting, feeling of dry mouth, and tooth loss. The Hospital
Anxiety and Depression Scale were used to study depression and anxiety,
and General Health Questionnaire for assessing the stress of study population. To analyze the data, ANOVA, 2 test and Multinomial Regression
were applied at 0.05 for the significance level (confidence interval=95%).
Results:
Statistical analysis with nonparametric chi2 tests showed that placebo
gave 29% success rate. Premedication with clonidine gave 29% success
rate. There was no significant difference between the 2 groups (P > .05).
Results: Both before and after adjusting for age, sex, educational level,
and marital status, the associations between the scores of depression,
anxiety, and stress with masticatory ability level were significant.
Conclusions:
Preoperative administration of clonidine has no significant effect on success rate of IANB in patients with irreversible pulpitis.
Conclusion: Despite study limitations, the results of this study provide

evidence that participants with higher score of depression, anxiety, and
stress suffer lower masticatory ability.
Dra-Ildik Suba1, Simona Marcu2, Simona Mocan3, Adina Cosarca4,

Eszter gota Szigeti1, Ariel Abecassis1, Rbert Gbor Suvanjeiev5,6,
Emke Flp2
1
University of Medicine and Pharmacy Targu Mures, Romania; 2University of Medicine and Pharmacy
Tg Mures, Histology Department; 3Emergency County Hospital, Tg Mures, Pathology Department; 4University of Medicine and Pharmacy Tg Mures, Faculty of Dental Medicine; 5First Clinic of
Psychiatry Targu Mures; 6University of Medicine and Pharmacy Tg Mures, Department of Pharmacology
Background: The epithelium involved in tooth development and its remnants, with differences in their proliferative potential, have a significant
impact on the formation of odontogenic cysts and tumors. Various cell
proliferation markers are used in diagnosing and determining the prognosis
of these odontogenic lesions.
Aim: Assessing the expression of Ki 67 as a marker of cell-proliferation.
Material and method: We performed a retrospective study on 60 cases
diagnosed in the Pathology Department, Trgu Mures, during 2012
2014. We assessed 20 histological samples of each dental follicle of impacted molars, dentigerous cysts and keratocysts due to the age, gender,
immunoexpression of Ki67 in the epithelial remnants of dental follicles, and
the number of positive cells in the basal and parabasal layer of both cystic
lesions.
Results: The mean age of the patients with dental follicle was 19.33,
involving mainly women, with dentigerous cyst 27.95, and keratocyst
36.20, involving mainly men. In the epithelial remnants of dental follicles
immunopositivity was present in 18 cases. Regarding the cystic lesions,
we obtained statistically significant differences (p-0.001) for Ki67, with
significantly higher values for the parabasal layer compared to the basal
layer.
Conclusions: The low age calculated for the dental follicle cases may be
explained by the fact that younger, mainly female patients are frequently
subjected to orthodontic treatment. The positive immunoexpression present in a large number of these lesions indicate their high proliferative
potential and transformation capacity in cystic but also in tumoral lesions.
63
PETER OBIORA NWIGWE

CRIMEA STATE MEDICAL UNIVERSITY SIMFEROPOL RUSSIAN FEDERATION, Russian Federation
Irina Svetlica Stanic

Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Serbia
Introduction: Menstrual disorders are common problem in adolescent all

over the world. It is a debilitating condition seen mostly in young women of
reproductive age, usually form the common gynecological complaints
among adolescents. The common menstrual disorders reported in adolescents are amenorrhea, abnormal/excessive uterine bleeding, dysmenorrhoea, and premenstrual syndrome which can be effectively diagnosed
and treated.
Background: The aim of this study was to determine the relationship

between indicated and spontaneous preterm labor and outcome indicated
and spontaneous preterm labor on the sample of the first 100 patients with
singleton pregnancies and preterm labor in 2012. on GAK "Narodni front".
Methods: In a retrospective study, we evaluated the age and parity of
mothers, and the existence of associated diseases or conditions related to
pregnancy that threatens the health of the mother or fetus. From the data
related to birth was registered gestational weeks at delivery, duration of
labor, time elapsed from rupture of membranes to delivery, mode of delivery, infant birth weight, sex, Apgar score in the first and fifth minute.
Aim: Investigating the prevalence of menstrual related problems/

abnormalities and access menstrual practices among college school adolescent girls.
Methodes: It was a cross-sectional study on a population based sample of
Russian Crimean adolescent aged 15-23 in college school and adolescent
foreigners in Crimea. Only girls who had already started menstruating were
requested to participate. Information was collected by means of questionnaire that included items on the girls demography, anthropometric, smoking and drinking habit, use of contraceptive pills and socioeconomic status.
Results: In the group of spontaneous preterm labor was statistically significantly longer duration of delivery and time of rupture of membranes to
delivery. In the group of indicated premature labor significantly more frequent delivery Cesarean section compared to the group of spontaneous
premature delivery. In the subgroup of spontaneous preterm labor with
intact amniotic membranes significantly more frequent delivery Cesarean
section compared to the subgroup with preterm rupture of membranes.
Results: A total of 1800 questionnaires were administered and 725 were

returned, 120 girls failed to report their date of birth, 93 failed to report their
menstrual problems, so 512 subjects were analyzed. In the sample population 4.0% of the girls had menstruation interval <21 days, while it was >35
days in 4.5%. About 8% of the girls said the length of their menstruation
interval was currently irregular. About 7% of the girls were suffering from
dysmenorrheal.
Conclusion: Spontaneous preterm labor was more common than indicated preterm labor. Preterm birth without spontaneous rupture of membranes is more common than the preterm labor with preterm prematurely
ruptured membranes. The most common cause of indicated preterm labor
occurs preeclampsia.
Conclusion: In conclusion, adolescent girls referring persistent oligomenorrhea first two years from menarche had a higher risk for developing persistent menstrual irregularities. They had longer bleeding periods
(>7days) and this has practical implications because it makes adolescent
potentially more susceptible to iron deficiency anemia.
ASTRIT M. Gashi
Andrea Kalmar, Gabriella Hulln
University Clinical Center of Kosova, Kosovo
Etvs Lornd University, Hungary
Aim: The primary objective of this research was to determine the incidence
rate of twin pregnancies during 2013, in Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinic /
University Clinical Centre of Kosovo.
Background: Nowadays in Hungary one of ten children is born before the

37th week. This is significantly lower than the European average. 80% of
the preterm infants are born between the 32.-36 week. They are referred
as late preterm infants. There are many research being carried out concerning preterm births but very little of them focuses on the aforementioned group. The Brczi Gusztv Faculty of Special Education and Pterfy
Hospital Neonatology Department together targeted this group with their
research.
Material and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study, were analyzing

protocols of births during 2013, in Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinic.
Results: From 10286 births realized G.O.C. during 2013, 97.22 %
(n=10,000)were singleton pregnancies, 2.78% (n=286) multiple pregnancies, Of these 2.63%(n=270) twins,0.15% (n=16) triplets pregnancy, quadruplets pregnancy had not. By the method of conception: 22.2% (n=60)
were twin pregnancies of perform to the use of ART, while 77.8% (n=210)
with spontaneous conception. From 270 twin pregnancies 64.8%were born
with section Caesarean, 35.2%, with the vaginal birth. The average gestational age of all twin pregnancies in births result to be: 35.6 weeks pregnant, where 50.74% (n=137) were infants born in time or after the
37thweek of gestation, while 49.26% (n=133) were born preterm or before
37th week of gestation. Although 3.33 % (n=9) were infants born before
28th gestational week, in an age so early pregnancy 10.75% (n=29) before
32th week, 35.18% (n=95) were born between 32-36 +6 week gestation.
The average weight of all twins born alive was 2395 grams, where 3.8%
(n=20) were born less than 1000 Grams,7.7% (n=40) 1500Grams, 47.3%
(n=247)2500Grams and 41.2% (n=215)2500Grams.
Methods: Our work is a comparative analysis conducted on late preterm

and term children at different ages (6 month, 1 year, 2 years). The followup study examined the development quotient and other ability quotients of
both groups. Our assumption (before we start the measurements) was that
preterm infants results will significantly differ from term infants. We employed the Brunet-Lzine method to assess their psychomotor development.
Results: The test is able to show the developmental quotient (DQ), which
couple with other quotients (movement, speech, social skills, sensorimotor
coordination), so it is a good base for comparison between the studied
groups. Similarly to IQ values, 90-110 is considered as average, values
below 70 suggest significant retardation, needing professional intervention.
Conclusion: Based on our results in Brunet Lzine test late preterm infants achieved better points than term infants.
Conclusions: From this study result that: the proportion of the incidence of
twin pregnancy during 2013 in G.O.C-Prishtina was 26.25 twin pregnancies for 1000 live birth of babies, or 2.63% in percentage of pregnancies
from total number of births in Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinic. This significant increase of the incidence of twin pregnancies is attributed mostly
using assisted reproductive technology (IVF et ET) for conception, but also
other factors such as increasing age of pregnant mothers and maternal
parity.
64
Edit Pataki, Rudolf Lampe

Tams Kvendy
Medical University of Debrecen, Hungary
Introduction: Recent research studies indicate that women, who underwent chorion villus sampling (CVS) during pregnancy, has higher risk to
hypertension compared with those, who underwent amniocentesis (AC).
The reason could be the destruction of the placenta during CVS. The
results are contradictory in different research articles. Our goal was to
observe the appearance of gestational hypertension in CVS and AC in a
low risk population of our clinic.
Purpose of review: Total laparoscopic hysterectomy is one of the newest

methods of hysterectomy. According to the literature these type of laparoscopic hysterectomy is safer, patients need less hospitalization, and the
amount of blood loss is lower. In some cases evidence-based studies
support the laparoscopic approach over total abdominal hysterectomy.
Our aim was to evaluate our results in the abdominal and laparoscopic
surgical methods of hysterectomy for women with benign disease.
Materials and Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the CVS and AC

tests, which was carried out in our Clinic, between 2013 and 2014. In case
of CVS we made the intervention during the 10-13th week of pregnancy,
while the AC was performed during the 17-21th week, under ultrasound
control. Only those cases were selected in our study, who had normal
cytogenetic and the births took place in our clinic.
Patients and investigations: At the Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics we examined data of abdominal and total laparoscopic hysterectomies retrospectively between October 2013 and December 2014. We have
analyzed the age of the patients, the indications of the operations, the
blood loss, and the full hospitalization time.
Results: Number of 107 pregnant mothers, who underwent CVS and 299
individuals, who had AC, passed the inclusion criteria. Preeclampsia was
performed in 2 and 5 pregnant mothers (1.87 % and 1.67 %). In cases of
28 and 9 we observed all kind of pathology, associated with high blood
pressure (8.41%; 9.36%).
Results: Based on our inclusion criteria, during this period we performed

75 abdominal and 17 laparoscopic hysterectomies. The mean age of the
patients were 49,9 and 49 year. The most common indication of the operations was uteine myoma. We found significant divergence in the hospitalization time, but there were not differences in the amount of blood loss.
Conclusions: According to our observation in our clinic, CVS did not

increased the incidence of gestational hypertension (including preeclampsia), compared with the results of the group of AC. The occurrence of
these pathologies is similar to the group of pregnant mothers, who did not
go under this kind of interventions. Our retrospective analysis was not able
to prove the higher incidence of hypertension after CVS.
Conclusion: According to the literature results, less intra- and postoperative bleeding, shorter hospitalization time, lower rate of morbidity and
shorter convalescence period all represent the obvious advantages of
laparoscopic method in comparison to abdominal hysterectomy. Our results confirmed only the less hospitalization time.
65
Maryna Bocharova, Ludmila Krivenko, Vitalii Sakal, Vitalii Gargin
mostafa Alizadeh, ali salehi, hamid rezvani, mahdi ahmadian, shayan

amjadi, bahman sadeghi sadeh
Kharkiv National Medical University, Ukraine;

ARAK University OF MEDICAL SCIENCES, Iran
The aim of our work was to identify the inflammatory signs in the esophageal mucosa in gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD).
Background and Purpose: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a

denomination that encompasses clinical and pathological spectrums,
ranging from simple steatosis to Non-Alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH),
fibrosis and cirrhosis. Insulin resistance causes the accumulation of triglycerides in the liver, leading to oxidative damage and accumulation of more
fat in hepatocytes. pioglitazone reduces insulin resistance and Q10 is also
an antioxidant, so it appears that they may be effective in controlling
NAFLD. The aim of the present study was to compare the effects of enzyme Q10 and Pioglitazone on liver enzymes in patients with NAFLD.
Methods: We studied biopsy of 223 patients, which have been diagnosed

GERD: 104 cases of non-erosive GERD (NEGERD), 77 patients of erosive ulcerous form (EUGERD), 42 patients of Barrett's esophagus (BE).
Results: First degree infiltration of mononuclear elements was observed
in 49 patients (47.12 %), II degree - in 55 patients (52.88 %) in patients
with NEGERD. III degree of infiltration was not detected in any patient of
NEGERD. First degree infiltration was observed in 5 patients (6.49 %), II
degree - in 53 patients (68.83 %), III degree - in 19 cases (24.68 %) for
patients with EUGERD. That indicator was observed and in BE patients: I
degree 17 patients (40.48 %), II degree 23 patients (54.76 %), III degree 2 cases (4.71 %).
Methods: In a triple-blind, controlled Trial, 61patients with NAFLD were

randomised to oral Pioglitazon 30 mg or 150mg of Q10 daily for 6 weeks.
Liver enzymes (ALT, AST), body mass index (BMI) and sonographic grade
of fatty liver was studied at baseline and the end of study.
Infiltration of polymorphonuclear cells was detected in 89 patients with

NEGERD (85.58 %), all patients with EUGERD and 38 patients with BE
(90.48 %). First degree observed in 67 patients (75.28 %) with NEGERD,
II degree in 20 patients (22.47 %), III degree in 2 cases (2.25%). In patients with EUGERD first degree was observed in 4 patients (5.19 %), II
degree in 23 patients (29.87 %), III degree in 50 cases (64.94 %). Distribution of this indicator in BE patients was: I degree 23 - patients (60.53
%), II degree - 7 patients (18.42 %), III degree - 8 cases (21.05%).
Results: 30 patients in Q10 group and 31 patients in Pioglitazon group

completed the study. In patients, treatment with both Q10 and Pioglitazon
produced a significant (p<0.05) decrease in the BMI, hepatic transferases
and grade of NAFLD, but there was no significant difference between the
groups (p>0.05).
Conclusions: This proof-of-concept study shows that both Q10 and pioglitazon tends to decrease liver enzymes in patients with NAFLD. Further
studies with this compound are warranted.
Ioan Serban Fanfaret1, Dora-Ildiko Suba1, Oana Maria Marginean1,

Zita Fazakas2, Victor Balogh-Samarghitan2
Rada Jeremi, Marija Jeremi, Ankica Bjeli, Marina eli

School of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Serbia
University of Medicine and Pharmacy Tirgu-Mures, Romania; 2University

of Medicine and Pharmacy Tirgu-Mures, Romania, Department of Biochemistry
Background: The relationship between body weight excess and hypertension has been demonstrated. No data have been reported concerning
relationship between body fat percentage (BF%) and blood pressure (BP)
in elite athletes.
Background and Objective: The incidence of metabolic syndrome is

constantly increasing. The main purpose of our study was to examine the
relationship between serum uric acid level and the prevalence of metabolic
syndrome.
Methods: A total of 815 men elite athletes from a variety of sports were
examined. BF% levels were divided in 3 groups: low: 8, optimal: 9-19%
and overweight: 20%. Anthropometric measurements (height, weight,
body mass index (BMI), BF%) were performed. Systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) blood pressures were measured after 5 min of resting, and
VO2max was measured by exercise test on treadmill.
Material and methods: In the study there were enrolled 92 patients (46
men and 46 women) being in the evidence of three General Practitioners
Cabinets from Tirgu-Mures, Romania. Metabolic syndrome was defined
using American Heart Association (AHA) criteria and a value of the uric
acid 6.0 mg/dl for women and 6.8 mg/dl for men represents hyperuricemia. Information was provided from the medical records of the patients,
evaluating them for: gender, age, body mass index (BMI), medical conditions, complications and laboratory analysis.
Results and Conclusion: The players mean age was 21.5 years and
mean resting BP 115/73 10/8 mmHg. 350 athletes had low BF%, 422
had optimal BF%, while 43 athletes had BF% in overweight category. The
incidence of hypertension (SBP 140 and/or DBP 90 mmHg) was 13.2%
in low BF%, 17.5% in optimal and 42.5% in overweight group. There was a
statistically significant difference in height, weight, BMI, BF%, resting SBP
and DBP, VO2 max and maximal DBP (p<0.001), but there was no significant difference in maximal SBP. Athletes in overweight category had significantly higher resting SBP and DBP values and lower VO2 max compared to all other athletes (p<0.001). Additionally, there was a significant
negative linear relationship between BP values and VO2 max only in optimal BF% group (r= -0.24, p<0.001). Optimal body composition in athletes
is a determinant of resting BP. BF% elevation is strong negative predictive
factor for maximal oxygen uptake and resting BP.
Results and Conclusion: Hyperuricemia was more common in men

39.1% than women 13%. The average value of serum uric acid level in
men was 9.2 mg/dl and women 6.5 mg/dl and average age of the man
included in the study 54 years and 62 years for women. In men, serum uric
acid level was statistically significant correlated with blood pressure
(r=0.393), blood glucose level (r=0.311) and triglyceride (r=0.288). In
woman, serum uric acid level was statistically significant correlated with
triglyceride (r=0.372), blood pressure (r=0.325) and blood glucose level
(r=0.252). Patients presented an average value of the BMI of 26.8 corresponding to the overweight pre-obese category after the World Health
Organization (WHO) classification.
Serum uric acid level is strongly associated with metabolic syndrome.
66
Nedim Begi1, Edin Begi1, Denan Jahi1, Amra Dobraa2, Aida

Begi3
Sarolta Kovcs
Faculty of Medicine, University Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina; 2Ergomed PLC; 3Faculty of Pharmacy, University Sarajevo, Bosnia
and Herzegovina
Background: Standard radiography is important in diagnostic of congenital heart disease in children in primary and secondary health care because
more sophisticated methods, like echocardiography, CT and MRI of heart,
are non administrable.
The venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a severe healthcare problem,

looking at the acute and long term complications. The background and risk
factors of the thrombophilia are not completely known yet. The role of the
AT (SERPINC1), PC (PROC), endothelial protein C receptor (PROCR) and
PS (PROS1) genes polymorphisms in VTE is antinomic in the research
literature. Our aim was to examine the incidence of the following genes
polymorphisms in patients with VTE (n=291) and in a control population
(n=220): PROC gene rs1799809 (IVS1-1641A>G), rs1799808 (IVS11654C>T), rs1799810 (IVS1-1476A>T), rs2069928 (IVS7+111G>T) and
rs1401296 (3UTR C>T); the PROCR gene rs867186 (p.Ser219Gly),
rs6088735 (5UTR C>T) and rs8119351 (5UTR G>A), the SERPINC1
gene rs2227589 (IVS1+141G>A) and rs121909548 (p.Ala384Ser, Cambridge II) and the PROS1 gene rs8178649 (IVS11+54T>C) and
rs121918472 (p.Ser501Pro, Heerlen).
Material: Evaluation of possible congenital heart disease can mostly be

done with posterior-anterior heart and lungs roentgen: based on look of
heart shade (size, shape and position of heart and big heart vessels) and
based on lungs vascularization.
Results: We evaluate size of heart based on measurement of cardiothoracal index (Gredel index), which shows possible cardiomegaly-above 0,55.
Characteristic configurations which indicates on congenital heart disease
are the shape of military boot in Fallot tetralogy, shape of 8 in total anomaly vein inflow, shape of egg laid on side in transposition of big heart vessels, shape of duck in aortal stenosis, shape of number 3 in aortal coarctation, picture of bald tree in pulmonary arterial hypertension (Eisenmenger),
enlargement like HALO around shadow equally to upper medistinum in
atrial septal defect and ventricular septal defect, with elevated apex (atrial
septal defect) or normal apex (ventricular septal defect), reduction of left
heart chambers in hypoplasia of left heart, reduction of right heart chambers in hypoplasia of right heart. Reduced pulmonary vascularization is
found in right-left shunt heart diseases, and right-sided opstructions. Increased pulmonary vascularization is found in congenital heart diseases of
left-right shunt.
We used a high channel capacity primer extension assay developed by us.

The frequency of the minor alleles were similar to different european databases in both groups. Carrying the PROC rs1401296 polymorphism increases the risk of VTE under the age of 50 significantly (95%CI: 1.273.10). At the presence of the PROCR p.Ser219Gly and the PROC
rs1401296 polymorphisms occoured the VTE 7 and 5 years earlier. The
carriers of the FV Leiden mutation with VTE (n=94) have a higher rate of
recurrent thromboembolic events, if they carry the PROC rs2069928 polymorphism simultaneously (OR 2,98; 95%CI 1,11-7,50, p=0,029).
Conclusion: Roentgen diagnostic, is less popular because of modern

methods, although combined with classic clinical methods and ECG, can
be useful for congenital heart disease diagnose.
Our results are suggesting, that the polymorphisms of the protein C

pathway are influencing the severity of VTE. According to our results,
further clinical and biochemical studies are required.
67
Demir Gici, Dolika Vasovi

Akerke Jarbolova, Nazira Nurgain, Laila Kenebayeva, Aijuldiz Dauletkeldi
Department of microbiology and immunology, Faculty of medicine, University of Belgrade, Serbia
Kazakh Naional Medical University, Kazakhstan
Introduction: Beta lactam antibiotics and macrolides are often the first
choice for empirical treatment of pneumococcal infections. However, over
the last decade, erythromycin and penicillin co-resistance in pneumococci
has become a global concern. The aim of this study was to determine the
resistance to penicillin in macrolide resistant non-invasive clinical isolates
of Streptococcus pneumoniae in Serbia, as well as to find out distribution
of macrolide resistant phenotypes.
Baxkground: Cases of salmonellosis among the children at the age of the

first year are increasing. This is the first comparative characteristic of
Salmonella infection in children of different ages, caused by S. virchow
with salmonellosis caused by S.enteritidis.
Methods: Two groups of children with salmonellosis caused by different
serogroups - Salmonella enteritidis (hereinafter Group 1) and Salmonella
virchow (hereinafter - Group 2) and received inpatient treatment at the
Children's City Hospital of Infectious Diseases in Almaty were observed.
The number of children in each test group was 30 (100%).
Materials and Methods: A total of 157 macrolide resistant non-invasive

pneumococcal isolates were collected from 10 laboratories throughout of
country, during 2010.Antimicrobial susceptibility for penicillin was tested
using E test.The obtained results for penicillin were interpreted according
to CLSI guidelines for both oral and pareneteral penicillins. Macrolide
resistance phenotypes were determined by a double disk diffusion test.
Results: Salmonellosis caused by S.enteritidis occurs in children more

often than salmonellosis caused by S.virchow. Boys often get sick in
Group 1 and no sex differences were found in Group 2. Salmonellosis
caused by both pathogens most commonly affects children at the age of
the first year of life. The main syndromes of intestinal damage in salmonellosis of both groups were gastroenterocolitis, and enterocolitis. Drugs of
choice in antibiotic therapy of salmonellosis in the two study groups of
children were aminoglycosides of 2nd and 3rd generation.
Results: The rate of penicillin resistance among macrolide resistant noninvasive pneumococcal strains was high and dependent on the criteria used
for interpretation. When we used CLSI criteria for oral penicillins, up to
92,35% strains expressed coresistance to penicillins and macrolides.However, this percentage was significantly lower (34,39%) if criteria
for parenteral penicillins was applied. Among all macrolide-resistant isolates, 80,88% exhibited the MLS phenotype: 123 (78,34%) belonged to the
cMLS, and 4 (2,54%) to the iMLS phenotype. The remaining 30 isolates
(19, 12%) were confirmed as M phenotype.
Discussion: Salmonellosis caused by S. virchow and S.enteritidis often

occurs in moderate form. Children at the age of the first year of life suffer
from salmonellosis caused as S.enteritidis, and S. virchow more often than
children of other ages. Mixed infection form is more common for salmonellosis caused by S.enteritidis. Efficiency of etiotropic treatment at the present stage of salmonellosis caused by control pathogens achieved mainly
by using aminoglycosides.
Conclusion: It could be concluded that co-resistance to both penicillins

and macrolides among the non-invasive pneumococcal strains in our
country is high, regardless of criteria used for interpretation. Most of our
strains expressed the MLS phenotype.
Michael Beck1,2, Maximilian Mora1, Christoph Hgenauer1, Robert

Krause1, Christine Moissl-Eichinger1,3
Hossein Hosseini
Medical University Graz, Austria; 2University of Regensburg, Department

for Microbiology and Archaea Center; 3BioTechMed Graz
Qom University of Medical Science, Iran
Background: Archaea are microorganisms that- although at first glance

resembling Bacteria- are totally different in cellular organization, molecular
processes and general behavior (e.g. resistance against most antibiotics).
Interestingly, at least to the recent state of research no archaeal pathogen
has been identified, even though there are some striking correlations with
for instance obesity, atherosclerosis , oral infections and probably skin pH
regulation
.
Objectives: Human associated Archaea are addressed only in a low
number of studies (compared to the human bacteriome. Therefore we are
particularly screening for Archaea within the human microbiome with
respect to their abundance, diversity and stability.
Methods: For the detection of Archaea different primers targeting the 16S
rRNA gene were tested and applied. The samples for our screenings are
obtained from healthy/ diseased patients of the Medical University Graz.
Results: We will map the diversity and abundance of Archaea in several
samples (digestive tract, lung, skin and stool) compared to bacteria and
fungi.
Impact on medicine: The presented results will deliver better insights in
where to search for certain Archaea and maybe give hints on their association with certain diseases.
68
Monika Tawdrous1, Angela Horvath1, Schmerbck Bianca1, Bettina

Leber1, Astrid Hartl2, Walter Spindelbck1, Gnter Fauler1, Tatjana
Stojakovic1, Vanessa Stadlbauer1, Karin Amrein1, Lisa OfnerZiegenfuss1
Nora Hofer1, Siegfried Rdl1, Ines Zollner-Schwetz2, Jasmin Pansy1,

Martin Hnigl2, Reinhard Raggam3, Robert Krause2, Christian Urban1,
Volker Strenger1
1
Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical University

of Graz, Austria; 2Department of Medicine, Medical University of Graz,
Austria; 3Clinical Institute of Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University of Graz, Austria
Medical University of Graz, Austria; 2University of Applied Science of

