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Vedic Foundation of Knowledge

-Arun Kumar Upadhyay, IPS, M.Sc., AIFC


C/47, Palaspalli, Bhubaneswar-751020
0674-2591172/ Mob-09437034172
Email arunupadhyay30@yahoo.in, Webwww.scribd.com/Arunupadhyay
(Summary)
Veda is world and its representation in words-both are beyond perception of a
man. It explains inter-relation between 3 world systems-cosmic, earth, man by 5
senses and 2 extra ones. As inter-link between all worlds, it is foundation of all
knowledge. Correct idea and measures of 7 cosmic structures evolved in 5 steps
was formed. All classifications of language and sciences are based on 3 (worlds)
and 7 (lokas). That is proper foundation for each subject and some aspects of
inter-link are still unknown. That provides guide for future research in cosmology
and other sciences.
********************************
1. Introduction- (a) How Veda is Foundation of Science-Veda indicates two
things- (i) The Brahma or world (1) itself, and (ii) The text in word form. Both forms
are apaurueya or super human. Veda Brahma is super human in the following
respects(1) Purua is an entity living in Pura or closed structure. If we study hierarchy of
structures only, it does not amount to the whole world. There is dark matter,
energy field in seemingly empty space, and the space itself. Possibly, the
primordial material of creation-Rasa- is beyond all that. (2)
(2) Veda is vk or measure of that purua. It is vacant space between two puras
and size of
different levels of puras. Again the dynamics of creation-Yaja-is beyond measure
of vk. Veda is word form is a representation of real world and so, it is foundation
of sciences.
This representation is achieved in following ways(1) Vk in spoken or written form corresponds to real structure of universe.
Specially, Devangar script (3) is perfect parallel to sizes of solar system and
galaxy and by extension to Brhm, it represents the whole of visible universe.
(2) Pure vk represented in a language is distorted by personal bias or character,
knowledge, perception and angularities. Firstly, the vk is to be perceived by a
i (4) who sees inner-relation between three environs-dhidaivika (space,
cosmic), dhibhautika (physical world), dhytmika (within human body). The
remaining traces of human bias are eliminated by considering the inner unity of
thought of several is.
(3) Relation between cosmic, physical and inner worlds is not observed by any
experiment, though it is expected as cosmic structure is source of other two.
There are some theories about link, called Anthropic Principles in modern astrophysics. Our normal perception is by 5 senses through 5 Pras. But, there are 2
more pras called Asat (beyond perception). There is not only sixth sense, but a
seventh also. So, Pras are generally counted as5, but sometimes 7 also (4).
Perception by these extra senses is abnormal for any person,
Thus, vedas as world or word form-both are word (vk) of God (Brahma) and are
superhuman.
(b) Why Veda is preferred to other scriptures-Tora. Bible, Koran and Avesta
also are word of God and God does not speak falsehood anywhere. But the style
of other scriptures is story like puras meant for masses. The language, script
or manner of presentation is not classified in scientific style.
Vedas are science of world in following manners-(i) There is six fold
correspondence between Brahma and vk through Devangar and Brhm

scripts extended to 172 symbols of Vijna vk (scientific letters and symbols) of


Vedas.(3)
(ii) Vedas are classified four-fold by 3 parts including one originalVeda Element Meaning of verb vid (5)
k
Form
to exist
Yajur Motion
to gain
Sma Knowledge to know
Atharva Foundation to consider
(b) Universe - Scattered galaxies - Collection of mantras in Samhit
Galaxy
Brahma
Brhmaa
(Start of motion, vyu) (Procedures)
Solar system Fire energy (arai) rayaka (Link with cosmic energy, devotion)
Earth Base to sit (Creation) Upaniad (= to sit)-settled principles
(c) Whether Vedas contain superior knowledge-Ludwig Feuerbach in his
books Philosophy of Religion and The Essence of Christianity has explained
faith in scriptures as the surrender of primitive illiterate man to supernatural
mysteries. In the era when the top-most physicists and mathematicians
perceived their theories of inherent unity and connectedness of universe,
persons facing difficulty in science and math since school days think that earlier
men were more ignorant. Superior knowledge existed all over the world in Vedic
age is evident from the following facts(1) People of Mexico were able to calculate solar eclipse 7000 years ago for
which there is no exact method till today. But historians ascribe only pictorial
script to them, though in modern scientific era, no new language has been
created.
(2) Vedic literature read with Srya-siddhnta (Book of Enoch in Ethiopian version
of Bible, Ina=sun) accurately describes the size of universe, extent of dark
matter etc. They also give rotation period of galaxy (manvantara) which is not
measured till today.
(3) Vedas describe 13 levels of world structures (6) out of which only 9 levels are
separately studied in modern sciences. Cosmology theories describe only
isotropic, homogenous universe which completely ignores various levels of
structures.
(4) From highest structure till man, successive images are created. To some
extent, Anthropic Principle(7) in modern cosmology assumes these and static
relations are known. Dynamic relation between man, earth, solar system, galaxy
is still to be understood.
(5) Science of medicine included interaction of man and animals with plants and
minerals which was more detailed in ancient times than in modern materiamedica.
(6) Residue of original rasa at each level of creation is defined. (8)
(7) Universe is described in 5 to 10 dimensional entities about which modern
cosmology is in doubt. (9)
(8) Veda is par and apar vidy both. One is unity of thought, the other is
classification.(10) Science is classified knowledge and we are in search of
unification now. Par and apar vidy are also called vidy-avidy, jna-vijna.
(2) Vedic Science and its perceptionWhat is Vedic science ? Is it arbitrary interpretation or twisting of words ? Or, is it
search of some concepts of words of science in Vedic literature ? It is none of
these. It has been mentioned that i is a person who perceives unity of
principles in 3 environs or have some parallel in other worlds. There is a trend in
so called scientific analysis of Vedas to vaguely understand own branch of
science and to twist some vedic words to suit his concepts. That way, science or
its present state is foundation of vedas. We are not treating Vedas as foundation

