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Grades
7-10
Grades
4-6
Grades
1-3
K
Algebra,
Geometry,
Statistics
And
Probability
c) Engaging
(meaning
charming, interesting, pleasing, appealing, attractive, lovely, fasc
inating, entertaining, winning,pleasant
d) Open to practices differentiated instruction - Differentiating
instruction may mean teaching the same material to all students
using a variety of instructional strategies, or it may require the
teacher to deliver lessons at varying levels of difficulty based on
the ability of each student.
e) Makes use of problem-solving - Problem-solving is a tool, a
skill, and a process. As a tool is helps you solve a problem or
achieve a goal. As a skill you can use it repeatedly throughout
your life. And, as a process it involves a number of steps.
f) Guided practice - Guided Practice is interactive instruction
between teacher and students. After the teacher introduces new
learning, he/she begins the student practice process by engaging
students in a similar task to what they will complete later in the
lesson independently. Students and teacher collaboratively
complete the task as a model. The teacher leads the activity but
solicits help from students at predetermined points along the
way.
g) Makes use of manipulative, games and calculators - are
physical tools of teaching, engaging students visually and
physically with objects such as coins, blocks, puzzles, markers
h) Assessment-driven and data driven instruction
assessment-data(determine students needs, A Practical Guide to
Improve
Instruction.)
data-driven
instruction
(includes
assessment, analysis, and action)
2. Three-tiered Principle
Theory Definition
Jerome Bruner theorized that learning occurs by going through three
stages of representation. Each stage is a "way in which information or
knowledge are stored and encoded in memory" (Mcleod, 2008). The
stages are more-or-less sequential, although they are not necessarily
age-related like Piaget-based theories. Going through the stages is
essential to truly understanding the concept, as it helps the learner
understand
why.
Bruner's Stages of Representation
1. enactive (action-based)
Sometimes called the concrete stage, this first stage involves a
tangible hands-on method of learning. Bruner believed that "learning
begins with an action - touching, feeling, and manipulating" (Brahier,
2009, p. 52). In mathematics education, manipulatives are the
concrete objects with which the actions are performed. Common
d) Elimination
2. Concept attainment strategy - engages students in forming their
own definition of a concept by examining the attributes of several
examples and non-examples of the word, concept, or topic. (ex. Giving
a lot of examples and let them decide or think.)
Separating important from unimportant information
Searching for patterns and making generalization
Defining and explaining concepts
3. Concept formation strategy - is, a strategy that takes your
students through a process whereby they work to understand a
concept. Rather than you telling them, the students form their
understanding of a concept.
4. Direct instruction
Activities under Direct instruction
Activities
under
Concept
attainment
The teacher will define proper The teacher will give a set of
fraction
examples.
Ex. A fraction a/b is proper if
Ex. The following are proper
lal<lbl.
fractions:
1/5, 2/5, 3/5, 4/5, 1/8, 2/8,
Then the teacher will give examples 3/8.
(and non-examples)
Examples of proper fractions are
Ex. The following are improper
2/3, 2/5, 7/8
fractions:
5/5, 6/5, 7/5, 8/5, 9/8, 10/8,
Examples of improper fractions 11/8.
3/3, 5/2, 8/7
Then the teacher asks the students
to complete the sentence:
A proper fraction _______________.
(Expected
answer:
A
proper
fraction is a fraction whose
absolute value of the numerator is
less the absolute value of the
denominator.)
7-10
Grades
4-6
Grades
1-3
K
Algebra,
Geometry,
Statistics
And
Probability
Three-tiered Principle
Theory Definition
Jerome Bruner theorized that learning occurs
by going through three stages of representation. Each stage is a "way in
which information or knowledge are stored and encoded in memory"
(Mcleod, 2008). The stages are more-or-less sequential, although they are
not necessarily age-related like Piaget-based theories. Going through the
stages is essential to truly understanding the concept, as it helps the learner
understand why. Bruner's Stages of Representation
1.enactive (action-based)
Sometimes called the concrete stage, this first stage involves a tangible
hands-on method of learning. Bruner believed that "learning begins with an
action - touching, feeling, and manipulating" (Brahier, 2009, p. 52). In