Graz;
Background: Neutrophil granulocytes are components of the innate immune system and pioneers in the fight against fungal and bacterial infections. We hypothesize that the high infection risk in liver disease is due to
impaired neutrophil function. Therefore we compared neutrophil function
and bile acid levels of hepatitis C induced cirrhosis (HCViC) and secondary
sclerosing cholangitis (SSC) to healthy controls.
Methods: Controls (n=21), patients with HCViC (n=21) and patients with
SSC (n=8) were investigated. Neutrophil function (oxidative burst and
phagocytosis) were measured by flow cytometry. All bile acids were measured by a tandem mass spectrometry method.
Results: The neutrophil phagocytosis index in HCViC is significantly lower
than in SSC (p=0.008) and healthy controls (p=0.001). The percentage of
non-phagocytic neutrophils is higher in HCViC than healthy controls
(p=0.000) but was similar to SSC. Resting burst and priming are not different between the groups. The HCViC group shows lower oxidative burst
after bacterial stimulation than the SSC (p=0.002) and the healthy group
(p=0.002). SSC patients show similar neutrophil function to healthy controls. There is no biological significant correlation between the bile acid
levels and the neutrophil function.
Discussion: HCViC patients have impaired neutrophil function, whereas
SSC patients show unaltered neutrophil function. Bile acid levels do not
influence the neutrophil function.
Impact on medicine: The impaired innate immune system in patients with
HCViC might account for the high infection rate in this group.
Giorgi Gagua2, Mariam Beridze1

1
Youth for Public Health, Georgia; 2Tbilisi State Medical University, Georgia
69
ava vali sichani1, asana vali sichani2

Ariel Abecassis1, Rbert Gbor Suvanjeiev2,3, Dra Ildik Suba1,
Theodor Moica2,4, Iosif Gbos Grecu2,4
khorasgan University of medical sciences, Iran, Islamic Republic

of; 2esfahan University of medical sciences
University of Medicine and Pharmacy Tirgu Mures, Romania; 2First clinic of Psychiatry Targu
Mures; 3Department of Pharmacology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Tirgu Mures; 4Department
of Psychiatry, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Tirgu Mures;
Objectives:
Introduction: Acute psychotic disorder (APD) is an abnormal condition of

the conciseness. It is a term for a mental state which described as
disconnection from the reality, which usually manifests as hallucination,
delirium or other thought disorders. People with APD are described as
psychotic. Alzheimer's disease (AD) in the other hand is a neurodegenerative disease, which is the main cause of dementia. The aim of the study
was to find a correlation between gender and the occurrence of APD in
patients with AD.
Limited evidence is available regarding mutual interactions between psychological factors and tooth loss. This study aimed to investigate the association between these two issues.
Method:
In this 2011cross-sectional study we obtained data from 4,585 adults who
had completed information in 20 counties across Isfahan province, Iran,
regarding tooth loss and psychological factors (depression, anxiety and
stress level). To analyze the data ANOVA and multiple ordinal regressions
were applied. Results: After adjusting socio-demographic factors, the
association between depression (OR 1.23; 95%CI=1.01, 1.49), anxiety
(OR 1.19; 95%CI=1.03, 1.38), and high stress level (OR
95%CI=1.19; 1.01, 1.39) remained significant.
Methods: A cross sectional study, which involves 1502 patients who

visited the 1st Psychiatric Clinic of Targu-Mures and were diagnosed with
AD, was done. The data (age, gender, treatment, comorbidities) was gathered from a5year period, between January2010 and November2014.
Results: The study involves 1502 patients (917 females (61.11%) and 585
males (39.01%)). Regardless of gender the average age is 77.1, according
to gender: females 78.1, males 75.5. The occurrence of comorbidities:
Hypertension: 36% (544patients); Chronic ischemic cardiopathy: 17.5%
(263patients); Diabetes: 1.9% (29patients); Epilepsy: 1.5% (24patients);
APD:18% (275patients), among them 187 female (67.6%among patients
with APD; representing 20.4%of the total number of female patients with
AD [917patients]) and 89males (32.4%among patients with APD; representing 15.21% of the total number of male patients with AD [585patients]).
Conclusion:
We confirm the interaction between psychological factors and tooth loss,
but recommend further studies on a national Iranian population.
Conclusion: According to the results the appearance of APD is the most

common associated psychiatric disorders and the second most common
comorbidity after hypertension in patients with AD. Despite that the number
of female patients that developed APD is higher than the number of male
patients that developed APD, this difference between of occurrence in the
assessed group doesnt show a significant difference between gender
distribution, so we cant say that female gender can be considered a risk
factor of developing APD in patients with AD.
Andreas Skavantzos, Tanja Macheiner, Hans-Peter Kapfhammer, Eva

Reininghaus
Iman Mohammadi, Milad Etemadi Shalamzari, Abbas Haghighat,

Naser Kaviani
Isfahan university of medical science, dental faculty, Iran
Background: Treatment of trigeminal neuralgia (TN) is a challenging

procedure for many physicians. In this study, the effect of acupuncture in 4
points as a complementary treatment is evaluated for the TN patients
receiving drug therapy simultaneously.
Methods: Sixteen patients with typical TN symptoms (pain in one or both
V2 and V3 branches) were selected. Each patient was treated with standard dosage of Carbamazepine for one month. After this treatment period,
intensity of patients pain was recorded based on Visual Analogue Scale
(VAS) and patients were divided to two groups: control and study; Study
group was treated with acupuncture in addition to drug therapy. Acupuncture points were ST 3, ST 4, ST 7, LI 4. Acupuncture therapy was conducted for four weeks, 30 minutes in three days a week. The VAS of the
patients was recorded at the end of each week. Data were analyzed using
Mann-Whitney U test and Kruskal-Wallis test.
Results: There was significant difference between pain intensity of the
control and study groups at the end of acupuncture therapy period
(p=0.002).
Conclusion: Acupuncture can be applied as a complementary therapy for
patients with trigeminal neuralgia.
70
Javad Jamshidi1, Hossein Darvish2, Babak Emamalizadeh3,

Alireza Zare Bidoki4
1
Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran; 2Department of Medical

Genetics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran,
Iran; 3Department of Medical Genetics,Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; 4Department of Immunology,Tehran University
of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran;
71
Saleh Hosseinnezhad Azhiri

Negar Pedram1, Naser Pouladi2, Ebrahim Sakhinia1
University of Tabriz, Iran
Department of medical genetics, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of

Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; 2Department of biology, Faculty of Science, Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University,Tabriz, Iran
Background & Objective: According to the high incidence of leukemia in

the world and various side effects of available treatment methods, finding
of an effective and low danger new treatment of these malignancies are
unavoidable. Preparation of SIM5 has the herbal basic and our previous
studies have shown inhibition effect of SIM5 on different cell lines. The
present study investigated the effect of SIM5 and its five fractions on murine BCL1 cell line (resembles a subset of human patients with CLL) and
normal lymphocytes.
Background: Breast cancer is a clinically heterogeneous and complex

disorder and its Transformation can occur in different shapes which may
be manifested as identical clinicopathologic indices. MDM4 is a negative
regulator of p53 tumor suppression pathway. Different researches have
revealed that the rs4245739A>C polymorphism of MDM4 in 3 untranslated region makes it a miR-191 target site which leads to lower
MDM4 expression.
On the other side the importance of Arg72Pro polymorphism of p53 in
breast cancer has been proven. So, the aim of this study is to realize the
correlation of these SNPs and the risk of breast cancer in East-Azerbaijan,
Iran.
Methods: Alcoholic extract and R100-R5 fractions of SIM5 were prepared

and diluted in RPMI 1640 at final concentrations of 2-0.001mg/ml.BCL1
and mice spleen lymphocytes were cultured 20104/well and incubated
with extract and fractions for 48h. Cell viability of normal lymphocytes and
BCL1 were measured with MTT test.
Results: 2, 1, 0.5, 0.2 mg/ml concentrations of alcoholic extract decreased cell viability of BCL1 without any toxic effect on normal cells. 2, 1,
0.5 mg/ml of all fractions (except R100) and 0.2, 0.1 mg/ml significantly
diminished BCL1 viability. The lowest IC50 was obtained using R10.
Methods: 199 healthy controls and 206 breast cancer women of EasternAzerbaijan, Iran were included. Tetra-ARMS PCR was employed in order
to detect alleles of both positions. SPSS for Windows (version 22.0, IBM
SPSS Inc., USA) and the SHEsis, online software was exerted for allele
typing, genotyping, and haplotype analysis.
Conclusion: According to the points that SIM5 is non-toxic and eatable

preparation, is able to inhibit significantly BCL1 cell line growth, and has no
toxic effect on normal cell, after appropriate experimental trials, could be
designed for clinical usage.
Results and Conclusion: Different alleles of both MDM4 rs4245739 and

p53 Arg72Pro had no significant frequency in patients (P>0.05). Also
genotypes of neither MDM4 rs4245739 nor p53 Arg72Pro could increase
or decrease breast cancer risk in patients in comparison to healthy women.
Gene-gene interaction also could not significantly affect breast cancer risk.
Ongoing study resulted that two genetic variants, MDM4 rs4245739 and
p53 Arg72Pro polymorphisms, was failed to be associated, alone and
combinatorial, with the risk of breast cancer in Iranian-Azeri Patients.
However, additional well-designed studies on large populations are required to validate this association.
seiedreza seiedmohammaddoulabi, hosein kawussi, danial isapour

shahid beheshti university of medical science, Iran
Robert Dzhanaev
Background and Methods: Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most common type of malignancy that rarely causes death but results in cosmetic
problems and is associated with high treatment cost. Clinical characteristics of this cancer are related to the host and environmental factors. These
factors are specific for each area and may change over the time. The aim
of this study was to find clinical characteristics of BCC in Kermanshah city.
North-Ossetian State Medical Academy, Russian Federation

Introduction: Most of the available anticancer drugs have side effects that
can affect all levels of homeostasis. Anthracycline and glycopeptide antibiotics are widely used in treatment of oncological diseases. We aimed to
study effects of doxorubicin and bleomycin, which are one of them, on lipid
peroxidation and antioxidant protection system.
This cross-sectional study was done on 119 histopathologically documented BCC cases in Haj Dayi skin clinic in Kermanshah in 2009. Demographic data of patients and characteristics of the lesions including their
number, location, size and clinical type were recorded. Data were analyzed
using ANOVA and chi squared tests.
Methods: Research project was carried out in 21 Wistar male rats. Animals were divided into three groups, 7 rats in each: control group, doxorubicin experimental group, in which rats were twice injected intraperitoneally
with doxorubicin hydrochloride at a dose of 1.25mg/kg at 10-day interval
and bleomycin experimental group in which animals twice received intraperitoneal 0.5mg/kg doses of bleomycin at 10-day interval. Erythrocyte
malondialdehyde was measured according to the method of Asacawa,
catalase activity was estimated by the method of Beutler. Plasma hydroperoxides were measured by using butanol test.
Results and Conclusion: The patients had a total number of 171 BCC
lesions. Nodular type encompassed 158 (92.4%) lesions and was the most
common clinical form. Pigmented subtype included one third of lesions and
was significantly more common in male patients with moderate brown skin
and following radiotherapy (P<0.05). The nose was the most common area
of involvement and actinic keratosis was the most common associated skin
lesion. In this study, the most common clinical and pathological type of
BCC was nodular type. It was observed in old patients, those with outdoor
jobs and was associated with actinic keratosis.
Results: In doxorubicin experimental group we observed statistically

significant (<0.001) decrease of malondialdehyde and plasma hydroperoxides concentration by 36.7% and 15.5% respectively, catalase activity
decreased by 59% in comparison to the control group. In bleomycin experimental group we detected statistically significant (<0.05) decrease of
malondialdehyde concentration by 12% compared with control group,
plasma hydroperoxides concentration and catalase activity increased by
21% and 24% respectively.
Educational and screening programs for prevention, early detection and

diagnosis, and appropriate treatment for high-risk individuals are suggested.
Conclusion: Thus, both drugs may cause activation of lipid peroxidation

and doxorubicin causes inhibition of antioxidant system. Revealed parametric differences in two experimental groups could be explained by unequal intensity of compensatory reactions, which were stronger in bleomycin experimental group.
72
Ruben Errampalli, Florian Kleinegger, Christina Angelika Passegger,

Roswitha Pfragner, Gert Schwach, Rudolf Schicho, Nassim GhaffariTabrizi-Wizsy
Mariusz Ligocki, Anna Trzeciecka, Sylwia Gajda, Marcin Morawski
Medical University of Warsaw, Poland
Background: Tumor cell invasion is a key factor for the prognosis and
progression of cancer. Therapeutic possibilities are limited at this stage
and therefore metastatic tumors often result in a poor clinical outcome.
Recent studies have shown that cannabidiol could inhibit tumor invasion
and proliferation in breast cancer through the down-regulation of ID-1, an
inhibitor of helix-turn-helix transcription factors.
Aim: The prognosis in case of liver metastases (LM) derived from melanoma is poor, with median survival less than 6 months. The aim of the
study was to assess survival rates and prognostic factors after total resection of LM from metastatic melanoma compared with colorectal liver metastases (CLM).
Materials and Methods: Clinical data of 37 patients with LM from cutaneous (n=8) and ocular (n=29) melanoma were reviewed retrospectively.
Every patient underwent total LM resection (R0) within 1999-2013. The
long-term survival rate was estimated with the Kaplan-Meier method and
compared to the survival after hepatic resection of CLM evaluated in the
same department and time (n=1,029; unpublished data). Uni- and multivariate analyses were performed to identify factors that may affect the
survival rate.
Aims: ID1 is highly expressed in the small intestine neuroendocrine tumor

(SI-NET) cell line P-STS. We therefore hypothesize that cannabinoids can
also inhibit proliferation and invasion of P-STS via the down-regulation of
ID-1.
Methods: P-STS cells are incubated with various concentrations of cannabinoids for 1-5 days. Subsequently, the ID1 expression is observed and
proliferation is assessed by determining the cell number. After the incubation period, the cells are grafted onto chicken chorioallantoic membrane
(CAM) for 72-172 hours. The xenografts are stained immunohistochemically for Ki67 and SI-NET markers and analyzed to determine the impact of
cannabinoids on tumor cell proliferation and invasion.
Results: The mean age was 55.412.8 years. 1, 3, 5-years survival rates
after LM resection were 74.2%; 43.3%; 32.5% for patients with metastatic
melanoma and 88.0%; 61.5%; 47.6% for patients with CLM (p<0.05). In
the subgroups of metastatic melanoma, 1,3,5-years survival rates were
70.0%; 41.2%; 25.7% for ocular melanoma and 87.5%; 50.0%; 50.0% for
cutaneous melanoma (p=0.401). Number of melanoma metastases within
the liver did not worsen the survival rate if all were removed totally (R0)
during the single operation (no re-operation needed).
Expected results: We expect cannabinoid receptors to be expressed in

the P-STS cell line and that cannabinoids may have anti-tumor effect in PSTS cell line via inhibition of ID1. Therefore the administration of cannabinoids to the cell culture should down-regulate ID1 and lead to a lower
proliferation rate compared to the control. We also expect to inhibit the
invasive growth of P-STS cells treated with cannabinoids.
Conclusion: Although liver resection in patients with metastatic melanoma

significantly improves long-term survival, obtained clinical efficacy is not
satisfying, when compared to a gold standard resection for CLM. Nevertheless, surgical approach to patients with melanoma LM should no longer
be considered just as a palliative treatment.
Impact on medicine: The results of this work should demonstrate cannabinoids to be a viable and non-toxic therapeutic approach for the treatment of SI-NETs.
Marija Jeremi, Rada Jeremi, Ivanka Markovi

Background and Methods: Acute promyelocytic leukemia is a form of
acute myeloblastic leukemia characterized by hemorrhagic episodes,
severe thrombocytopenia and infiltration of the marrow with hyper-granular
promyelocytes. Ultrastructurally, the promyelocytes show many splinter
granules. Increasing numbers of patients and inadequate responses to the
therapy lead to the search for potential chemotherapeutics. Cell viability
was determined using acid phosphatase assay. Cell cycle analysis, phosphatidyl serine externalization and pan-caspase activity were determined
flow-cytometrically, using appropriate fluorochromes (propidium-iodide,
annexin V-FITC/propidium-iodide and Apostat).
Results: Cell viability showed that novel Pd complex displays good cytotoxic activity following 24 and 48-hour treatment (IC50 values 76.0315%
M and 39.6715%M, respectively). DNA fragmentation analysis revealed marked increase in percentage of cells in subG0 phase to 8.41% in
applied concentration of 50M and to 24.23% in applied concentration of
75M compared to 0.88% of cells in the control (untreated) samples. We
have showed increase in the number of annexin positive cells: 67.51 %(75
M) and 76.04%(100 M) after treatment, compared to 8.2% in the control
samples.
Conclusion: The novel Pd3 complex displays good anti-tumor activity to
human promyelocytic leukemia cell line in the micromolar concentration
range. The observed anti-tumor effect seems to be, to important part,
mediated by the apoptotic mechanism.
73

Kathrin Ertl1, Roland Kitzer2, Walter Goessler1
Zehra Snmez
University of Graz, Austria; 2Lehr- und Forschungszentrums RaumbergGumpenstein, Irdning, Austria
Uluda University, Turkey
The importance of adequate intakes of essential elements is widely recognized. But also toxic elements attracted much attention from governmental
and regulatory bodies which are concerned to reduce the human health
risks through food consumption.
Introduction: Today has become a common problem in many countries,

the demand of donated organs to meet the legal problems under more
than one reason lies in the ethical and social levels. Although there is a
positive attitude towards organ donation donor community has not reached
the desired level.
The aim of the present study is to provide information about the elemental
composition of game meat from Austria. Therefore, concentrations of 26
elements, among them toxic elements like cadmium, arsenic, antimony,
lead, and mercury were determined in six different game meat types. All
investigated animals, including chamois, hare, pheasant, red deer, roe
deer, and wild boar were culled during the hunting season 2012/13 in
Austria. After collection the meat samples were homogenized, frozen,
freeze-dried and digested with nitric acid in a microwave heated autoclave.
Element analysis, from low g/kg up to high mg/kg, was performed using
inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Along the way a certified
reference material (RM 8414 bovine muscle powder) ensured the
accuracy of the obtained concentrations.
Materials and Methods: Research data were collected through a questionnaire prepared by the researchers. Uludag University Medical Faculty,
students study 123 students who participated voluntarily. As information
material, which includes film screenings of medical school students was
used. Scenario text and creating awareness of the importance of organ
donation is intended to clarify the issues to be considered barriers to donation.
Results: The mean age of the study group was 19.38. 77 of the participants were female and 43 were male. Despite the support of 79.7% of the
participants are no participants who have donated organ donation. Participants gained from the media about the high rate of organ donation and
great rates was found to have no scruples about making a donation for
reasons borne of insecurity and ignorance.
Results show that approximately 30 % of all 61 samples suffer from lead,

and some additionally from antimony/arsenic contamination caused by
munitions residues. Despite munitions residues no further contamination
could be observed. To clarify the real risk for consumers further studies, for
instance, determination of blood lead levels after game meat consumption,
are needed. To reduce the risk, hunters should use lead free munitions
Conclusion: To increase the knowledge about organ donation and transplant candidates with health physicians architects of the future, should be
included in the early stages education on this subject. If shown to be effective continuity planned to be made every attempt should be considered.
Mersilia Agudelo1, Mohammed Khalid Alkhalifah2, schyler wiliams3

1
Department of Immunology, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine , FIU,

Miami, USA; 2Al-Imam Mohammed bin Saud Islamic University (IMSIU),
Saudi Arabia; 3Xavier University of Louisiana, New Orleans, USA
Ali Rashidi , Aida Gholami , Reza Yazdani , Abdolmajid Nazemi ,

Najmeh Rastikerdar4
1
Student Research Comitee, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Iran,

Trauma and Medical Emergencies Research Center, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Iran,3Department of Pediatric, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Iran; 4Behavioural and Neurosciences Research Center, Hormozgan University
of Medical Sciences, Iran
2
Introduction: Poisoning is one of the most common causes of hospitalization and treatment of patients in emergency wards. Poisoning in children is
also one of the most important concerns of societies.
Materials and Methods: In this retrospective descriptive-analytic study, all
files on patients diagnosed with poisoning and hospitalized from the start
of 2006 to the end of 2011 were reviewed. The required data was extracted from the collected information according to the designed checklists.
Finally, SPSS 22, descriptive statistical tests and analytic statistical tests
such as chi-square and T-test were used to analyze the data.
Results: The hospitalized children consisted of 272 (44.6%) girls and 338
(55.4%) boys with the average age of 37.730.05 months. In 517 (85.6%)
of the cases, poisoning was accidental and 95.2% of the patients (577
cases) had no past history of poisoning and 84.8% (518 patients) had
never been outpatients before their hospitalization nor had they received
any healthcare. The average interval between occurrence of poisoning and
transfer to hospital was 4.76 4.36 hours. The most common clinical symptom in these patients (57.1%) was decrease level of consciousness, the
mean length of hospitalization 2.091.32 days, and there were 7(1.1%)
cases of death. The most common cause of poisoning (54.1%) was drugs,
and the majority of poisoning cases (29.7%) happened in autumn. There
were no differences between the genders except in the number of poisoning cases in various seasons.
Conclusions: Considering the high number of accidental poisoning cases,
the need for greater knowledge of parents regarding prevention of poison-
74
Omid Fakheran1, Amin Mahdavi2, Jaber Yaghini1

1
Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Iran, Islamic Republic of; 2Art

University of Isfahan, Iran
Introduction: Self-esteem is an important concept used in psychology to
reflect a person's overall appraisal of his or her own value. The present
study aimed to assess the relationship between self-esteem and oral
hygiene behaviors among student of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences (IUMS).
Materials and Methods: In this descriptive-analytical study a stratified
sampling procedure was used to select 320 students from 7 faculties of
IUMS. In the second stage, the subjects were randomly selected from
each faculty to participate in the study. A questionnaire was used to collect
demographic data and data on oral hygiene behaviors. Self-esteem was
assessed by the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale. Mann-Whitney test,
Spearmans correlation coefficient and descriptive statistical methods were
used by SPSS software for data analysis.
Results: A total of 63.5% of the subjects were female and 36.5% were
male. Mean score of self-esteem in the participants was 20.05. Selfesteem score had a significantly positive correlation with economic status
(p value < 0.05). The total score of oral hygiene behaviors in female students (20.86 3.58) was significantly higher than that in male students
(19.32 4.02) (p value = 0.012). Tooth brushing frequency, use of dental
floss, fluoride consumption, dental checkup frequency and also absence of
oral malodor and absence of untreated dental caries were significantly
associated with higher self-esteem scores (p value < 0.05).
Conclusion: Self-esteem as a common psychological factor is correlated
with oral hygiene behaviors. Promoting self-esteem could help people
improve oral hygiene behaviors.
75
Dolika Vasovi, Mirela Vati, Demir Gici, Nikola

Tanasijevi
Kar Key Ooi, Maria Sergeevna Mikerova
Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of medicine, University of Belgrade, Serbia;
I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Russian Federation
Introduction: Poor eating habits among university students are an important public health issue that has large health and economic implications.
The aim of the present study was to assess the prevalence of overweight
and obesity in a sample of medical student and to investigate gender
differences in their eating habits.
Russia has became a popular study destination for international students

and attracts a huge number of medical students from different countries. It
is assumed that these international students have a negative tendency to
both socio-emotional and medical lability. Thus, we aimed to investigate
general well-being, safety, support services and participation of international students in social, leisure and recreational activities in Russia.
Materials and Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted among

110 medical students (58.2% male and 41.8% women), aged from 18- 22
years. All students were asked to fill out a self-reported questionnaire that
included questions on their eating habits. Body mass index (BMI) was
used to assess students' weight status. Statistical analyses were performed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences software (version
15.0).
A survey was conducted via a printed questionnaire which included personal data, questions about participants general experience towards
Russia and their university, and questions about social experience. Participants included 120 international students studying in Moscow, Russia
(70% females, 30 % males, mean age = 21.51.0). Statistical analysis was
performed using SPSS version 16 for Windows (SPSS Inc., Chicago,
Illinois, USA).
Results: Our data showed that the majority of the students (72.5%) were
of normal weight (59.4% male compared to 69.5% female students). The
prevalence of overweight and obesity was more common among male
students compared to females (25% and 12.5% vs. 10.8% and 2.2%,
respectively). Strikingly, almost 17.4% of female students were underweight as compared to 3.1% males. In terms of meal consumption frequency, students showed fairly good eating habits. Almost 58.7% of female students reported eating breakfast daily or more than four times per
week compared to 57.8% male students but there was no statistically
significant gender difference in the frequency of meal intake.
11.8% of comments discussed positive experiences while living and studying in Moscow, Russia. 83.3% of students indicated that they feel threaten
and unsafe. Among problems most international students faced including
discrimination, negligence, high cost of living, language barrier and hazards in the city. Most of students indicated that they were not involved into
any kind of social activities hence developing emotional stress and their
health status was in an unsatisfactory level.
As expected, studying in a foreign country greatly affect ones socioemotional and medical status. The lability level of such aspects significantly increases the global social and medical problems in various ways.
However, it has yet to be proven that the academical performance of international students is deteriorating. Most of them actually perform better
compared to local students.
Conclusion: In spite of the overall low prevalence of overweight and

obesity in our sample, nutritional education among medical students
should be encouraged to promote healthier eating habits and lifestyles.
Farzad Najafipour
Students research committee. Semnan University of Medical Science IRIran, Iran
ammar abdulkareem alsayegh, ali mohammed alhazmi

Al-Imam Mohammed bin Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Saudi Arabia
Background: Functional treatments are widely used and are generally

the accepted treatment for ankle sprains. Regarding effectiveness, comparing different functional treatment options could not make definitive
conclusions. The objective of this article was to compare Taping Versus
Bracing for Ankle Sprains injuries.
Introduction: The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of

depression among blood donors in sample of some blood centers compared with non blood donors
Materials and Methods: A simple random sample was done and two
centers has been chosen from all riyadh main blood centers. control group
have been chosen electronically after the distribution of the questioner
through the internet. data was entered and analyzed using SPSS program
v22.
Patients and Methods: All injured individuals with acute ankle sprains
received standard advice (rest, ice compression with a compressive bandage, and elevation) at the clinic. After a week, 150 injured individuals
with grade II and III sprains were categorized randomly into two groups:
one group was treated with tape and the other with a brace for four
weeks. Post injury training (proprioceptive and physical) was performed
for the two groups. As first outcome parameters patient satisfaction and
skin complications were assessed with an organized questionnaire and
quantitative scale. As late outcome parameters, the function of ankle joint
was evaluated with Karlsson quantitative scale and range of motion
(ROM).
Results: There is a strong association between depression and cigarette

and water pipe products smoking P-value 0.000071, Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2- tailed). There is also a strong difference in depression between study group (blood donors) and control group (non blood
donors) P-value 0.000012, Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2tailed).
Results: The study group indicated that satisfaction and comfort during
brace treatment increased significantly. Cutaneous complications in the
brace group were significantly lower in comparison to the other group
(16.4% versus 51.9%). The ankle joint function outcome and perceived
pain was the same for both groups.
Conclusion: The research shows a very encouraging result of a reverse

relationship between blood donation and depression, smoking have been
strongly associated with depression. More research should be done to
support this theory, and a will organized sample selection is preferred to
decrease the chance of bias in the open non randomized researches.
Conclusions: Treating acute ankle sprain with a brace was accompanied with greater satisfaction and less pain with a similarly acceptable
outcome when compared to taping.
76
Aidana Nargelova1, Kuralay Dabyltayeva2

