DESIGN IV : MARINE MACHINERY & ELECTRICAL SYSTEM

DEPARTMENT OF MARINE ENGINEERING

FTK-ITS

TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION OF
LUBRICATING OIL SYSTEM

Doc No: 10 - 42 10 069 - LO

Rev.

Date

Annotation

Done by
Name
Stefanus A

Signed

CHINERY & ELECTRICAL SYSTEM

NE ENGINEERING

CIFICATION OF
OIL SYSTEM

Approved by
Name
Ir. Indrajaya Gerianto, M.Sc.

Signed

TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION OF ENGINE

LUBRICATING SYSTEMS

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1. INTRODUCTION
1.1 Description
a. Lubricating Oil System
Lubricating oil system is one of main engine system. Lubricating oil system used to lubricate
cooled the motion part in engine. Lubricating oil for a marine diesel engine achieves two obje
must cool and lubricate.
The oil is taken from the drain tank usually underneath the engine by a screw type pump. It is
filtered and supplied to the engine via the oil inlet pipe or inlet rail at a pressure of about 4 ba
medium speed 4 stroke engine the oil is supplied to the main bearings through drillings in the
frame to the crankshaft main bearings. Drillings in the crankshaft then take the oil to the cran
bottom end bearings. The oil is then led up the connecting rod to the piston or gudgeon pin a
there to the piston cooling before returning to the crankcase. Oil is also supplied to lubricate
gear operating the inlet and exhaust valves, and to the camshaft and camshaft drive. The oil
drains from the crankcase into the drain tank or sump. The oil in the drain tank is being const
circulated through a centrifugal purifier. This is to remove any water and products of combust
any foreign particles which may be in the oil.

The cylinder liner must be lubricated as well. This is so there will be a film of oil between the
rings and the liner and also so that any acid produced by combustion of the fuel is neutralised
oil and does not cause corrosion. Some of this lubrication will be supplied by so called "splash
lubrication" which is the oil splashed up into the liner by the rotating crankshaft. However lar
medium speed marine diesel engines also use separate pumps to supply oil under pressure t
cylinder liner. The oil is led through drillings onto the liner surface where grooves distribute it
circumferentially around the liner, and the piston rings spread it up and down the surface of t
A pre lub pump is sometimes fitted especially to engines where the main pump is engine driv
pump is electrically driven and circulates oil around the engine prior to starting.

The lubrication system of an engine provides a supply of lubricating oil to the various moving
the engine. Its main function is to enable the formation of a film of oil between the moving pa
which reduces friction and wear. The lubricating oil is also used as a cleaner and in some eng
coolant.
1.2 Objective
This document purpose is to determine the technical specification of engine lubricating system.
2. REFERENCES
a. ABS RULES AND REGULATION
b. Wartsila 6L32 - Engine Project Guide 2012
3. ABBREVIATION
SLOC
=
c
=
Q
=
A
=
v
=
vs
=
d
=
t
=
Q
=
Rn
=
n
=
hs
=

Specific lubricating oil consumption [gr/BHP]

constant addition of fuel (1.3)
Capacity
Area of Pipe that will be convert to diameter formula
flow velocity
Velocity of fluid
Inside diameter
Wall thickness and time
Qapacity
Reynold number
viscocity
head static

hp
hv

= head pressure
= head velocity
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION OF ENGINE
LUBRICATING SYSTEMS

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4. DESIGN PARAMETER
1. Tanks
1.1. System Oil Tank
The system oil tank is usually located beneath the engine foundation. The tank may not protr
under the reduction gear or generator , and it must also be symmetrical in transverse directio
the engine. The location must further be such that the lubricating oil is not cooled down below
operating temperature. Suction height is especially important with engine driven lubricating o

1.2. Sludge tanks

The sludge tank should be located directly beneath the separators, or as close as possible be
separators, unless it is integrated in the separator unit. The sludge pipe must be continuously
1.3. Sump tanks
Sump tank planned as the recommendation of engine maker has a volume of 0.91 m3
2.

Lubricating Oil Main Pump

To meet the debit on its recommendation by the engine maker, so the selected pump is type screw
pump. Main engine that used in this design using engine driven main LO pump, with capacity that
already determined by project guide Wartsilla 6L32.

3.

