Como plantar rcula

A rcula (Eruca sativa) uma planta anual cujas folhas so consumidas

cruas, cozidas ou refogadas, sendo utilizadas em diversos tipos de receitas
culinrias. Suas folhas tem um sabor picante e amargo, sendo que as folhas
mais jovens, ou as folhas colhidas de plantas cultivadas em um clima mais
frio, tendem a ser menos amargas e assim so consideradas como as mais
saborosas para consumo em saladas. As sementes tambm podem ser
consumidas, e so algumas vezes utilizadas no lugar das sementes de
mostarda.
Esta planta, na poca da colheita, atinge de 10 a 30 cm de altura,
dependendo da variedade cultivada e das condies de cultivo. Durante a
florao, pode chegar a atingir de 50 a 100 cm de altura.

Clima
A rcula uma hortalia que cresce melhor em um clima ameno, com
temperaturas em torno de 16 a 22C. Em temperaturas mais altas a planta
tem seu desenvolvimento prejudicado, florescendo precocemente. Alm
disso, quando cultivada em temperaturas elevadas, suas folhas tendem a ser
menos tenras e mais amargas. Embora suporte bem temperaturas prximas
de 0C, em regies com invernos rigorosos as plantas jovens podem
necessitar de proteo, como o cultivo em estufas agrcolas.

Luminosidade

No outono e inverno pode ser cultivada com sol direto o dia todo, mas no
vero pode ser melhor prover sombra parcial durante as horas mais quentes
do dia.

A
rcula cresce melhor em clima ameno e solo mido - imagem
original: soommen -

Solo
O solo deve ser bem drenado, frtil, rico em matria orgnica, com pH entre
6 e 7.

Irrigao
Irrigue com frequncia para que o solo seja mantido sempre mido, mas
sem que o solo permanea encharcado.

Mudas de rcula - imagem

original: Eliane Kobayakawa -

Plantio
Semeie as sementes diretamente no local definitivo, superficialmente ou a
uma profundidade no superior a 0,5 cm no solo. As sementes germinam
normalmente em 4 a 8 dias. Quando as plantas atingem cerca de 10 cm de
altura, o excesso de plantas pode ser colhido para que seja atingido um
espaamento adequado. Se for conveniente, as sementes tambm podem
ser semeadas em sementeiras, com as mudas sendo transplantadas assim
que estiverem grandes o suficiente para serem manuseadas.
O espaamento recomendado varia com a variedade cultivada, as condies
de cultivo e o estgio de desenvolvimento no qual as plantas sero colhidas,
podendo ser de 15 a 60 cm entre as linhas de cultivo e 10 a 30 cm entre as
plantas.

Tratos culturais
Retire as plantas invasoras que estiverem concorrendo por recursos e
nutrientes.

As folhas da
rcula podem ser colhidas individualmente sempre que necessrio, at que a
planta floresa - imagem original:woodleywonderworks -

Colheita
A colheita da rcula pode ser feita a partir de 20 a 65 dias, arrancando toda
a planta ou colhendo apenas as folhas bem desenvolvidas, de forma que a
colheita pode se estender por semanas. Em qualquer caso, a colheita deve
ser feita antes que a planta comece a florescer, pois neste estgio as folhas
geralmente se tornam muito amargas.
Rcula
De rpido crescimento e fcil cultivo em canteiros ou at
em caixotes, a hortalia no exige muita mo de obra e
tem consumo em expanso
Texto Joo Mathias
Consultor: Luis Felipe Villani Purquerio*

