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Question 1
A group of students involved in a speed reading test study. Data (in second) as describe in
the table below is a time taken to read one paragraph of test.
Male Female
Pretest Posttest Pretest posttest
13 14 22 26
17 24 12 15
49 23 10 10
34 24 22 18
Control Group 24 25 24 37
23 26 13 10
27 24 21 13
21 11 19 12
12 11 14 11
20 10 12 10
12 11 26 15
14 36 10 10
11 15 23 11
Experimental 12 12 12 13
11 11 11 16
9 37 14 48
8 26 29 12
11 15 15 14
List down all possible assumptions which are related to the selected analysis. Run
appropriate analysis and interpret the result as detail as possible. Make comments and
suggestions whenever possible.
Answer
6) Homogeneity of covariance matrices: we must assume that this is true for each dependent
variable, but also that the correlation between any two dependent variables is the same in
all groups.
Descriptive Statistics
gender Group Mean Std. Deviation N
pretest male Control 24.0000 10.92398 10
experiment 11.0000 1.85164 8
Total 18.2222 10.42935 18
female Control 16.9000 5.19508 10
experiment 17.5000 7.38725 8
Total 17.1667 6.07066 18
Total Control 20.4500 9.08715 20
experiment 14.2500 6.19139 16
Total 17.6944 8.42723 36
postest male Control 19.2000 6.74619 10
experiment 20.3750 11.05748 8
Total 19.7222 8.64874 18
female Control 16.2000 8.84182 10
experiment 17.3750 12.53495 8
Total 16.7222 10.31735 18
Total Control 17.7000 7.80755 20
experiment 18.8750 11.52317 16
Total 18.2222 9.50522 36
From the table and diagram we can conclude the findings for the data are:
1) From table 1 we can see that the value mean of male for pre test is higher for control group
(mean: 24) compared to experimental group (mean:11 )
2) From table 1 we can see that the value mean of female for pre test is higher for experimental
group (mean: 17.5) compared to control group (mean:16.9 )
3) From table 1 we can see that the value mean of male for post test is higher for experimental
group (mean: 20.4) compared to control group (mean:19.2 )
4) From table 1 we can see that the value mean of female for post test is higher for experimental
group (mean: 17.4) compared to control group (mean:16.2 )
5) From table 1.2 we can see that there is no significant differences between the gender that sit for
the pre test and the post test (α>.05). Therefore this test is suitable to use for both gender without
any biasness
6) From table 1.2 we can see that there is interaction effect between gender and group in pretest with
(α<.05).
7) From table 1.2 we can see that there is no interaction effect between gender and group in post test
with (α>.05).
8) Diagram 1.1 shows that there is no main effect within gender in pretest
9) Diagram 1.2 shows that there is no main effect within group in pretest
10) Diagram 1.3 shows that there is an interaction effects between group and gender in pre test since
the profile plot shows the lines are crosses
11) Diagram 1.4 shows that there is no main effect within gender in post test
12) Diagram 1.5 shows that there is no main effect within group in post test
13) Diagram 1.6 shows that there is no interaction effect between group and gender in post test since
they are parallel.
c) Some comments and suggestions that can be taken into account are:-
1) Although the mean shows there are differences between the groups, but they are not
significant. It shows that the treatment use in this experimental design should be refined
2) The assumption of equality of covariance matrices should be checked. For the assumption to
be true the univariate tests of equality of variances between groups should be met.
Soalan 2
Classroom A Classroom B Classroom C
Jawapan
Descriptive Statistics
Dependent Variable:score
classro ability session Mean Std. Deviation N
om
A weak morning 28.6000 7.40270 5
afternoon 24.8000 4.76445 5
Total 26.7000 6.20125 10
average morning 28.0000 4.69042 5
afternoon 21.2000 11.81948 5
Total 24.6000 9.20386 10
good morning 28.0000 5.61249 5
afternoon 23.6000 4.50555 5
Total 25.8000 5.32917 10
Total morning 28.2000 5.57033 15
afternoon 23.2000 7.38918 15
Total 25.7000 6.91400 30
B weak morning 16.8000 5.71839 5
afternoon 14.4000 6.65582 5
Total 15.6000 5.98517 10
average morning 23.0000 4.74342 5
afternoon 20.8000 4.43847 5
Total 21.9000 4.48330 10
good morning 26.8000 5.40370 5
afternoon 22.4000 6.69328 5
Total 24.6000 6.18601 10
Total morning 22.2000 6.50494 15
afternoon 19.2000 6.62463 15
Total 20.7000 6.62883 30
C weak morning 24.4000 4.72229 5
afternoon 19.4000 5.41295 5
Total 21.9000 5.46606 10
average morning 16.0000 5.61249 5
afternoon 13.6000 4.50555 5
Multiple Comparisons
score
LSD
(I) (J) Mean Difference Std. Error Sig. 95% Confidence Interval
classro classro (I-J) Lower Bound Upper Bound
om om
A B 5.0000* 1.50604 .001 1.9978 8.0022
*
C 5.4000 1.50604 .001 2.3978 8.4022
*
B A -5.0000 1.50604 .001 -8.0022 -1.9978
C .4000 1.50604 .791 -2.6022 3.4022
*
C A -5.4000 1.50604 .001 -8.4022 -2.3978
B -.4000 1.50604 .791 -3.4022 2.6022
Based on observed means.