Separator
The separators should preferably be of a type with controlled discharge of the bowl to minimize th
lubricating oil losses. The service throughput Q [l/h] of the separator can be estimated with the
formula :

Where :
Q
=
P
=
n
=
t
=

Volume of Flow
Engine Output
Number of through-flows tank volume per day : 5 for HFO, 4 for MDO.
Operating time :24 for continuous separator operation , 23 for normal operation

4. Valve and Fitting

a. Valve
1. Butterfly Valve

A butterfly valve is a valve which can be used for isolating or regulating flow. The closing m
takes the form of a disk, which allows for quick shut off. Butterfly valve are generally favore
they are lower in cost to other valve designs as well as being lighter in weight, meaning less
required. Used for stop valve only, for low working pressure. In this system, butterfly valv
order before the pump, and as a connecting to another equipment to make a standby functi
is the example of butterfly valve, shown in Figure 5.3 Butterfly Valve.

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LUBRICATING SYSTEMS

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Figure 5.1 Butterfly Valve

2. Non Return Valve

Has same function with globe valve, working in very high pressure and just has one
direction. Usually this valve is used in order after the pump and another lines that the fluids
not back through the same line or just one-way direction.
3. Three Way Valve and Angle Valve
As a connect of pipe with simple used.
b. Fitting
1. Filter

Hyraulic filters are very useful for removing solid contamination from lube and fuel oil syste
marine machinery. Withous filters in the lube or fuel oil system, the machinery internal p
bearing, piston, rings, liners etc. can get damaged, which will result in inefficient working o
machinery. In this system will be used Centrifugal Filter. These filters work on the princip
centrifugal force removing high density fluids and impurity from the oil. It is normally use
lube oil systems. Most of the auxiliary engines have attaced centrifugal filters. The example
be shown in Figure 5.4 Centrifugal Filter below.

Figure 5.4 Centrifugal Filter

5.12 Class Requirement

Lloyd Register 2012, Part 5, Chapter 14, Section 4, Page 5
a. General Requirements
Lubricating oil system are to be so constructed to ensure reliable lubrication over the whole
speed and during run-down of the engines and to ensure adequate heat transfer.

b. Priming Pumps

Where necessary, priming pumps are to be provided for supplying lubricating oil to the engin
c. Emergency Lubrication
A suitable emergency lubricating oil supply (e.g. gravity tank) is to be arranged for machin
may be damaged in case of interuption of lubricating oil supply.
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LUBRICATING SYSTEMS
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d. Lubricating Oil Treatment

Equipment necessary for adequate treatment of lubricating oil is to be provided (purifiers,

back-flushing filters, filters, free-jet centrifuges). In the case of auxiliary engines running on h
which are supplied from a common lubricating oil tank, suitable equipment is to be fitted
that in case of failure of the common lubricating oil treatment system or ingress of fuel
water into the lubricating oil circuit, the auxiliary engines required to safeguard the power su
e. Lubricating Oil Circulating Tanks and Gravity Tanks

Where an engine lubricating oil circulation tank extend to the double bottom shell plating on
which a double bottom is required in the engine room, shutt-off valves are to be fitted in
pipes between engine casing and circulating tank. These valves are to be capable of being cl
a level above the lower platform. The suction connections of lubricating oil pumps are to be
far as possible from drain pipes. Gravity tanks are to be fitted with an overflow pipe which le
circulating tank. Arrangements are to be made for observing the flow of excess oil in the
pipe.
f. Filling and Suction Lines

Filling and suction lines of lubricating oil tanks with a capacity of 500 liter and more located
double bottom and from which in case of their damage lubricating oil may leak, are to
directly on the tanks with shut-off devices. The remote operation of shut-off valve may be
with:
- for valves which are kept closed during normal operation.

- where an unintended operation of a quick closing valve would endager the safe operat
main propulsion plant or essential auxilliary machinery.
g. Filters

Lubricating oil filter are to be fitted in the delivery line of the lubricating oil pumps. Mesh size
capacity are to be in accordance with the requirements of the manufacturer of th
Uninterrupted supply of filtered lubricating oil has to be ensured under cleaning conditions o
equipment. In case of automatic back-flushing filters it is to be ensured that a failure of the
back-flushing will not lead to a total loss of filtration. Engine for the exclusive operation of e
generators and emergency fire pumps may be fitted with simplex filters. For protecti
lubricating oil pumps simplex filters may be installed on the suction side of the pump if th
minimum mesh size of 100 .