1
Astana Medical University, Kazakhstan; 2Kazakh National Medical University by S.D. Asfendiyarov;
We analyzed the medico-legal materials over the past 4 years for the city
of Almaty and own study of 15 corpses with poisonings by various toxins.
The proportion of violent deaths during the research period was steadily
over 50%. The cause of violent death according to the forensic reports was
the effect of external factors: physical, chemical, mental, etc. Table 2
shows the types of fatal poisonings and their percentage ratios. The prevailing place is occupied by the deaths from poisoning with ethanol. There
were detected morphological characteristics typical for poisonings in a
number of cases in the study of corpses of suspected poisonings
(symptoms rapidly ensuing death), but in judicial and chemical research
the toxic substance cannot be detected.
Such cases are grouped into "unidentified poisons," they have made up 27.0%. It should paid particular attention to the fact that the age of the
dead from poisoning substance does not exceed 50 years. The dead were
divided into the following age groups: 40-49 years - they made up 18.9%,
30-39 years - 39.6%, 20-29 years - 35.8%, up to 20 years - 5.7%.
As can be seen from the diagram, the majority of deaths in the age group
30-39 years and 20-29 years, which is an actual problem for the whole
society, and these statistics, can be used for carrying out preventive measures to prevent drug abuse.
77
Nikolaos Barettas, Konstantinos Blouhos, Anestis Hatzigeorgiadis,

Konstantinos A. Boulas
Fatemeh Tal'ati
General Hospital of Drama, Greece
University, Iran
Context: Optimal management of penetrating pancreaticoduodenal injuries and better outcomes are associated with simple, fast damage control
surgery and shorter operative time. The performance of pyloric exclusion
and tube duodenostomy has markedly decreased. However, there is still a
trend toward their performance in cases of delay duodenal repair or severe
pancreaticoduodenal injury.
Background: Expressed mothers' milk maybe contaminated during expressing, storage or transmission. The main purpose of this study is investigation of the effect of implementation of a designed program on contamination of refrigerated mothers' milk on the time of consumption in Esfahan
Beheshti hospital NICU.
Case report: The present report describes a case of a hemodynamically

stable patient with a single penetrating gunshot trauma causing an AASTOIS grade III pancreatic head injury and grade IV injury of the second
portion of the duodenum. The patient was treated in our Level IV rural
trauma center and submitted to primary closure of the posterolateral duodenal wall (the laceration of the contralateral inner medial duodenal wall
could not be repaired), external duodenal and pancreatic drainage, and
duodenal decompression by tube pancreatico-duodenostomy (insertion of
a 18 Fr Foley catheter through the laceration of the pancreatic head toward
the duodenal lumen), tube cholangiostomy, and pyloric exclusion accompanied with a feeding jejunostomy.
Methods: In this study just before feeding neonates, rate of 0.5-1cc milk
with sterile syringes were collected from 50 milk containers which stored at
NICU refrigerator and maximum duration 20 minutes have been sent to the
laborary to determine type and number of pathogens. After that, a program
which designed for breast milk storage with using valid scientific books and
websites and according to the supervisors and specialists and executable,
was implemented and then re-sampling was performed.
Results: Before intervention, 88% of samples were contaminated and
after intervention and re-sampling from 50 milk mothers and by considering
104 CFU/ml as contamination, no samples were contaminated.
Conclusions: Tube pancreatico-duodenostomy, which is described for the

first time in the literature, turned out to be effective and can be considered
as an option in pancreaticoduodenal trauma when the inner medial duodenal wall cannot be repaired.
Conclusion: This study importance of designing interventions on the

growth and kind of pathogens in mothers' milk which were stored at NICU.
Eszter gota Szigeti1, Simona Marcu2, Simona Mocan3, EF Fulop4,

Dra Ildik Suba1, Rbert Gbor Suvanjeiev5,6, Angela Borda2, Emoke
Fulop2
1
University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Targu Mures, Romania; 2University
of Medicine and Pharmacy Targu Mures, Histology Department; 3Emergency County Hospital, Targu Mures, Pathology Department; 4University of Medicine and Pharmacy Targu Mures, Department of
Internal Medicine; 5First Clinic of Psychiatry Targu Mures; 6University of
Medicine and Pharmacy Targu Mures
Dmitrii Vyacheslavovich Safonov, Igor Arkadievich Andrievskih

SOUTH URAL STATE MEDICAL UNIVERSITY, Russian Federation;
Introduction: Using of preoperative glucocorticoid hormones and cytostatics lead to the systemic reduction of reparative capabilities and the majority
of the complications. The same anti- inflammatory effect but without systemic immune suppression and a reduction reparative in capabilities has
personalized immunotherapy. This method is based on the individual
combination of the following immunocorrective means: a lifestyle`s correction, an individual selection of immunomodulators with anti- inflammatory
effect, plasmapheresis, injection of the intravenous human immunoglobulin. We carried out a comparative analysis had been shown that personalized immunotherapy of these patients contrary to immunosuppressive
therapy had the same anti-inflammatory effect but it differs a significant
decrease in intra- and postoperative complications.
Background and Aim: The infection with H.pylori is one of the most common chronic bacterial infection world-wide, causing a chronic inflammatory
process of the stomach. This inflammation can determine the appearance
of gastric premalignant lesions whose evolution ultimately contribute to the
development of intestinal type of adenocarcinoma. To determine the incidence of H.pylori infection, respectively its association with premalignant
gastric lesions.
Material and methods: Its obvious, the clinic YUUGMU from 2002 to
2013, it was conducted immune status of 195 surgical patients with systemic vasculitis. All of these patients were studied in the 3rd level immunograms. All the patients were divided into 2 groups, in the first group was
held preoperative immunosuppressive therapy with glucocorticoid hormones and cytostatics, and in the second one it was a personalized preoperative immunotherapy. All these patients were subjected to the same type
of surgery operations.
Material and method: We present a retrospective study on 949 cases

evaluated endoscopically in the Pathology Department, Trgu Mures,
during 20132014. We assessed the age, gender, clinical diagnosis of
patients, respectively the frequency of infection with H.pylori, type of gastritis and premalignant lesions, intestinal metaplasia and atrophy on gastric
biopsies, the correlation between these parameters.
Results: The mean age of the patients was 51.85 years, and the gender
ratio M:F of 1: 1,29. 77.7% of cases presented with erosive gastritis. Infection with H.pylori was present in 30.45%, statistically significantly correlated with age group 50-59, with active chronic gastritis (p-0.0001), but not
with premalignant lesions. Chronic gastric inflammation was significantly
associated with the presence of premalignant lesions.
Results: The number of intra - and postoperative complications were to

4.4 times lower than after immunosuppressive training. Immunotherapy
shows more persuasive efficiency.
Conclusion: 1. All patients with systemic vasculitis in the preoperative
period need to examine the individual features of the immune status. 2.
Personalized immunotherapy is rather effective and it`s the safer way to
preoperative preparation of patients with systemic vasculitis.
Conclusions: The higher frequency of premalignant lesions caused by

infection with H.pylori associated with chronic inflammation, compared with
the lower frequency of the infection diagnosed on biopsies, suggests an
extension of the infection in the gastric body, aggravation of the disease
and an increased risk of malignant transformation.
78
Otar Kerkadze, Shalva Mshviladze
Bernadett Br
National Center of Urology, Georgia
University of Debrecen, Hungary;

Background: In prone position (PP) improves systemic oxygen saturation
due to better arterioalveolar mismatch. O2Sat on limbs does not give
information on changes in cerebral oxygenation/perfusion. Near infrared
spectroscopy (NIRS) provides an opportunity to follow changes in cerebral
hemodynamics non-invasively.
Objective: The aim of our study was to determine changes in tissue oxigenation and brain perfusion and compare it with changes observed in
sceletal muscles in PP.
Methods: 15 preterm infants (GA:29,15wks) were included. Oxyhemoglobin(O2Hb), deoxyhemoglobin(HHb), total hemoglobin(THb), tissue oxygenization index(TOI) were measured and hemoglobin differences(HbD)
were calculate by NIRS over the forehead and femoral muscle. Parameters were recorded for 10 minutes in supine position and for 30 minutes in
prone position, which were divided into 3x10 mins (A,B,C).
Results: In the brain TOI remained constant following a mild early raise in
PP (back:60,2, A:64,7). THb increased (A:-2,7,C:1,1), in part due to increased perfusion (HbD:A=2,4,C=3,63), but in the same time a raise in
HHb was also noted (A=-3,0,C=-1,3), which indicates venous stasis. In the
muscle a slow gradual increase in TOI noted in PP (back:57,1,C:61,5).
THb also increased due to improved perfusion (HbD back:11,4,C:29,4) and
in the same time in contrast to the brain- HHb decreased (back:-5,8,C:9,1). While changes in brain perfusion/oxygenation were not significant,
the changes in O2Hb (p<0,01) and HbD (p<0,001) in the muscle proved to
be significant.
Conclusion: Our results suggest a diminished venous return from the
brain in PP, than in the rest of the systemic circulation, showing the increased significance of the proper head position.
79
Andreas Neiss1, Franz Quehenberger2, Lars-Peter Kamolz4, Erika

Richtig3, David Benjamin Lumenta4
1
Medical University of Graz, Austria; 2Institute for Medical Informatics,
Statistics and Documentation, Graz, Austria; 3Department of Dermatology,
Graz, Austria; 4Division of Plastic, Aesthetic and Reconstructive Surgery,
Department of Surgery, Graz, Austria
Nora Woltsche, Marija Bulian, Cesare Massone, Rainer HofmannWellenhof, Iris Zalaudek
Department of Dermatology & Venereology, Medical University of Graz;
Background: Recurrent nevi are much more common than recurrent
malignant melanomas, differentiation often remains challenging. Our objective is to search for differences between these two entities. We started
with collection and evaluation of epidemiologic data our next project will
work on genetic variations.
Background: Lymph node dissection is recommended after positive Sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) or in clinical/radiological suspicion of metastasis in melanoma patients. Even though there is a high prevalence of
seroma formation necessitating future evacuation, no recommendation on
suction drainage exists. The aim of this study was to examine parameters
relevant for the development of seroma evacuation and wound healing
disorders.
Methods: We included 177 patients with recurrent nevi and 29 patients

with recurrent melanoma. So far, the parameters investigated are: sex,
age, location of lesion, procedure with primary and recurrent lesion, time to
recurrence.
Methods: In this monocentric analysis we included 219 patients with a

history of complete lymphadenectomy following malignant melanoma.
Drains were kept in situ until postoperative day 14 or removed earlier
whenever the daily drainage was less than 30mL/24h. We analyzed general patient characteristics, comorbidities, intraoperative parameters, histopathological results, drained fluid volumes, and general postoperative
morbidity. The statistical analysis was performed using Chi-square, logistic
regression and Spearman correlation analysis.
Results: Mean age of the 177 patients with recurrent nevi was 31 years
(range: 10 to 65 years), whereas it was 65 years (range: 23 to 91 years) in
patients with recurrent melanoma. The majority of recurrent nevi was
located on the upper back (20%) followed by legs (18%) and arms/
shoulder (16%). Instead recurrent melanoma was most commonly located
on head/neck (61%). The majority of nevi recurred in the first 12 months
after initial diagnosis (mean: 11 months, range: 0 to 203 months). The
peak for recurrence in melanoma was 13-36 months (mean: 35 months,
range: 3 to 136 months).
Results: The overall complication rate was 69.4% (n=152) and with respect to Clavien-Dindo's classification we observed 67.8% (n=103) grade I,
11.8% (n=18) grade II, 1.3% (n=2) grade IIIa, and 19.1% (n=29) grade IIIb
complications. Neither comorbidities nor markers of tumor progression
were statistically significant risk factors for seroma evacuation, whereas
time-of-drainage represented a statistically significant correlation for developing wound healing disorders. Whenever the daily drainage volume of
suction drainage was below 50 ml/24h, the probability for requirement of
future seroma evacuation was less than 20%.
Conclusion: In summary, recurrent nevi were associated with age

younger than 30 years, location other than head/neck and shorter time to
recurrence, whereas recurrent melanomas were associated with age older
than 65 years, location head/neck and longer time to recurrence.
Impact/Medicine: Defining high-risk locations and periods for recurrence
helps to improve the surveillance strategy. Our next step, searching for
genetic variations, could influence diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.
Conclusion: The morbidity in our study is in agreement with the current

literature, and prolonged time-of-drainage represented a statistically significant risk factor for developing wound complications, mandating the adaptation of drainage protocols.
Naif Abdullah Al-Omari, Ali Abdullah Al-Garni

Johanna Makk1, Stefan Palkovits2, Laura Pertl2, Gerald Seidel2, Eva
Maria Pschl2, Silke Hausberger2, Sereina Annik Herzog3, Vincent
Herbert Thaler2, Anton Haas2, Martin Weger2
Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Saudi Arabia

Introduction: Malignant melanoma is a neoplasm of pigment-producing
melanocytes. Worldwide several studies have shown that there could be
an association between primary site and survival. The aim of this study to
assess the relationship between primary site of melanoma and survival in
US adult patient.
Medical University of Graz; 2Medical Universtity of Graz, Department of

Ophthalmology; 3Medical University of Graz, Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Documentation
Background: Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the leading
cause of blindness in the western world in the elderly. Untreated, exudative
AMD might lead to severe vision loss. Nowadays, intravitreal anti- vascular
endothelial growth factor (VEGF) compounds are routinely used in this
condition. Previous studies show a reduced subfoveal choroidal thickness
in patients with AMD compared to healthy controls, thus, indicating the
importance of choroidal perfusion in the pathogenesis of exudative AMD.
Further, it has been shown that treatment with the anti-VEGF compound
ranibizumab leads to a decrease in choroidal thickness. The aim of the
present study was to investigate the change of macular choroidal volume
during treatment with bevacizumab.
Materials & methods: We analyzed 227,509 US melanoma patients from

the SEER (Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program Registry) from 1973 to 2011. We excluded duplicate cases. We compared the
primary site and survival by using Kaplan-Meier curves. Hazard ratio (HR)
were determined by unadjusted and adjusted Cox-regression model.
Results: In unadjusted model, the primary anatomical site was significantly associated with survival. Melanoma patients who had a primary site
as an overlapping lesion of skin (the tumor overlaps the boundaries of two
or more adjacent anatomical sites) were 10 times more likely to die within
5 years of diagnosis compared to patients with non-overlapping lesions
located on the head or neck (HR= 10.7, 95%CI=10.3 - 11.1). After adjusted
for age at diagnosis, gender, race and stage at diagnosis, patients with
overlapping lesion of skin still had lower chance of surviving more than 5
years as compared to patients with head or neck lesions, followed by trunk
(HR= 3.5, 95%CI= 3.3 - 3.6 and HR=1.2, 95%CI= 1.2 - 1.3, respectively).
Skin overlapping lesion had the worst prognosis followed by trunk lesions,
while lesions in upper limbs & shoulders had better prognosis.
Methods: 40 AMD patients, scheduled for three monthly administered

bevazicumab injections, were included in the present study. Macular choroidal volume and choroidal thickness were investigated using enhanced
depth imaging optical coherence tomography.
Results: Choroidal volume and choroidal thickness were reduced three
months after treatment initiation as compared to baseline.
Recommendation: Clinical correlation and timely diagnosis of primary

melanoma sites might improve survival and prognosis.
Conclusion: The data of the present study show good agreement with
previous studies investigating the effect of anti-VEGF treatment on subfoveal choroidal thickness. To the best of our knowledge this is the first study
to investigate macular choroidal volume during anti-VEGF treatment.
Measurement of choroidal volume might support clinicians treating patients
with exudative AMD in future.
80
Zita Zatik, Dniel Trcsik, Lilla Paragh

Background: Xanthomas are seen as yellow, non-inflammatory macules,
papules and plaques as a result of dermal deposition of lipid. It is approved
as a dogma in dermatology, that xanthomas develop in the setting of underlying lipid disorder. In our study we examined the relationship between
xanthelasma palpebrarum and disorders of lipid metabolism.
Georg Richtig, Erika Richtig, Cesare Massone, Rainer HofmannWellenhof

Medical University of Graz, Department of Dermatology, Graz, Austria
Background: Prognosis of melanoma is directly correlated to melanoma
thickness and ulceration as well as to nodal status. Despite all efforts in
general prevention programs melanoma with its rising incidences remains
a challenge, as patients present themselves still with advanced disease.
Methods: We examined 82 patients with xanthelasma palpebrarum. We

searched for the predicted anomalies in the laboratory values, clinical
datas (sex, age, BMI), case history (familial occurrence, existence of
xanthelasma) and other comorbidities (hyperlipidemy, diabetes mellitus,
thyroid diseases, hypertension, cardiovascular disease).
Methods: We performed a retrospective study to investigate primary

melanomas in 73 patients with metastatic melanoma in the years 2000 to
2010 at the Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Graz.
Results: The median age of our patients (n=82) was 53,37 years, 79,27%
female, 20,73% male. BMI between 18,07-38,58, in which 18 patients
(21,95%) were in the healthy weight category (18,50 24,99). The presence of the xanthelasma was admitted more than 12 months in 51 patients
(62,20%) and presented familial occurrence in 17 patients (20,73%). Between the comorbidities we found that the 31,71% of the patients had
hyperlipidemy, 20,73% diabetes mellitus, 17,07% thyroid diseases,
45,12% hypertension and 24,39% cardiovascular disease in the anamnesis. In the laboratory results we recorded higher level of cholesterine in
64,63%, triglyceride in 39,02%, LDL in 60,98% and lower level of HDL in
31,71% of the patients compared to the reference values.
Results: Mean age of all patients was 56 years (median: 59 years, SD

15 years), in which the age of male patients (mean: 59, median: 62. SD
14) was higher, then the age of female patients (mean: 52, median: 51, SD
15). 41 patients had primary melanoma from the superficial spreading
melanoma (SSM) type (56.16%) and 32 had nodular melanoma (NM)
(43.84%). Mean tumor thickness was 3.05 mm (median 2.1 mm, SD 2.86
mm) with higher thicknesses in men. Interestingly nearly 50% of the patients with metastatic disease had melanomas thinner than 2.0 mm and
out of them 11 patients (10 SSM, 1 NM) had tumor thicknesses below or
equal 1 mm.
Conclusion: Although our results support the correlation between

xanthelasma and lipid metabolism disorders, they do not confirm them as a
dogma. Suggesting the role of other factors in the development of
xanthelasma, genetic analysis of our patients are in progress.
Conclusions: Following our study data, we have to motivate especially

older men to participate in screening programs in order to detect primary
melanomas in that group at an earlier stage of disease. Regular follow-up
examinations have to be performed also in patients with thinner melanomas.
81
Nicole Golob-Schwarzl1, Caroline Margarete Schweiger1, Stefan

Uranitsch2, Carina Koller1, Karoline Lackner1, Jens Hoffmann4, Sigurd
Lax5, Johannes Haybaeck1, Andreas Puntschart3
Anna Ress , Verena Stiegelbauer , Daniela Schwarzenbacher , Alexander Deutsch1, Samantha Perakis1, Hui Ling2, GA Calin2, Beate
Rinner1, Armin Gerger1, Martin Pichler1,2
Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, Austria; 2Department of

Surgery, Hospital Barmherzige Brder Graz, Austria; 3Department of
Surgery, Medical University of Graz, Austria; 4Experimental Pharmacology
& Oncology Berlin - Buch, Germany; 5Department of Pathology, Hospital
Graz West, Austria
Medical University of Graz, Austria; 2Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, TX, USA
The putative tumor suppressor gene spinophilin has been involved in
cancer progression in several types of cancer. In this study, we explored
the prognostic value of spinophilin expression in 162 colon adenocarcinoma patients.
Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer

type and the fourth most common cancer related cause of death. Protein
synthesis is mainly regulated at the rate limiting step of translation initiation
which is monitored by eukaryotic initiation factors (eIFs). A change in the
expression level or function of these eIFs results in abnormal translation of
specific mRNAs and consequently abnormal growth of cells leading to
human diseases including cancer. The mode of action of eIFs is tightly
linked to the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling. Our central study aim was to understand the role of eIFs in colorectal cancer in
order to design new effective targets for colorectal cancer therapy with the
goal of prolonging the life span of patients suffering from CRC.
In addition, we generated stably expressing spinophilin-directed shRNA

CRC cell lines and studied the influence of spinophilin expression on cellular phenotypes and molecular interactions.
We independently confirmed that low spinophilin expression levels are
associated with poor prognosis in CRC patients (p = 0.038). A reduction of
spinophilin levels in p53 wild-type HCT116 and p53-mutated Caco-2 cells
led to increased cellular growth rates and anchorage-independent growth
(p<0.05). At molecular level, reduced spinophilin levels increased the
expression of the transcription factor E2F-1. In addition, we observed an
increased formation of tumor spheres, increased number of CD133 positive cells and an increased resistance to 5-flourouracil (p<0.05). Finally,
treatment with the de-methylating agent 5-aza-dC increased spinophilin
expression in CRC cells (p<0.05), corroborated by a correlation of spinophilin expression and extent of methylated CpG sites in the gene promoter
region (p<0.001).
Methods: Western Blot and qRT-PCR were used to investigate the role of
the mTOR pathway and the eIFs in 12 Xenograft mouse models and control samples from those patients. In addition several eIFs were analyzed
by immunohistochemistry on tissue micro-arrays (TMAs).
Results: The protein expression of different members of the eIF family
and the RTK/ PI3K/Akt mTor pathway were upregulated in treated Xenograft samples compared to untreated control, primary tumor and healthy
tissue derived from 7 different colon cancer and 5 rectum cancer patients.
The immunohistochemistry of the TMAs revealed a high positive cytoplasmic staining intensity for different eIF members.
In conclusion, gain of aggressive biological properties of CRC cells including cellular growth, cancer stem cell features and 5-flourouracil resistance
partly explains the role of spinophilin in CRC.
Conclusions: Our current results indicate an involvement of the RTK/

PI3K/Akt mTor signaling cascade and of eIFs in the development and
progression of CRC.
Saleh Hosseinnezhad Azhiri

Mariusz Ligocki, Anna Trzeciecka, Sylwia Gajda, Marcin Morawski
University of Tabriz, Iran
Medical University of Warsaw, Poland, Finland
Background & Objective: ACA1 is an aqueous extract of a plant- product

that has been used in traditional Iranian medicine. In this study inhibitory
effect of ACA1 on growth and metastasis of gastric cancer cells and the
mechanism of its action was elevated. Also, its effect on angiogenesis of
HUVEC cells was studied.
Aim: The aim of this study was to analyze the potential survival benefit of
liver resection in case of liver metastases from gynaecological cancer
(LMGC) and to compare it with a gold standard liver resection in case of
colorectal liver metastases (CLM). Liver resections of LMGC comprise less
than 1% of all indications for liver resection.
Methods: Gastric adenocarcinoma cell lines (AGS) and fibroblast cells

(HgF) were incubated with different concentrations of ACA1 and proliferation of treated cells was determined using MTT assay. Death pattern of
AGS cells was assayed using Annexin V-FITC and Propidium Iodid staining method. Tube formation by HUVEC cells for determination of angiogenesis.
Materials and methods: 21 patients, who underwent surgery (1999-2013)

for LMGC, were included in retrospective, observational analysis. The
survival analysis was performed according to the Kaplan-Meier method
and compared to the survival after hepatic resection of CLM estimated
previously in the same department and time (n=1,029 - unpublished data).
Various prognostic factors (such us: margin of resection, re-operation
need, biochemical markers, age, number of metastases in the liver), which
can possibly affect survival rate, were analysed.
Results: Obtained results from MTT assay were shown a significant and
dos-dependent inhibition of AGS cells after treatment with ACA1 product.
But, fibroblast cells were shown less sensitivity to ACA1. ACA1 induced
early and late apoptosis and necrosis in AGS cells. Also, ACA1 decreased
rube formation (angiogenesis) by treated HUVE cells.
Results: The mean age of patients was 54.310.1 years. 1,3,5-years

survival rates after hepatic resection were 92.9%; 67.5%; 67.5% (LMGC)
and 88.0%; 61.5%; 47.6% (CLM), respectively. No difference between
groups was found. Number of metastases within the liver did not worsen
the survival rate if all were removed totally (R0) during the single operation
(no re-operation needed).
Conclusion: It has been shown that ACA1 product has a significant toxic
effect on gastric cancer cells. Its mechanism of action was mostly through
the induction of apoptosis. In addition to killing of gastric cancer cells,
ACA1 could also decreased angiogenesis. So, it could be a good candidate as an anti-cancer agent against gastric cancer cells.
Conclusion: The results show that resection of LMGC are comparable to

results of gold standard resection procedure in CLM. Therefore, surgical
approach to patients with the highest, IV-stage, LMGC should no longer be
considered as a palliative treatment. Proposed change of medical professionals attitude can raise a low percentage of liver resection due to the
LMGC indication and brighten patients prognosis.
82
Elena Kinz1,2, Axel Muendlein1, Alois H. Lang3, Heinz Drexel1,2,3
Adam Adam, Tatjana Tasic, Drago Djordjevic, Silvio de Luka, Nina

Japundzic Zigon
VIVIT Vorarlberg Institute for Vascular Investigation and Treatment, Austria; 2Private
University of the Principality of Liechtenstein, Triesen, Liechtenstein; 3Department of
Medicine and Cardiology, Academic Teaching Hospital Feldkirch, Feldkirch
University of Belgrade School of Medicine, Serbia
Background: The somatic JAK2V617F mutation is found in the majority of

patients with myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs), a group of rare blood
disorders. MPNs are marked by a state of chronic inflammation, which is
suggested to be a major driver in the development of premature atherosclerosis and second cancer. Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is an important manifestation of diffuse atherosclerosis caused by inflammation in
the atherogenic process.
Introduction: Static magnetic field (SMF) is a time independent field that

can be spontaneously (bipolar) or artificially (unipolar) oriented. Artificially
oriented SMFs can be downward and upward oriented. Many studies have
shown an influence of SMF on cells, genetic material, reproduction,
physiological and behavioral responses.
Aim: To examine the influence of SMFs of different orientation on shortterm variability of blood pressure and heart rate in adult spontaneously
hypertensive rats (SHR).
Methods: We measured the frequency of the JAK2V617F mutation in 287

patients with sonographically proven PAD and in 997 healthy people to
investigate the association between PAD and occurrence of the
JAK2V617F mutation. JAK2V617F screening and quantification of allele
burden was performed with allele-specific quantitative real-time PCR (RQPCR). Furthermore, we compared performance of RQ-PCR with arraybased digital PCR, a new technique for mutation quantification.
Material and methodology: SHR, male (n=51), 12 weeks old were randomized in three groups. SHR were continuously exposed to upward (U)
and downward (D) oriented SMFs (magnetic field strength of 16 mT). After
exposure the SHR were equipped with femoral arterial catheter, and after
24 h of recovery blood pressure (BP) was recorded. Heart rate (HR) and
BP were evaluated using spectral analysis
Results: Observed JAK2V617F frequency (3.1%) in PAD patients showed

a 5-fold, highly significant increase compared with healthy people
(p<0.001). Moreover PAD patients on aspirin therapy showed a significantly declined JAK2V617F mutation rate (p=0.003). Concerning the accurate quantification of the mutation a high correlation between the two quantification techniques was found (r2 = 0.9983).
Results: SMFs of both orientation significantly reduce systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and HR is significantly reduced by downward oriented SMF. Oriented SMF significantly reduces
total variability (TV) of SBP, very low frequency systolic blood pressure
(VLF SBP) and low frequency systolic blood pressure (VLF SBP) variability, but increases high frequency systolic blood pressure (HF SBP) variability. Upward oriented SMF significantly reduces VLF SBP and HF SBP
variability.
Conclusion and Impact: We conclude that the prevalence of JAK2V617F

mutation is significantly increased in PAD patients compared to the general
population and that the frequency of the mutation in PAD patients is decreased by the anti-inflammatory drug aspirin.
Accurate JAK2V617F testing should be considered in PAD patients with
abnormal blood counts. Anti-inflammatory treatment in PAD patients may
protect against mutagenesis and development of MPNs.
Conclusion: SMF of both orientations significantly influence short-term

blood pressure and heart rate variability.
Khalida Sherzay, zlem Yksel, Angela Horvath, Monika Tawdrous,