The error term is Mean Square(Error) = 34.022.
*. The mean difference is significant at the .05 level.
Multiple Comparisons
score
LSD
(I) ability (J) ability Mean Difference Std. Error Sig. 95% Confidence Interval
(I-J) Lower Bound Upper Bound
weak average .9667 1.50604 .523 -2.0356 3.9689
*
good -3.4667 1.50604 .024 -6.4689 -.4644
average weak -.9667 1.50604 .523 -3.9689 2.0356
*
good -4.4333 1.50604 .004 -7.4356 -1.4311
*
good weak 3.4667 1.50604 .024 .4644 6.4689
*
average 4.4333 1.50604 .004 1.4311 7.4356
Based on observed means.
The error term is Mean Square(Error) = 34.022.
*. The mean difference is significant at the .05 level.
1. There is a significant difference among the classroom in the memory processes task.
Ramlan Nordin Jawapan Peperksaan Akhir Page 13
[PEPERIKSAAN STATISTIK 2] April 15, 2010
2. There is a significant difference among the level of abilities in the memory processes task.
3. There is a significant difference between the sessions in the memory processes task.
4. There is significant interaction between classroom and ability
5. There is no significant interaction between classroom and sessions
6. There is no significant interaction between ability and sessions
7. There is no significant interaction among classroom, ability and sessions
Since there is significant difference between the classrooms, post hoc test was conducted. From
table 2.3 we can conclude that
There is also significant difference between the abilities and post hoc test was also conducted.
From table 2.4 we can conclude that
1. There is no significant difference between weak ability and average ability with α>.05
2. There is significant difference between weak ability and good ability with α<.05
3. There is significant difference between average ability and good ability with α<.05
Soalan 3
A series of mathematics test was conducted to the 10 students during two different
situations, school days and school holiday. Mathematics score are summarized in the table
below:-
1. Describe and perform selected analysis and interpret accordingly. Justify your analysis
selection.
2. Is there any alternative analysis? Perform the analysis (if any) and explain your output
3. If student 7 absent during test 1 and test 4, what is your suggestion (s)?
Jawapan 3
Ramlan Nordin Jawapan Peperksaan Akhir Page 15
[PEPERIKSAAN STATISTIK 2] April 15, 2010
1. Analysis chosen for this data is one way repeated measure ANOVA. This analysis is selected
because the same students are being tested repeatedly and periodically.
From the table above, we can see that the value of α<.05, and show there is significant difference among
the test (test1, test2, test 3 and test 4 ), this will reject the H0 that there is no significant differences among
the four test.
Paired Differences
Pair 1 schooldaytest - schoolholidaytest 1.48000E1 3.44277 .76983 13.18874 16.41126 19.225 19 .000
From the table above we can see that the significant value is <.05, thus it shows there is significant difference between the test done at
school day and the test done at school holiday.
Thus, this finding rejects H0 that there is no significant difference between the test done at school day and the test done at school
holiday.
Y X1 X2 X3 X4 X5
6.1 22.8 43 23.8 9.2 6
7.1 28.7 55.3 24.8 12 10
7.4 29.7 48.5 23.9 10.4 5
6.3 18.3 38.8 16.6 9.8 4
6.5 21.1 46.2 19.6 9.8 5
5.7 21.2 39.9 21.4 7.7 6
6.6 22.2 43.1 20.7 10.9 7
8.1 22.3 48.5 21.8 9.5 5
6.3 21.8 40 20.6 11.6 7
6.9 31.2 56.7 25.2 11.6 9
Answer:
Coefficientsa
Standardized
Unstandardized Coefficients Coefficients
a. Dependent Variable: Y
Y= -.708-.117(X1)+.121(X2)+.168(X3)+.335(X4)-.383(X5)
b) Y = -.708-.117(12)+.121(39)+.168(21)+.335(10.2)-.383(5.5)
= 7.4455