Вы находитесь на странице: 1из 14

Presentation for ADB social protection conference (draft)

Social Protection in Nepal; Introducing a Child Grant

Beth Verhey
Chief, Social Policy and Decentralization
UNICEF Country Office, Nepal

Disclaimer: The views expressed in this paper/presentation are the views of the author and do not necessarily reflect the views or
policies of the Asian Development Bank (ADB), or its Board of Governors, or the governments they represent. ADB does not
guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this paper and accepts no responsibility for any consequence of their use.
Terminology used may not necessarily be consistent with ADB official terms.
The case for Nepal to adopt a universal cash
transfer for children
Rights-Based
€Obligation of the State; UNHRD and CRC, Interim Constitution of
Nepal
The urgency for children
€Damage to physical, emotional, cognitive, psychological
development in children under 5 is irreversible; the urgency of
nutrition in Nepal
Social cohesion, peace-building and social justice
€ All children: commonality among families; building social cohesion
Child poverty in Nepal
€Pervasiveness of poverty in Nepal; disproportionate share of
poverty on children;
€Role of social protection in general to promote inclusive economic
growth and create multiplier effects in local economies
Building on what exists
€ Prioritizing local implementation capacity building; need to
streamline/simplify/consolidate; key actors beyond VDC and
multiplier role of birth registration
Child deprivation by income quintile…wide-spread poverty

Prevalence of severe child deprivation among In Nepal, 69% of


children under 18
120 children <18 experience
severe deprivation
Consumption poverty:
100
children 36 % versus
national 31%; plus
80 national improved from
Poorest
42% (1995/96 to 2003/04)
Second
or 11 points while child
60 Third
poverty improved only
Fourth
8.5 points, from 44.5%
Richest
40 to 36%
Add deprivation
20
analysis: 69% of
children are deprived of
at least 1 basic need
0

at least one severe deprivation at least two severe deprivations


Children Living Below National Poverty Line (%)

Nepal 35.9
Residence

Rural 38.9
Urban 13.6
Caste/Ethnicity
Muslim 43.8
Newar 20.4
Terai/Madhesi caste 31
Janjati 45.3
Dalit 51.1
Brahmin/Chhetri 21.8
HH Head Education
Secondary 12.7
Primary 35.1
None 44.9

Household Size
7+ member 45.7
5-6 members 33.1
3-4 members 19
<3 members 15.2

0 10 20 30 40 50 60
Chronic malnutrition is highest in the Far Western
Mountains and the Mid Western Hills

Stunting among
preschool
children

≥60 %
50 - 59%

40 - 49 %

30 - 39 %

Source: NDHS 2006


UNICEF - WFP 2008 survey and FGs on use of cash transfer
Introduction of Child Grant In Nepal

Rs. 200 per month per child under the age


of 5 of the each poor Dalit family and all
families in Karnali Zone
Child grant : Implementation Challenges

• Possibility of exclusion
• Registration process and lack of updated data
• Child grant a new scheme and parents are not aware
• Insufficient capacity at the VDC/local level
• Lack management information system
• Timely delivery
• Monitoring and periodical reporting
UNICEF’s Complementary Programme to Support
Child Grant Implementation

• Awareness, communication campaign on child grant,


birth registration and Nutrition

• Capacity development of district and village


development committees, community health workers
and mothers groups.

• Birth registration campaign and strengthen


registration system

• Support, system building, monitoring and reporting.


Improving cash transfer in Nepal links to national
initiative to develop social protection framework

Formation of National Steering


Committee on Social Protection (NSC-
SP) in Nov. 2009
Established under member-secretary of the National
Planning Commission and represented by joint secretaries
from Ministry of Finance, Ministry of Education, Ministry
of Agriculture, Ministry of Labour and Transport
Management , Ministry of Health, Ministry of Local
Development and Ministry of Women Children and Social
Welfare.
The objectives of the National Steering
Committee on Social Protection

• To review existing social protection interventions and


their delivery systems
• To identify and appraise various options of social
protection along with financing and delivery mechanisms;
• To develop a comprehensive, consensual and
consolidated framework through consultation with
stakeholders within and outside government as well as
with development partners.
The objectives of the National Steering
Committee …
• Define social protection in Nepali context
along with the elements of a consolidated
national social protection strategy;

• Spell out and appraise diverse short-term


as well as long-term high impact measures;

• Articulate a comprehensive, implementable


and efficient framework with a judicious mix
of various measures ensuring synergies;
Social protection as a public service and as a cross-
cutting mechanism of essential services.
Global SP Floor and Nepal

Вам также может понравиться