of knowledge. We have to develop our sciences in line of Vedas. (11) Then only,
Veda is a useful source.
This needs the following steps(1) Understanding the scheme of Vedic science based on 10 fold interpretation of
cosmic origin. (12) Ten views of Nsadya skta represent 10 dimensional world.
(2) For some purposes, 5 dimensional world is complete as in mechanical
sciences. Complete description needs 5 to 10 dimensional views resulting in 6
philosophies, 6 scripts etc.
(3) Meaning of each Vedic word is to be understood in scientific sense. Paita
Madhusdana Ojh and his students Motilal Shastri, Giridhar Chaturvedi have
explained definitions of various vedic terms. These are to be made more precise
and a dictionary is to be made.
(4) In last 600 years after Syaa, we have omitted translations of numerical
words in vedas. Sahasra, koi, kharva, par, anku-mean different numbers, but
all are taken as infinite. By analysing these terms, we get quantitative
description of world which can be partly verified by modern sciences. This gives
clue to many more new structures which can provide future direction to modern
sciences.
(5) Scientific theories are to be tested and verified in 3 ways called sahasra-ra
(source element or cosmic field), sahasrka (heliocentric view, sun is eye =
aka), sahasra-pda (physical world on earth)
(6) Dynamic process of each system-cosmic, human, atomic, physical, social,
economic, geographical etc. is to be understood by yaja (creation) model.
(3) Problems of modern Cosmology(A) V. L. Ginzburg has idenified 7 key problems in Astrophysics (12) (i) Experimental checks and applicability of the general theory of Relativity.
(ii) Gravitational waves.
(iii) Cosmological problem-Relation between cosmology and hiigh energy physics.
(iv) Neutron stars and pulsars. Physics of black holes.
(v) Quasars and galactic nuclei. Formation of galaxies.
(vi) Origin of cosmic rays and cosmic, gamma ray and x-ray radiations.
(vii) Neutrino astronomy.
(B) Einsteins theory of Gravitation (General Theory of Relativity) has been
generalized in four broad directions (13) (i) Theories based on four dimensional manifolds described by geometries more
general than Riemannian(a) Weyl and Eddington uniting electromagnetism and gravitation.
(b) Geometries using torsion-Elie Cartan Geometry. This was attempted by
Einstein, R. Finkelstein, theories of super-gravity model and beyond unified
model.
(c) Differential geometries by J. A. Schouten.
(ii) Gravitational theories with additional factors(a) Scalar Tensor theories of Jordan,-Brans-Dick, using scalar field.
(b) Finsler geometries-metric is a scalar function of point and vector.
(c) Biometric theories of Rosen and others.
(d) Fourth order field equations like super-gravitation and Twister theory of
Penrose.
(iii) Action at a distance theories-R. Feynman ad J.A. Wheelerr introduced
absolute absorber in future explaining influence of remaining universe. HoyleNarlikar theory is an example.
(iv) Quantum theories of gravitation. This places a lower limit to length and timePlancks distance=1.6 x 10-35 meters.
Least time interval =10-43 seconds (in which light ray will travel that distance).
This is still at

elementary stage with following preliminary steps(a) Quantization of weak gravitational field.
(b) Particle pair creation in expanding universe.
(c) Gravitational modeling of elementary particles.
(d) Super symmetry and Super-gravity.
(C) Various dimensions have been assumed in such theories(i) 3 dimensional space in Laplace theory of cosmology.
(ii) 4 dimensional space-time continuum in Einsteins relativity theory.
(iii) 5 dimensional Kaluza-Klein Theory uniting gravitational and electromagnetic
fields.
(iv) 6 dimensional theory of gravitational and Electro-weak interactions by
Weinburg-Salam.
(v) Multi-dimensional theory with 2 time like co-ordinates.
(vi) Ten dimensional string theories- 5 alternative models have been proposed (14).
(4) Solution by Vedic Model(1) Unification models started with observation of P.A.M. Dirac in 1935 that
ratio between effective or defined size of electron and theoretically visible
universe was 1040. Same was the ratio of gravitational and electromagnetic
forces between electron and nucleus. Salam-Wienburg theory is based on same
ratios 1040, 1080 with other 2 forces(15). Next development should focus on
smaller class of real world structure. There are 7 lokas corresponding to 7
tongues of Agni(16). Each closed system (maala) loosely called a sphere is
practical limit (koi) of the world for component spheres and is 10 7 times it. So,
107 is called koi. The higher spheres starting from man are called maalas-(i)
Bh, (ii) Saura, (iii) Parameh, and (iv) Svayambh. Bh-maala (earth) is 10 7
times man, saura (solar system) is again 10 7 times Bh-maala and so on (17).
Around bh-maala, there is a zone of influence of earth called chandramaala, as it contains orbit of chandra (moon). Including this, there are 5 levels
of viva higher than man, so world is called pacha-parv (of 5 levels) or a tree
with 5 stages of branching (18). Man is the 6th world or viva. 7 lower viva are
each 105 times smaller than man. Thus, 7th or smallest level comes to 1.6 x 10 -35
meters and is called(19) i . This comes to same size as Plancks length (para 3B
IV). Separate sizes are given in vedic literature for cell (kalila), atom (jva),
nucleus (kualin). Below that, the particle sizes are not defined in quantum
mechanics. Names from lowest level are i (string), pitar (= parents, prototype
for creation), deva-dnava (light, darkness), jagat (moving particles) of 3 types (20)
-lepton (chara = moving), baryon (heavy, sthu = fixed), meson (link particles,
anuprva = after and prior). Thus, there are 13 levels of viva and not infinite
system of hierarchy as postulated in Mathematical Systems Theory of Kalman.
Hence, viva (closed, complete and inter-connected system, world) is used to
indicate number 13 in astronomy texts. These levels areFive parva of world tree
World level Maala name God Vowel Consonant Corresponding Chakra
(Inner letters within human body)
1. Universe Svayambh Brahm A
h Viuddhi
2. Galaxy Parameh Viu
I
y Anhata
3. Solar
Saura
Indra
U
v Svdhihna
4.Sphere of moon orbit Chandra Soma r
Maipra
5 Earth
Bh
Agni