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em used to lubricate and

ne achieves two objectives; it

screw type pump. It is cooled,

pressure of about 4 bar. On a
hrough drillings in the engine
ake the oil to the crankpin or
ton or gudgeon pin and from
supplied to lubricate the rocker
mshaft drive. The oil then
in tank is being constantly
products of combustion plus

m of oil between the piston

the fuel is neutralised by the
d by so called "splash
nkshaft. However larger
y oil under pressure to the
grooves distribute it
down the surface of the liner.
n pump is engine driven. This
tarting.

o the various moving parts in

tween the moving parts,
ner and in some engines as a

ubricating system.

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he tank may not protrude

in transverse direction under
ot cooled down below normal
e driven lubricating oil pump.

close as possible below the

must be continuously falling.

me of 0.91 m3

d pump is type screw

p, with capacity that

bowl to minimize the

stimated with the

mal operation

g flow. The closing mechanism

are generally favored because
weight, meaning less support is
ystem, butterfly valve used in
make a standby function. Below

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e and just has one-way

lines that the fluids shall

ube and fuel oil system of

machinery internal parts,
inefficient working of the
work on the principal of
il. It is normally used for
l filters. The example will

cation over the whole range of

transfer.

ating oil to the engines.

arranged for machinery which

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provided (purifiers, automatic

engines running on heavy fuel
ment is to be fitted to ensure
m or ingress of fuel or cooling
feguard the power supply.

ottom shell plating on ships for

s are to be fitted in the drain
e capable of being closed from
oil pumps are to be located as
verflow pipe which leads to the
of excess oil in the overflow

er and more located above the

oil may leak, are to be fitted
ut-off valve may be dispensed

dager the safe operation of the

oil pumps. Mesh size and filter

manufacturer of the engine.
cleaning conditions of the filter
that a failure of the automatic
lusive operation of emergency
filters. For protection of the
de of the pump if they have a

SPECIFICATION OF LUBRICATING OIL SYSTEM

1.

LIST OF CODE/ REFERENCES USED

- ABS Rules and Regulation
- Wartsilla 8L32 - Project Guide
- Roy L Harrington, Marine Engineering

2.

CALCULATION ALGORITHM
- Calculation of LO Storage Tank volume
- Calculation of Main Lubricating Oil Pump capacity
- Calculation of Cylinder Oil Storage Tank volume
- Calculation of Lubricating Oil Separator capacity
- Selection of Lubricating Oil Pump Stand-by
- Calculation of Lubricating Separator pump
- Calculation of Heating on Separating System

3.

INPUT DESIGN PARAMETER

- Calculation of LO Storage Tank volume
n
= Total cylinder
SLOC
= Specify Lubricating Oil Consumption
S
= Radius
Vs
= Service Velocity
- Calculation of Main Lubricating Oil Pump capacity
Q
= Pump capacity
v
= LO flow velocity
- Calculation of Cylinder Oil Storage Tank volume
P
= BHP of Engine
SLOC
= Specify Lubricating Oil Consumption
S
= Radius
Vs
= Service Velocity
- Calculation of Lubricating Oil Separator capacity
P
= Engine Output
n
= Number of through-flows tank volume per day : 5 for HFO, 4 for MDO.
t
= Operating time :24 for continuous separator operation , 23 for normal operatio
- Selection of Lubricating Oil Pump Stand-by
- Calculation of Lubricating Separator pump
Q
= Pump capacity
v
= LO flow velocity
- Calculation of installation in Engine room
hs
= Head static
hp
= Head pressure
hv
= Head of velocity
- Calculation head on suction line
Major losses
= Head because length of suction line
Minor losses
= Head because accessories on suction line
- Calculation head on discharge line
Major losses:
= Head because length of discharge line
Minor losses :
= Head because accessories on discharge line
- Calculation of Heating on Separating System
Q
= Capacity of the lubricating separator pump (l / h)
T
= Temperature rise in heater [ C]

SPECIFICATION OF LUBRICATING OIL SYSTEM

4.

5.