No todo mundo que gosta do sabor levemente 'ardido' da rcula. Mas

justamente essa caracterstica que fez a hortalia ganhar espao no

cardpio da populao brasileira e nos canteiros dos horticultores nacionais. No h grandes restries de local para
o seu cultivo, mas vai ter maiores vantagens comerciais quem implant-lo no entorno de grandes cidades. A
proximidade com os centros urbanos valiosa porque a h uma maior concentrao de restaurantes e pizzarias, os
principais compradores de rcula.
Planta originria da regio do Mediterrneo e conhecida desde a Antiguidade, a rcula servida crua em saladas e
como ingrediente de tortas, massas e sanduches. Ela tambm caiu na graa dos consumidores como cobertura de
pizza, combinada com tomates secos e muarela de bfala. Em feiras, supermercados e centrais de abastecimento,
a hortalia vendida em maos, mas tambm h a opo de compr-la limpa e embalada em grandes redes de
varejo.
De rpido crescimento e fcil cultivo em canteiros, a rcula uma tima opo para pequenos produtores. No exige
muita gua e adapta-se a diferentes regies, embora locais com temperaturas amenas sejam os mais indicados
para o seu cultivo. A melhor poca para se plantar no estado de So Paulo, uma das reas onde se concentra a
produo, vai de maro a julho. O uso de estufas agrcolas uma alternativa para viabilizar a produo nos perodos
de chuva durante o vero.
No Brasil, as variedades mais usadas da Eruca sativa Miller, nome cientfico da rcula, chamam-se folha larga e
cultivada. H ainda duas outras espcies dessa planta na famlia Brassicaceae, a mesma que abriga couve, couveflor, repolho e brcolis. De bordas lisas a recortadas, as folhas grandes e tenras da hortalia so fonte de vitamina C
e de ferro.
Para consumo prprio ou comercializao, a rcula pode ser plantada tanto em caixotes com 25 centmetros de
altura como em terrenos extensos. A hortalia prefere solos mdios, baixa acidez e alto teor de matria orgnica.

RAIO X
SOLO: de textura mdia, pouco cido e rico em matria orgnica
CLIMA: temperatura entre 15 e 18 graus
REA MNIMA: vasos e hortas caseiras
COLHEITA: 30 a 40 dias aps o plantio
CUSTO: 100 gramas de sementes so vendidos a R$ 10

MOS OBRA
INCIO - o cultivo de rcula feito por propagao por sementes.
Elas podem ser compradas em lojas especializadas na venda de produtos
agropecurios ou ainda em cooperativas. As sementes so encontradas
em envelopes ou latas de 50, 100 e 500 gramas.
PLANTIO - h dois mtodos: diretamente no canteiro definitivo ou em
bandejas; em ambos deve-se manter de 15 a 25 centmetros de
espaamento entre linhas. Na semeadura direta, usa-se apenas 0,2
grama de semente por metro linear. Em bandejas, o indicado usar, em
cada clula, de quatro a oito sementes, que germinaro entre trs e
quatro dias. Nas horas mais frescas do dia, faa o transplante assim que a
muda apresentar de trs a quatro folhas.
AMBIENTE - os locais de temperaturas amenas so os mais indicados
para o desenvolvimento da rcula. A hortalia apresenta bom crescimento
entre 15 e 18 graus, pois em faixas com temperaturas mais elevadas suas
Terrenos com risco de encharcamento
folhas ficam menores e com textura inadequada para comercializao.
favorecem surgimento de doenas na
Contudo, possvel o cultivo de rcula mesmo em locais quentes.
cultura
IRRIGAO - muita gua nos canteiros prejudica a hortalia, favorecendo
o surgimento de doenas. Por isso, bom evitar terrenos com risco de encharcamento. No entanto, importante
no descuidar da irrigao, regando a plantao todos os dias pela manh.
PRODUO - a hortalia est pronta para o consumo entre 30 e 40 dias aps o plantio. Evite passar desse prazo,
quando a rcula inicia o perodo reprodutivo e as folhas ficam mais fibrosas. A colheita feita preferencialmente
arrancando-se a planta inteira, com folhas e razes. Porm, pode-se apenas retirar as folhas para permitir nova
brotao. Nesse caso, elas devem ser cortadas acima da gema apical.

Rcula (Eruca sativus Mill)

Escrito por Eng. Agr. Mriam Stumpf

Nome Tcnico: Eruca sativus Mill.

Nomes Populares: Rcula
Famlia: Angiospermae Famlia Brassicaceae
Origem: Originrio da regio do Mediterraneo, Europa.

Rcula (Eruca sativus Mill) Descrio:

Foto por Mriam Stumpf

Planta herbcea, tambm conhecida como mostarda persa, tem folhas lisas de 12 a
16 cm de comprimento, macias, perfumadas e de sabor amargo.
Seus brotos so comestveis e muito saborosos.
Seu ciclo de 40 dias no vero e 60 dias nos meses de inverno e a melhor poca para
sul e sudeste pode ser, conforme a regio o ano todo ou de abril a junho.