l Mldhra
Note-(1) Brahm = Grand, whole world. Viu = encloser (to vest in). Indra =
burning (Indha
= to burn), Soma = dilute energy. Agni = concentrated matter or energy.
(2) Concentration of matter/energy was process of creation or agri (leading,
first). So, this form is called agni (21). All the 5 parvas are levels of agni, last being

most concentrated for earth. Out of these, the last 3 are called Nchiket
(chiketa = distict, nchiket = inter-mixed). So, sun-moon-earth are called 3 eyes
of iva. Joint pronunciation of the three vowels-(u++) becomes hulhuli (gargling
sound) which has become holi in sanskrit meaning pious (as holy in English).
(3) Chakras in human body are in order of Saundarya-lahar, vrese 9 by
ankarchrya. This is parallel to order of creation, hence it is called si-krama.
These are centers of various aspects of human body and their symbols are
letters pronounced from lower part of stomach. Other 8 worlds (viva) are6. Man = 1.6 meters
Level nos.
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
Worlds
Kalia
Jva
Kualin
jagat
Deva-dnava Pitar
i
Modern names (cell) (atom)
(nucleus) (particles)
(quarks ?) (proto-type)
(String)
Sizes
10-5 m 10-10 m
10-15 m
10-20 m
10-25 m
10-30 m
1035
m
Size below nucleus level is not defined. Effective zones of electron is same as
this size1015 m. Both are formed of quarks. However, symmetry of ratios
indicates that missing gaps between nucleus and fundamental string- levels 10
11, 12 should be in same ratios as indicated above.
There is a cross symmetry in number of higher and lower viva and their ratios
as powers of 10. Higher vivas are 5 (including moon orbit) or 5 maalas
starting from man in ratios of 107 each. Lower lokas are 7 with ratio of 10 5. This
power of 10 indicates that universe should
be 10 dimensional. Effect of 10 dimensions can be seen in many other levels
shown later. This settles the problem that dimensions number cannot be 11 as
conjectured.
Lower structures are images of universe. Visible universe has 10 11 particles as
galaxies. Each galaxy has 10 11 particles as stars. As image of both, Human brain
(22)
has 1011 kalila (neurons). So, 1011 is called kharva (powder form or broken into
particles). Countable world Gaea (gaan = to count) is also kharva (meaning
dwarf also). For 10 dimensions, its power number 11 is called Rudra (which
breaks).
(2) Ahargaa scaleThere is another scale of measuring universe with earth as unit. Higher measures
are in power of 2. Within earth itself, there are 3 concentric spherical shells
making 3 ahargaas equal to earth size. 4th ahargaa is twice the size of earth,
5th ahargaa is 22 size and so on. Thus, radius of nth ahargaa is r x 2 n-3, where
r is radius of earth. Starting from earths surface, blocks of 6 ahargaas are
called stoma (collection) giving stomas at 9, 15, 21, 27, 33 ahargaa which is
defined as limit of solar system. Middle of 1 to 33 ahargaa is 17th. Including
that, there are 6 Vaakra (i.e. 6 zones of vk).(23)
9th ahargaa = 26 radius of earth = 64r (Soma maala) moon is at 61r
distance.
15th ahargaa = 212 r = up to 30% distance till venus orbit = Bhuvar loka.
17th ahargaa = 214 r = just crosses sun which is sustaining life, i.e. Prajpati, so
17 is called Prajpati. From earth surface, it is 15th, so earth day and kalpa (day
of Brahm) are divided into 15 muhrtta or manvantara.
21st ahargaa = 218 r. It just crosses saturn orbit which is called ratha of sun (25)
or more properly wheel of the ratha. So it is rathantara sma (sma = field of
influence). Up to this region rays of sun are sustaining life, so this is center of
nchiketa svarga extending to 4 ahargaa on either side of 17th (sun) , i.e. 13th
to 25th.