OUTPUT DESIGN PARAMETER

- LO Storage Tank volume
- Main Lubricating Oil Pump capacity
- Cylinder Oil Storage Tank volume
- Lubricating Oil Pump Stand-by Specification
- Lubricating Oil Separator capacity
- Lubricating Separator pump head and capacity
- Heating Power on Separating System
CALCULATION DETAILS
BHP mcr
:
:
Cylinders
:
Vs

Endurance

:
:
:
:

SFOC
SLOC

4000
5364
8

185
0.5

kW
HP
Cyl
14.3 Knot
7.36 m / s
12 days
288 hours
gr/kWh
gr/kWh

13.0
6.687
8
192

Depend on engine Project Guide Wartsilla 8L32

a. Calculation of LO Sump Tank volume
WLO = BHP x LOC x ENDURANCE x 1.2 x10-6
= 4000 x 0.5 x (12 x 24) x 1,2 x 10-6
=
0.4608 ton
VLO = WLO/
= 0,234 / 0.9
=
0.503 m

LO =

0.917

b. Calculation of Main Lubricating Oil Pump capacity (Engine Driven)

The engine was used in the design this time using engine driven main lubricating oil pump, with a c
determined by the Wartsilla 8L32.
Q=
105 m3/h
=
0.0291667 m3/s
v=
2 m/s

SPECIFICATION OF LUBRICATING OIL SYSTEM

Calculation of pipe diameter

Q
=A x v
= (x D2/a) x v
D
= (4 x Q/ x v)
= 0.136
m
= 136.29928 mm
Its choosen carbon steel, standard ANSI
Inside diameter
=
154.08
Thickness =
7.11
Outside diameter =
168.3
Nominal pipe size =
150 mm

Main Pump
Merk
Type
RPM
Capacity
Head
Power

:
:
:
:
:
:

B36
mm
mm
mm

c. Calculation of Lubricating Oil Pump Stand-by capacity (Engine Driven)

The engine was used in the design this time using engine driven main lubricating oil pump, with a c
determined by the Wartsilla 8L32.
Q=
95
m3/h
=
0.0263889 m3/s
2
m/s
v=
Calculation of pipe diameter
Q
=A x v
= (x D2/a) x v
D
= (4 x Q/ x v)
= 0.130
m
= 129.64648 mm
Its choosen carbon steel, standard ANSI B36
Inside diameter
=
129.75
mm
Thickness =
6.6
mm
Outside diameter =
141.3
mm
Nominal pipe size =
125 mm
Schedule =
40
stand-by pump
Merk
:
IRON PUMP
Type
:
ON-V 100/10
RPM
:
850 rpm
Capacity
:
115 m3/h
Head
:
20 m
Power
:
20.5 HP
15.293 kW
d. Calculation of Lubricating Oil Separator capacity

Where :

Q
P
n
t

=
=
=
=

Volume of Flow
Engine Output
Number of through-flows tank volume per day : 5 for HFO, 4 for MDO.
Operating time :24 for continuous separator operation , 23 for normal o

SPECIFICATION OF LUBRICATING OIL SYSTEM

So,
Q
v

=
=
=

(1.35 x 3480 x 5) / 24
1125.00 l/h
2.00 m/s

1.125

LO Separator with specification :

Brand
=
Alva Laval
Type
=
SU 200
Q max
=
1500
l/h
Supply Volt
=
440
V
e. Calculation of Lubricating Separator pump
Q
=
Axv
=
(x D2/4) x v
D
=
(4 x Q/ x v)
=
0.0188
m
=
18.81
mm
Its choosen carbon steel, standard ANSIS B36-10
Inside diameter
=
20.9
mm
Thickness
=
2.9
mm
Outside diameter =
26.7
mm
Nominal pipe size =
20 mm
Schedule
=
40
Calculation of installation in engine room
Head statis pump (ha)
=
0.9
m
Head by pressure( hp)
=
1-4
bar
=
3
bar
=
3
m
Head by velocity (hv), velocity between suction side and discharge side:
hv
=
(22-22) x 1/2g
=
0
m
Calculation of head losses at the suction pipe
Head due to friction in the suction pipe
Reynold number (Rn) :
Viscosity
=
105.25 cst
=
0.00010525 m2/s
Calculation diameter from pump :
ds
=
154.08
mm
Rn
=
(Vs x ds) / n
=
(2 x (0.0154))/0.00011
=
245.45455
then the flow is : laminer use the formula Re/64
so that it can be seen friction losses (l) =
Mayor losses (hf)
=
Pipe length (L) suction side i =
Mayor losses (hf)
=
=