Bianca Schmerbck, Gabriele Zettel, Vanessa Stadlbauer
zlem Yksel, Khalida Sherzay, Angela Horvath, Monika Tawdrous,

Bianca Schmerbck, Gabriele Zettel, Vanessa Stadlbauer

Introduction: Alterations in gut microflora, intestinal permeability and

bacterial translocation are described in cirrhosis and known to deteriorate
liver function and its complications. Patients experience severe limitation of
quality of life. This study aims to investigate the influence of a multispecies probiotic on health related quality of life (QoL) via a modulation of
gut microflora.
Introduction: Liver cirrhosis has enormous impact on health and survival

of patients. As for most chronic diseases there is curative treatment is
difficult, instead symptomatic therapy mainly aims to increase quality of
life. However little is known about health related quality of life (QoL) in liver
cirrhosis in comparison to other diseases.
Material and methods: A randomized, double-blind, placebo controlled

study was conducted including 80 liver cirrhotic patients. Each patient
received either a probiotic (Winclove 849) or a placebo for 6 month. QoL
was evaluated with SF-36 Health Survey questionnaire at four time points:
baseline, after 3 and 6 months of intervention and after another 6 months
of follow up.
Aim: Therefore this study aimed to assess QoL in liver cirrhosis and to
compare it to healthy as well as chronically diseased people.
Material and Methods: QoL was measured in 100 liver cirrhotic patients
using a validated questionnaire, the SF-36 Health Survey. This questionnaire consists of two scales: mental component (vitality, social function,
emotional role and mental health) and physical component (bodily pain,
physical function, physical role and general health). Age, gender and liver
function were taken from patients medical history. Values for healthy and
chronically diseased people were obtained from literature.
Results: After three months of intervention, the probiotic group achieved

higher scores in the mental component than the placebo group (p=0.000).
After six months of intervention no differences could be detected. After 6
month of follow up, both groups reached significantly lower scores compared to baseline (p=0.000). The scores of the probiotic group remained
constant until the end of intervention whereas the placebo group showed
early deterioration. The physical component did not show any significant
differences over time or between groups.
Results: Liver cirrhotic patients compared to healthy population had a

reduced quality of life in both components (p<0.000). Age, comorbidity and
Child-Pugh-score do not have any influence. Women scored higher than
men in physical component (p<0.05). Compared to chronic heart failure
and COPD liver cirrhosis patients have better QoL. Intestinal problems
such as ulcerative colitis and irritable bowel syndrome differ slightly but
undirected from liver cirrhosis.
Conclusion: The administration of a multi-species probiotic (Winclove

849) has a positive effect on the mental well-being of liver cirrhotic patients
which may enable them to take part in social life again. Probiotic supplementation could be a future strategy to increase QoL in cirrhosis. Low side
effects, low costs and high appreciation among patients qualify probiotics
as possible additional therapy.
Conclusion: Liver cirrhotic patients have impaired QoL which needs to be

addressed. QoL in chronic diseases depends on acuteness of symptoms,
e.g. dyspnea cause worse QoL than intestinal problems. This study provides evidence based insights into QoL in liver cirrhosis and could contribute to a more directional therapy in the future.
83
Sonja Jankovic1, Dragana Ilic2, Dusan Radomirovic1, Milan Bozinovic1

1
Astrid Hartl , Angela Horvath , Bettina Leber , Monika Tawdrous ,

Bianca Schmerbck2, Vanessa Stadlbauer2
Medical faculty University of Nis, Serbia; 2Institute of Radiology, University Clinical Center Nis, Serbia
University of Applied Sciences, Graz, Austria; 2Medical University of Graz,

Austria
Background: The aim of this study was to determinate the significance of

pulmonary CT angiography (MD-CTPA) in the evaluation of patients with
clinical suspicion of pulmonary embolism (PE).
Background: A faultless intestinal tract is essential to keep up health and

prevent several diseases. Many factors can alter the epithelial barrier
function, which can cause increased gut permeability. Increased gut permeability is associated with several gastrointestinal diseases and it also
impacts the development of liver cirrhosis. The aim is to compare different
markers of gut permeability, immune function and inflammation between
healthy controls and patients with liver cirrhosis.
Methods: This research included 172 patients with clinical suspicion of

pulmonary embolic disease (90 male and 82 female) with average 64.97
years of age, range 18-82 years. All analyses were performed on 64 Multidetector Computed Tomography (Toshiba Aquilion 64). On the basis
of physical examination, patients underwent MDCT examination because
of the suspected PE.
Materials and Methods: Healthy controls (n=21) and cirrhotics (n=101)

were investigated. Neutrophil function was measured by flow cytometry.
ELISA was used to detect diamine oxidase (DAO), lipopolysaccharide
binding protein (LBP), calprotectin and zonulin. TLR4 was used in cell
culture to determine lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from Gram-negative bacteria.
Results: In 50 patients (29%) initial PE diagnosis was confirmed with the

direct visualisation of thrombotic masses in the pulmonary arteries and
their branches. In 122 patients (71%) PE was not diagnosed. In 78 of 122
patients without PE (64%), spiral CT provides additional information indicating the existence of a clinical diagnosis: pneumonia (n=18), cardiovascular diseases (n=17), primary or secundary malignant pulmonary disease
(n=21), postoperative changes (n=5), pulmonary hipertension (n=10),
interstitial pulmonary disease (n=4), limphoma (n=1). In other 44 patients
(36%) CT tomograms were normal. Sensitivity of this method was 96.08%,
specificity 98.37%, positive predictive value (PPV) was 98% and negative
predictive value (NPV) was 99%.
Results: Bursting ability of neutrophils (p=0.000) was lower and the percentage of non-phagocytic cells (p=0.000) was higher in cirrhotics compared to controls. DAO (p=0.000), LPS (p=0.000), calprotectin in stool
(p=0.001) was higher in cirrhotics whereas zonulin in serum (p=0.038) was
lower compared to controls. No differences are found in LBP (p=0.223),
zonulin in stool (p=0.055) and calprotectin in serum (p=0.097).
Conclusion: Multidetector Computed Tomography has good sensitivity

and specificity for the diagnosis of PE. In the majority of patients which
don't have PE, MDCT also provides important additional information for
the final diagnosis.
Conclusion: The reduced neutrophil function in cirrhotics indicates an

impaired immune function. The elevated plasma levels of DAO and calprotectin in stool indicate increased gut permeability in cirrhotics. High values
of LPS in serum are the result of an impaired gut barrier which may impact
on immune function. Higher values of zonulin in serum of healthy people
can due to the fact that less zonulin is synthesized in the damaged liver of
cirrhotics.
M. Wurm1, M. Pienn1, G. Kovacs1,2, P. Kullnig3, A. Olschewski1, H.

Olschewski2, Z. Blint1
1
Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Lung Vascular Research, Graz, 2Division of Pulmonology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University Graz, 3DiagnostikZentrum
Graz, Graz, Austria
Background and Methods: Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is characterized by elevated pulmonary blood pressure and is accompanied by
changes in the lung vasculature. Volume histogram analysis of the iodine
distribution in the lung parenchyma might quantify these changes. The
aim of the study was to determine volume histogram parameters of contrast-enhanced thoracic computed tomography (CT) images and compare
them with patients clinical parameters. Contrast-enhanced thoracic CT
images of 21 patients with different diagnosis (16 with and 5 without PH)
were acquired with a 128-slice dual-energy CT scanner. We automatically
identified the whole 3D volume of the lung parenchyma and calculated the
histograms of the difference in X-ray attenuation between the two images
acquired at different acceleration voltages as a surrogate for perfused
blood volume (LungPBV). LungPBV, normalised peak height and fullwidth-at-half-maximum (FWHM) of the histograms were obtained for the
right and left lungs separately. Hemodynamic data from right-heart catheterisation and lung function test were used for Spearman correlation
analysis.
Results and Conclusion: Oxygen exchange parameters such as arterial
oxygen saturation (SO2) correlated with FWHM (Spearman =-0.53 and
=-0.52, for the right and left lungs, respectively) and normalized peak
height (=0.51 and =0.54). Also, a correlation of venous SO2 with
FWHM (=-0.64 and =-0.74) and normalized peak height (=0.62 and
=0.74) were observed. There was no correlation found either with the
mean pulmonary arterial pressure or with cardiac output; however, the
group analysis showed a significant difference of LungPBV between
patients with and without PH (p=0.01 and p=0.02, ROC analysis AUC:
0.90 and 0.84). Further, FWHM and normalized peak height showed a
significant difference between patients in WHO class II and III. Quantitative readouts of the volume histograms of iodine distribution in the lung
can distinguish patients with and without PH, correlate with lung function
parameters and might be used in computer aided diagnosis of pulmonary
hypertension.
84
Werner Seebacher, Noor-ul-Amin Mohsin, Robert Weis, Christian

Klug, Johanna Faist
Noor ul Amin Mohsin, Werner Seebacher, Robert Weis, Johanna

Faist
Karl-Franzens-University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences Austria
Karl-Franzens-University, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Austria
Background: About 3.4 billion people half of the world's population are
at risk of malaria. In 2012, there were about 207 million malaria cases and
an estimated 627.000 malaria deaths.1 One of the main problems of malaria therapy is the development of resistances against drugs in use. Parasite resistance to artemisinin, the core compound in WHO-recommended
combination treatments for uncomplicated malaria, has already been
detected. Therefore, there is an urgent need for the development of new
antimalarial active compounds.
Background: Human African trypanosomiasis, sleeping sickness, is a

parasitic disease being fatal if untreated. Four drugs are in use: pentamidine, suramin, melarsoprol and eflornithine. Pentamidine and suramin
are agents to treat the first stage of T.b.gambiense and T.b. rhodesiense
infections. Eflornithine can be used only for the second stage of
T.b.gambiense infections since it is not effective against T.b rhodesiense.
Only melarsoprol can be used for late stage infections with T.b. rhodesiense.1 New antitrypanosomal drugs are therefore required urgently.
Methods: Several new dihydropyridine derivatives have been prepared by

a selective reduction of their parent thiones. The new compounds were
tested for their antimalarial activity against the Plasmodium falciparum K1
strain which is resistant to chloroquine and pyrimethamine using a [3H]hypoxanthine incorporation assay.
Methods: Derivatives of diphenylbicyclo[2.2.2]octanes show potency

against T.b. rhodesiense. This was the starting point for further investigations. Ring enlargement to 3-azabicyclo[3.2.2]nonanes were performed
using a Schmidt procedure. Basic side chains were introduced to verify the
influence of this transformation on the antitrypanosomal activity. All new
compounds were tested for their activity against T.b. rhodesiense using an
alamar blue-based assay.
Results: As a result of our investigation, it can be said, that the antiplasmodial activity strongly depends on the substitution pattern of the amine
moiety in position 4 of the dihydropyridine. Enhanced activities were detected for cyclic secondary amines. Substitution of the ring nitrogen of the
dihydropyridine structure causes further increase of activity. In that way,
compounds with an IC50 value < 0.2 mM were achieved.
Results: The results show the enormous impact of the structure of the
side chain on the antitrypanosomal activity. The new compounds showed
IC50 values between 2.83 and 0.03 mM. A dimeric product achieved an
IC50= 0.0038 mM and shows the same activity as suramine (IC50=
0.0039 mM).
Conclusion: With our study we have demonstrated clearly that dihydropyridines have potential to act as antimalarial compounds. They should be
further developed.
Conclusion: The influence of the structure of some basic side chains on

the antitrypanosomal activity of 3-azabicyclo[3.2.2]nonanes has been
demonstrated impressively. New compounds with promising antitrypanosomal potency were yielded.
Impact on medicine: After further studies, including target identification,

dihydropyridines may represent an alternative compound class in the
therapy of malaria.
Impact on medicine: Further investigations should clear up the target

structures of compounds, giving way to new possibilities for the therapy of
sleeping sickness.
Mirna Dzubur1, Amina Obradovic2, Edin Begic1, Azra Bahtic1, Semir

Hrvo1
Maximilian Mora1, Christine Moissl-Eichinger1,2

1
Medical University of Graz, Austria; 2BioTechMed, Graz;
Medical faculty, University of Sarajevo, Bosnia

vina; 2Institute for Public Health in Canton Sarajevo;
The International Space Station (ISS) is now for nearly 15 years continuously inhabited by humans and, inevitably, their accompanying microbes.
Almost complete isolation from the outside world and extreme environmental conditions, such as microgravity and enhanced background radiation, make the ISS a very special biotope. Regular monitoring of the microbial population is mandatory in such an environment to assess eventual
risks for the crews health or the integrity of the spacecraft itself.
and
Herzego-
Background: Ear infections are a common medical condition globally, with

the clinical presentation as otitis externa and otitis media. Due to the increasing antibiotic resistance, there are a lot of questions regarding the
treatment of this disease. The aim of this study was to evaluate the current
microbiological pattern of ear infections and their antimicrobial susceptibility.
The ARBEX project (ARchaeal and Bacterial EXtremophiles onboard the

ISS), aims to tackle the indoor microbiome of the ISS by i) molecular methods to detect the entire diversity of microbes and ii) by cultivation-based
assays going beyond regular, standardized, monitoring. The main focus
lies on the detection of hardy, extremophilic bacteria and archaea, as well
as on comparing the detected microbes with the cultivable and uncultivable
microbiome of different ground-controls (e.g. spacecraft assembly clean
rooms). Isolates will be analyzed regarding their physiology and resistances against e.g. (UV- and -) radiaton, desiccation and antibiotics.
Methods: A total of 2523 ear swabs taken from outpatients between the
1st of January and 30th of June 2014, were retrospectively analyzed.
Results: 622 (24,6%) were culture positive isolates consisting of 243
(39%) Gram-positive bacteria, 173 (27,8%) Gram-negative bacteria, 106
(17,04%) fungal infections and 72 (11,57%) obligate anaerobes. The bacterial isolates showed that the most predominant pathogen is Staphylococcus aureus- 205 (32,9%). Other isolates and their rates of incidence were:
Candida spp 106 (17%), Aspergillus spp 72 (11,6%), Pseudomonas spp
59 (9,4%), Proteus spp 51 (8,2%), Klebsiella spp 36 (5,8%), Escherichia
coli 28 (4,5%), Group A -hemolytic streptococcus 27 (4,3%), Enterobacter
spp 24 (3,8%), Streptococcus pneumoniae 11 (1,8%) and Haemophilus
influenzae 3 (0,5%). Antimicrobic susceptibility profile of S. Aureus showed
that 83,45% were resistant to penicillin only, 6,47% were resistant to penicillin, erythromycin and cefoxitin, and 2.88% were resistant to penicillin and
cefoxitin. All isolated strains were sensitive to ciprofloxacin, chloramphenicol and sulphamethoxazol.
Besides introducing the ARBEX project in detail, we will present results of

the first ground-control, namely the S5C clean room in Kourou, French
Guiana. More than 50 different microbial isolates were obtained, including
two putative novel species, and show that the used methods cover the
already known and expected range of microorganisms and are also well
suited to discover organisms yet unknown to live in this kind of environment. These isolates will be the baseline for comparative analyses of the
ISS microbiome.
Conclusion: Staphylococcus aureus is the predominant pathogen of ear

infections and the appearance of its resistance to beta-lactams and macrolides is increasing. The antibiotic of choice should be a representative
from the group of fluoroquinolones or sulfonamides.
85
Marica Malenica
Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry Zagreb, Croatia;
Several studies have shown the connection between chronic rhinosinusitis
and infections of respiratory tract with Staphylococcus aureus. Nowadays,
mupirocin is used to treat infections of skin with certain S. aureus strains,
while eucalyptus essential oil facilitates different respiratory problems.
Since mupirocin enters bacterial cell by passive diffusion and essential oils
increase cell membrane permeability, we hypothesized that eucaylptus
essential oil will facilitate the penetration of mupirocin in bacterial cell and
exert significant anti-biofilm potential, due to its hydrophobicity.
The aim of this study was to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of mupirocin and eucalyptus essential oil on planktonic cells, as
well as their anti-biofilm effect on the bacterium Staphylococcus aureus
ATCC 29213 and 5 different MRSA strains, individually and in combination. The viability after treatment of bacterium with aforementioned substances (simultaneously and with 1 hour delay) was assessed by colorimetric assays, using TTC and MTT reagents.
When applied to planktonic cells of S. aureus mupirocin exerted stronger
antimicrobial effect than eucalyptus essential oil alone, while their combined application, at the same time or with 1h delay, had additive antimicrobial effect in both cases. Mupirocin showed no anti-biofilm effect even
at the highest concentration (2 mg/mL), but eucalyptus essential decreased the viability of all the 6 biofilms when applied individually and even
more in combination with mupirocin. Higher reduction of viability was observed after simultaneous application.
These findings suggest that combination of mupirocin and eucalyptus
essential oil could have significant role in S. aureus eradication and
chronic rhinosinusitis treatment.
86
armita vali sichani1, navid yaraghi4, asana vali sichani3, mohammad

monirifard4, ava vali sichani2
Martin Polak
Dentist, endodontic department, School of Dentistry, Isfahan University of

Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.; 2Dentist,pediatric department,School of
Dentistry, khorasgan University, Isfahan, Iran.; 3Dentist, Students' Research Committee, School of Dentistry, Isfahan University of Medical
Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.; 4Dentist, orthodontics department, School of
Dentistry, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.;
Karl-Franzens-Universitt Graz
Cognitive behavioral therapy is an effective method used in treating social
anxiety disorder (SAD). In contrast to conventional face-to-face CBT
(fCBT), internet-based CBT (iCBT) presents relatively new form of this
treatment intervention, yielding similarly effective results in treatment of
SAD. Only few meta-analyses have been conducted yet to establish the
overall efficacy of this treatment intervention in this diagnosis. Similarly,
meta-analyses comparing the efficacy of fCBT and iCBT in SAD are
scarce. Addressing the hypotheses in our thesis provided this research
area with up-to-date findings. We conducted three meta-analyses targeting
the efficacy of fCBT, iCBT, and the fusion of these two approaches, in
SAD. The search through various databases produced twenty RCTs (N =
1527), which were included in the final analyses. We used random-effects
model and found moderate to large effect sizes for all active treatment at
post-test measures in all three analyses. Wait-lists served as control conditions. Heterogeneity among treatment effects was not statistically significant in all meta-analyses, which implies that the true variation between
effects was due to a standard error. We also conducted moderator analyses in the iCBT and fused (iCBT and fCBT) sample.
Objectives: Subjective halitosis is a growing concern in both dentistry and

psychology. This study was designed to determine the association between subjective halitosis and contributing psychological factors.
Methods: Data for this cross-sectional study was gathered from 4,763
participants who had answered questions on subjective halitosis and psychological factors (depression, anxiety, stress and personality traits) in
SEPAHAN study. Binary logistic regression was used for data analyzing.
Results: The mean age of all subjects was 36.58 years. Majority of subjects were Females (55.8%), married (81.2%) and graduated (57.2%). The
prevalence of subjective halitosis was 52.8 %.the majority of subjects with
the complaint of subjective halitosis were married (p<0.001) and young
(p=0.07). Participant with subjective halitosis were significantly more anxious (OR=1.76; 95% CI=1.38-2.24), stressed (OR=1.41; 95% CI=1.171.71) and depressed (OR=1.31; 95% CI=1.09-1.57). Among personality
traits neuroticism was a risk factor (tertile 1 vs 2: OR=1.29; 95% CI=1.09,
1.51 and tertile 1 vas 3: OR=1.74; 95% CI=1.43, 2.13) and conscientiousness was revealed to be a protective factor (tertile 1 vs 2: OR=0.82; 95%
CI=0.70, 0.98 and tertile 1 vas 3: OR=0.65; 95% CI=0.53, 0.80).
According to our findings, scale, analysis type and type of SAD diagnosis
across trials were not significant moderators. We also did not find any
significant difference between effect sizes from the iCBT and fCBT sample. Limitations, as well as implications and future directions are discussed.
Conclusion: It seems that psychological factors such as anxiety, depression and stress as well as some personality traits can be considered as
risk factors for subjective halitosis. Multidisciplinary effort by dental and
psychological professionals must be considered to address this problem.
Mila Prskalo1, Valentino Racki1, Ivan Jakopcic1, Ivana Mikolasevic2

Orsolya Farkas, Balzs Plczi Dr., Tams Vgh Dr.
Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, Croatia; 2Department of Iinternal Medicine, University Hospital Centre Rijeka
University of Debrecen Medical School, Hungary
Background: Influence of an extra haemodialysis session before transplantation on early graft function still hasn't been fully elucidated. Furthermore, it is unclear whether ultrafiltration during pre-transplant hemodialysis
should be avoided or not.
Preemptive analgesia is an antinociceptive treatment that prevents central

sensitization by analgetics or nerve blockade techniques. We evaluated
the analgesic effect of administering diclofenac before surgical incision on
patients undergoing thoracic surgery.
Patients and methods: The study group comprised of 147 haemodialysis

patients receiving a cadaveric kidney graft in the Transplant Unit of the
University Hospital Centre Rijeka between 2008 and 2014. In all patients
haemodialysis was applied within 24h before the transplantation either
routinely (the patient was scheduled in a regular treatment, 26.7%) or as
an extra haemodialysis due to hyperkalaemia (58.9%) or fluid overload
(14.4%). The primary analysis was performed in 147 patients. Patients
treated with haemodialysis (n=90) were compared to those who didnt
received a haemodialysis treatment (n=57). In further analysis, 90 patients
who received haemodialysis in the 24h preceding transplantation were
divided into two subgroups according to the ultrafiltration application; ultrafiltration<500ml (n=30) or ultrafiltration500ml (n=60).
During a seven days period postthoracotmy surgical and shoulder pain

intensity was assessed using an 10-point verbal analog pain score (VAS)
with 0 corresponding to `no pain' and 10 to `the worst imaginable pain'.
Primary endpoint was to achieve 10% reduction of the postthoracotomy
surgical and shoulder pain recorded by VAS, compared to the control
group.
Fifty patients were randomly allocated to two groups of 25 each:
DICgroup: received a preoperative single oral 100 mg dose of diclofenac
CONgroup: without diclofenac premedication
There were no significant differences neither in epidural bupivacain cumulative dose (cBUP) nor in the cumulative morphine equivalent dose of oraly
or intravenously administered analgetics (cMED). (cBUPepid DICgroup:
2.3 (2.2-3.2) mg/kg vs cBUPepid CONgroup: 2.85 (2.4-3.4) mg/kg, p=0.13;
cMEDiv DICgroup: 6.3 (1.5-31.5) mg/kg vs cMEDiv CONgroup: 13.7 (2.239.7) mg/kg, p=0.3; cMEDpo DICgroup: 2.6 (0.9-4.3) mg/kg vs cMEDpo
CONgroup: 3.8 (3.0-4.8) mg/kg, p=0.1). Data expressed as median(2575IQ). There were no significant differences in the VAS values of the
cumulative thoracotomy pain. (cVASth DICgroup: 38. (30.5-52.0) vs
cVASth CONgroup: 40.5 (30.5-49.5), p=0.8). There were significant differences in the values of the cumulative shoulder pain. (cVASsh DICgroup:
2.0 (0.0-15.8) vs cVASsh CONgroup: 11 (6.0-24.5), p=0.02).
Results: There was no difference in delay graft function (DGF), rejection

crises, one-year graft and patients survival between the treated and untreated haemodialysis patients. Patients with ultrafiltration500ml had
significantly higher incidence of DGF (p=0.05), higher values of serum
creatinine at day 5 (p=0.03), 15 (p=0.04) and day 30 (p=0.05) after transplantation and longer hospital stay (p=0.03) in comparison to patients
treated with ultrafiltration<500ml. There were no significant differences in
the one-year graft survival between the patients.
Conclusion: There is no benefit of an additional haemodialysis session
before transplantation, while ultrafiltration is associated with more DGF
and longer hospital stay.
In conclusion diclofenac provides effective preemptive analgesia for postthoracotomy shoulder pain.
87
Alexandru Tuca1, Daryousch Parvizi1, Paul Wurzer3, Eva Prandl1,

Alexandra Harger1, Elvira Stacher-Priehse1, Christian Smolle1, Trop
Marija1, Tobias Eisenberg2, Frank Madeo2, Lars-Peter Kamolz1
1
Oksana Dolgopolova
Bohomolets National medical University, Ukraine
Medical University of Graz, Austria; University of Graz, Austria; 3University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston and Shriners Hospitals for Children, USA
Aim of the work: To explore particular features of vegetative homeostasis, functional condition of the brain and cerebral hemodynamics in children with paroxysmal autonomic failure (PAF) on the thyroid gland pathology (TGP) background.
Introduction: Spermidine is a naturally occurring polyamine involved in

multiple biological processes, including DNA metabolism, autophagy and
aging. Spermidine induces autophagy in cultured yeast and mammalian
cells, as well as in nematodes and flies. Genetic inactivation of genes
essential for autophagy abolishes the life span-prolonging effect. These
findings complement expanding evidence that autophagy mediates cytoprotection and can confer longevity when induced at the whole-organism
level. In this experimental study, we hypothesized that autophagy, induced
by spermidine affects burn wound progression positively.
Methods: 52 children 10-16 years old with PAF was examined: 33

(experimental group) had an accompanying TGP; 19 (control group) patients with PAF without TGP background. All investigated children conducted a set of diagnostic research methods: thyroid gland hormone level
and ultrasonography, cardiointervalography, REG, capillaroscopy.
Results: In 66,7% of children with PAF thyroid gland heterogeneity structure and hormonal signs of autoimmune thyroiditis was determined. Therefore, related TGP in patients with PAF leads to initial sympathycotonia
(45,4%) and vagotonia (21.2%) with excessive vegetative sufficiency.
TGP established the capabilities of cerebral hemodynamic disorders emergence: increased spasm (54.5%) and vessels hypertonus (42.4%) with
more frequent manifestations of venous drain difficulty than in the control
group. Analysis of capillary nets helped in comas- capillary loops form
identification in 83% experimental group patients and describes III stage
microangiopathy, while in control group only 20%.
Material and Methods: Healthy adult male Sprague Dawley rats (300350
g, n=30) were divided into three groups. A well described and reliable
scald burn model with dressing protector was employed to evaluate the
roles of autophagy and apoptosis in burn wound. In one group spermidine
was injected intraperitoneally after burn injury. Furthermore one group was
treated with a silicone foam dressing, where spermidine was injected, over
the burnt area. Animals in the control group were treated with saline solution. The animals were euthanized five days after burn injury and burn
depth was assessed by haematoxylin and eosin staining.
Conclusion: The findings showed the necessity of complex clinical and

instrumental studies in children with PAF on TGP background that significantly affects the central nervous system, hemodynamic parameters and
microcirculation.
Results: In both treated groups (intraperitoneally and topical) less swelling

collagen and oedema in the deep dermal and muscular layer was found
than in the control group.
Impact on medicine: It is known, that the autonomic nervous system has

a significant impact on the morphological structure and functional activity
of the thyroid gland. It is important to find new ways of treatment according
to pathophysiological connections between these systems
Conclusion: Histological results of this study confirm that spermidine

treatment has a positive effect on burn wound progression and survival of
the stasis zone in an acute burn injury.
Moritz Werner Simon Pietsch1, Wilfried Materna2, Lukas Holzer1,2,