24th ahargaa = 221 r This is the planetary system till Neptune which has been
called disc shaped earth of 1 billion yojana diameter (here, yojana = 1000 part of
equatorial diameter = 12.8 km)
27th ahargaa = 224 r.This is at 24 ahargaa from earths surface. 24 measure is
gyatr chhanda (meter of verse or of space). For sun, it is Svitr, or Maitreyamaala. With sun diameter taken as 1 yojana, this is at 1 lakh yojana from suncenter. This sphere is bhmi (= earth, land for creation) of solar system, hence
bhmi is stated at 1 lakh from sun(26) .
33rd ahargaa = 230 r. This is extent of solar system called dyu (sky) of saura
maala. This is defined in two ways-in this zone, light of sun is more than the
background of galaxy (dyu = light). Or, an object will remain in suns orbit till this
distance due to its gravitation. But creative zone-bhmi is up to 27th ahargaa
only.
Element of dyu or rasa content in each ahargaa level is a deva. For 33
ahargaa, we have
33 devas(27) - 8 vasu, 11 rudra, 12 ditya, and 2 dyv-pthiv (sky-earth) or
avins (border regions between vasu-rudra, rudra-ditya).
Starting from outside, in rare medium, rasa or nanda is maximum. On
crossing each ahargaa, 99 out of 100 parts of rasa density is consumed in
creation, i.e. nanda is reduced 100 times (28). Thus, starting from earth, nanda
of each ahargaa loka increases 100 times. From earths surface to 33rd
ahargaa, there is gap of 30 ahargaa corresponding to 100 30 or 1060 ratio of
nanda. 1060 is the number of electron-positron pair in solar system. Image of
this process is made in preparation of homeopathic medicine. At each step,
medicine is diluted 100 times, then its potency or nanda content increases by 1
like that of ahargaa zone. At 30 potency, we reach end of solar system, whose
image is maipra chakra (naval region) in human body. Thus, 30 potency
medicine is used for most ailments, as they are related to digestive system. This
centre is called energy body (Pramaya-koa).
Exponential scale of ahargaa is perceived as linear scale on earth like
perception of sound intensity (Helmholtz principle). For ditya-ratha in 20-21
ahargaa, we have sun place at Korka and Ratha-ytr center at Pur at 20 0+
latitudes. After 33 ahargaa, energy of sun is
like average of galaxy in that region, so sun is called mrtaa (dead egg). At
330+ latitude in Kashmir, there is Mrtaa (Maan sheb) temple.
Division of galactic regions is by chhandom-stoma at 24 (gyatr), 44 (triup),
48 (jagat) ahargaa-these are letter numbers of chhanda.
Gyatr is measure of world as 107=223.5 in ahargaa scale. Starting from man,
Gyatr is earth, 107 times size of man. From earth, next level is svitr (sava = to
create or produce) or
bhmi (earth, place for creation) of solar system (27 ahargaa). Next levels are
parameh (galaxy) and svayambh (universe) maalas shown in 4(1). Region
from 1 to 15 ahargaa is bhuvar-loka. 15 to 33 is svar-loka in broad sense. Its
center 24 (gyatr) is taken as svar-loka. Maharloka is 44th ahargaa, more
correctly it is 43 ahargaa equal to letters of Mhevara stra which is
foundation of tantra or creation and of sanskrit grammer. Each chhanda extends
to 2 less and 2 more letters (29). This is a region of 1400 light year diameter
around sun which is width of spiral arm of galaxy here.
Limit of galaxy is arrived at 49 ahargaa (within scope of jagat chhanda of 48
letters) equal to diameter of 10 5 light years. Galaxy is start of motion in universe,
so each of 49 ahargaa zones is a marut (= wind or motion). For first 33 marut
zones starting from earth, we have 33

devas. So, the marut zones from galactic center are similar divisions, called
brothers of devas. For 33 devas, we have 33 consonants from k to h and a
total of 49 letters in devangar script-i.e. a nagara (city) of devas in symbols.
Tapah loka is region of Tapa or interaction of Brahm (30), corresponding to visible
universe. As Brhm script has 64 letters (31), tapah loka extends to 67 ahargaa
(including 3 within earth). This gives a radius of 13 x 10 9 light years. Tradition of
Brhm is continued in Kannaa and Telugu scripts (of Karaka and Andhra
pradesh) which was region of human
Brahm then, probably at time of Krttikeya who started year with Dhanih
star in 16,000 BC in consultation with him (Mahbhrata,vana parva, 230/8-10).
Then year started with rains, so rains and year both were called vara ().
Galaxy has 3 zones. Central flat disc is kagang, because rotation is more in
this region-gang means river (gam = to go). Spherical subsystem is galaxy or
parameh. 10 times this size equals to 52 ahargaa and is called Krma (32) or
Goloka which creates the child Viu (galaxy) in its womb (Brahma-vaivartta
pura, Prakti Khaa, chapter 3)..
(3) Sahasra scaleMeasure of rasa or nanda at each level is sahasra-ra (ra = source, head)
method. Measure with earth base is sahasra-pda (earth is the end product or
pda = foot) method. Next is measure from sun or any center of motion.
Dynamics of creation is called rsa, center is Ka, gop like planets move round
it in Braja (motion area) or field. For 5 centers of rsa, there are 3 sahasra
(fields) each(33) making a total of 15 sahasra as source (uktha) of creation. Their
vk measure is in exponential scale. Three zones of influence are in ratio of
1000, so sahasra (saha = together, sra = moving) means 1000.
With sun at center, loka-shasr is up to 1000R (R = radius of sun) or roughly till
largest planet Jupiter. Beyond that, Brahma perception starts, so it is called
Brahmaaspati. For earth at 200 and Jupiter at 1000 units distance, medicines of
200, 1000 potency are prepared in homeopathy. This indicates that due to
dynamic rsa also, rasa is divided by 100 at each level of linear scale from sun.
Veda-shasr is from 100R to 105 R. Region between 100R and 1000 R is
common, this is place of yaja or creation zone of sun. Vk (measure) shasr is
from 104 to 107 R, which extends till 33 ahargaa.
(4) Creation & RsaIn creation process, base form of rasa is pah, or asura. This is not transformed ,
creation is only from deva part, (20) causing motion. Asuras are divided into 99
parts and Devas in 33 parts. So, created world is only 1/4th (34). Remaining part
75% is dark matter, modern estimates vary from 10 to 90%. Due to sun, rasa is
split in 33 ahargaa zones, each being a deva. Each deva creates 3 types of
asura in static pah-Bala, Namuchi, Vtra(35). Vtra creates enclosure of
boundary of a form. Bala separates the body from surroundings and
concentrates. Namuchi mixes with surroundings and causes dissipation or (36)
death (muchyu = mtyu = death)
(5) Ten DimensionsIdentification of structure or pura is purua description. Measure of space is vk.
This is field of r (feminine) description. Description starting from space is r
which does creation through 3 guas. At beginning or rasa stage, 3 guas are 3
complementary qualities which cancel each other in equilibrium-like quark they
are named colours(37). With 3 gua combinations 2 3 = 8 forms of Prakti (creative
form, kti = creation) made from r. From Prakti, gua take different qualitiestama (dark) is inactive, sattva is potential energy and rajas is dynamic. Sattva
and rajas create 8+8 viktis (created and not creating further). Conscious purua
is undisturbed 25th element. This explains 25 elements of snkhya philosophy
which gives 5 dimensional space with 5 tanmtr (basic units of measure), 5

