School of Engineering

EEET 1026
Introduction to Computer Systems

Tutorial 1
Digital Number Systems, Codes and Conversions
Decimal, Binary and Hexadecimal Number Systems
Binary Coded Decimal (BCD)

S Mahfuz Aziz

Preparation
You are expected to attempt each of the exercises in this handout before
the scheduled tutorial class.
The questions and exercises in the handout are based on the materials
covered in the lectures. You can review the materials by revisiting the lecture
notes available in this web site.
It is important that you read the relevant sections of the textbook (Digital
Systems: Principles and Applications) and look at the examples there to
enhance your understanding of the concepts.

Important note
Tutorial classes are meant to be interactive. That is, you are expected to
actively take part in the discussion and problem solving. Dont expect the
tutor to simply hand out solutions. Therefore, your preparation for the class
is essential.

Exercises:
1-3, 1-4, 1-5, 1-6, 1-7, 1-8, 1-9, 1-10, 1-11, 1-12, 1-13
2-1, 2-2, 2-3, 2-4, 2-5, 2-6, 2-7, 2-8, 2-11, 2-13, 2-14, 2-15, 2-19, 2-20, 2-21

1-3. Convert the following binary numbers to their equivalent decimal values.
(a) 110012
(b) 1001.10012
(c) 10011011001.101102

1-4. Convert the following binary numbers to decimal.

(a) 100112
(b) 1100.0101
(c) 10011100100.10010

1-5. Using three bits, show the binary counting sequence from 000 to 111.

1-6. Using six bits, show the binary counting sequence from 000000 to 111111.

1-7. What is the maximum number that we can count up to using 10 bits?

1-8. What is the maximum number that we can count up to using 14 bits?

1-9. How many bits are needed to count up to a maximum of 511?

1-10. How many bits are needed to count up to a maximum of 63?

1-11. Draw the timing diagram for a digital signal that continuously alternates between 0.2V
(binary 0) for 2 ms and 4.4 V (binary 1) for 4 ms.

1-12. Draw the timing diagram for a digital signal that continuously alternates between 0.3V
(binary 0) for 5 ms and 3.9 V (binary 1) for 2 ms.

1-13. Suppose that the decimal integer values from 0 to 15 are to be transmitted in binary.
(a) How many data lines will be needed if parallel representation is used?

(b) How many data lines will be needed if serial representation is used?
3

2-1. Convert the following binary numbers to decimal.

(a) 10110
(b) 10010101
(c) 100100001001
(d) 01101011

(e) 11111111
(f) 01101111
(g) 1111010111
(h) 11011111

(i) 100110
(j) 1101
(k) 111011
(l) 1010101

2-2. Convert the following decimal values to binary.

(a) 37
(b) 13
(c) 189
(d) 1000

(e) 77
(f) 390
(g) 205
(h) 2133

(i) 511
(j) 25
(k) 52
(l) 47

2-3. What is the largest decimal value that can be represented by:
(a) an eight-bit binary number?

(b) a 16-bit number?

2-4. Convert each hexadecimal (hex) number to its decimal equivalent.

(a) 743
(b) 36
(c) 37FD
(d) 2000

(e) 165
(f) ABCD
(g) 7FF
(h) 1204

(i) E71
(j) 89
(k) 58
(l) 72

2-5. Convert each of the following decimal numbers to hex.

(a) 59
(b) 372
(c) 919
(d) 1024

(e) 771
(f) 2313
(g) 65,536
(h) 255

(i) 29
(j) 33
(k) 100
(l) 200

2-6. Convert each of the hex values from Problem 2-4 to binary.
(a) 743
(b) 36
(c) 37FD
(d) 2000

(e) 165
(f) ABCD
(g) 7FF
(h) 1204

(i) E71
(j) 89
(k) 58
(l) 72

2-7. Convert the binary numbers in Problem 2-1 to hex.

(a) 10110
(b) 10010101
(c) 100100001001
(d) 01101011

(e) 11111111
(f) 01101111
(g) 1111010111
(h) 11011111

(i) 100110
(j) 1101
(k) 111011
(l) 1010101

2-8. List the hex numbers in sequence from 19516 to 20816

2-13. Take each four-bit binary number in the order they are written and write the equivalent hex
digit without performing a calculation by hand or by calculator.
(a) 1001
(b) 1101
(c) 1000
(d) 0000

(e) 1111
(f) 0010
(g) 1010
(h) 1001

(i) 1011
(j) 1100
(k) 0011
(l) 0100

(m)
(n)
(o)
(p)

0001
0101
0111
0110

2-14. Take each hex digit and write its four-bit binary value without performing any calculations
by hand or by calculator.
(a) 6
(b) 7
(c) 5
(d) 1

(e) 4
(f) 3
(g) C
(h) B

(i) 9
(j) A
(k) 2
(l) F

(m)
(n)
(o)
(p)

0
8
D
9

2-15. What is the largest decimal value that can be represented by three hex digits?

2-19. Encode these decimal numbers in Binary Coded Decimal (BCD).

(a) 47
(b) 962
(c) 187
(d) 6727

(e) 13
(f) 529
(g) 89627
(h) 1024

(i) 72
(j) 38
(k) 61
(l) 90

2-20. How many bits are required to represent the decimal numbers in the range from 0 to 999
using:
(a) Straight binary code?

(b) Using BCD code?

2-21. The following numbers are in BCD. Convert them to decimal.

(a) 1001011101010010
(b) 000110000100
(c) 011010010101
(d) 0111011101110101
(e) 010010010010
(f) 010101010101
(g) 10111
(h) 010110
(i) 1110101

Exercise on a simple logic circuit

X
A

t
v

Write the Boolean expression for each intermediate signal t, u, v and the output X.

Determine the values of t, u, v, X for all possible input conditions, and list the values in a truth
table. By examining the values of X with the values of all the inputs (A, B, C), can you think of a
way to simplify the circuit?