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pH = 1.5
[OH-] =3.3 x 10-13
8. Calculate [H+] and pH for each of the following solutions, and list the color that would be
imparted to the solution by one drop of (i) bromocresol green, (ii) phenolphthalein. (a) 0.05
M HCl
(b) 1.2 x 10-4 M HCl
(c) 250 ppm HCl
(Refer to the data in yourChem 14B textbook for the color ranges for indicators.)
Answer:
(a) [H+] = 0.05 M pH = 1.3 (i) yellow (ii) colorless
(b) [H+] = 1.2 x 10-4 pH = 3.9 (i) green (ii) colorless
(c) [H+] = 6.8 x 10-3 pH = 2.2 (i) yellow (ii) colorless
9. Calculate [H+] and pH for each of the following solutions, and list the color that would be
imparted to the solution by one drop of (i) methyl red, (ii) phenolphthalein.
(a) 0.05 M NaOH
(b) 1.3 M NaOH
(c) freshly boiled water
Answer: (a) pOH = 1.3, pH = 12.7, [H+] = 2 x 10-13, (i) yellow, (ii) pink
(a) pOH = 0.1, pH = 14.1, [H+] = 7.7 x 10- 15, (i) yellow, (ii) pink
(a) pOH = 7, pH = 7, [H+] = 1 x 10- 7, (i) yellow, (ii) colorless
10. What indicators would you select to produce a color change over each of the following
ranges of [H+]?
(a) from 1 x 10-3 to 5 x 10-6
(b) from 7 x 10-5 to 6 x 10-7
Answer: (a) bromocresol green (b) methyl red
11. In the titration of 0.100 M HCl with 0.1 M NaOH, an indicator with a color change
beginning at pH 4 is satisfactory for a titration with an accuracy of 0.2%. If a 0.00100 M
HCl solution were titrated with 0.00100 M NaOH, would the same indicator give a
satisfactory result? Explain.
Answer: The critical differences in terms of titrations occur near the equivalence
point. The table below gives the pH near the equivalence point for the titration of
50.00 mL of HCl with NaOH when the reagents are at increasingly dilute
concentrations.
Titrant vol.
0.1 M reagents
pH
0.01 M reagents
pH
0.001 M reagents
pH
49.00 mL
49.90 mL
50.00 mL
50.10 mL
3
4
7
10
4
5
7
9
5
6
7
8
From the table you can see that an indicator that changes color at pH 4 will give an
end point 0.09 mL (or less than 1 drop) before the equivalence point for 0.1 M
reagents, 1 mL (20 drops) before the equivalence point for 0.01 mL reagents, and
more than 2 mL before the equivalence point for 0.001 reagents.