mahbhta etc. This is count of distinct forms. Parallel to it , there are 5 indistinct
dimensions making a total of 10 dimensions. This separation of 5+5 dimensions
may be termed as metric-local, quantum field, digital-analogue etc.
Ten dimensions may also be thought from 3 dimensions of space by Viu. Viu
has 3 dimensions for each of three aspects- (i) measure (pada) for space, (ii)
boundary of forms and (iii) field of influence (vikrama) (38). One undisturbed
element is rasa-the 10th dimension. The 10 dimensions may be termed as
follows0-Zero volume element called chit, point.
1-Line element, measure and ratio, dy/dx etc.
2-Area element, boundary surface, arman, pha.
3-Volume, yu or yatana, ghana.
4-Matter element caused by expansion of universe, 4-headed Brahm.
5-Time element-cyclic change gives janya kla or measured time, irreversible
change causes death or nitya kla. Both are 5 headed mahkla iva.
6-Chetan is agency causing chayana (organization). Mechanical world left to
itself disintegrates due to entropy. This element is divided into 5 elements. First
is creation of boundaries of each form. This is 6 headed Skanda (= to fall, or to
come out) incarnation of Viu.
7-i (string) is force between two forms within boundaries. This is of 7 types for
7 lokas. For
4 higher spheres or 4 measured lower levels-4 measured forces exist in physics.
Other 3 are
for 3 intermediate higher lokas or 3 immeasurable lower levels are not
measurable.
8-Nga-This is vtra, ahi, or gaja- ach indicating number 8. This is curling force or
boundary. 9-Randhra or nanda indicate number 9. This is due to difference,
dissipation or death occurs. This process is called namuchi. Randhra means hole
or deficit, nanda is gradation in levels.
10-Rasa or nanda-This is source or scalar field present everywhere.
(6) Classes of Mathematics-For two branches of knowledge, Gaea (countable,
gaana = to count) and Sarasvat (rasa = abstract), there are two broad classs of
mathematicsGaea
Sarasvat
Discrete
Field
Algebraic (ri) Geometric (ketra)
Pure
Applied
Exact (sakta)
Approximate (asakta)
Finite
Infinite
Theory (Bhva) Algorithms (Bhvita)
Bhskara-1 has mentioned ri and ketra methods of gaita in his commentary
on ryabhaya. Texts like Siddhnta-darpaa give sakta (exact or one time)
method and asakta (repeated, successive approximation). Bhskara-1 also
mentions 4 bjas-sub-class of ri1st-gulika (ka. abstract unknown quantity), yvat-tvat (ya, dependent variable)now called x and y in algebra and calculus.
2nd-Varga-avarga (square and root)
3rd-Ghana-aghana (cube and root)
4th-Viama (mixed).
These are simple equations, quadratic, cubic and more than one unknown or
mixed.
He mentions 4 treatises of earlier chryas at two places (A-1/1, A-2/9)-Maskar,
Praa, Mudgala, Ptana which may indicate 4 pda (branches) of mathematics
like 4 pda of Brahma. Maskar may mean collection of algorithms (maska =

repetitive exercise, maskari = wielder of rod, a sanys. with stick. In English


also, log = rod has given algorithm). Mudgala (mudga = grains of pulse) may
mean discrete mathematics. Praa (= filling, summation is integral calculus)
and Ptana (= rectification, in differential calculus) are two opposite branches of
abstract infinitesimal mathematics. Mahbhrata, nti parva (47/12) mentions
Bhskara (or Maskar), Praa among the sages surrounding Bhma at his last
moment. Maudgalya (of Mudgala clan) has also been mentioned, but no
indication is given about their knowledge of mathematics.
Maskar and Praa are mentioned as mathematicians in Bodhaprbhta
(commentary by rutasgara) and Bhvaprbhta of Kunda-Kunda. each of
mathematics branches gives rise to a school of philosophy and these schools
were up-rooted after advent of Siddhrtha Buddha (1887-1807 BC). Makkhali
Gola (Maskar. Gola is the gotra stated by the 10th Sikh Guru Govinda Singh
ji also), Praa Kayapa and Mudgala are mentioned as three sects uprooted by
him. Possibly, that period ended the formal texts of mathematics as well as
surgery in name of non-violence (40).
Felix Kleene(41) had classified branches of mathematics in his Erlangen (an
university in Germany) programme on basis of invariant groups in projective
geometry. Geometry is basically a field theory. Through group theory, discrete
element was joined. Image nature of various structures was explained through
projections. These projections should be modified as linear, logarithmic,
exponential and differential elements instead of linear only because of real
nature of world structures.
(7) Language and Philosophy-Language is a re-presentation of world-vk (space,
or word) extends as much as Brahma (the whole world) (42). Thus, according to
description of Brahma in 5 to 10 dimensions, there are 6 branches of darana
(philosophy) or dara-vk (= visible word, script). Number of letters in a script
depends on dimension numbers(43) or partitions of salila (uniform rasa)52 is English, French.
62 is Latin, Hebrew, Russian, Gurumukhi.
72 is Devangar script (Hind, Bangla, Odia. Gujart)
82 is Brhm script (Kannaa and Telugu)
(8+9)2 is Vijna lipi of vedas.
103 to 104 letters are in Chinese script.
Philosophy also has six branches purua is of six types (44) as vk or darana.
These are divided into two parts-(i) Vedic, which assumes an unified conscious
element and (ii) Non vedic.
Both are of 3 types eachSubject
Vedic
Non-Vedic
Observation Snkhya Chrvk
+logic
Vaieika Bauddha
+limit of logic rraka (vednta) Jaina (Sydvda)
Vedic have two classes corresponding to forms of puruaPurua
Gaea
Sarasvat
1. Kara (individuals) Snkhya
Yoga
2. Akara (class)
Vaieika
Nyya
3. Avyaya (rraka) Mmns (prva) Vednta (uttara mmns)
Other philosophies are sub-classes of these.
(8) yurveda (45) - For 3 gua or dimensions or space, yurveda has 3 triads(a) Three types of food as per their effects on mind and bodySattva-Healthy, calm. Raja-Energetic, arousing. Tama-harmful.
(b) Three types of energy in bodyPra-Dynamic function indicated by breath.
Tejasa-Essence of Dhtus of body.