Nas demais regies de fevereiro a novembro.

Rcula (Eruca sativus Mill) Modo de Cultivo

uma planta exigente em gua e em fertilidade do solo.
Para produes comerciais recomendada a anlise do solo de cultivo para a devida
correo de acidez e de nutrientes antes do plantio.
Para cultivos domsticos poder ser colocado adubo animal de gado, cerca de 4 a 6
kg/ m.
Se a opo for adubo de aves, a quantidade fica em entre 1 e 1,5 kg/ m.
O pH da cultura dado como de 5,5, ento se houver diferenas mostradas na anlise
de solos ser preciso tambm acrescentar calcrio.
Incorporar bem na terra do canteiro, regar e aguardar alguns dias antes de semear.

- SEMEADURA:

Rcula (Eruca sativus Mill) em vaso

A semeadura poder ser feita diretamente, em sulcos na terra do canteiro, na

profundidade de 0,5 cm, com espaamento de 20 cm entre linhas e 15 cm entre
plantas.
Colocar 2 a 3 sementes por cova.
Fechar com terra peneirada e regar com jato fino para no desplantar as sementes.
Regar todos os dias.

Aps 15 dias, as plantas j emergiram e possvel fazer o desbaste, deixando

somente 1 planta por cova.

- REGAS
Regar todos os dias at atingirem 10 cm de comprimento, quando ento poder passar
a regar uma vez a cada dois dias, se o clima da regio for de mdia a alta umidade.

- COLHEITA:

A primeira colheita poder ocorrer no perodo

de 52 dias aps a semeadura.
Como a planta tem fcil rebrote, uma segunda colheita poder ser feita cerca de 35
dias depois.
Para cultivos em horta domstica, poderemos obter folhas para a salada por
longo tempo, basta colher apenas as maiores na parte externa, cortando quase
junto ao talo.

Pragas
As pragas desta cultura so a lagarta mede-palmo e pulges, que na horta domstica
podero ser combatidos com sucos de plantas repelentes.
A receita simples, mas d certo: fazer uma suco com um punhado de folhas de
tomateiro, 2 pimentas dedo-de-moa vermelhas e 2 dentes de alho.
Bater no liquidificador, coar e por no aspersor, borrifando todas as plantas atacadas por
insetos mastigadores.

O suco no mata o inseto, mas ele ser afugentado.

Assim, no usamos na horta nenhum veneno que poder afetar nossa sade.

Por Marina Martinez

A rcula, cujo nome cientfico Eruca sativa, uma planta herbcea, anual, de pequeno porte,
pertencente famliaBrassicaceae da qual esto inclusas mais de trs mil espcies, entre elas
o repolho, o nabo e a couve. Nativa do mediterrneo e introduzida no Brasil com a chegada
dos imigrantes italianos, a rcula tem sido cultivada por conter folhas comestveis de sabor picante
caracterstico, muito apreciadas por serem nutritivas e saborosas. Estas folhas, que possuem forma
alongada, podem ser encontradas em tons que variam do verde-claro ao verde-escuro, sendo
consumidas em vrias partes do mundo cruas em saladas, como tambm refogadas, cozidas e como
ingrediente de vrias receitas.
Reino: Plantae
Diviso: Magnoliophyta
Classe: Magnoliopsida
Ordem: Brassicales
Famlia: Brassicaceae
Gnero: Eruca
Espcie: E. Sativa
As folhas de rcula possuem um perfil nutricional bastante atrativo. Elas so ricas em vitamina A, C,
fibras, protenas, e minerais como o potssio, ferro e enxofre. Por conter pouqussimas calorias (uma
xcara contm cerca de 10 kcal), a rcula pode estar presente em dietas de emagrecimento. Alm
disto, as folhas so antianmicas, antiasmticas, antiescorbticas, depurativas, digestivas, diurticas e
aperientes. No entanto, no devem ser consumidas em excesso, pois neste caso as folhas causam
enjos e vmitos.
Cultivada no jardim de casa ou comprada no supermercado importante antes de consumir as folhas
de rcula, lav-las devidamente para remover todas as sujeiras, como tambm os possveis parasitas
impregnados que podem causar srios danos a sade. Sob refrigerao a rcula pode ser armazenada
em no mximo quatro dias, sendo recomendado guard-las em sacos plsticos contendo furos. Em
condies ambientes ela deve ser consumida em no mximo um dia, desde que a parte de baixo da
hortalia esteja mergulhada na gua.