Daniela Kniepeiss1,3, Gudrun Pregartner1,4, Andreas Leithner1,2
1
Medical University of Graz, Austria; 2Department of Orthopedics and Orthopedic

Surgery, University Hospital of Graz, Austria; 3Department of Transplantation, University Hospital of Graz, Austria; 4Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Documentation, Medical University of Graz, Austria
Background and Methods: The management of solid organ transplantation has progressed and patient survival improved, resulting in new challenges for physicians. Osteoarthritis caused by the increasing age and the
immunosuppression can lead to immobility and decrease of life quality,
making arthroplastic surgeries necessary. Immunosuppression as used in
organ transplant patients might cause a higher risk of complications in
arthroplasties. Is it worth to take the risk?In a retrospective study, the
outcome of total hip or knee arthroplasty was assessed in group of 12
patients (15 joints) with transplantation compared to 13 patients (15 joints)
without transplantation. Control-patients were matched, respecting:
arthroplasty-date, joint, sex and age. The main dependent variable was
implant failure. Patients underwent clinical and radiological examination.
Outcome was assessed by using the Harris-Hip-Score or the Knee-Society
-Score.
Results: Mean follow-up was 58.6 months in the transplant-group, respectively 63.7 months in the control-group. Implant failure occurred in 6.7%
(2/30) The first case was septic and occurred in the transplant-group, the
second case was aseptic and occured in the control-group. Minor complications occurred in 20% (6/30). The mean Harris-Hip-Score in the
transplant-group was 92.6 respectively 88.1 in the control-group. The
mean Knee-Society-Score was 95.8/91.7 (pain/function) in the transplant
group and 84.9/73.6 in the control-group.
Conclusion: Overall, the majority of patients reported good or excellent
outcomes, with better results in the transplant-group. No difference regarding implant failure could be seen. THA or TKA seem to be safe methods
in solid organ transplant patients in the short-term follow-up.
88

Corinna Krump, Izabela Borek, Christina Passegger, Herbert Strobl
Saeed Aslani1, Jafar Karami1, Milad Asadi2
Medical University of Graz, Austria;
1
Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, Islamic Republic

of; 2Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
Background: Activation of Notch signaling is implicated in proliferation

and differentiation of human hematopoietic stem cells (Benveniste et
al,2014). LCs represent antigen presenting cells of environment-exposed
epidermal and mucosal tissues and have been implicated in cell therapy.
Background: Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is an autoimmune disease with

a chronic inflammatory arthritis. Over the course of past few decades,
epigenetic concept is a fast-expanding area to shed a new light on the
disease development circumstances. DNMT1 is an enzyme that establishes and regulates patterns of methylated cytosine residues. The aim of
the current investigation is to unveil if methylation circumstances of CpG
islands from DNMT1 promoter could affect the expression level of the
gene.
Notch ligand Delta-1, together with GM-CSF and TGF-1, was shown to
promote differentiation of monocytes into Langerhans cells (LC) (Hoshino
et al,2005). However, the molecular mechanism underlying human monocyte to LC differentiation remains elusive.
Methods: CD34+ progenitors were isolated from human cord blood and
cultivated under lineage specific cytokine conditions permuting either
monocyte or LC differentiation. RT-qPCR, Western Blot and flow cytometry
were used for cell characterization and identification of relevant transcription factors.
Methods: PBMCs were isolated from whole blood of 50 AS patients and

50 healthy individuals. Total RNA and DNA contents of leukocytes were
extracted. Afterward, Quantitative analysis was carried out through realtime RT-PCR using the PowerSYBR Green PCR Master Mix. Comparison
between the sequences of PCR products of Bisulfite-treated DNA and
reference gene sequence determined methylation level.
Results: LCs (+TGF-1) and monocytes (-TGF-1) showed inverse expression pattern of the transcription factors KLF4 and RUNX3. Incubation
of monocytes with GM-CSF, TGF-1and Notch-ligand Delta-1 allowed
differentiation into LCs along with decreased KLF4 but increased RUNX3
expression. Delta-1 alone was insufficient to induce RUNX3, thus suggesting Delta-1 and TGF-1 cooperating in inducing monocyte-derived LCs.
Inhibition of Notch activator -secretase prohibited LC differentiation.
Results: Compared with healthy controls, expression level of DNMT1 in

AS patients was significantly downregulated. Furthermore, decreased
expression level of DNMT1 had significant correlation with clinical indices
of disease activity. Methylation of DNMT1 promoter was significantly
higher in AS patients in comparison to controls.
Conclusion: Monocytes strictly require endogenous Delta-1 for Notch

signaling activation, whereas CD34+ progenitors can endogenously activate Notch and differentiate into LCs.
Conclusion: Given that decreased expression level of DNMT1 was associated with clinical manifestation of AS patients, this survey suggests that
maybe highly methylated promoter of DNMT1 in AS patients can impress
the low expression level and result in poor disease outcomes.
Impact on medicine: Notch ligand Delta-1, GM-CSF and TGF-1 are

environmental cytokines in the skin and may be responsible monocytederived LC development under inflammatory conditions. Determination of
correct culture conditions would allow ex vivo LC generation and their
application in a clinical setting.
Jafar Karami, Saeed Aslani
Jafar Karami, Saeed Aslani
Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran,

Objective: Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune
disease which involves many organs and develops various symptoms. It
has been shown that genetic and environmental factors play a major role
in this disease and can affect the onset, activity, damage, and mortality of
the disease. According to recent studies, methyl-CpG-binding protein 2
(MECP2) has been associated with SLE in various populations. Herein, we
studied MECP2 polymorphism in Iranian lupus patients and controls.
Background: Understanding the epigenetic modifications especially genes methylation profile, help us for identification of biomarkers which can
lead to better diagnosis, prognosis, and therapy. Gene promoter methylation is one of the most important mechanisms for gene inactivation and
suppresses the gene expression. Bcl11b gene is a member of the BCL
family which plays an important role in the development, proliferation,
differentiation and survival of T cells. Also, it is responsible for the regulation of the apoptotic process.
Methods: The study included a total of 884 Iranian ancestry samples (492
independent SLE patients and 392 unrelated healthy controls). Healthy
controls were gender-, ethnic-, and age-matched to the patients. Patient
and control samples were genotyped for rs1734787, rs1734791,
rs1734792, and rs17435 by applying the Allelic Discrimination Real-Time
PCR System.
Aims: The aim of this study was to evaluate the expression, methylation
and the association between methylation and expression of Bcl11b gene.
Methods: Fifty patients with AS and 50 age-, sex-, and ethnic-matched
controls were recruited. The expression level of Bcl11b gene was measured using a real-time PCR assay with SYBR Green I, while methylationspecific polymerase chain reaction (MSP) was carried out to analyze the
methylation status.
Results: Our results showed a signicant association between rs1734787

and rs1734791 SNPs and the risk of SLE in Iranian population and did not
show the significant association with rs1734792 and rs17435 SNPs. The
rs1734787 C and the rs1734791 T allele frequencies in the patients were
signicantly higher than the control group. However, there was no significant association between genotype frequencies and SLE patients. There
was no significant association between these SNPs and clinical features.
Result: Our results support a connection between expression and methylation of Bcl11b gene in AS patients. The expression level and methylation
of Bcl11b gene in patients were significantly lower and higher than the
controls, respectively.
Conclusion: The result of this study suggests that polymorphism in the

MECP2 locus is associated with the susceptibility of Iranian SLE patients.
Conclusions: We have identified changes in the expression and methylation of Bcl11b gene that could act as a biomarker for prognosis and future
therapeutic strategies. These data suggest that Bcl11b gene is downregulated in AS via promoter hyper-methylation and therefore may represent a candidate target for treating AS patient.
89
Johannes Fessler, Schwarz Christine, Ficjan Anja, Husic Rusmir,

Stradner Martin, Lechner Evelyne, Lackner Angelika, Graninger
Winfried, Dejaco Christian
Monika K. widerska1, Adrianna Mostowska2, Anna Sowiska3,

Pawe P. Jagodziski2, Alicja E. Grzegorzewska4
Student Nephrology Research Group, Chair and Department of Nephrology, Transplantology and Internal Diseases, Pozna University of Medical Sciences (PUMS),
Pozna, Poland;2Chair and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology,
PUMS, Pozna, Poland; 3Chair and Department of Computer Science and Statistics,
PUMS, Pozna, Poland; 4Chair and Department of Nephrology, Transplantology and
Internal Diseases, PUMS, Pozna, Poland
Purpose and Methods: Immunosenescence accompanied by accumulation of senescent T-cells is a hallmark feature in the pathogenesis of RA.
Here we characterize a novel senescent regulatory T-cell (CD4+CD28FoxP3+) subset. Prospective, cross-sectional study on 35 RA patients and
25 controls [HC]. We used flow cytometry to determine the prevalence of
CD4+CD28-FoxP3+ T-cells and to characterize their phenotype, proliferation, cytokine production and apoptosis. T-cell receptor diversity was determined by RT-PCR.
Background and Methods: Fatal outcomes of RRT patients may have a

source in T helper (Th) cell imbalance which is common in end-stage renal
disease. We aimed to check the association of genes encoding cytokines
related to Th1 and Th2 balance (IL18 rs360719, IL13 rs20541, IL4R
rs1805015, IL12A rs568408, IL12B rs3212227, IL28B rs8099917, IL28B
rs12979860, MCP1 rs1024611) with survival probability of RRT patients.
The study included 1253 hemodialysis patients . IL13, IL4R, IL12A and
IL28B polymorphisms were genotyped by high-resolution melting curve
analysis. Polymerase chain reaction restriction fragment length polymorphism was used for IL18, IL12B and MCP1 genotyping . The Cox`s proportional hazard model and the Kaplan-Meier method were used for statistical
analysis.
Results: Two percent [2.8] of CD4+ T-cells were CD28-FoxP3+ in RA

patients whereas this subset was almost absent in HC [0.6 (0.8),
p=0.077]. The number of CD4+CD28+FoxP3+ Tregs was comparable in
both groups [28.6 (18.5) vs. 32.7 (18), p=0.480]. Surface receptor expression analysis of CD28-FoxP3+ and CD28+FoxP3+ Tregs demonstrated that CD28-FoxP3+ cells expressed higher levels of the regulatory
protein PD-1 [17.45% (0-36.4) vs. 5.45% (1.8-13.5), p=0.034], whereas
CTLA-4 expression was similar in both subsets. Production of various
cytokines including IL-2, IL-4, IL-10, IL-17, TNF- and IFN- was increased in CD28-FoxP3+ cells [all p<0.05] whereas proliferation rate was
lower than in the CD28+ counterparts [50% (0-93.6) non-proliferating cells
vs. 4.6% (0-30.6), p=0.001]. In contrast, apoptosis induction was higher in
CD28-FoxP3+ than in CD28-FoxP3+ Tregs [22.1% (0-30.8) vs. 4.4% (07.8), p<0.001]. TCR diversity was also reduced in CD28-FoxP3+ Tregs
compared to their CD28+ counterparts [84 (36-104) vs. 115 (109-125),
p=0.037].
Results and Conclusion: Patients carrying IL13 minor allele T had increased risk of death since RRT onset compared to CC bearers (HR 1.40,
95% CI 1.11-1.76, p=0.005). IL28B 8099917 GG bearers had higher mortality rates compared to T allele carriers (HR 1.82, 95% CI 1.10-3.01,
p=0.019; n=1,169). Patients having IL28B rs12979860 TT genotype had
increased risk of death compared to patients with CC+CT genotype only
when they were HBV and/or HCV infection negative (HR 1.62, 95% CI
1.09-2.42, p=0.018; n=805). Prevalence of coronary artery disease differed
among IL28B rs12979860 TT bearers comparing to C allele carriers (OR
1.87, 95% CI 1.17-3.00, p=0.010). The IL13 rs20541 allele T and IL28B
8099917 GG genotype are negative predictors of survival in all RRT patients while IL28B rs12979860 TT genotype increases the risk of death
only in HBV and/or HCV negative RRT patients
Conclusion: We discovered a novel T-cell subset which combines both

senescent as well as regulatory properties. This subset favors the proinflammatory milieu and shows altered phenotype and function compared
to non-senescent Tregs.
90
Christoph Eckharter, Nina Junker, Rdiger Schweigreiter
Barbara Scherz1, Nicole Taub2, Birgit Hutter-Paier2, Robert Zimmermann1
Medical University of Innsbruck, Divison of Neurobiochemistry, Austria
Karl-Franzens-Universitt Graz, Austria; 2QPS Austria GmbH
Background: Regeneration after peripheral nerve injuries carries some

problems. A major problem is sprouting of regenerating axons, which is
induced by molecules secreted by Schwann cells as part of the lesion
response. For example, axonal sprouting may lead to the reinnervation of
antagonizing muscle groups by a single regenerating axon.
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a rare, neurodegenerative disease

characterized by muscle weakness and spasticity, ending in respiratory
failure. Transactive response DNA binding protein of 43 kDa (TDP-43)
has been described to trigger neurodegeneration in brain and spinal cord.
Furthermore, malfunctions of TDP-43, such as mislocalization, aggregation and impaired protein degradation have been found in ALS patients.
However, the molecular mechanism by which TDP-43 leads to neurodegeneration and to ALS pathology has not been identified, yet. Thus, we
generated SHSY-5Y cells overexpressing TDP-43 stably.
Aim: We found, that two protein isoforms of the nogo gene, Nogo-A and
Nogo-B, are strongly expressed in Schwann cells of the peripheral nervous
system (PNS). Since Nogo-A is known as a prominent myelin-associated
inhibitor of axonal regeneration in the central nervous system, our aim was
to identify the function of Nogo in the PNS, which is still not recognized.
Methods: We established cell cultures of wild-type (WT) and nogo knockout (KO) Schwann cells and analyzed the morphology of co-cultured sensory neurons that we isolated from the dorsal root ganglia of the thoracolumbar spinal cord of adult WT mice. The Schwann cells were isolated
from the sciatic nerves of early postnatal (p3-p4) mice.
We confirmed mislocalization of TDP-43 to the cytoplasm in inclusion

bodies. Additionally, inhibition of the proteasome or chaperon-mediated
autophagy resulted in impaired degradation and accumulation of TDP-43.
Thus, this cell line will enable an in vitro screening tool for the identification
of new ALS drug candidates. In a second approach, we investigate promising candidates from the in vitro assay in a novel, viral-induced ALS
mouse model. Existing ALS animal models die after a few weeks and are
thus not suitable for drug screening.
Results: The KO of nogo in Schwann cells revealed a reduced branching

phenotype of co-cultured sensory neurons. The number of neuronal
branch points was significantly decreased (p=0.012), whereas the axonal
long-distance growth was not affected by the deletion of nogo in SC.
Impact on medicine: By blocking Schwann cell expressed Nogo we may

have identified a mechanism that improves axonal sprouting without inhibiting axonal long-distance regeneration.
Therefore, we aim to generate a novel mouse model showing a moderate

progression of ALS by injecting Adeno-associated virus 1 (AAV) carrying
human TDP-43 into the dorsal funiculus, where pyramidal cells from the
motor cortex enter the spinal cord. This newly generated animal model will
be characterized by motor and cognition behavioral tests as well as histological and biochemical evaluations. In conclusion, we generate a novel in
vivo drug screening model for ALS und hence, enlighten the role of TDP43 in ALS pathology.
Ariel Abecassis1, Rbert Gbor Suvanjeiev2,3, Dra Ildik Suba1,

Cristian Gbos Grecu2,4, Iosif Gbos Grecu2,4
Adrian Bronisaw Podkowa, Paula Zarba, Kinga Saat, Katarzyna

Kulig, Szczepan Mogilski
Conclusion: The Schwann cell expressed protein Nogo promotes axonal

branching, but not long-distance growth of sensory neurons in vitro.
University of Medicine and Pharmacy Tirgu Mures, Romania; 2First clinic of Psychiatry Targu
Mures; 3Department of Pharmacology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Tirgu Mures; 4Department
of Psychiatry, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Tirgu Mures;
Jagiellonian University in Krakw, Faculty of Pharmacy, Poland;
Introduction: Alzheimers disease is a chronic neurodegenerative disorder

that usually starts slowly at an advanced age. The first symptom is memory impairment, later it might lead to language problems and behavior
disorder. The aim of the study was to evaluate the age, gender distribution,
severity of the disease (QD, MMSE), therapeutical options and secondary
diseases. A cross sectional study, involving 1502 patients who came to
"1st Psychiatric Clinic of Targu Mures" between January 2010 and November 2014.
Background: Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) is a main inhibitory neurotransmitter exhibiting anticonvulsant and anxiolytic activity. GABA action
is limited by transporters, GAT1, GAT2, GAT3 and BGT1 that are involved
in its re-uptake. Tiagabine, a selective inhibitor of GAT1, is used in the
treatment of partial seizures in men. This work aims at the evaluation of
effects of tiagabine on cognitive functions in mice. Therefore, we conducted behavioural tests: passive avoidance (PA), Morris water maze
(MWM) and two-day radial arm water maze (RAWM).
Results: Total amount of patients is1502among them 917females

(61.11%) and 585males (39.01%). Average age of patients is77.1 years,
divided by gender: females-78.1years, males-75.5years. The most common drug for Alzheimers per year - 2010: Donepezil (38.5%); 2011: Galantamine (27.3%); 2012: Galantamine (34.5%); 2013: Donepezil and
Memantine (equal proportion:31.7%); 2014: Memantine(38.5%). The most
given combinations per year 2010: Donepezil & Memantine (0.2%);
2011: Galantamine & Memantine(9.3%); 2012: Donepezil & Rivastigmine
(7%); 2013: Donepezil & Memantine:(13.2%); 2014: Donepezil & Memantine(16%). Secondary diseases: Hypertension: 36 %( 544 patients);
Chronic ischemic cardiopathy: 17.5 %(263 patients); Acute psychotic
disorder 18%(275 patients); Diabetes: 1.9% (29patients); Epilepsy: 1.5%
(24patients). The most common combination of secondary diseases is
hypertension & chronic ischemic cardiopathy: 19 % (292 patients). The
severity according to QD test by gender: average of females results: 21.8
and males results: 21.3.
Methods: Male Swiss Albino mice were used in PA, whereas C57BL/6
mice were used in the MWM and RAWM. Scopolamine was used to induce
memory impairments. In PA, the influence of tiagabine on fear-motivated
memory was tested, while in the MWM and two-day RAWM spatial memory of tiagabine-treated mice was investigated.
Results: In PA tiagabine did not influence scopolamine-induced cognitive
dysfunctions. In the MWM mice treated with tiagabine had improved learning than control mice treated with scopolamine. In the RAWM tiagabinetreated mice made less errors while searching for the arm with the hidden
platform in comparison to scopolamine-treated group.
Conclusion: In this first study evaluating the effect of tiagabine on memory and learning we demonstrated that it did not impair or improved cognitive functions in mice. These effects depend on the task used.
Conclusion: According to our results the occurrence of Alzheimers disease and the severity of it is higher in female patients. The most common
secondary diseases are hypertension and chronic ischemic cardiopathy.
The most common antidemential drug given in the last 5 years was Donepezil and the least one was Rivastigmine.The most given combination of
drugs was Donepezil & Memantine.
91
Paulina Nowak
Marina Cosic1, Eva Bernhart2, Wolfgang Sattler2
Jagiellonian University, Poland
FH JOANNEUM Graz, University of Applied Sciences Graz, AUSTRIA; 2Institute of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University
of Graz, AUSTRIA
Background: Main aim was to define personality profile of patients with

MS diagnosis and to exhibit potential differences in view of coping with
stress and depression/anxiety levels. Some aspects of MS are likely to be
like psychosomatic part of disease. In view of latest research, it is common
to point at the relationship between stress and an onset of first symptoms
like nervous system dysfunction and in following consequence- behavioural changes. Neuropsychology points at an unique temperamental and
personality traits (speed of reaction toward danger (real/anticipated one)
and ability to express emotions (especially negative ones)). Neurobiological discussions are about 1. hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis dysfunction related to previously being influenced by chronic stress or accumulation of negative life events in a premorbid period and 2. PRKCA gene
coding protein kinase C responsible for stronger memory signature and
possibly higher risk of PTSD.
Introduction: Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common type of

primary brain tumor in adults with a median survival time of 15 months for
patients. Protein kinase D2 plays a major role in glioblastoma growth
which holds promise for new therapeutic options. GBM is characterized by
a metabolic switch from efficient oxidative phosphorylation towards aerobic
cytoplasmic glycolysis, whichenables GBM cells to proliferate in the human brain.
Aim of this study was to clarify the role of PKD2 on the regulation of glucose utilization in glioma.
Methods: Here, we examined the expression of the glucose (GLUT1,
GLUT3) and glutamine (ASCT) transporter and important enzymes involved in glycolysis by qPCR and/or immunoblotting. Glucose uptake was
determined using fluorescently labelled 2-deoxyglucose (2-NBDG). All
analyses were performed with untreated, mock-transfected cells and two
different PRKD2 targeting siRNAs on day three and six after transfection.
Methods: Clinical interview and psychological questionnaires: NEO-FFI,

CISS, I.P.S.A., The Holmes-Rahe Scale, HAD Scale. Statistical analysis
with using IBM SPSS Statistics.
Results: Significantly higher level of Agreeableness and Neuroticism (p <
0,05). Highly rated stressful events related to premorbid period. Acts of
selfaggresion in premorbid period are related to subjective assessment of
stressful events. Anxiety level is significantly higher in women with MS.
Results: In response to PKD2 silencing only glucose transporters and

phosphofructokinase 1 were upregulated more than 2-fold on RNA level.
On protein level most pronounced effects of silencing were observed for
GLUT3 expression which was almost down regulated by 80-90 % in response to PKD2 silencing. In silenced cells glucose uptake was significantly increased at 120 min.
Conclusion: Results support hypothesis related to strongly affected stress

(premorbid period) and to specific personality profile. Can we talk about
MS as result of genetic background and trigger factor like unique temperamental and personality traits? Any chance for prevention?
Conclusion: These preliminary experiments identified the S/T kinase

PKD2 as a potentialg target to interfere with glioma cell metabolism. PKD2
silencing modulated transcription and translation of glucose and glutamine
transporters as well as transcription of key enzymes involved in the priming and execution phase of glycolysis, and enhanced 2-NBDG uptake.
92
Michaela Krainer1, Katharina Artinger1, Alexander H. Kirsch1, Corinna Schabhttl1, Philipp Eller2, Alexander R. Rosenkranz1, Kathrin
Eller1
Mostafa Jafari1, Saeed Changizi Ashtiyani2

1
Student Research Committee, Arak University of Medical Science, Arak,

Iran; 2Department of Physiology, Arak University of Medical Sciences,
Arak, Iran
Clinical Division of Nephrology, Clinical Department of Internal Medicine

Graz, Austria; 2Clinical Division of Angiology, Clinical Department of
Internal Medicine Graz, Austria
Introduction: Calcium dobesilate is an antioxidant drug and this study is

aimed to investigate the effects of calcium dobesilate on gentamicininduced nephrotoxicity.
Background: Il33, Il36a and Il36b of the Il1-family affect the inflammatory
process by inducing immune cells to produce cytokines. Especially T-cells
are influenced by these cytokines. We hypothesized that il33 and il36 have
considerable impact on the course of inflammatory disease such as the
model of nephrotoxic serum nephritis (NTS) in mice, an immune-complexnephritis, which is close to human glomerulonephritis.
Material and Methods: This experimental study was conducted on 40

male Sprague-Dawley rats. The rats were randomly divided into the following 5 groups: control, sham, gentamicin (100 mg/kg/d, intraperitoneal),
gentamicin and calcium dobesilate (50 mg/kg body weight), gentamicin
and calcium dobesilate (100 mg/kg body weight). Treatment was provided
once a day in a 7-day period. At the end of the 7th day, plasma and urine
samples were taken and the concentrations of creatinine, urea nitrogen,
sodium, potassium, and osmolarity were measured in both samples. The
level of oxidative stress in the left kidney tissue samples was also assessed by measuring malondialdehyde and ferric reducing antioxidant
power.
Methods: We compared expression of Il33, Il36a, Il36b and their cognate

receptors in kidneys of healthy C57BL/6J mice (day 0) to those of day 14
mice in the model of nephrotoxic serum nephritis by quantitative real time
PCR.
Results: While quantitative real time PCR of Il36b shows no significant
change, Il33 and Il33r as well as Il36a and Il36r are significantly upregulated in the kidneys of day 14 mice compared to healthy mice.
Results: Calcium dobesilate intake with both doses led to a significant

decrease in the elevated concentration of creatinine, urea nitrogen, and
fractional excretion of sodium by gentamicin, and an increase in creatinine
clearance and absolute excretion of potassium as compared to the gentamicin group. Furthermore, calcium dobesilate decreased tissue
malondialdehyde and increased tissue ferric reducing antioxidant power at
both doses, in comparison to those in the gentamicin group.Conclusions.
Calcium dobesilate is capable of protecting rats against gentamicininduced nephrotoxicity. This protective effect of calcium dobesilate is
probably dependent on its antioxidant properties.
Conclusion: Data suggests that Il33 and Il36a have indeed impact on the
course of the disease. Based solely on this data it cannot be determined
yet, whether these interleukins promote or counteract progression of NTS.
Therefore, we plan to block respective cytokine receptors by using specific
antibodies and use respective knock-out mice.
It has been shown that Il33 and Il36a provide a promising field of research
concerning treatment of different diseases.
Zsolt Kovacs, Zita Fazakas, Eniko Nemes-Nagy

Katharina Artinger1, Elena Rho2, Alexander H. Kirsch1, Corinna
Schabhttl1, Ida Aringer1, Alexander R. Rosenkranz1, Philipp Eller3,
Kathrin Eller1
University of Medicine and Pharmacy Targu Mures, Romania

