Question.1. Explain how material flow information helps in work center decision.

Consider the
example of a shopping center to illustrate your answer.

Answer: The decision which involves during uses of material flow information has below-

A work center is a production facility comprising of one or more machines and one or more
workmen considered as a single unit for purposes of estimation of capacity. This unit may have a
single operation or a number of them conducted on the input items. In the pipeline of
production, each work center’s contribution is vital as materials are scheduled, routed and loads
to be sent to it.

In most organization, they are even considered as cash centers. Location trust means relative
position of different centers so as to minimize the movement of materials, meet technological
sequences, to reduce congestion, maximize throughput, improve part tracking ability and avoid
repetitive movements. In addition another consideration is to provide for expansion of
production.

Each work center receives information along with material that enter it the material also leaves
the word center with information. The route sheet contains information about the material,
process, quantities, and inspection procedures. Etc. the drawings or instructions tell the
condition of the malarial of entry and the required condition at exit.

In this sense every operation consists of material transformation occurring on the basis of
information. Activities conducted are on the basis of information that flows with material.
Different locations have to accommodate the constraints of the basis of darning maximums
benefit of the information that is available. Basically, each location is determined on the basis of
from and to: where does it receive material goes. Some centers have to close as a matter of
necessity, some need not to be and some need to be as for away as possible.

This aspect has been given a rating scale in terms of alphabets as under:

Absolutely necessary to be close

Essential to be close
Ordinary closeness
Ordinary closeness
Unimportant that they are close or not
Not desirable that the centers are close

It can be seen that this is only a guide for Indian location as the work centers as there will many
competing factors that have to be accommodated.
Question.2. what are the reasons for failure of a project? Give suitable examples.

Answer: Before knowing the reasons of failure we have to know about project.
Project is a set of activities which are networked in order and aimed towards achieving goal of a
project.

Now, the reasons are project failure:

Incidence of Project failure

Projects being initiated of random at all levels
Project objective not in line with business objective
Project management not observed
Project manager with no prior experience in the related project
Non- dedicated team
Lack of complete support from clients

Factors contributing to project success not emphasized:

Project objective in alignment with business objective

Working within the framework of project management methodology
Effective scoping planning, estimation, execution, controls and reviews, project bottlenecks
Communication and managing expectations effectively with clients, team merits and stake
holders
Prior expectance of PM in a similar project

Overview of information and communication Technologies (ICT) project:

Involve information and communication technologies such as the word wide web, e-mail, fiber-
optics satellites
Enable societies to produce, access, adapt and apply information in greater amount, more
rapidly and at reduce casts
Offer enormous opportunities for enhancing business and economic viability
Common problems encountered during projects
No prioritization of project activity from an organizational position
One or more of the stages in the project mishandled
Less qualified non-dedicated manpower
Absence of smooth flow of communication between the involved parties

These basic reasons lead a project to failures. In the project failures business management and
project management is directly involved. From the management point of view it is basic things
to care above topics to success of a project. Project is the core business of a company. In the
MBA assignment its role has been defined from the management prospective.