Planta de fcil cultivo e adaptada a climas amenos, onde as temperaturas estejam em torno de 15 a
20 graus Celsius, as rculas se desenvolvem bem o ano todo. No entanto, necessitam de solos bem
drenados, ricos em matria orgnica, frteis e com acidez baixa. A produo de rcula no Brasil se
concentra principalmente nas regies Sul e Sudeste, e a espcie mais cultivada a Eruca sativa Miller.
Assim como qualquer outra planta, a rcula tambm esta exposta aos ataques de vrias pragas
agrcolas. Das pragas mais comuns que atacam as rculas, podemos destacar a lagarta-da-couve, a
lagarta-rosca, a lagarta mede-palmo, a traa-das-folhas e os pulges. Vrias doenas como a
ferrugem branca das folhas, a mancha de Cercospora, a mancha de Alternaria, a mancha de Septoria,
a podrido Mole e a Fusariose, podem estar presentes nas rculas quando cultivadas erroneamente ou
devido a fatores externos.
Fontes:
http://globoruraltv.globo.com/GRural/0,27062,LTP0-4373-1-L-R,00.html
http://www.agrov.com/vegetais/hortalicas/rucula.htm
http://www.plantamed.com.br/plantaservas/especies/Eruca_sativa.htm

O foguete
Um pouco de histria | propriedades nutricionais | Um pouco de botnica
Variedades | Como crescer | Associaes | Doenas e Problemas

Um pouco de histria
nativa da planta regio do
Mediterrneo. Conhecido e cultivado desde os
tempos antigos, no tempo dos romanos. Pode ser
encontrada naturalmente em estradas e nos

O foguete nativa da regio mediterrnea

campos. H muito esquecido, mas h alguns anos

se torna moda restaurantes saladas e fcil de
encontrar nos supermercados.

Propriedades nutricionais
Ela rica em potssio e vitamina C. Voc vai assumir propriedades digestivas.
Normalmente, as folhas so consumidos frescos, mas tambm pode consumir
flores. Tem um sabor muito caracterstico ligeiramente amargo, o que d um toque
especial a saladas.

Um pouco de botnica
da famlia das crucferas, como repolho, rabanete e nabo. Seu nome cientfico
Eruca vesicaria. Eruca vesicaria significa hastes curtas e refere-se forma da folha
de bexiga. Ele tambm conhecido pelo nome de eruga ou cabana.
uma planta anual. Faz uma roseta de folhas com margem irregular e emite a flor
tpica da famlia das crucferas, com quatro ptalas brancas. Ela pode ser
encontrada naturalmente nas beiras de estradas e nos campos.

a partir da mesma
famlia que o rabanete

Variedades
Existem variedades de rcula, apenas uma distino entre cultivadas e selvagens
rcula rcula ter folhas maiores.

A flor tambm
comestvel

Como crescer
uma espcie que cresce bem em temeraturas moles. O excesso de calor e sol
causar um sabor excessivamente amargo. Portanto, a melhor estao de
crescimento incio da primavera. tambm possvel que cresa ainda mais no
vero ou no outono.
Semeadas em separado cerca de 15 cm. A colheita comea a partir de 4-6 semanas
aps a semeadura e contnua at a florao. Apesar de no ser muito comum, a
flor comestvel e tem o tempero caracterstico da lmina, mas com maior
intensidade.

uma cultura que bem

adequado para o Jardim
Urbano

uma planta de ciclo curto no muito exigente em nutrientes. Portanto,

relativamente fcil de crescer no jardim urbano.

Associaes de culturas
Como uma planta de ciclo curto tolera sombra e pode ser explorado para associar
com outras plantas mais longas, como tomate, pimento ou ciclo de berinjela.
prefervel evitar plantas da mesma famlia do repolho, rabanete ou nabo.

Voc pode associar

conplantas mais como
alface ou ciclo de
cebola.