Ojasa-Individual consciosness, Immunity.


(c) Three doas of purua cancel each other like 3 guas of prakti-vta, kapha,
pitta.
The is explaining them in Charaka Samhit have similar names-Kpya,
Vyorvid, Marchi (hot rays of sun, pitta also creates fever) Complete balance of
3 doas is health-other 7 combinations create 7 defects in human prakti.
Edible foods have two sources-from living, from plants and minerals. Effect wise
also, they are two-nourishing, others. Eating methods are four-drinking, chewing,
sipping, and licking. Qualities of food are 20 = 5 mahbhta x 4 methods of
eating. Rasa or taste is of 6 types, being boundaries of 5 mahbhta or enclosed
in 7 lokasMadhura (sweet) = Earth + p. Tka (pungent) = teja + vyu.
Amla (sour) = Earth + teja. Kau (bitter) = vyu + ka
Lavaa (salt) = p + teja, Kaya (stale) = earth + vyu.
Combinations of 6 rasa are of 2 6-1 = 63 types. All together (one type) and 6 rasa
are excluded, other 56 combinations of 2 to 5 rasa are bhoga (cooked food). For
10 dimensions of world, 10 items are checked in diagnosis-prakti (constitution),
vikti (defects), sra (essence), samhanana (absorption), prama (standard),
stmya (assimilation), satva (inherent ability), hra-akti (energy from food),
vyyma-akti (effect of exercise), vaya (age).
Treatment is by 3 means-Oadhi (medicine), food, conduct. Oadhi is applied in 6
ways as per disease and its source. There are 12 symptoms of improvement.
Surgery instruments in Suruta samhit are 101, equal to branches of Yajurveda.
atapatha brhmaa (10/5/4/12) gives bone numbers in human body as 360
equal to number of days in a civil year.
Like 7 lokas, there are 7 dhtus. They are produced from food after 7 stages of
digestionStage Product Nature Waste (mala)
1. Rasa Nourishes
Stool
2. Ask Particles of blood Pitta.
3. Mmsa Muscle, skin Ear wax etc.
4. Meda
Fat
Sweat
5. Asthi Bone frame Hair, nails
6. Majj Bone marrow Gland secretion
7. ukra Semen, egg Fertilized cell
Action of medicine is of 50 types = 3 food effects + 37 medicine effects + 10 self
improvements.
40 medicines (including 3 foods) are equal to 40 pots of soma called graha in
atpatha brhmaa. 40 chapters of white yajurveda, 40 devat of tantra
(Tantrloka, 30/25-27), 40 navartra in a year, 40 parts of brain.
Creation sequence is 7 lokas, 8 divya si (8 fold prakrti) and 6 earth creations.
Thus, 786 means to start (Bismillah in Islam).
(9) Other classes- Branches of Vedas are according to 10 dimensionsk-21 branches= 20 ends of 10 dimensions + 1 formless origin.
Yajurveda- 101 branches = 10 forms x 10 motion + 1 formless.
Smaveda - 1000 branches = 10 foms x 10 motion x 10 effects.
Atharvaveda- 9 branches = 9 measurable references excluding scalar field.
Similarly, there are 10 mahvidy in tantra, 10 commandments in Bible, and 10
gurus in Sikhism. Classifications parallel to world structure also exist in political
science, grammar, sociology, economics, agriculture etc.
REFERENCES
(1) Word and Universe are two forms of Brahma
( /)