Background: Arylsulphatase A (ARSA) is a lysosomal enzyme that catalyses sulphatide degradation. The deficiency of this enzyme causes a genetic disorder, called metachromatic leucodistrophy. Low ARSA activity
can be observed in clinically healthy people, called ARSA pseudodeficiency. In our study we investigated the possible linkage between different
degenerative diseases, such as end stage renal failure and diabetes mellitus type 2.
Clinical Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz,
Austria; 2Clinical Division of Internal Medicine, Ospedale La Carit, Locarno, Switzerland; 3Clinical
Division of Angiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
Methods: 94 individuals were included in this study. They were divided in

three groups: 58 patients with CKD, 14 patients with DM 2 and 24 healthy
people, as control group. We determined the ARSA activity with a spectrophotometric procedure.
Results and discussions: Our findings show a decay of ARSA activity
(p=0.025) that correlates with the years of dialysis treatment (p=0.001). We
asked the patients to complete a Minimental state exam test (MMSE) and
a clock drawing test in order to appreciate their mental status.
Related to the control group, there was statistically significant difference
with p=0.01, which indicates a reduced ARSA activity in patients with DM.
These findings suggest a vicious cycle where diabetes lowers ARSA activity, the sulfatide biosynthesis stops working, the absence of sulfatide worsens the diabetes, starting all over again.
Conclusions: These findings suggest a new hypothesis in which a vicious
cycle is enclosed between ARSA sulfatide degenerative diseases.
ARSA may be an important metabolic co-factor of clinically different diseases, but with common molecular physiopathology. Our findings should
increase clinicians attention towards possible complications in these patients as a consequence of secondary sulfatide disorders.
93
Bianca Frauscher1, Katharina Artinger1, Corinna Schabhttl1, Alexander R. Rosenkranz1, Philipp Eller2, Kathrin Eller1, Alexander H.
Kirsch1
Kathrin Horvat1, Frank R. Heinzel1,2, Gernot Schilcher1,3

1
Medical University of Graz, Austria; 2Department of Cardiology, Medical

University of Graz, Austria; 3Department of Nephrolody, Medical University of Graz, Austria
Clinical Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical

University of Graz, Graz Austria; 2Division of Angiology, Department of
Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz Austria
BACKGROUND: Atrial fibrillation (AF) increases the risk of stroke significantly, even if only short episodes of silent AF occur. The CHA2DS2Vasc-Score is used to assess the stroke risk in AF-patients. Both the
prevalence of AF and the rate of AF-associated complications have been
shown to be especially high in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD).
Hence the aim of the research was to find out whether a higher CHA2DS2Vasc-Score was associated with a higher prevalence of AF in patients with
CKD. It was assumed that decreasing kidney function was related to increased CHA2DS2-Vasc-Scores.
Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with increased

morbidity and mortality. We developed a murine model of CKD and evaluated the kidney-phenotype along with changes of markers of the mineral
and bone metabolism.
Methods: DBA/2NCrl mice were fed standard chow diet (control group) or
high phosphate diet (CKD group) for four days with subsequent return to
SCD for 14 (n=7) or 84 days (n=8).
METHODS: Data on CKD-stage [I-VD], creatinine serum level [mg/dl],

eGFR [ml/min/1.73m2] and CHA2DS2-Vasc-Score [0-9] was gathered
retrospectively for 500 walk-in-patients seen at the Nephrology outpatientclinic (01/12-06/13), based on Medocs data. AF and non-AF patients were
compared with regard to creatinine level, eGFR, age, CHA2DS2-VascScore and CKD-stages, using t-test and Chi-square distribution.
Results: The CKD group developed CKD due to marked calcification of

the kidneys. CKD was diagnosed by measuring the glomerular filtration
rate (GFR) by FITC-inulin clearance as well as by serum-urea. The GFR
showed a decrease, whereas serum-urea was significantly increased in
CKD mice compared to control mice. Serum fibroblast growth factor-23
was significantly increased in CKD mice on day 14 with a trend towards
increased parathyroid hormone levels. Immunohistochemical stainings of
kidneys revealed a significant increase of infiltrating CD4+ and CD8+ cells,
however CD68+ macrophages constituted the major infiltrating cell population, mainly in the cortico-medullary border zone. This was confirmed by
qPCR, where mRNA levels of the macrophage markers ccr2, ccr5 and ccl2
were up regulated in CKD mice when compared to control mice. With the
exception of tnfa and il6, no other T cell markers were up regulated in CKD
mice.
RESULTS: Age and CHA2DS2-Vasc-Scores were significantly higher,

eGFR-rates significantly lower in patients with AF (p-value <0,0001). The
prevalence of AF increased 2fold in patients with CKD stages IV-VD
(20,08%) compared to those with CKD-stages I-III (9,77%). Moreover,
eGFR decreased with increasing CHA2DS2-Vasc-Score in the group of
Age <75.
CONCLUSION: Patients with lower kidney function are more likely to
suffer from AF. For patients aged <75yrs, a high CHA2DS2-Vasc-Score
might be an indicator for severe kidney impairment. To identify high-risk
AF-patients, the CHA2DS2-Vasc-Score might be suitable; however prospective studies are needed to evaluate its predictive value.
Conclusion: Here, we present a model of CKD, which reflects important

features of the human equivalent and represents a useful tool for the investigation of pathogenic features of the mineral and bone metabolism in
CKD without the need for surgical methods.
94
Sonia Karolina Osadnik, Mateusz Hoda, Mateusz Koziej, Wiesawa

Klimek-Piotrowska
Dusan Jordan Petrovic

Institute for Cardiovascular Disease Dedinje, Serbia
Jagiellonian University Medical College, Poland

Background: The purpose of the present study was to underline the
important role that the venous valves of the heart play in invasive cardiology.
Background: Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a progressive disease of

the heart muscle. It is characterized by the dilatation of cardiac cavities
and deteriorated function of the left chamber in the absence of innate
coronary, valvular, and pericardial lesions of the heart.
Methods: We examined 115 randomly selected autopsied human hearts.

Focus was put on the morphological assessments of the Thebesian,
Eustachian, Vieussens and middle cardiac vein valves. Diameters of the
IVC orifice and coronary sinus ostium (CSO) were measured and the
percentage of their coverage by appropriate valves was calculated.
Methods: Overall, the study included 126 successive patients with idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy. They were all sent to Dedinje Institute for
Cardiovascular Diseases. Researchers took notes of their patients gender, age, risk factors, cardiovascular therapy, and death outcome. The
patients were monitored for ten years.
Results: The Eustachian valve was present in 72% with a mean height of
4.832.59mm. Mean percent coverage of the IVC ostium area was 23%.
The Thebesian valve was present in 102 cases (88.7%). The mean coverage of CSO by this valve was 60% and in 5 cases it covered the entire
CSO. The Vieussens valve was present in 65 hearts (56.5%) and was
unicuspid (70%), bicuspid (27%) or tricuspid (3%). The middle cardiac vein
valve was present in 52% of cases.
Results: After one year, researchers lost contact with four patients. As a
consequence, the latter were excluded from the study. Out of remaining
122 patients, 9.8% (n=12) of them suffered an unwanted outcome. Over
the following four years, four more patients were lost from the database
and the number of unwanted outcomes rose to 45 % (n=54). Exactly ten
years after the beginning of the study, the final number of unwanted outcomes is 61% (n=73), which makes a ten-year survival rate of 38.1%
(n=45).
Conclusion: In about 4% of patients the present Thebesian valve covered

the whole CSO and could impede successful cannulation. The Eustachian
and Vieussens valves are typically too small to seriously hamper the
catheterization, but in some cases a significantly protruding Eustachian
valves (~2%) and a tricuspid and/or relatively large Vieussens valves
(~5%) may present significant obstacle.
Conclusion: This study reveals that the treatment of DCM patients has
limited effectiveness. The results are such due to the low ten-year survival
rate in DCM patients (treated with medication therapy) - only 38.1%
(n=45). The NYHA class and the function of the right chamber have the
greatest prognostic significance.
Significance & Impact on medicine: Since the application of medication
therapy had limited effects, a greater emphasis on non-medication treatment (CRT, transplantation) must inevitably lead to better results.
Georg Hoedl
Milad Asadi1, Saeed aslani2, seyed Mojtaba Mohaddes Ardabili1

1
Tabriz medical university, Iran, Islamic Republic of; 2Department of immunology, school of medicine, Tehran University of Medical sciences,
Tehran, Iran

Objective: Prevention, diagnosis and treatment of ischemic heart disease
(IHD) provide challenges for modern medicine. Stress CT and stress MRI
are two relatively new non-invasive imaging modalities for the diagnosis of
IHD. The following review focuses on the validity and current developments of these two methods. Other imaging modalities will also be addressed.
Background: Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a serious lethal

disease that is characterized through involvement of heart muscles and
cause sudden death. HCM is known to be manifested by mutation in at
least 12 sarcomeric genes. The -Myosin Heavy Chain (-MYH7) gene
mutations are the most common gene with mutations in HCM. In the current study, it is aimed to identify mutations of -MYH7 gene.
Methods: Initially a PubMed search for MeSH terms was conducted. If the
abstract showed relevance the full paper was read. Additional papers were
picked from the references of the initial papers. Furthermore textbooks
were consulted.
Stress MRI provides functional and anatomical depiction of the heart without using ionizing radiation. Pharmacological stressors like adenosine
(perfusion imaging) and dobutamine (inducing wall motion abnormalities)
are commonly used. Disadvantages include procedure duration and contraindications (e.g. metallic implants). Stress CT can be used to image
functional and anatomic data of the heart including the coronary arteries,
which no other test is able to provide. Usually vasodilators like adenosine
and regadenoson are used as stressors. Disadvantages include the use of
ionizing radiation and lack of long-term data.
Method: Forty patients with HCM of Azerbaijan, Iran race without any
familial relations were included in ongoing study. Genomic DNA content
was extracted from blood samples using Phenol-Chloroform method.
Then, all the exonic regions of MYH7 were amplified by PCR. Afterwards,
the PCR products were screened by single strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) to identify the mutated positions. SSCP results were approved by sequencing the amplified exons.
Result: Thoroughly, 7 patients were discriminated to bear 7 mutations in
-MYH7 gene which all of them were missense mutations. There were no
novel mutation among patients and all mutation that was realized in this
study had been explained before. There were 2 patients with I736T, 2 with
R787H, 2 with A797T mutations and one of the patients demonstrated
A723G mutation.
Other tests: Stress echocardiography is cheap and easy to apply but

shows limited diagnostic accuracy. Nuclear medicine procedures (SPECT,
PET) allow assessment of perfusion but provide poor spatial resolution.
Invasive coronary angiography is the reference standard for diagnosing
IHD but holds additional risks and often yields negative test results.
Conclusion: This study concluded that -MYH7 gene mutations were

presented in only 18 percent of the patients. However other similar studies
had already resulted in at least with 25 percent frequency. The discrepancies are perhaps because of the technics and differences in races.
Discussion: If current limitations can be overcome in the future, stress CT

and stress MRI will almost definitely replace long proven imaging modalities
95
Edin Begi1, Amra Dobraa2, Nedim Begi1, Mirna Dubur1, Adi

Kovaevi1
Anita Kurczina, Katalin ri
Faculty of Medicine Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina; 2Ergomed PLC
Introduction: Heart murmurs (innocent, functional and organic) in children are the most common reason for specialist cardiac treatment.
Background: The serum level of ACE2 enzyme is increased in patients

with systolic heart failure (HF). However, there is little data on the change
of sACE2 activity during progression or regression of HF.
Methods: This study included 116 children, which were examined in Pediatric Clinic, CCUS, during 2014.
Methods: We examined the changes of serum ACE and ACE2 activity and
the ultrasound parameters of the heart in patients (n=100) with HF undergoing cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) and in a healthy control
group (n=46). sACE2 activity was assessed by a fluorometric assay and
sACE activity was determined by spectrophotometric measurements.
Results: First group consisted of 92 (83.6%) children with innocent murmurs (Still's murmur- 55,4%, pulmonary flow murmur- 30.43%, carotid bruit
- 5.43%, venous hum- 4,3%, benign cephalic murmur- 3,26%, Potain
murmur- 1.08%) and 5 (16,4%) patients with functional murmurs
(secondary affection of the heart). Second group consisted of 16,4% children who had organic murmurs- atrial septal defect 36,8%, ventricular
septal defect 21%, tetralogy of Fallot 10,5%, patent ductus arteriosus
5,25%, atrioventricular septal defect 5,2%, aortic coarctation 5,26%, pulmonary stenosis 5,26%, complex defects in 10,52% of cases.
Results: We have found a positive correlation between sACE2 level and

NYHA stadium (control: 16.20.8 UF/mL;NYHAII: 32.31.8 UF/
mL;NYHAIII: 45.22.9 UF/mL;NYHAIV: 64.26.2 UF/mL). sACE2 was not
associated with the diagnostic biomarker NT-proBNP level in the control
group, however positive correlation could be seen in the CRT group
(r=0.4). In accordance with the positive changes during the reverse remodeling [ESD(mm): 56.21.3 vs. 51.91.4; EDD(mm): 67.31.3 vs. 63.91.2;
EF(%): 28.20.7 vs. 34.21.1] there is significant decrease in sACE2 level
(control:16.20.8 UF/mL,CRT:42.52.9 UF/ml vs. 34.31.9 UF/ml). In the
CRT group we could not notice any difference in ACE activity due to ACE
inhibitor therapy (control:33.61.7 U/mL;CRT: 14.22.0 vs. 11.31.9 UF/
mL).
Findings in each group (first versus second group): pulsations 12.4% vs.
57.9% (p <0.001), thrill 6.2% vs. 42.1% (p <0.001), normal apex beat
90.7% vs. 52.6% (p <0.001), regular rhytm 96.9% vs. 68.4% (p <0.001),
normal heart sounds 84.5% vs. 52.6%, extra sound 10.3% vs. 8.2%.
In first group quality of murmur was vibratory in 32.3% and ejection in
31.9% of cases and in second, ejection in 26.3% and holosystolic in 73.7%
of cases.
Conclusion: Elevated sACE2 activity occurred during the reverse remodeling suggested that ACE2 plays a pathogenetic role in both development
and regression of HF. Correlation of sACE2 level with the systolic dysfunction, with the degree of reverse remodeling and with serum level of NTproBNP suggested that sACE2 can be used as HF biomarker.
Conclusion: Differentiation of murmurs is done primarily with auscultation

(assessment of frequency and rhythm, quality of tones, definition of a
second tone). Suspected organic murmurs seek ultrasound evaluation.
Impact on medicine: Auscultation, including modern medicine, must be
basis for differentiation of murmurs, considering frequency of innocent
murmurs and meaningless use of additional diagnostic methods, which
aren't routine.
96
Basel- Elia Azar1, Anas- Abdellatif Rabata2, Fadi- Hanna Makhool3

Hosni Khairy Salem, Ahmed Alkashash, Ahmed Elgebaly, Ayman
Shahat, Ahmed Magdy, Amr AL Okelley, Basma Ibrahim
Palacky university- Czech Republic; 2Masaryk university- Czech republic; 3Damascus university, Syria
Faculty of Medicine,Cairo University, Egypt
Introduction: According to the American Cancer Society, rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) comprises about three percent of childhood cancers, and it
affects slightly more males than females. RMS is a small, round, blue cell
tumor usually arising in skeletal muscle tissue, and it is thought to originate
from mesenchymal cells likely committed to the skeletal muscle lineage.
Umbilical neoplastic nodules can be due to a primary tumor in 38% of

cases, due to endometriosis in 32% of individuals, and in 30% are actually
secondary tumor deposits from a primary tumor elsewhere , genitourinary
tumors represent (1235%) of the sources of secondary Umbilical tumor.
Umbilical metastasis is rare condition representing a late stage of cancer
with a poor prognosis. The majority of such cases are associated with
primary gastrointestinal and gynecologic cancers, and fewer cases are
reported with the urinary tract cancers.
Report of a case: A patient 9 years old visited the department of oral and
maxillofacial surgery- faculty of dentistry- Damascus university, complaining of a non-painful swelling in the left cheek region. The swelling started 2
months ago and increased in size quickly. The patient had an extraction of
few teeth in the left upper jaw and was prescribed antibiotics by her general dentist, who thought it to be a dental abscess.
The clinical examination showed a lesion of a soft consistency extending
from the upper left canine to the palate, buccal vestibulum, and tuber of the
maxilla. The radiographic investigation showed a massive destruction and
invasion of adjacent structures by the lesion.
In this report, we describe a rare case of metastasis that presented as

umbilical hernia that
was
associated
with bladder mass.
Imaging studies including computerized tomography was done, and endoscopy with resection of the bladder mass was done.
Finally radical cystectomy was done with resection of the umbilical nodule
and the pathology revealed that the carcinoma of the bladder was the
primary source of this umbilical metastasis with the same pathology;
squamous cell carcinoma.
The patient was scheduled for biopsy under intravenous sedation. The
histologic result was rhabdomyosarcoma. Other investigations (X-ray of
the chest ,Sonography , and Bone scintigraphy) showed no metastatic
lesions.
Therefore, umbilical metastasis should be considered among the differential diagnosis of umbilical hernia
Treatment:
1- Chemotherapy:
2- Surgery:
3- Radiotherapy:
Discussion: Approximately 60% of all newly diagnosed rhabdomyosarcomas are of embryonal type, and usually happen in younger children. With
combined modality therapy - chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and surgery
- the overall survival rate for all pediatric rhabdomyosarcomas is 71%
Hosni Khairy Salem, Eman Eid Badr, Fatma Fawzy, Mostafa Eid,
Eman Sultan, Ahmed Shahine, Amr hussine
Orsolya Somodi
Faculty of Medicine,Cairo University, Egypt
Ganglioneuroma is a well differentiated benign neoplasm, which consists

of mature Schwann cells, ganglion cells and nerve fibers. It rarely occurs in
the adrenal gland.
Background. The preterm infants RDS has a completely different etiology

and pathophysiology than the term infants respiratory failure, it is more
similar to adult RDS. However the treatment approach shows similarities
and contains the followings: 1. Early intubation. 2. Surfactant. 3. Recruitment maneuver (if the 0I>20, with HFO open lung strategy). 4. Prone
position. 5. Inhaled NO. 6. Rapid weaning and extubation.
We report on a non functioning adrenal gland tumor diagnosed as ganglioneuroma (mature type) in a 35 years old female who presented with
vague abdominal pain for 2 months. Ultrasound and computed tomography
of the abdomen revealed a rounded hypo-dense non-enhancing homogenous mass of left adrenal gland. Histopathological examination revealed a
well-encapsulated benign tumor composed of spindled Schwann cells with
scant cytoplasm, dark nuclei and inconspicuous nucleoli admixed with
ganglion cells with abundant eosinophilic cytoplasm, large vesicular nuclei
and prominent nucleoli.
Objective. Determine the effectiveness of our strategy by calculating the

mortality rate, the duration of invasive ventilation and the time of discharge.
Additionally we investigated the etiology of respiratory failure and our
treatment approach.
Methods. Medical history was collected from the hospitals electronic
database from 01.2003-01.2013. Participants included all infants (>36
weeks), who had no major congenital malformation, and who received
HFO ventilation and/or iNO treatment.
In conclusion, Ganglioneuroma is a rare adrenal tumor that can develop

spontaneously and asymptomatic and are diagnosed incidentally
Results. During the 10-year period, 50 patients with severe and moderate
ARDS-like respiratory failure were identified. Most common etiology factors
were MAS 21 (42%), pneumonia 9 (18%), and sepsis 9 (18%).We treated
with surfactant 32 patient (64%), HFO + NO 28 (56%),
HFO+NO+surfactant 21 (42%), HFO alone 14 (28%), NO alone 8 (16%).
The duration of invasive ventilation was 9.64 (+/-6.22) days. Length of
hospital stay was 21.33 (+/-6.25) days. The mortality rate was 6%.
Conclusion. Our strategy is effective to treat moderate and severe respiratory failure in term infants. We hypothesize that it can be successfully
derived to the adult therapic strategies to decrease the mortality rate of
ARDS, which is between 30-50%.
97
Adi Kovacevic1, Emir Guso2, Edin Begic1, Nermina Arukovic1

1
University of Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina; 2General Hospital

''Prim.dr Abdulah Nakas''
Introduction and hypothesis: In everyday radiological practice, different
spine and neck problems often are represented as a differential diagnostic
problem. This report pertains to patients with neck pain, increased muscle
tone, and paresthesia diagnosed by neurologists with cervical spine syndrome. Radiological findings point to Crowned Dens Syndrome (CDS),
which is the formation of calcifications on the head of the Dens Axis. CDS
is a severely underreported syndrome, and should be further researched
as it shows symptoms of multiple different diseases. The main hypothesis
of this work is to show the incorrect diagnosis made in regards to patients
with previously unidentified CDS.
Methods and Materials: This paper is a retrospective case-series formed
from the radiological findings of MSCT spiral scans of the cervical spine of
two middle-age patients during a two month period, and thereafter diagnosed by radiologists as crowned dens syndrome.
Results: The radiological evidence points to massive calcifications located
around the Dens Axis, around the ligaments of the atlantoaxial joint
(ligg.alaria, lig.longitudinalis posterior, lig.apicis dentis,lig.transversum),
shaped like a crown. This differs from other degenerative diseases, as it
lacks degenerative changes of the bone.
Conclusion: The therapy for cervical spine syndrome is purely symptomatic, and consists of NSAIDs for pain relief and of myorelaxents for muscle tone. Therapy for crowned dens syndrome is curative and symptomatic, and consists of anti-gout therapy (colhicine) and NSAIDS
(indomethacine) which lessens the calcification of the dens axis, and therefore the symptoms.
98
ALI OSTOVAR
reza rasoolzadeh1, Amir Safi2
MAZANDARAN MEDICAL SCIENCE, Iran
Young Researchers and Elites club, Science and Research Branch,

Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran, Iran; 2Faculty of Sciences, Najafabad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Najafabad, Esfahan, Iran
The classical methods for the measurement of glycogen fractions is based

on hot Acid digestion of tissues animal yields two fractions of acid soluble
(ASG) and insoluble glycogen (AIG). There are several uncertainties on
glycogen assay due to autolysis, precipitation and contamination of fractions.
Background: Neurons are affected by GABA through a large number of

receptor subtypes which are categorized according to their pharmacological characteristics in two major groups of receptors: The ionotropic receptor family and metabotropic receptor family. The aforementioned class is
divided into two subfamilies, GABAA and GABAC receptors according to
their competence of the functional heteromeric and homomeric receptor
formation and physiological and pharmacological differences. The second
major class of receptors are G protein coupled receptors (GABAB receptors) which act via second messengers coupled receptors. The molecular
diversity of these ligand gated ion channels indicates significant challenges
for scientists to design subunit-specific therapeutic agents.
Objectives: The current study performed to improve measurement of

glycogen fractions in rat liver in different physiological states.
Methods: All steps of the assay were manipulated and optimized to measure the content of ASG and AIG in fed and starved rat liver.
Results: In postmortem liver tissue, total glycogen was decreased slowly
at 4C and rapidly at 25C but was well stabilized at 20C. At room temperature, ASG undergoes autolysis at the rate of 1.3% and decreased by
half at 35 min, while AIG increased slightly but not significantly. The yield
of the recovery of ASG during four successive extractions depends on the
sample size.
Methods: In this study, we worked on the Monte Carlo method with AMBER, BIO+ and OPLS force fields. kinetic energy, potential energy and
total energy in 295, 298,305, 310and 315 Kelvin temperatures were used
for computation.
Conclusions: By optimizing the condition for the assay of glycogen fractions, the CV% was less than 5%. ASG is the main and metabolically
active portion of glycogen in rat liver.
Results: For kinetic energy ,total energy and potential energy in 310 K
temperature(the body normal temperature)amount of energy decreased.
This can be interpreted that the molecule is in its most stable condition.
Conclusion: GABA is the most frequent neurotransmitter exists in vertebrates CNS. As its inhibitory role in CNS, it can be used as a goal for drug
designing. In this study the energy levels were calculated theoretically. The
results revealed that the chemical structure of GABA is stable in body
temperature. Further studies are recommended to use these data for this
structure in association with drug molecules affecting GABA.
Rreze Gecaj1, Corina Schanzenbach2, Irmgard Riedmaier-Sprenzel2,

Michael Pfaffl2, Bajram Berisha1,2
Ivana { Slavko } Komazec

University of Prishtina, Agriculture and Veterinary Faculty, Biotechnology

Department, Pristina, Kosovo; 2Physiology Weihnstephan and ZIEL Research Center for Nutrition and Food Science, Technical University Munich, Freising, Germany
On the assumption that artistic achievements call for genetically controlled

predispositions, we arrived at a hypothesis that changes in the genetic
homozygosity and variability could be a population-genetic parameter for
predicting such artistic achievements.
RNA integrity is decisive for a successful cDNA library preparation and

generation of high yield cDNA library determines the success rate of next
generation sequencing (NGS) workflow. NGS has become the method of
choice when aiming proteome screening for microRNA profiling. Abnormal
microRNA expression is related to different pathologies and recently several studies show specific microRNA profiling in reproductive tissue. However, the corpus luteum is not yet examined and our study aims at generating an expression profile of microRNAs involved in the development of
bovine corpus luteum during the cycle.
This population-genetic study compares morphophysiological and genetic

variability in a control group of individuals (N=80) with a group of theater
artists from Serbia (N=60), by using a test of determination of homozygously recessive characteristics in humans (HRC-test).
Genetic homozygosity degree did not show statistically significant difference in the mean values obtained for the studied samples (control group
5.5+0.3 ; theater artists 5.4 +0.13; HRCs, out of 20 analyzed characteristics), but differences in the type of distribution and variability, as well as in
presence of specific combinations of such traits were evident (c2 = 72.9 ,
p<0.001; control- V=42.4% , theater artists- V=35.6%).
Total RNA was extracted from CL-samples at different cycle stage. Total
RNA was purified and samples with RIN values greater than 6 were analyzed for the quantification of miRNA content (6-150 nts). For library preparation 200 ng of RNA was used as starting material and processed by
NEBNext Multiplex Small RNA Library Prep Set for Illumina. The amplified
constructs of 130- 150nts in length were cut out from the gel, purified and
their size analyzed by High Sensitivity DNA Kit.
We show that total RNA is of good quality with RIN values between 6-9. A
content of 20-30% of miRNAs is measured on the Bioanalyzer-2100 and
subsequently a cDNA library with a construct length of approximately
150nts is prepared.The lab-on-chip technology combined with NEBNext
reagents is an appropriate methodology and enabled us to evaluate RNA
integrity, miRNA contents and cDNA (miRNA/adaptors) construct length.
However, NGS and data mapping will confirm the final abundance of mature miRNA in CL-samples.
99
Nina Miljanovi
Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Serbia
Introduction: Drug development is a process which obligatory includes
examination of physico-chemical molecular properties and especially
lipophilicity. One of methods for experimental determination of lipophilicity
is liquid chromatography.
Aim: The aim of this research is to examine lipophilicity of new succiminides with a reverse-phase thin layer chromatography (RPTLC), determine coefficient of hydrophobicity C0 and compare it to in silico calculated
logarithm of partition coefficient, logP.
Materials and methods: Retential constants of N-(3- i 4- substituted
phenyl)-2-phenil succinimides are determined with RPTLC. As mobile
phases were used two-component mixtures water-ethanol, water-propan-1
-ol and water-propan-2-ol with a different volume of organic solvent.
Results: Retention constants RM0 were calculated from equation RM =
RM0+ S as well as index of hydrophobicity C0=RM0/S. Hydrophobic
indexes of different mobile phases were correlated to in silico obtained
values of logP, whose calculation were based on atomic and fractional
approach.
Conclusion: Correlation between logP and C0 is statistically significant,
which confirms that C0 reflects on lipophilicity of compounds and can be
used for quantification of hydrophobicity of examined compounds. Also
lipophilicity of some succinimides could not be determined with in silico
methods and RPTLC is very efficient alternative.
100
Joanna uniewska, Anahit Hovhannisyan, Dominika Gawlak,