Doenas e condies

Garden Rocket
Eruca vesicaria sativa
Mustard family (Brassicaceae)
Description: Initially, this annual plant forms a rosette of basal leaves up to 8" across.
Later during the summer, it bolts and become -3' tall, branching occasionally. The
basal leaves are up to 4" long and 1" across; they are pinnatifid-oblanceolate with
several small lateral lobes and a larger terminal lobe. The leaf margins are smooth,
undulate, or dentate. The basal leaves taper into broad petioles. Lower alternate leaves
along the stems are similar to the basal leaves, but more irregular in shape. Upper
alternate leaves are smaller in size and less lobed than the preceding types of leaves;
sometimes they are dentate, lacking lobes altogether. Upper alternate leaves are also
sessile, or nearly so. Both basal and alternate leaves are medium green (tending
toward olive green) and glabrous, or nearly so. Sometimes fine hairs occur along their
central veins and margins.

The upper stems terminate in racemes of flowers up to 6" long. The flowers bloom
toward the apex of each raceme, while narrow seedpods (siliques) develop below.
Each flower spans about " across, consisting of 4 widely spreading petals, 4 narrow
sepals, 6 stamens, and a pistil with a single style. The petals are are white with

conspicuous veins that are purple or brown; they are oblanceolate to obovate in shape.
The sepals are medium green (or olive green) to purple and linear-oblong in shape;
they are often hairy. The blooming period usually occurs during the summer for 1-2
months. The flowers are replaced by cylindrical seedpods that become -1" long at
maturity. Relative to the central axis of the raceme, they are held erect. The pedicels
of the seedpods are rather short, but stout, curving upward; they are about " in
length. The seedpods terminate in prominent flattened beaks; their exteriors are
hairless. Each seedpod contains 2 rows of seeds. Individual seeds are about 2 mm. in
length. The root system consists of a short taproot.
Cultivation: The preference is full sun, mesic to dry-mesic conditions, and fertile
loam, although other soil types are tolerated.

Range & Habitat: The introduced Garden Rocket rarely naturalizes in Illinois. So
far, naturalized plants have been collected only in Peoria County (see Distribution
Map). It has also naturalized in other states. Garden Rocket was introduced into the
United States from the Mediterranean area of Europe as a salad vegetable. It may have
been introduced even earlier as a contaminant of imported grain. Habitats of
naturalized plants include cropland, fallow fields, roadsides, areas along railroads, and
areas around vegetable gardens where this plant is cultivated. Disturbed areas with
exposed soil are preferred.

Faunal Associations: The flowers are cross-pollinated by bees and possibly other
insects. Two flea beetles, Phyllotreta cruciferae and Phyllotreta striolata, are known
to feed on Garden Rocket. Because its foliage is quite peppery from the presence of
mustard oils, this plant is probably eaten by mammalian herbivores only when little
else is available.

Photographic Location: A vegetable garden at Meadowbrook Park in Urbana,

Illinois.
Comments: Because of the dark veins on the petals, the flowers of Garden Rocket are
quite distinct in appearance, and they are rather large in size for species in the Mustard
family. On this basis alone, Garden Rocket can be distinguished from similar plants in
Illinois. The cylindrical seedpods (siliques) of Garden Rocket are also rather unusual
in having prominent flattened beaks. Other common names of this plant include
Rocket, Roquette, Salad Rocket, and Arugula. A scientific synonym is Eruca sativa.
This plant is still cultivated in North America as a salad vegetable, where it is used in
fresh mixed greens. The leaves impart a flavor that is spicy and peppery, and they
have relatively high levels of Vitamin C and potassium.

Rocket
Eruca sativa

Overview

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Rocket is part of the Eruca genus and its scientific name is Eruca sativa.
The sativa part of this plant's botanical name means 'having been cultivated'.
A compact, dark green plant grown for its strongly-flavored, peppery leaves. A
member of the mustard family, arugula boasts a continental lineage and is
equally well known by its Italian derived name (from ruca or rucula) and by its
French appellation, roquette.
Arugula can be eaten raw in salad or cooked (braised) like spinach. When it
bolts, taste that leaves and see if you like them they are more strongly
flavored than younger leaves, but many people enjoy them. The flowers are also
edible.
The leaves of this particular variety normally show as Bright green and La
Salle Green colour. A type of flowering edible vegetable / herb, it mainly grows
as an annualplant - which means it typically only grows best for a single growing
season. Rocket normally grows with a forb habit to a mature height of 30.0
cm (that's 11.7 inches imperial). Expect harvests to start to occur in late
spring. Wild, Rucola Coltivata, Apollo,sylvetta and Astro are some of the most
popular varieties of Rocket for home gardeners to grow.
Rocket is great for inexperienced gardeners and those that like low maintainance
gardens.
This plant info is provided by the myfolia gardener's wiki. All details about Rocket have
been kindly provided by our members.