(2) All pervading element is rasa, it gives nanda


( //)
(3) Vk and Brahma have similar extent ( //)
--- ( ///)
, , ( //)
( //)
(4) Four meanings of i are explained in Mahari-kula-Vaibhavam of Pt.
Madhusudan Ojha in 2 volumes by Rajsthan Oriental Research Institute, Jodhpur.
Also see chapter 5/4 of Jagadguru Vaibhavam by Sri Ojha, published by
Rajasthani Granthagar, Jodhpur. Actually there are 7 meanings-(1) Primordial
string of size 10-35 meters, (2) Link between man and Brahma (called Rasul in
Koran), (3) Stars, e.g. Saptari = Big dipper, (4) Men who started chain of
knowledge, (5) Men starting famiy chain (gotra), (6) Seventh dimension of world
which is link between any two objects, (7) 7 forces-4 fundamental forces of
gravity, electromagnetic, strong & weak nuclear forces, 2 of symmetry 1 antisymmetry depicted as bird in atapatha Brhmaa.
7 pras- ( //)
5 Pras- ... ( /)
Asat (imperceptible) Pras-(1) i (string)-See Note 20 below.
(2) Paro-raj = Raja = dynamic universe. Beyond that is Paroraj which is also
Asat- ( //)
(5) ,
, ( ///)
= All forms are from k, all motion from Yaju, all fields from Sma, and the Whole
is Brahma (Atharva = steady).
Veda word is formed from verb Vid- = +
Four meanings of vid verb are as per Pini dhtupha- 4/60-existence, 2/57-to
know, 10/
177-place of consciousness, 6/41-to get, 7/13-to consider (same as 10/177).
(6) 13 world structures (viva) are described later in para 4 (1).
(7) Anthropic Principle is described in A Brief History of Time by Stephen
Hawkins, last chapter.
(8) Note 2 above and Taittirya upaniad (2/8). Bhadrayaka upaniad (4/3/1)
gives another sequence of lokas.
(9) Dimensions explained in para (5).
(10) Jna and Vijna- ( //)
Also see Gt (7/2, 9/1, 18/20) and Bhgavata pura (11/19/14,15).
(11) All sciences follow vedas-(Manusmti) (/)
(/)
(12) Ten dimensional (daa-vda) view of Nsadya skta in Brahma siddhnta of
Madhusdan Ojha. See-Physics of the 20th Century-History and Outlook by Mir
Publishers, Moscow-last chapter by V.L. Ginzburg, page 298.
(13) See-Space Time Gravitation by Mir Publishers, Moscow-chapter 3.
(14) For various models of string theories, see-The Elegant Universe-By Brian
Green, Vintage Books, New York.
(15) Salam Wienburg Theory can be seen in note (13). Assumption of 10 40 as
basic ratio can
be seen in several books of nuclear physics, cosmology. Semi-technical
book-The Universe Around Us-by J.V. Narlikar, Oxford University Press may be
seen.

(16) 7 tongues of Agni and 7 lokas etc. from that-

,
( //)
, ( //)

(17) Diameter of earth is given in all texts of jyotia. Actually, yojana value is
determined from that. Error is made in assuming that all yojanas are one. On
earth itself, Bhskara-II has used nautical yojana of 8 Kms. in Siddhnta-iromai
(Astronomy book) and survey yojana of 16 Kms. in Llvat (Math book).
Comparing distances of sun and star planets, steller (bha) yojana comes to 27
nautical or bh-yojana. Here, bha = stars or 27 both. Siddhnta-darpaa
(19/108-114) defines zones of heat, brightness, and light of sun as 2000, 1 lakh
and 25 lakh times diameter of sun. Viu pura (2/7/5) states that bhmi of sun
or Maitreya maala is 1 lakh yojana from sun. This yojana is equal to sun
diameter. Orbit of moon (diameter) is 1 lakh yojana in terms of bh-yojana.
Circumference of Brahma is given as 1.87 x 10 16 bha-yojana in Sryasiddhnta (12/80) which gives diameter as 10 21 meters = 105 light years.
Brahma is defined to be the limit of reach of sun rays. In that sense, it is
called Parama-pada of Viu (sun) as collection of suns in k (1/22/20). In k
(1/123/8), U is stated 30 yojanas or dhma in west Varua direction from sun
rise. Thus, vedas use dhma-yojana, where 150 circumference of earth (twilight
zone taken in Indian astronomy. Western convention is 18 0) is 30 yojana or 1
yojana is 55.5 Kms. In that unit, circumference of Great cave (guh) i.e. galaxy is
parrddha (0.5 x 1017) vide Kaha upaniad (1/3/1) or k (1/164/12).
(18) 5 nodes (parva) or stages of world
( //)
= 5 steps (stages) is Pitar (creator), Divah (brightness) has 12 forms (12
months), encloses in great Pura of Half-Par (Par = 10 17) yojana, much remains
beyond that also with 7 cycles (7 yugas) and 6 edges (6 forms of viewingPhilosophy).
Here, great Pura of Brahma is called par-ardha i.e. half of 10 17 yojanas
(circumference).
In reply to question in k (10/81/4), Taittirya brhmaa (2/8/9/6) tells that
Brahma is forest and tree with 5 parva mentioned above
(19) Viva means sarva (complete). It is closed and there is a link to close it.
Kalila (cell) with
these 3 qualities is viva
( /)
Cell is called kalila as it collects all materials in womb for its growth , /)
(
..... ( , /)
This is vlgra (hair end of 4 micron size), and start of life (jtarpa) ( )
Atom (jva) is ten thousand part of that, not destroyed in chemical reaction ( /)

Kualin (nucleus) outer sphere is 107 parts of hair end and inner layers are 10
and 100 parts of that as per a-chakra-nirpaa (7/8). Lower worlds are
successively 105 parts smaller starting from man ( )
(20) Micro worlds start from i ( /)
i is asat-pra (invisible force) and a string (rassi in Hindi) which pulls -
- ( , ///) = In beginning, it
was all Asat. What was that Asat? is were in beginning of all. Who are is?
Who pulled with force and energy, so they are called i.
(21) Agni is pthiv (earth) and concentrated energy (teja)
() ( ///, ///, ///)
( ///, ///, ///)
It was created first (agri), so it is called agni , ( ///,
///)
(22) Number of lomagartta (in a year) is equal to number of nakatras (stars)
,
( ///)
Purua (each pura) is samvatsara (year) and lomagartta number in each is equal


( ///)
= 1 year has 10,800 Muhrtta. Muhrtta is divided by 15 at each step to give
Kipra, Etarhi, Idn, Pra, Aktana, Nimea, Lomagartta, Svedyana.
Lomagartta in a year = 10,800 x 15 7 = 1.84 x 1012 (cell in human body). Purua
is 10 times
larger than bhmi (purua skta, 1), so particles in a bhmi are 10 11.
(23) Six vk are six vaakra ... ... ( ///)
( /)
... ...
( , , /)
(24) Prajpati is 17 ( ///, /)
(25) ditya is ratha, rathantara sma crosses it ( ///)
Heat zone is till 100 yojana and brightness zone is till 1000 yojana (sun diameter
= 1 yojana). These are distances of earth and saturn orbit.