0.0232450675

f x L x v2 / ( D x 2g)
3.2
m
0.02369 x 3,2 x 2 / (0.0135 x 2 x 9.8)
0.099
m

m3/h

Minor losses (head because of the accessories that exist on the pipe)
No
type
N
k
o
1
Elbow 90
2
0.57
2
Filter
1
1.5
3
Butterfly Valve
1
0.86
Total

nxk
1.14
1.5
0.86
3.5

SPECIFICATION OF LUBRICATING OIL SYSTEM

Minor Losses (hl) =

=
=

k total x v2 / (2g)
3,5 x 22 / (2 x 9.8)
0.7142857 m

Calculation of head at the discharge pipe

Head due to friction in the discharge pipe
Reynold number (Rn) :
Viscosity
=
105.25 cst
=
0.0001053 m2/s
Rn
(Vs x ds) / n
=
(2 x (0.0154))/0.00011
=
=
245.45455
then the flow is laminer use the formula Re/64
so that it can be seen friction losses (l)
= 0.0213921958
Mayor losses (hf)
=
f x L x v2 / ( D x 2g)
Pipe length (L) discharge side
=
3.2
m
Mayor losses (hf) =
=

0.0214 x 3,2 x 22 / (0.0135 x 2 x 9.8)

1.0348454 m

Minor losses (head because of the accessories that exist on the pipe)
No
Type
N
k
o
1
Elbow 90
1
0.57
2
Gate valve
2
0.86
3
NRV
0
1.5
4
Safety Valve
0
2.5
5
Conjunction T
0
1.14
Total
Minor Losses (hl) =
k total x v2 / (2g)
=
2,29 x 22 / (2 x 9.8)
=
0.2918367 m
Calculation of total head
Total head losses (Hl)

=
=
=

nxk
0.57
1.72
0
0
0
2.29

hs + hv + hp + hf1 + hl1 + hf2 + hl2

0,9 + 3 + 0 + 0,114 + 0.714 + 1,03485 + 0,292
6.04
m

so, we can choose pump with specification :

Merk
:
IRON PUMP
Type
:
ON :1
RPM
:
850 rpm
Capacity
:
1.5 m3/h
Head
:
20 m
Power
:
0.400 HP
f. Calculation of Heating on Separating System
Fuel temperature difference (T)
=
=
P=
Q x T
1700

Initial temperature of 750C and increa

0
10
C

Which :
P
Q
T

=
=
=

Heater capacity (kW)

Capacity of the lubricating separator pump (l / h)
Temperature rise in heater [ C]

SPECIFICATION OF LUBRICATING OIL SYSTEM

=
=
=

(Q x T)/1700
(2700 x 10) / 1700
8.824 kW

so, we can choose heater with specification :

:
Merk heater
AALBORG
:
Type
Electric VestaEH-20
:
Capacity
12
kW

g. Calculation of Pre-Lubricating Oil Pump (electric motor Driven)

The pre-lubricating oil pump is an electric motor driven gear pump equipped with a safety valve. Th
should always be running, when the engine is stopped. Concerning flow rate and pressure of the pre
oil pump, see Technical data.
Q=
=
v=

21.6
0.006
2

m3/h (50 Hz)

m3/s
m/s

Calculation of pipe diameter

Q
=A x v
= (x D2/a) x v
D
= (4 x Q/ x v)
= 0.062
m
= 61.819544 mm
Its choosen carbon steel, standard ANSI B36
Inside diameter
=
63.9
mm
Thickness =
5.2
mm
Outside diameter =
73
mm
Nominal pipe size =
2.5
inch
pre-lubricating oil pump
Merk
:
Type
:
RPM
:
Capacity
:
Head
:
Power
:

IRON PUMP
ON:V-9
850 rpm
23 m3/h
20 m
3.5 HP
2.611 kW

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ton/m3

oil pump, with a capacity of which has been

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IRON PUMP
ON-V 100/10
850 rpm
115 m3/h
20 m
20.5 HP
15.293 kW

oil pump, with a capacity of which has been

HFO, 4 for MDO.

n , 23 for normal operation

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of 750C and increased to 850C

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a safety valve. The pump

pressure of the pre-lubricating