How to grow Rocket

Partial Sun

Medium

Rocket grows best in cool, moist conditions. Fall and spring are perfect. It needs
a lot of water. If you are careful, you can clip leaves from the outside of the plant
and allow it to keep growing just make sure to not disturb the roots. In hot
weather, it may bolt, but dont worry, the flowers taste great!
Harvest when leaves are 3 to 4 inches long either by pulling the entire plants or
by breaking off individual leaves. If you cut a plant off at soil line, rather than
pulling it, it will resprout.

Rocket likes a position of partial sun and remember to water moderately. Keep
in mind when planting that Rocket is thought of as half hardy, so it will need
cloching or fleece protection when the temperature dips.
See our list of companion Plants for Rocket to see which plants you should plant
in close proximity to encourage growth.
Growing Rocket from seed
May be Winter Sown best under glass, in the cold frame or greenhouse
Sow direct, and repeat in two to three weekly intervals to have fresh leaves
through the summer
Look to ensure a distance 0.98 inches (2.5 cm) between seeds when sowing bury at a depth of at least 0.39 inches (1.0 cm) deep. Soil temperature should be
kept higher than10C / 50F to ensure good germination.
By our calculations*, you should look at sowing Rocket about 21 days
before your last frost date .
Transplanting Rocket
Choose a bright sunny spot
Can be a catch crop(sow in between a slower growing main crop)
Protect with fleece, if slugs,are a problem, or it is a little cold or too hot
Ensure that temperatures are mild (minimum night temperatures should be
around 10C / 50F) and all chance of frost has passed before planting out, as
Rocket is a half hardy plant.
Harvesting Rocket
Cut Leaves off at soil level when 2" 4" long. Leaves will regrow. Leaves are
sweeter when young.
Two or three cuttings are possible with re-growth in between, then pull up and
start again.
Seed Saving Rocket
Seed viability is three to four years.
Common Rocket problems

These problems, diseases and pests are known to affect Rocket plants:
Slugs

Rocket Etymology
Arugula boasts a continental lineage and is equally well known by its Italian
derived name (from ruca or rucula) and by its French appellation, roquette.
Rocket Folklore & Trivia
By one account, its seeds were first brought to North America in 1631 by the son
of the Puritan leader John Winthrop, a curious beginning given the plants
contemporary association with the upscale nouvelle cuisine.
(Taken from the book Salad Gardens by Karan Davis Cutler)
Other names for Rocket
Arugula, Rucola, Rcula roqueta
Misspellings: Argula
Rocket care instructions

CategoryThe lifecycle that this Rocket exhibits.

AnnualDifficultyHow easy is Rocket to grow?Very

easy 1/5

LifecycleThe lifecycle that this Rocket exhibits.

grow into?

AnnualGrowth HabitWhat shape or habit does Rocket

Forb

HardinessHow frost hardy is Rocket?

Half HardyCountry of OriginWhere did Rocket come from?

Help build our wiki!

Mature HeightHow tall does Rocket grow?

does Rocket grow?Help

30.0 cm / 11.7 inchesMature SpreadHow wide

build our wiki!

topH RangeThe level of acidity for Rocket.Water RequirementsHow much water does Rocket require?MediumNitrogen RequirementsHow
much nitrogen fertilizer does Rocket need?Medium
SoilWhat sort of soil should I plant Rocket in?Loam / Clay / Potting MixSunHow much
sunlight does Rocket need to grow?Partial Sun
USDA Zone RangeWhich zones does Rocket grow best in?

Can Sow Direct?Can Rocket be sown directly?