Katarzyna Maka-Malara
Joanna uniewska, Anahit

Hovhannisyan,
Dominika
Gawlak,
Department of Prosthodontics, Medical University of Warsaw, Poland
Introduction: Divers use three types of diving mouthpieces, which correspond to mouthguards used during practicing many sport disciplines. Long
-term usage of all of them may have an impact on tissues of oral cavity and
the temporomandibular joints. The aim of this study was to compare types
of diving mouthpieces used by the divers and their influence on the stomatognathic system.
Background: Breathing apparatuses which are equipped with elastic

intraoral elements are used interchangeably by many divers. Mouthpieces
are rarely disinfected or sanitized, which may lead to bacterial and viral
infections in the oral cavity. The aim of this work was to compare the state
of knowledge of divers from different countries about the possibility of
using different types of diving mouthpieces and its sanitization.
Materials and methods: The survey was conducted among 419 divers.
The group of respondents whose answers were included in further analysis
consisted of 49 divers of the same age, with similar qualifications and
experience in diving, using standard diving mouthpieces and 49 divers who
use the boil and bite type of a diving mouthpiece.
Methods: The survey was conducted among 419 divers (243 form Poland, 173 from other countries) of similar age group and experience in
diving. The survey respondents assessed the usage of different types of
diving mouthpieces and the possibilities of their sanitization.
Results: Divers who use standard diving mouthpieces are more often
forced to clench the dental arches in order to hold a mouthpiece, which
may result in negative changes in the stomatognathic system. Cracks, pain
in TMJ, tenderness of the chewing muscles and teeth grinding during
nights occur with equal frequency in both groups.
Results: The study found that standard mouthpieces are significantly

more common in the case of Polish divers (93%), meanwhile boil and
bite type of mouthpieces (23%) are much more often used by divers from
other countries. What is more, an exceeding number of divers from other
countries than Poland practice hygienic procedures after using a mouthpiece and more frequently replace it with a new one.
Conclusion: Research has shown that both standard and boil and bite
type of mouthpieces have a significant impact on the functions of the
stomatognathic system.
Conclusion: The state of knowledge of divers in the range of possibility of

using different types of diving mouthpieces and appropriate hygiene is
insufficient.
Impact on medicine & Significance: This study shows that people who
dive should be under constant dental observation in order to minimize the
negative influence of using diving mouthpieces.
Impact on medicine: This study shows that the education of divers by

General Dental Practitioners, about the proper usage of diving mouthpieces, is recommended.
Marta Klikowska, Anahit Hovhannisyan,

Dominika Gawlak, Katarzyna Maka-Malara
Joanna
uniewska,
Anahit Hovhannisyan, Joanna uniewska, Dominika Gawlak,

Background: During routine procedures performed under general anesthesia with the use of a laryngoscope spoon in an endotracheal intubation,
the oral tissue may become damaged. The aim of this study was to assess
the damage to teeth which occurred during the intubation and prophylactic
procedures performed by the anesthetists in terms of injuries in the oral
cavity.
Methods: The questionnaire conducted among 52 Polish anesthetists in
terms of damage to the oral cavity.
Results: Teeth damage caused by intubation was observed by the 63% of
the respondents in the past 5 years of their clinical practice. An overwhelming number of physicians (77%) indicated the soft tissue trauma and
the fracture of hard tissues of the teeth as the most frequently occurring
treatment complication. The necessity of using protective mouthguards
during intubation was indicated by 56% of the responder; however, most of
them do not use that possibility in their daily practice.
Conclusion: Damage to the tissues of the oral cavity constitutes a common complication of treatments with intubation.
Impact on medicine & Significance: Prior to the surgeries under general
anesthesia and after assessing the difficulty of intubation, the anesthetists
should consider providing the patients who are at high risk of dental injuries with protective occlusal mouthguards.
The Department of Prosthodontics, Medical University of Warsaw, Poland

Diving is a well-known sport discipline which is practiced more and more.
Many people are professionally involved in diving. The environmental
conditions which surround the divers may have a negative impact on both
the oral tissues and the dental restorations. The aim of this work was to
analyze the occurrence of damage to the teeth and the prosthetic and
preventive restorations which occurred during diving professionally or
recreationally.
A survey on the occurrence of damage to oral tissues and the prosthetic
and preventive restorations, was conducted among 419 divers of similar
age group and experience (both professional and recreational).
Damages within the oral cavity during diving occur significantly more often
in the group of professional than recreational divers (p<0,05). In both
groups, the most common phenomenon was the loss of preventive restorations (16% of professionals and 7% of amateurs). Prosthetic restoration
damage was significantly more common in the case of professional divers
(p<0,05). Tooth fracture during diving, not connected with mechanical
injury, was noticed more often by professional (12%) than amateur divers
(4%) (p<0,05). In a group that has been diving for less than 2 years, only
1% of the respondents experienced tooth fracture; for 2 to 5 years - 3%; for
more than 5 years - 9,5%. This results are statistically significant (p<0,05).
Professional divers are particularly exposed to implications within the oral
cavity.
Both professional and amateur divers require regular dental appointments
with specific examination that may minimize the occurrence of dental
implications of scuba diving.
101
Anahit Hovhannisyan, Joanna uniewska, Dominika Gawlak,

Elena Ribareva
Ss. Cyril and Methodius University - Skopje, Macedonia
The Department of Prosthodontics, Medical University of Warsaw, Poland

Long-term usage of dying mouthpieces may have a negative impact on the
stomatognathic system, causing problems with the chewing muscles and
the temporomandibular joint. An increased stress level was connected with
practicing an extreme sport discipline, as well as the environmental conditions constitute additional risk factors. Assessment of divings influence on
the occurrence of the masticatory apparatus afflictions.
The study was conducted among 590 people 103 professional divers,
316 amateurs and 171 respondents who aren't divers. The collected data
was statistically analysed based on the included variables by the diving
experience, sex and age.
Amateur diving significantly increases chances of the occurrence of pain in
the chewing muscles. The feeling of neuromuscular fatigue differed in the
group of respondents on grounds of various factors: sex it occurred more
often in the case of females, age afflictions were increasing with age,
diving status divers experienced the feeling significantly more often than
those who don't dive, the sex and diving status interaction the women
who are professional divers reported pain afflictions more often. Professional divers more often experienced tooth grinding.The occurrence of
acoustic symptoms in TMJ is more frequent with the increase of the respondents' age.
In addition of conventional endodontic treatment and in favor of better

decontamination of root canals, the use of different types of laser is increasingly recommended. Our aim was to investigate the antimicrobial
effect of conventional endodontic treatment, compared with the effect of
using diode laser (LaserHF, Hager&Werken, GmbH, Co.Germany) with a
wavelength of 660 m and antimicrobial photodynamique therapy (aPDT)
using photosensitive substance (methylene blue) and diode laser. Nine
patients were divided into three groups: the first group was treated with
conventional endodontic treatment; the second group was conducted with
diode laser treatment, and the third one - with aPDT. Before and after
treatment, a channel samples were taken with sterile paper spikes, placed
in a sterile vial and microbiologically analyzed to determine the presence
of microorganisms. Research shows that after administered treatment,
there is a reduction in the number of microorganisms in all groups. Furthermore, by performing the diode laser treatment and aPDT comes to a
significant reduction of microorganisms, compared to the group which was
only conducted the conventional way. The data suggest that the diode
laser and aPDT are extremely useful additional tools in performing endodontic treatment.
The experience in diving, sex and the age of the respondents have an
impact on the occurrence of the stomatognathic system afflictions.
People practicing this sport discipline should regularly visit GDP in aim to
minimize the occurrence of the stomatognathic system afflictions.
Liudmyla Kryvenko, Maryna Bocharova, Rozana Nazaryan, Vitalii

Gargin
Joanna uniewska, Magdalena witkowska, Aleksandra Koodziejek
Kharkiv National Medical University, Ukraine

Caries in children at different ages proceeds differently. Caries is determined not only by the condition of the tooth tissue, but also factors largely
oral, oral fluid, whose composition depends on the organism and reflects
its numerous variations.
The aim of the study was to examine the effects of adverse pregnancy on
development of caries.
During the in-depth examination conducted dental examination of apparently healthy children referred pediatrician. The survey included patients
aged 6-14 years with a diagnosis of caries (119 people), who were born in
38-40 weeks gestation and 34-36 weeks gestation.
In each group, isolated groups according to the presence of adverse factors of pregnancy. Result of dental checkup children were divided into two
main groups: non-sanitized and sanitized. Dental health of children in
group 1 corresponded mainly to the I degree or compensated form of
caries with single carious lesions. Caries index ranged from 1 to 3. The
children in group 2 had multiple caries (II degree of caries) mainly. Caries
index ranged from 10 to 20, which corresponded to sub compensated form
of caries.
Conclusion. Thus, the unfavorable factors of pregnancy lead to increased
rate of caries in childhood.
Warsaw Medical University, Poland

Bifid mandibular canal is an anatomic variant of the mandibular canal,
encountered in 0,08%-65% of population. Currently, cone beam computed
tomography (CBCT) is the most precise method of assessment of the
mandibular canal structure. The aim of this work was to assess the prevalence of bifid mandibular canal and the position of the principal mandibular
canal in Polish population.
One hundred CBCT examinations of the mandible performed in consecutive patients (47 women, 53 men, aged 14-79) with various indications
were retrospectively assessed. Presence and shape of the bifid mandibular canal (according to Naithon et al., and Nortje et al.) was assessed. The
results were analyzed using the chi-square test, p<0.05.
Bifid mandibular canal was found in 37% of all patients, in 18% on the
right, in 11% on the left, in 8% bilaterally. Accessory canal was more common in females (43%) than in males (32%), the difference was not statistically significant (p=0,82). Most common were retromolar (36%) and forward (36%) accessory mandibular canal. The principal mandibular canal
coursed most in the mid-high of the mandibular body (69,5%), less often in
higher (15,%) or lower (15%) position. Prevalence of bifid mandibular canal
in the examined population is similar to those reported in previous CBCTbased studies. Presence of an accessory canal does not influence the
position of the principal mandibular canal.
102
Magdalena witkowska, uniewska Joanna, Koodziejek Aleksandra

Warsaw Medical University, Poland
Torus mandibularis and torus palatinus are the most common hyperostoses of the jaws, seen in 5-40% of patients. They may be diagnosed clinically or radiologically. The aim of this work was to assess the prevalence
of torus mandibularis in consecutive patients undergoing CBCT in Polish
population.
One hundred thirteen CBCT examinations of the mandible performed in
consecutive patients (58 women, 55 men, aged 14-79) with various indications were retrospectively assessed. The sex of the patients and the number of the teeth in maxilla was analyzed. Statistical significance of the
results was assessed using the chi2 test, p<0.05.
Torus mandibularis was common in the examined population, occurring
most often in the proximity of the canine and premolars, less frequently in
the molar area.
Torus mandibularis was present in 15% of all patients (in 2.7% on the right,
in 7% on the left, in 5,3% on both sides). It was most commonly located in
the proximity of canines (91%), first premolars (61%) and second premolars (35%), rarely in the proximity of molars (4-9%). Torus mandibularis
was more common in males (20%) than in females (10.3%), the difference
was not statistically significant (p=0.81). The average number of teeth in
hemimandibles with torus mandibularis was 6.17, without torus mandibularis 6.05 - the difference was not statistically significant (p=0.99).
103
Indranil Das1,2,3
Neda Haghighat1, Seyed Ahmad Hosseini2, Shahryar Eghtesadi3
University of Eastern Finland, Finland; 2All India Institute of Hygiene and

Public Health, Kolkata. India.; 3Nil Ratan Sircar Medical College, Kolkata.
India
Ahvaz University of Medical Sciences, Iran; 2Ahvaz University of Medical

Sciences, Iran, 3Iran University of Medical Sciences, Iran
Night-shift work causes various adverse health outcomes; like diabetes,

hypertension and malignancies. Type 2 Diabetes (T2DM) is a global epidemic related to various lifestyle factors. Majority of T2DM cases can be
avoided or delayed by lifestyle changes. As per estimates on 2010, 285
million people worldwide are considered to be diabetic, 90% of them are
T2DM. The expected prevalence is 4.4% of total world population by 2030.
With the trend towards 24x7 work schedules, women are increasingly
participating in night shift. Women are at additional risk during pregnancy
due to T2DM. Disrupted circadian rhythm, and Melatonin disturbance, due
to night shift causes various physiological changes leading to increased
risk of T2DM.
The objective of this study was to summarize the studies on incidence of
T2DM among women working night shift. Three databases: PubMed,
CINAHAL, and Google Scholar were searched. Search terms were developed with the help from, Library of University Eastern Finland, Kuopio.
Studies on epidemiology and incidence of T2DM on cohort of women,
conducted on night shift only and published after 2000, were selected. The
studies were assessed on the basis of, their type, duration, study subjects,
outcome and limitations. There are fewer studies in this subject and this is
probably one of first, of its kind.
From the study it was evident that, the incidence and risk of T2DM increases with the increase in the number of years worked in night shift. The
relation however seems to be mediated by body weight.
Neda Haghighat1, Seyed Ahmad Hosseini2, Farzad Shidfar3
Lea Madacki, Marija Zivkovic
Medical Faculty in Novi Sad, Serbia
Ahvaz University of Medical Sciences, Iran, 2Ahvaz University of Medical

Sciences, Iran; 3Iran University of Medical Sciences, Iran
Osteoporosis is a disease in which the density and quality of bone are

reduced. Low body mass index is one of its' known causes. Purpose of the
research is to establish and compare the correlation between BMD and
BMI for patients with osteoporosis, osteopenia as well as the healthy patients.
Examinees: The research includes results from 203 male patients from 18
to 89 years old examined via DXA method at Polyclinic of Clinical Centre
of Vojvodina.
Methodology: These results are separated in three groups based on the T
-score of BMD and they are separately analyzed and tested for the correlation between BMD and BMI.
Results of study indicate that there is a positive linear correlation between
bone mineral density and body mass index.
104
Ankica Bjelic, Rada Jeremic, Marina Djelic

Katrin Kaineder1, Thomas Birngruber2, Barbara Prietl1, Thomas Pieber1
Faculty of medicine , University of Belgrade, Serbia

The aim of this study was to estimate the response of growth hormone
(GH) concentration toacute exercise in subjects with different level of
physical activities. Ten trained national level male volleyball players
(experience 6.90 (2.85) years) and ten non-athletes male subjects participated in this study.
Anthropometric variables, including body mass, high and body fat percentage (BF%), were measured, whilst body mass index (BMI) was calculated.
In order to determine GH responses to acute exercise a treadmill running
test performed following an incremental protocol. The pre-exercise blood
samples (Pre) for both athletes and non-athletes were taken at 9 AM. Post
exercise samples were taken immediately after (Post) and 30 min (Post30)
after the treadmill running test.
No differences were found between baseline values as well as immediately
after and after 30 min of recovery, for measured serum GH concentrations
between volleyball players and controls. In volleyball players, serum GH
concentration was insensibly decreased immediately after the exercise, but
this difference wasnt significance. The concentration of GH was significantly increased after the 30-min of recovery compared to baseline and
immediately after levels. In controls, GH concentration was significantly
increased immediately after the exercise and remained high after 30 min
after exercise which was also significantly different from the corresponding
GH values obtained in rest. In conclusion, the results of the present study
demonstrate that acute exercise causes hyperactivity of the GH response
in untrained subjects but no significant change in well trained volleyball
players.
Medical University of Graz, Austria; 2Joanneum Research HEALTH
Background: Obesity is a main risk factor in the development of type 2

diabetes. GLP-1 analogues are used as treatment of type 2 diabetes. GLP
-1 analogues are known to induce body weight loss via receptors in the
brain. Therefore we examine the pharmacological effects of systemic GLP1 application versus GLP-1 application directly into the brain in terms of
metabolic changes and GLP-1 receptor expression. Therefore, we developed a focal delivery system for drug administration directly into the brain,
specifically into the hypothalamus of rats.
Method: We assessed body weight changes in response to the implanted
probe. Immunohistological stainings were used to ensure that no glial scar
is forming beneath the probe tip, thus hinder the GLP-1R agonist from
reaching the site of interest. Mouse hypothalamic and human PBMCs
were treated with liraglutide to assess the difference in cell proliferation
and gene expression.
Result: We found no changes in body weight in response to probe implantation and only minimal histological tissue reaction in the immediate
vicinity of the probe. In vitro results indicated that liraglutide has a proliferating and immune stimulating effect by inducing activation of the T-cell
proliferating protein CD28.
Conclusion: We were able to successfully establish a focal delivery system in a preclinical pilot study. First PCR results are promising and will
further be used to investigate precise signal transduction pathways triggered by intra-hypothalamic GLP-1. Current experiments include the
analysis of energy homeostatic changes after systemic and intrahypothalamic liraglutide administration for 28 days in male Sprague Dawley rats.
105
Michael Wolf, Martin Tauschmann, Barbara Prietl, Gerlies Treiber

Department for Endocrinology and Metabolism, Medical University Graz,
Austria
Saeed Aslani1, Jafar Karami1, Milad Asadi2

1
Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; 2Tabriz University of

Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
Background: Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are important recognition molecules of innate immune system. Activation of the TLRs can signal downstream pathways and may induce the release of proinflammatory cytokines
resulting in inflammatory condition of spondyloarthritis-related disorders
like ankylosing spondylitis. This study is aimed to evaluate the expression
profile of TLR4 and 5 in patients with AS and compare them to rheumatoid
arthritis (RA) patients.
Methods: PBMCs were isolated from whole blood of 40 AS and 20 RA
patients and also 50 healthy individuals. Total RNA content of leukocytes
were extracted. Then, first-strand cDNA was synthesized from the RNA of
cells. Afterward, Quantitative analysis was carried out through real-time RT
-PCR using the TaqMan Gene Expression Assays.
Results: Data disclosed that expression levels of TLR4 and 5 mRNAs did
not significantly differ between both AS and RA patients in comparison to
healthy subjects. Also, AS patients did not express TLR4 and 5 mRNAs
significantly different than RA patients. HLA-B27-positive and negative AS
patients did not express TLR4 and 5 significantly different than either RA
patients or healthy controls. Clinical parameters did not correlate with
relative expression of both TLR4 and 5, in spite of negative correlation of
BASDI with relative TLR4 mRNA expression.
Conclusion: Our findings suggest that the mRNA expression levels of
TLR4 and 5, which do not conform the status of HLA-B27 antigen in relating to AS progression, may not be regarded as a contributing factor in the
pathogenesis of AS and are unique to neither AS nor RA.
Background: The intestinal mucosa harbors a large number of immune

cells in the gut-associated lymphoid tissue. Regulatory T cells (Tregs)
have an important role in immune tolerance and alterations in the Treg
population, releated with several autoimmune-mediated diseases, including inflammatory bowel diesease, multiple sclerosis and type 1 diabetes.
Data on the distribution of Tregs in the gastrointestinal tract are limited.
Methods: We performed a systematic assessment of the distribution of
Tregs (CD4+, CD25hi+, CD127low, Foxp3+) of the upper (antrum, corpus,
duodenum) and lower (terminal ileum, appendix area, right and left colon)
gastrointestinal tract. In healthy individuals biopsies were taken during a
gastroscopy and colonoscopy. The frequencies of Tregs were determined
by multi-parameter FACS analysis of fresh biopsy samples.
Results: In 16 healthy individuals (age 254 ys; 44% females) the frequency of Tregs was significantly higher (p<0.01) in the appendix area
(median = 4.6%) and in the right colon (4.0%) than in the gastric (antrum:
2.1%, corpus: 2.0%) and duodenal (1.6%) mucosa. The frequency of
Tregs in the appendix area was also higher (p<0.05) than in the terminal
ileum (3.0%).
Conclusion: The distribution of Tregs in the gastrointestinal mucosa may
vary significantly among regions and Tregs are in particular enriched in the
appendix area. Our data provide a reliable baseline for comparison with
diseased gastrointestinal mucosa (including inflammatory bowel diesease,
multiple sclerosis, type 1 diabetes) for further studies.
Zala Vidic, Peter Koroec, Mira ilar, Peter Kopa, Renato Eren,
Mitja Konik
Saeed Hosseinzadeh
Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Iran
University Clinic of Respiratory and Allergic Diseases, Golnik, Slovenia

Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is the most common chronic demyelinating disease of the central nervous system with dysregulated immune
system function. Appropriate MS therapeutic strategies need thorough
understanding of both disease etiology and pathogenesis mechanisms.
TheTLR4 and TLR5 activation can lead to the production of an array of
inflammatory mediators and CNS autoimmunity and neurodegenerative
diseases. The current survey is aimed to evaluate the expression level of
the TLR4 and TLR5 in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from
MS patients.
Methods: PBMCs were isolated from whole blood of 20 relapsing remitting
multiple sclerosis (RRMS) patients and 20 healthy individuals. Total RNA
content of leukocytes was extracted. Then, first-strand cDNA was synthesized from the RNA of cells. Afterward, Quantitative analysis was carried
out through real-time RT-PCR using the TaqMan Gene Expression Assays.
Results: The expression levels of TLR4 and 5 in relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) patients were not observed to be significantly different in comparison to healthy controls.
Conclusions: Indifferent expression level of the TLR4 and 5 may imply
that these molecules do not impress the disease development and pathogenesis regarding to the general population of immune cells and meticulous specific studies would be advantageous.
Introduction. Basophil granulocytes are the cells responsible for hypersensitivity reactions after Hymenoptera sting. Diagnostic tools used to
prove sensitization to Hymenoptera venom are skin prick tests (SPT),
specific IgE (sIgE) concentration and basophil activation test (BAT).
The aim of our study was to determine whether immunological tests could
be used as a prognostic marker for the severity of systemic reactions (SR)
after Hymenoptera re-sting in sensitized persons.
Material and Methods. Our retrospective cross-sectional cohort study
included 61 patients who suffered a SR after Hymenoptera sting between
2004 and 2013. The patients were divided into two groups using Mueller
scale for the severity of SR: group with grade I (24 patients) and group with
grade IV (37 patients) SR. We compared the groups in positive SPT, sIgE
concentration and BAT results. Basophil reactivity and sensitivity were
determined as CD63 expression count at maximal and submaximal venom
concentration using flow cytometry. We used Mann-Whitney test for statistical analysis.
Results. The groups did not differ in age, sex or sIgE concentrations.
Group with grade IV SR had a higher frequency of positive SPT (p <0.05),
higher basophil reactivity (median value 80.1% vs. 48.7%; p <0.01) and
sensitivity rate (median value 49.5% vs. 6.9%; p <0.01) than the group with
grade I SR.
Conclusions. SIgE concentration does not correlate with the severity of
SR - a better association was observed with SPT. Basophil reactivity and
sensitivity showed the best prognostic and clinical value for determining
the severity of SR after Hymenoptera re-sting.
106
Aleksej Drino1, Lara Kular2, Maja Jagodic2

1
University of Belgrade, Serbia; 2Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm
Christine Maria Schwarz, Johannes Fessler, Anja Ficjan, Rusmir

Husic, Martin Stradner, Evelyne Lechner, Angelika Lackner, Winfried
Graninger, Christian Dejaco
Background/Purpose: To investigate the role of pro-inflammatory tumor
necrosis factor alpha (TNF-) and interleukin 15 (IL-15) on the phenotype
and function of regulatory T cells (Tregs).
Methods: Tregs (CD4+CD25+CD127low) from healthy individuals were
isolated, stimulated with beads, IL-2 with or without TNF- or IL-15 for 6 or
14 days. Phenotypic description of Tregs was performed via flow cytometry. The suppressive activity of cultured Tregs was characterized with a
CFSE based assay and the cytokine profile was determined via intracellular staining with the following markers: IL-2, IL-4, IL-10, IL-17, TNF- and
IFN-.
Results: After exposure to TNF- for 14 days CD4+CD28+ Tregs showed
a down regulation of CD28 in vitro and an upregulation of CD25 and
CD127. In general, stimulation with IL-15 showed no effect. Notably, suppressive activity of TNF- treated Tregs was significantly increased compared to untreated Tregs whereas the stimulation with IL-15 had no influence, although the presence of IL-15 caused an increased cytokine production of IL-4, IFN- as well as IL-17.
Conclusion: A T-cell subset that combines senescent as well as regulatory properties can be generated in vitro by TNF- and indicates an altered
phenotype and function compared to Tregs.
Impact on medicine & Significance: This work is focused on the role of
Treg senescence for the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and on
the potential identification of novel biomarkers (e.g. the presence of
CD4+CD28-FoxP3+ Tregs) for RA as well as the development of new
treatment strategies influencing the prevalence and function of senescent
Tregs.
107
Altynay Balmukhanova
Kazakh National Medical University named after S.D. Asfendiyarov, Kazakhstan
Background: There is a hypothesis: low birth weight (LBW) can cause
high blood pressure (BP) - a sign of chronic kidney disease (CKD) due to
low number of glomeruli at the birth. The aim of study was detection of risk
factors for CKD.
Methods: 788 young persons were screened for BP and questioned. The
questionnaire was developed by K/DOQI and adapted by us. Among
screened - 738 persons were with normal BP and birth weight. Other
people were selected for further investigation. The including criteria:
1. BP > 140/90 mm.Hg;
2. Birth weight < 2500 g.
These people were tested for microalbuminuria, serum Creatinine. Furthermore, we marked persons with family history for hypertension, DM and
CKD. Interventions: measurement of BP; analysis for microalbuminuria;
test for serum Creatinine; Cockcroft-Gault estimation of GFR.
Results: The prevalence of high BP is 1.2%, correlating with world data in
this age group. The prevalence of LBW is 5% and persons with high BP
and LBW are 0,1%. Laboratory tests results: in the group of high BP 50%
have high GFR and 50% - low CFR. 100% of them have MAU. LBW group:
66, 6% have low GFR and so many - microalbuminuria. Family history
results: 39%, 10,7% and almost 3% have history of hypertension, DM,
CKD, respectively.
Conclusions: There is no clear link between LBW and CKD in young
population group and follow up monitoring needed. Microalbuminuria 100% in high BP and 66% in LBW-groups. Thus, LBW can be considered
as risk factor for CKD.
Aleksa Iliev Andonov1,3, Ivaylo Bonchev Penev1,3, Shengyun Shukri