() ( /)
( //)
There are 3 sma within earth and 3 outside ( ) ( )-( /)
(, , ) ( //)
Sma of earth are rathantara, vairpa and akvara. Three sma of sun are-bhat,
vairja, raivata , , , (
//)
Also see Aitareya brhmaa (19/6/18), Taittirya brhmaa (1/4/6). Stoma of
rathantara are 9, 15, 17, 21 , , , - ( //)
Prajpati is at 17 stoma ( //)
Earth is standard of measure-
( //)
= Indra fixed the measure of great Earth and then fixed measures of sky (Dyu)
and intermediate space (Antarika).
( //)
= abha (source, of knowledge or of world) fixed (measures) of sky and
Antarika with earth as standard of measure.
( //)
= Whose measure is earth and Antarika is cavity.
Hor means half division of ri, corresponding to aho-rtri (day-night) parts of
ahar (day). So, ahargaa in space should mean double. In calender making, this
means day-count.
(26) See note 17.
(27) 33 devas- ( //)
= Destroyers of Asura (a tribe, darkness in sky), you are 3 and 30 and are worth
worship in mind as Devas.
(28) See note (8). Asuras are 99, killed by Indra with Dadhchi bones-33 in
backbone ( //)
(29) Chhanda can extend to one or two letters less or more as per Pingala
Chhanda Stra (/)=Nichd, Bhrik are 1 (Syllable) less or more (than
standard).
(/) = Vir, Svarja are by 2.
(30) ()-( /, /)
= From Tapa is created Brahm.

, ...
() ( ///-) = The Creator willed-Let me create
many. He did work,Tapa.. That was foundation. It created a (source matter).
a created Aa (Egg shaped galaxy-Brahm).
Also see Gopatha Brhmaa prva (1/2).
(31) ( ) = There are 63 or 64 letters
according to ambh.
(32) Krma is that which creates-
( ///)
Size of Krma is 1018 yojana. Here, anku = 1013.

( , , -)
anku is base of akvara sma. Lokas were created in it ()
( ) ()- /)
Within akvar, lokas were created ... ( /)
Its stoma is based on chhanda, so it is called Chhandom stoma () , () , ()
( //)
( /)
Brahmavaivartta pura, prakti khaa, chapter 3 tells birth of Vira (grand)
child from Goloka (galaxy-region of radiation).
(33) Four types of rsa are described by Madhusdana Ojh in Essence of
Bhgavad GtCommentary by A.S. Ramnathan-by Rajsthan Patrika, Jaipur. This is based on
cycles of earth motion-daily, annual, ayana (precession of earth axis in 26000
years) and fourth is lunar month cycle. Fifth rsa should be its effect on human
body. Bhgavata pura tells that creation is by rsa. (also Brahma-vaivartta
pura, prakti khaa, 3). Rsa dance has one person (Ka) in center, others
move round him (Agni pura, chapter 338). Rsa creates 3 sma or shasr
(fields of influence) around each center or pura. For 5 pura or viva, there are 15
shasr
( //)
= 15 Sahasras are the source. From that, earth, sky were formed. Its influence is
thousand fold. Vk (sound, sky) extends till extent of Brahma.
Three fields are loka, veda, vk-created due to balance between Indra (outward
radiation) and Viu (attraction) , (
//)
? , , ( /)

(34) World and creatures are 1/4th of Purua (Brahma) ( , //)


(35) - , ( //)
Also see atapatha brhmaa (5/4/1/9, 12/7/1/10, 12/7/3/4) Taittirya brhmaa
(1/7/1/6,77) etc.- ( ///, ///)
( ///) = Indra is Bala (force, which can bend). It is in heart.
(
///) = Vtra bound objects with curved boundary, so it is Vritra (Vtta =
circle)
(36) Separate block created out of uniform samudra (muchyu = separated) is
reason of death, so death is mtyu ( , /)
(37) Quality of quarks are called colours-see for example at page 136 of QED
(Quantum Electro-dynamics) by R.P. Feynman. That just indicates complementary
balancing quality. Similarly 3 guas of Prakti are called colours
( /)
= Aj (she-goat, Prakti = creating force, nature) is in 3 colours-red, white, black.
From that varities evolved. Aja (goat, creator) was one, he was un-attached. Aj
consumed fruits.
(38) ( //) = Vius field is in 3 zones (steps).
(39) See introduction and text of ryabhaya, Bhskara commentary edited by
Prof. K.S. Shukla, INSA, Delhi-2.
(40) See for example Majjhima Nikya. Detailed analysis is in Bauddha Dharma
and Biharpublished by Bihar Rashtrabhasha Parishad, Patna-4.
(41) See-Nature and Growth of Modern Mathematics-by Edna Kramer or note
(13).
(42) Six forms are created from one formless source , ( //) = 7 Lokas exist together,
born from One source in pairs through i & Devas.
Space is measured by chhanda, there are 6 vk (scripts) ,
( //)
= Lokas are measured by Gyatr (meter of 24 letters, from man, each world is
successively bigger by 224), effect of sun is till Triup (44 letters, 3 zones in
earth, 44th starts at 240 x earth). Vk has 7 Chanda (meters), measure is in 2+4
parts.
(43) Gaur vk splits salila (water, uniform source matter) in 1, 2, 4, 8, 9 and
thousand parts to create different scripts ,
, ( //)
(44) See (42) above. Also ( /) = Purua is 6-fold.
(45) See Shodha Prabh of July, 2002, LBS Rashtriya Sanskrit Vidyapitha, Delhi16

Diagrams-(1) Measure scale of Universe

(2) Measure of Galaxy & spiral arms

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