YesSowing DepthHow deep to plant Rocket?1.0

cm / 0.39 inches

2.5 cm / 0.98 inchesSowing Row

Distance ApartHow far apart to plant rows of Rocket?20.0 cm / 7.8 inches

Ideal Germination Temperature RangeWhat temperatures does Rocket need in order to germinate?

Sowing Distance ApartHow far apart to plant Rocket?

10C / 50F to 15C / 59FGrowing TemperaturesWhat temperatures are best to grow

Rocket in?10C / 50F to 25C / 77F

Planting Distance ApartHow far apart to plant Rocket seedlings.Help

build our wiki!Planting

Row Distance ApartHow far apart to plant rows of Rocket seedlings.Help build our wiki!
Bloom TimeWhen will Rocket bloom?Help build our wiki!Harvest TimeWhen is Rocket ready
for harvest?

Late Spring

Pruning TimeWhen should I prune Rocket?

Late Spring

How long does Rocket take to grow?

These estimates for how long Rocket takes to sprout, grow and harvest are from
real observations from real gardeners, right around the world. Start logging and
journaling your observations to participate!

Days to GerminationHow long does it take Rocket to germinate?

days | Max 19 days (

316)

Days to TransplantHow long until I can plant out Rocket?

days | Max 58 days (

+ 16 days Average 16 days | Min 4

15)

Days to MaturityHow long until Rocket is ready for harvest / bloom?

Min 1 days | Max 87 days (

6 days Average 6 days | Min 1

+ 41 days Average 41 days |

38)

Total Growing DaysHow long does it take to grow Rocket?

= 63 days

J Agric Food Chem. 2009 Jun 24;57(12):5227-34. doi: 10.1021/jf9002973.

Analysis of phytochemical composition and chemoprotective

capacity of rocket (Eruca sativa and Diplotaxis tenuifolia) leafy
salad following cultivation in different environments.
Jin J1, Koroleva OA, Gibson T, Swanston J, Magan J, Zhang Y, Rowland IR, Wagstaff C.
Author information
Abstract
Consumption of green leafy vegetables is associated with reduced risk of several types of cancer and
cardiovascular disease. These beneficial effects are attributed to a range of phytochemicals including
flavonoids and glucosinolates, both of which are found in high levels in Brassicaceous crops. Rocket is
the general name attributed to cultivars of Eruca sativa and Diplotaxis tenufolia, known as salad rocket
and wild rocket, respectively. We have shown that different light levels during the cultivation period of
these crops have a significant impact on the levels of flavonoids present in the crop at harvest, with over

15-fold increase achieved in quercetin, isorhamnetin, and cyanidin in high light conditions. Postharvest
storage further affects the levels of both flavonoids and glucosinolates, with cyanidin increasing during
shelf life and some glucosinolates, such as glucoiberverin, being reduced over the same storage period.
In vitro assays using human colon cell lines demonstrate that glucosinolate-rich extracts of Eruca sativa
cv. Sky, but not Diplotaxis tenufolia cv. Voyager, confer significant resistance to oxidative stress on the
cells, which is indicative of the chemoprotective properties of the leaves from this species. Our findings
indicate that both pre and postharvest environment and genotypic selection, when developing new lines
of Brassicaceous vegetables, are important considerations with the goal of improving human nutrition and
health.

Eruca vesicaria sativa - (Mill.)Thell.

Common
Name
Family

Rocket
Brassicaceae or Cruciferae

Synonyms

E. sativa. Mill. E. vesicaria.

Brassica eruca.

Known
Hazards

None known

Habitats

Waste ground, fields, olive groves,

stony hills, tracksides etc[89].

Range

Europe - Mediterranean. A
frequent casual in Britain,
occasionally becoming established
for a while.

http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/User:Retama

Edibility
Rating
Medicinal
Rating
Care
Summary

Physical Characteristics
SDA-NRCS PLANTS Database / Britton, N.L., and A.
Brown. 1913. Illustrated flora of the northern states and
Canada. Vol. 2: 192.