Halil1, Anna Vladimirova Zaekova2, Maria Ivanova1,3
1
Medical University - Sofia, Sofia, Bulgaria; 2Klinik fur Gastroenterologie,
Zollernalb Klinikum, Balingen, Germany; 3Laboratory of Clinical Chemistry, AVE PharmProducts Ltd., Sofia, Bulgaria
Introduction: Calculosis is one of the most common urological diseases.
The calculi of CaC2O4.2H2O are the most common 76%. Oxalic acid
forms the most stable precipitation of calcium. Arginine is the most powerful organic base.
Aim: To determine the role of autoimmune diseases, particularly in the
hyperparathyroidism, in the pathogenetic mechanism of the oxalate renal
and prostatic calculosis.
Materials and Methods: 14 prostatic concrements removed operatively,
2. Qualitative determination of the amino acid Arg, 3. IR spectral analysis
of the concrements, 4. Amino-analyzer BIOTRONIC LC-6001, 5. Results of
our previous researches, 6. Our observations of patients, 7. Review of the
literature.
Results: The qualitative analysis found that 5 of the concrements are
calcium oxalate and 9 of them are calcium phosphate. With the aminoanalyzer we proved that Arg is found only in calcium oxalate calculi (as a
solder substance).The calcium oxalate concrements contains also
Gly,Ala,Ser,Lys, but the concentration of Arg is most significant-39,83nmol/
ml.
Conclusion: In the presence of the autoimmune hyperparathyroidismthere is increased serum level of parathyroid hormone, which leads to
mobilizing of calcium from the bones. Oxalic acid is sufficient in small
amounts, to form calcium oxalate, due to the high stability of the precipitate. The presence of Eo is the source of the Arg. Thus the presence of
these substances, even in small amounts, is sufficient for the formation of
oxalate stones, with solder substance Arg (most likely due to the strong
basic character of Arg). Thus the triggering factor is the increasing of
serum calcium, due to the hyperparathyroidism.
Husanboy Valiev, Alisher Shadmanov, Ulugbek Rustamov, Bobirjon

Ergashev, Dilfusa Sadiqova, Mirsamahmud Shadmanov, Obidjon
Hamraev, Rustam Boboev
Andijon State Medical Institute, Uzbekistan
Introduction: Increased incidence of nephrolithiasis significantly increases the cost of its treatment and lost productivity, temporary or permanent disability in this disease remains a serious medical and social problem.
The purpose of this study was to improve the results of treatment of patients with coral nephrolithiasis.
Material and Methods: The present study was based on data in the dynamics of complex examination of 38 patients with coral nephrolithiasis
who were subjected to various treatments (distance shock-wave lithotripsy, percutaneous nephrolithotripsy, combined "sandwich" -therapy,
surgical treatment) in the Department of Urology Clinic ASMI in the 20052013 biennium.
In addition to traditional antibiotic and immunotherapy 38 patients concurrently administered drug systemic enzyme therapy Wobenzym 500 mg 3
times a day for 30 minutes. before meals for 4 weeks, including 2 weeks to SWL and 2 weeks after the procedure.
Many authors have shown that in the process of extracorporeal shock
wave lithotripsy not only destroys the stone, but also has a damaging
effect on renal tissue in the form of its swelling, tears venules and hemorrhage, damage to cell membranes. Proof of this is the activation of lipid
peroxidation in plasma, erythrocyte membranes and urine of patients after
ESWL session and increase the concentration of the enzyme leytsinarilamidazy in the urine.
Conclusion: When using ESWL together shows treatment with Wobenzym, which improves the structure of renal tissue.
Husanboy Valiev, Alisher Shadmanov, Ulugbek Rustamov, Bobirjon

Ergashev, Dilfusa Sadiqova, Mirsamahmud Shadmanov, Rustam
Boboev, Obidjon Hamraev
Andijon State Medical Institute, Uzbekistan
Introduction. The overwhelming majority of clinicians most common kidney disease in old age is a pyelonephritis. According to the frequency of
detection, its clinical and practical significance, it is considered a major
problem in geriatric nephrology.
The purpose of the study - a retrospective analysis of medical records of
patients with chronic pyelonephritis aged 60 years and older.
Material and methods: 105 medical records with a diagnosis of "chronic
pyelonephritis" patients aged 60 years and older receiving treatment at the
Department of Urology clinic ASMI from 2010 to 2013 (men - 40, women 65). Results: As a result of the survey revealed: true bacteriuria (more than
100 thousand of microbial cells in 1 ml of urine) in the vast patients (90
patients). Etiological factor in most patients was Escherichia coli.At the
biochemical study of blood creatinine in the normal range (80-105 mmol / l)
was found in 100 patients, a moderate increase in its (plasma creatinine
110-131 mmol / l) - 34 patients, one patient revealed end-stage renal
failure (serum creatinine 704 umol / l). Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) of
60 to 90 ml / min was detected in 85 patients from 40 to 60 ml / min in 20
patients and one patient - less than 10 ml / min.
Conclusion: The prevalence of so-called "asymptomatic bacteriuria" at
the beginning of the disease with predominant as causative pathogen and
a significant decrease in GFR in conjunction with the detection of changes
in renal ultrasonography.
108
Corinna Schabhttl1,2, Alexander H. Kirsch1, Katharina Artinger1, Ida

Aringer1, Alexander R. Rosenkranz1, Philipp Eller2, Kathrin Eller1
1
Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria; 2Division of Angiology, Department of Internal
Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
Introduction. T helper cells (TH) such as TH1, TH17 and regulatory T
cells (Tregs) as well as B cells, macrophages, dendritic cells and neutrophils infiltrate the kidney during the course of nephrotoxic serum nephritis
(NTS) thereby mediating disease. This project focuses on appearance of
tertiary lymphoid organs (TLO) formation within the kidney during the longterm course of the model. TLO form in chronic diseases and have structural and functional similarities to the lymph node.
Methods. C57BL/6J mice were immunized and three days thereafter, the
rabbit anti-GBM antiserum was injected via the tail vein. Five time points
were evaluated: day 3, week 2, week 4, week 8 and week 20.
Results. Flow cytometry showed an increase of CD4+ and CD8+ cells in
the kidneys on week 20. Staining for FoxP3+ cells, reflecting Tregs, in the
kidney showed an increase on week 4 compared to the other time points.
Interestingly, although lyve-1 positivity, reflecting lymphatic vessels, was
found in the kidneys of healthy and nephritic mice to the same extent, only
kidneys of nephritic mice showed clusters of T and B cells, as well as
dendritic cells around glomeruli, corresponding to tertiary lymphoid organs
(TLOs).
Discussion. According to findings in human renal biopsies of rapid progressive glomerulonephritis, we found TLO formation after 20 weeks of
NTS. The formation of TLO in our NTS model was associated with increased T effector cell, but also Treg infiltration into the kidney, suggesting
involvement of TLOs in deterioration, but also resolution of glomerulonephritis.
109
Niamh Anna Dooley1,2

1
National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland (BA); 2Leiden University,

The Netherlands
The length of the 2nd digit relative to the 4th digit (the 2D:4D ratio) is a
putative marker for exposure to foetal hormones. Finger ratios are a sexually dimorphic trait: males tend to have lower 2D:4D ratios than females.
Recent research into the physiological, psychological and behavioural
correlates of low and high 2D:4D ratios suggest that the measure serve as
a continuous rather than dichotomous measure of sex with extreme
maleness represented by low-2D:4D, extreme femaleness by high2D:4D and a graded continuum in between. Success in the sporting domain, as measured by sporting rank (e.g. community, school, provincial,
international) has been significantly predicted by 2D:4D ratios even after
controlling for demographic variables and current exercise level, however
research in the field has tended to focus on differences among elite athletes and sportspeople. The current research replicates the negative relationship between 2D:4D and rank but broadens the sample to include
lower ranks such as those below the minimal requirements set by national
health initiatives. Results indicate a limit to how well the 2D:4D can distinguish between ranks and show optimum predictive-utility for broad inactive
-active distinctions compared with distinctions within active populations
(e.g. non-elite and elite).
Findings may explain some of the inconsistencies in the research pertaining to the finger ratios of elite and non-elite groups. Possible implications
include the use of the 2D:4D ratio as risk-marker for inactivity however
further research using larger sample sizes and prospective longitudinal
designs are recommended.
Omid Fakheran1, Amin Mahdavi2

1
Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Iran, Islamic Republic of; 2Art

University of Isfahan, Iran
Background: The present study was undertaken to evaluate the level,
sources and quality of information toward implant treatment as an option
for replacement of missing teeth, among a selected sample of dental
patients in Kerman, Iran.
Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted among 305 subjects
who attended the 6 main dental clinics in Kerman City during January &
February 2014. A standardized self-administered close ended questionnaire pretested through a pilot survey was used in the study. The questionnaires were handed to the subjects during their regular dental visits. The
data obtained from questionnaires after scoring procedure and were analyzed using the SPSS(16.0).
Results: The results showed that 76.7% of the subjects had heard about
dental implant as a treatment modality. Regarding dental implants, dentists
were the main source of information (40.7%) followed by the relatives and
friends (17.0%). Lack of precise knowledge about implant therapy was the
major preventing factor to choose this kind of treatment for 35.7% of the
subjects and the high cost of implant procedure (31.5%) were the secondary obstacle. Concerning the subjects viewpoint about the quality of
implant therapy, 73.1% of the subjects indicated excellent or good and
just 14.1% of them mentioned bad or very bad option.
Conclusion: The results of this survey showed that the majority of the
participants were aware about the dental implants as an option for replacing of missing teeth. It also showed the important role of dentists to provide more accurate information to the patients about this treatment option.
Milan Bozinovic, Ana Ivanovic, Sonja Jankovic

Dra-Ildik Suba1, Rbert Gbor Suvanjeiev2,3, Ariel Abecassis1, Ioan
Serban Fanfaret1, Eszter gota Szigeti1, Attila Brassai3, Zita Fazaka4
1
University of Medicine and Pharmacy Targu Mures, Romania; 2First clinic

of Psychiatry Targu Mures; 3Department of Pharmacology, University of
Medicine and Pharmacy Targu Mures;4Department of Biochemistry, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Targu Mures
Introduction: Gouty arthritis is a painful medical condition, which attacks
the joints.This disease affects1-2% of the adult population(according to
WHO).Recent studies discover, that gout is a hidden risk factor of a complex metabolic disease, called Syndrome X.
Aim: Assessing and comparing the effect of pharmaceuticals and bioproducts offered for gout therapy,in pharmacies,organic stores and herb
shops in Targu Mures and to evaluate if this products are recommended
by doctors or pharmacists.
Material&Methods: Our research team had analyzed and compared the
dietary supplement offer for gouty arthritis, of18different individual-&chainpharmacies,organic stores and herb shops in Targu Mures.We compared
the number of active ingredients in each dietary supplement,the length of
treatment, price and mechanism of action.After this we made a prospective
study by surveying patients about their knowledge and opinion about the
dietary supplement products.
Medical faculty Nis, Serbia

Tobacco smoking is the active and passive inhalation of tobacco smoke
that results from incomplete combustion of tobacco. The habit of smoking
dates back to 5000-3000 years b. c. Tobacco in Europe and Asia arrived in
the 16th century and became popular in spite of numerous studies about
its harmful effects. The aim of the study was to show what the smoking
habits of students of the University of Nis.The study included 487 male and
female students from different faculties of the University of Nis. Checking
smoking habits was carried out using an anonymous questionnaire.
Their smoking status, some have already started with 11 years (0.2%)
while the majority started smoking between 14 and 18 years of age. The
most frequent reason why students bush is smoking for pleasure (38.6%).
35.3% of students smoked cigarettes daily. The analysis shows that the
amount of smoking more than 60% of students smokers consume up to
one pack a day, or up to 20 cigarettes. Although the data show that more
students smoke cigarettes, there is an increase of smoking up to 10 cigarettes in a population of female students (6.8%) and smoking up to 20
cigarettes (4.3%). Due to the general trend of increase in smoking among
students should work to promote healthy habits of life and constantly point
to the harmful effects of tobacco smoke and cigarettes.
Results: In the pharmacies, herb shops and organic stores assessed in

Tirgu Mures, we found8dietary supplements offered for the treatment of
gout.The active ingredients were: Harpagophytum rhizome ( 3 cases),
Ortosiphon stamineus ( 2 cases), Febuxostat( 2 cases), Celadrin (1 case)
and Trifolim pretense ( 1 case). The best therapeutic effect, and the fewest
side effects had occurred in the case of a single product with two active
ingredients (Ortosiphon stamineus & Harpagophyti rhizoma).Treatment in
every case is at lasts 2months.The84surveyed patient,had not heard about
these dietary supplements before, neither from their doctors, nor from their
pharmacist.
110
Spas Dimitrov Kerimov, Bilyana Georgieva Georgieva, Ganka Petrova Kossekova
Suppawat Thongbor1, Thanawat Ruengchaisiwawaith1, Nipat Chantradilokrat1, Apirat Angsubhakorn1, Dusit Chanthayanon2
Medical University of Sofia, Bulgaria

1
Introduction: Urea cycle disorders in infants are complex medical emergencies which must be treated to avoid death or serious brain injury. Deficiency of any of the urea cycle enzymes leads to neonatal hyperammonemia soon after birth.
Aim: The purpose is to create an interactive algorithm for differential diagnosis of urea cycle disorders to facilitate understanding and learning of
these conditions by medical students taught Medical Biochemistry.
Methods: The algorithm is created using a Windows application, developed with Microsoft Visual Studio using the programming language C#.
Data is saved in XML-format and exported to JavaScript-HTML files. The
students use the algorithm by Internet Explorer offline or online.
Results: The program focuses on the steps to be done in case of nonspecific symptoms and proven hyperammonemia (>150 micromol/L). Each
step is commented. The student can order measuring of plasma citrulline
and arginine. If arginine is high, arginase deficiency is suspected. Citrulline
levels help discriminate between initial and end urea cycle defects. If citrulline is low, orotate is measured. Increased orotate level confirms ornithine
transcarbamoylase deficiency, normal orotate level confirms carbamoyl
phosphate synthetase I deficiency. If citrulline is high urine argininosuccinate is checked. If there is arginosiccinate, argininosuccinate lyase deficiency is confirmed, if not argininosuccinate synthetase is confirmed.
Conclusion: The algorithm created is a useful tool which facilitates understanding and learning of urea cycle importance in norm and pathology. It
gives students an opportunity to learn from their mistakes in a non-clinical
environment to avoid them in real-life situations.
Fifth year medical cadet, Phramongkutklao College of Medicine, Thailand; 2Department of Family Medicine, Phramongkutklao College of Medicine, Thailand
Background : Obesity is considered as an important health problem
worldwide leading to metabolic syndrome and chronic diseases. Not only
laymen but also monks who hardly reach to health care service are affected from the problem.
Methods : A mixed method model study was conducted including community-based cross-sectional study and qualitative study. The body mass
index was calculated to identify obesity. A standardized questionnaire was
used to assess associated risk factors. Qualitative study was done using in
-depth interviews.
Results : A total of 155 monks were enrolled into the study. The prevalence of obesity was 46.45 %. The age of participants ranges from 20 to
70 years old. The independent risk factors included the amount in grams
of carbohydrate, protein, fat, sugar and fiber. The qualitative information
was provided from 24 in-depth interviews including both obese and nonobese group. It is highlighted that monks still lack of knowledge, understanding about obesity, food consumption, physical activity, misbelieve of
layman and courteousness.
Conclusion : Almost half of the monks are obese which is unacceptably
high. The results underlined that health education, health promotion and
intervention should be implemented to both monks and laymen. Not only
quantity of consumption but also other factors such as physical activity and
emotion are played an important role to prevent and control obesity.
Nagy-Csoma Zsfia, Prof.Dr.Sziklai Istvn

The speech perception and production in hearing-impaired children are
weaker than in the normal hearing children due to the lack of good acoustic feedback. A new teaching computer program had been developed for
improving the speech production. The program shows a transparent talking
head and the video of the training sample at the same time.
Methods: 58 students were enrolled. The half of the children (n=29) received the classic speech therapy (C) as a control, while the other half
(n=29) took part in audiovisual support(AV). After 9 month developing work
we examined the quality of pronunciations of 5 words separately the
speech therapist (ST) (n=8) and students(S) using a 5 points (p) scale. To
compare the the development we created 3 groups: 1.: hearing aid (HA)
<35 dB hearing loss (n=24);2. HA>35 dB hearing loss (n=26); 3. Cochlear
implantation (CI)(n=8).
Among the 1.group (n=24) the S gave 1.37 to the C (n=12) and 1.13 to the
AV (n=12) while the ST noticed 1.60 in the C and 0,63 in the AV. Among
the 2.group (n=26)0.59 improving was assessed in the C(n=14) and 0,99
in the AV(n=12) group by the S meanwhile the ST gave 0,48 in the C and
0,51 in the AV group. The S didnt identify significant difference in the
3.group (n=8) while the ST assessed 0.3 in the C (n=3); 0.67 in AV (n=5)
group.
The AV developing work was supported more successfully by the S. There
was no significant difference compared to the C group according the ST.
The conclusion is that the AV was more effective in the poorer hearing
groups (2; 3.).
Mohammed Khalid Alkhalifah, Abdullah Al-Khuwaytim, Ammar AlSayegh, Mansour Al-Dhfeeri

Al-Imam Mohammed bin Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Saudi Arabia;
Introduction: After a small survey in college of medicine at Al-imam University it turned out that there is higher prevalence of shisha smokers than
cigarette smokers. This study aimed to determine prevalence of current
shisha smokers among 4th and 5th batches of the 1st and 2nd year medical students and to find out if there is a relationship between GPA and
shisha smoking.
Materials and Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study using a
primary questioner paper among sample of the current available students
who are studying Pharmacology and Principle of disease 1 (PODI) blocks
using systematic random sampling.
Results: Out of the 80 electronic questioners 47(58.75%) have been
answered from both batches. Mean GPA was 4.35 0.38 and 3.26 0.74
for 1st and 2nd year respectively. The mean GPA among shisha smokers
was 4.32 0.33 and 3.34 0.73 for 1st and 2nd year respectively. 44.6%
of the students have tried shisha smoking at least one time in their life and
Prevalence of current shisha smoker among them was 25.5%.
Conclusions: The prevalence of shisha smokers was high in our study
25.5% and so many data suggest that it is a growing problem. We could
not establish any relation between last year GPA and shisha smoking and
further researches should be done.
Recommendation: More researches needed to determine if there was a
relation between shisha smoking and GPA with higher sample. We have to
increase the awareness of high prevalence of water pipe smoking among
the students.
111
Andreea Maria Pascutoi1, Istvan Gyorgy-Fazakas2,3, Attila Puskas2

1
University
of
Medicine
and
Pharmacy
of
Targu
Mures,Targu
Mures,Romania; 2Vascular
Medicine
Center
Angio
Center,Targu
3
Mures,Romania; The First Surgical Clinic,The Mures County Clinical Hospital,Targu
Mures,Romania
Background: The modern treatment of varicose veins of the lower extremities involves the association of the minimally invasive techniques
established based on a morphofunctional evaluation performed prior to
surgery. The aim of this study was: the assessment of ligation of the
sapheno-femoral junction as part of minimally invasive treatment algorithm.
Material and method: This prospective study comprises 577 patients with
varicose veins of the lower limbs who underwent ambulatory surgycal
treatment during 23.02.2011 - 30.12.2014 at Vascular Medicine Center :Angio Center,Mures. We applied an association algorithm of minimally
invasive techniques: endovenous laser thermoablation (EVLT EndoVenous
Laser Treatment), junctional ligation of the great saphenous vein and foam
sclerotherapy and followed up the rate of recanalization after the combined
therapy of EVLT with sclerotherapy.
Results: We performed junctional ligation of the great saphenous vein in
combination with foam sclerotherapy in a total of 104 patients; EVLT combined with sclerotherapy in 54 patients and ELVT associated with junctional ligation of the great saphenous vein and sclerotherapy in 419 patients. Three out of the total number of patients undergoing EVLT associated with sclerotherapy presents post-procedural recanalization of the
great saphenous trunk; patients undergoing EVLT associated with junctional ligation and sclerotherapy and those undergoing junctional ligation
associated with sclerotherapy evolued without direct recanalization of the
great saphenous segment.
Conclusion: Although there are risk factors that should be taken into
consideration when performing junctional ligation, this procedure is one of
the treatment options in cases when the risk of recanalization of the great
saphenous segment is high
Katarzyna Samelska, Aleksandra Kicinska, Justyna Izdebska, Anna

K. Kurowska
Medical University of Warsaw, Poland
Background: Keratoplasty is a treatment for corneal diseases such as
bullous keratopathy and Fuchs dystrophy. Penetrating keratoplasty (PK) is
applicable as a treatment of disorders in every layer of cornea. Descemets stripping automated endothelial keratoplasty (DSAEK) is a newer
transplant technique in which only posterior corneal tissue is replaced and
healthy anterior cornea is left intact.
Glaucoma is one of the possible complications of both DSAEK and PK
keratoplasty.
The aim of the study was to determine whether the risk of developing
glaucoma is higher in eyes that underwent DSAEK or PK keratoplasty.
Methods: The investigation is a retrospective study based on records of
patients diagnosed with either Fuchs dystrophy or bullous keratopathy,
who underwent DSAEK or PK keratoplasty. Patients observed for a
shorter time than 12 months, treated for glaucoma before the keratoplasty
and qualified for retransplantation were excluded from the study. The
medication prescribed during the 12-month observation was recorded. The
patients who started to be prescribed anti-glaucoma treatment 3 to 12
months after the keratoplasty are considered to have developed glaucoma
secondary to keratoplasty. The incidence of glaucoma development in
eyes after DSEAK and PK procedure was compared.
Results: There was 1 out of 40 eyes (2,5%) that developed glaucoma
secondary to PK. There were 2 out of 72 eyes (2,78%) that developed
glaucoma secondary to DSEAK.
Conclusion: There was no statistically significant difference in the glaucoma development in both groups.
Petra Vasileva, Silviya Nacheva, Marina Maydozyan, Simeon Georgiev, Petar Jeliazkov, Mariya Malamova, Iren Petrova, Zdravko
Kamenov, Georgi Angov, Julia Petrova
Markus Merkl, Freyja-Maria Smolle-Juettner

Introduction:
Despite modern evidence-based medicine, oesophageal carcinoma is still
a diagnosis with poor prognosis and limited chances for curative treatment.
The aim of this thesis was to examine the prognostic value of preoperative
CRP, albumin, lymphocytes and neutrophile granulocytes in patients with
esophageal carcinoma.
Methods: 163 patients who underwent oesophagectomy in the LKHUniversittsklinikum Graz between September 2003 and December 2011
were in-cluded in the study. All blood tests were carried out a few days
before surgery. The length of survival was calculated from the date of
surgery to the date of death or the date of the last entry in the MEDOCS
hospital database. The statistical analysis was carried out using the Kaplan
-Meier method and the Mantel-Haenszel Test, respectively.
Results: Patients with high CRP-levels (p=0,015) leukocytosis (p=0,001)
or low albumin (p=0,019) had a poorer long-term survival rate compared to
patients with normal levels. Leucopenia (p=0,214) lymphopenia (p=0,778),
and low neutrophil granulocyte count (median: p=0,976; percentile25
p=0,868; percentile75 p=0,984) could not be associated with poor survival.
Discussion: We have very clear results about the correlation between
high CRP leukocytosis and hypoalbuminemia and a poor prognosis in
patients with cancer-related oesophagectomy. The underlying pathophysiological mechanism is not yet fully understood and basic research is
needed to close this gap.

Background: Assessment of carotid intima-media thickness (IMT), anklebrachial index (ABI), and sympathetic skin response (SSR) is used for
early diagnosis of neuropathy in cases of impaired glucose tolerance
(IGT). Autonomic neuropathy is often the first manifestation of IGT/
Diabetes Mellitus neuropathy and proves to be a predictor for early severe
cerebrovascular and cardiovascular disease.
Methods: The study covers 14 patients (average age of 58.7) with impaired glucose tolerance and healthy control group consisting of 13 people
(average age of 37.5). In both groups IMT of the corrotis communis artery
was quantified with High resolution B-mode ultrasound with a 7.5 MHz
transducer, likewise ankle-brachial index and SSR were evaluated.
Results: CCA IMT was increased in 64.2% of IGT patients. SSR showed
decreased amplitude and prolonged latency in 71.44% of them. The ABI is
measured normal in all of the cohort patients.
Conclusion: These preliminary results show more significant changes in
the SSR and IMT, compared with the ankle-brachial index, which is normal. Most probably these changes in SSR and IMT precede the manifestation of autonomic neuropathy in the IGT cases.
112
Christian Josef Smolle1, Paul Wurzer3, Daryousch Parvizi1, David

Benjamin Lumenta1, Michael Giretzlehner2, Ludwik Branski3, David
N. Herndon3, Alexandru Tuca1, Lars Peter Kamolz1
1
Division of Plastic, Aesthetic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of
Surgery, Medical University of Graz, Austria; 2Research Unit Medical
Informatics, RISC Software GmbH, Johannes Kepler Univerity Linz,
Hagenberg, Austria; 3Burns and traum research, acute burn surgery, and
reconstructive burn surgery, Shriners Hospitals for Children and The
University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas
Background: During the last few years applications (apps) for smartphones were becoming ever more popular. Most are designed to provide
entertainment or functions for every-day use, however apps with medical
context are available as well. The aim of this survey was to provide an
overview of currently available apps applicable in burn wound management.
Methods: From February 25th to March 1st, 2014, the online-applicationstores of the two largest companies in the business1,2 were searched
systematically for the terms burn, burns, thermal and the German
word Verbrennung. Apps designed for medical use in burns were examined more closely, including a standardized patient model (male, 25 years
old, 175cm and 75 kg).
Results: In total 66 burn-related apps could be found. In both online-stores
4 types of apps could be identified: calculation apps, information apps,
books/journals and games. Of 32 calculation apps, the majority (20/32)
provided both the possibility to calculate burned total body surface area
and total fluid requirement. 26 information apps and 3 books on burn management were found. Few of the reviewed apps (4/66) were available in
both cyber-stores.
Conclusion: We could demonstrate clearly that many medical apps are
available for burn management. Apps with as well as without charge provide the opportunity to perform an objective primary assessment of a burns
patient concerning burned body surface and total fluid requirement. Especially apps free of charge should be investigated more closely in the future,
because they are more commonly used than apps with charge.
Radoslav Todorov, Petra Vasileva, Simeon Georgiev, Marina Maydozian, Lukas Migal, Mariya Malamova, Atanas Ionkov, Ivanka Taneva, Valentin Popov, Evgeni Jivkov, Vasil Solunkin, Violeta Dimitrova
Background: The postoperative pancreatitis is a serious complication of
the postoperative period which hazards the optimal operative outcome,
and likewise the patients life. The pathway of development of postoperative pancreatitis is quite proximate to this of an acute one, but it has specifics in its etiology and evolution. The most possible reason for postoperative increase of activated pancreatic enzymes in cases of partial or full
hepatectomies, atypical resections, and metastasectomies is the intrahepatal holangiolitiasis. Concrements and sludge migrate descendent and
obstruct papilla Vateri, causing postoperative pancreatitis. Additionally,
depending on the operative technique, the blood inflow into the intrahepatal biliar system causes iatrogenic haemobily, resulting in biliar reflux
due to coagula obstruction of papilla Vateri. Therefore, we aimed a close
follow up of the levels of alpha-amylase postoperatively.
Methods: In the period from March 2013 to September 2014 a total number of 87 patients underwent a hepatic resection metastasectomy in 63
and partial resections in 24 cases.
Results: A postoperative analysis revealed that the choice of the operative technique results in traumatizing the intrahepatal biliar system and
leads to postoperative bile reflux, and consequently to postoperative pancreatits.
Conclusion: The operative method is not the single progenitor of the
postoperative pancreatitis. Various co-factors like pancreatic blood supply
and pancreatic-ductal system variations also enhance the process.
113

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