Eruca vesicaria sativa is a ANNUAL growing to 0.6 m (2ft) by

0.3 m (1ft in) at a fast rate.
It is hardy to zone (UK) 7 and is not frost tender. It is in leaf
12-Jan It is in flower from May to August, and the seeds
ripen from Jul to September. The flowers are hermaphrodite
(have both male and female organs) and are pollinated by
Insects.
USDA hardiness zone : 6-9

Suitable for: light (sandy), medium (loamy) and heavy (clay)

soils and prefers well-drained soil. Suitable pH: acid, neutral
and basic (alkaline) soils. It can grow in semi-shade (light
woodland) or no shade. It prefers dry or moist soil and can
tolerate drought. The plant can tolerates strong winds but not
maritime exposure.

Habitats
Woodland Garden Sunny Edge; Cultivated Beds;

Edible Uses
Edible Parts: Flowers; Leaves; Oil; Oil.
Edible Uses: Condiment; Oil; Oil.
Young leaves - raw or cooked[2, 27, 33, 34, 74]. A distinct strongly spicy flavour[183], the taste is best from fast,
well-grown plants[200]. A few leaves added to a salad are acceptable though the flavour is too strong for many
tastes[K]. Some people really like these leaves though most are not very keen[K]. Older leaves that have
become too hot to eat on their own can be pureed and added to soups etc[183]. In the milder areas of Britain it
is possible to produce edible leaves all year round from successional sowings, especially if the winter crop is
given some protection[K]. Flowers - raw[52}. A similar taste to the leaves, they make a nice garnish on the salad
bowl[183]. The seed yields a semi-drying oil[1, 2, 74] which is edible if stored 6 months[61, 114] and is a
substitute for rapeseed oil[34]. It contains 32% fat, 27% protein[114]. It is known as 'jamba oil'[183]. A mustard
is obtained from the seed[46, 74, 183], the strong flavour comes from an essential oil that is contained within
the oil of the seed[114]. The pungency of mustard develops when cold water is added to the ground-up seed an enzyme (myrosin) acts on a glycoside (sinigrin) to produce a sulphur compound. The reaction takes 10 - 15
minutes. Mixing with hot water or vinegar, or adding salt, inhibits the enzyme and produces a mild bitter
mustard[238].

Medicinal Uses
Plants For A Future can not take any responsibility for any adverse effects from the use of plants. Always seek advice
from a professional before using a plant medicinally.
Antibacterial; Antiscorbutic; Aphrodisiac; Diuretic; Rubefacient; Stimulant; Stomachic.
Rocket was at one time used medicinally, though it is now used only as a salad herb[238]. The leaves are
antiscorbutic, diuretic, stimulant and stomachic[4, 46]. The seed is rubefacient and stimulant[4, 46]. The powdered

seed possesses antibacterial activity, but no alkaloids have been isolated[240]. The oil from the seed is said to have
aphrodisiac properties[264].

Other Uses
Oil; Oil.
The seed yields a semi-drying oil which is a substitute for rapeseed oil[46]. It can also be used for lighting,
burning with very little soot[114].
Registro completo

A comparative study of flavonoid compounds, vitamin C, and

antioxidant properties of baby leaf Brassicaceae species.
Martnez-Snchez A1, Gil-Izquierdo A, Gil MI, Ferreres F.
Author information
Abstract
A comparative study of antioxidant compounds, flavonoids and vitamin C, and also antioxidant activity
was carried out in four species of Brassicaceae vegetables used for salads: watercress ( Nasturtium
officinale R. Br.), mizuna [ Brassica rapa L. subsp. nipposinica (L.H. Bailey) Haneltand], wild rocket
[ Diplotaxis tenuifolia (L.) DC.], and salad rocket [ Eruca vesicaria (L.) Cav.]. The characterization of
individual phenolic compounds by HPLC-DAD-MS/MS-ESI in watercress and mizuna completes the
polyphenol study previously reported for wild rocket and salad rocket. The qualitative study of flavonoids
in watercress leaves showed a characteristic glycosylation pattern with rhamnose at the 7 position.
Isorhamnetin 3,7-di- O-glucoside was identified in mizuna leaves and may be considered a
chemotaxonomical marker in some B. rapa subspecies. Brassicaceae species showed differences in the
quantitative study of flavonoids, and the highest content was detected in watercress leaves. Watercress
and wild rocket leaves had the highest content of vitamin C. The antioxidant activity evaluated by different
methods (ABTS, DPPH, and FRAP assays) showed a high correlation level with the content of
polyphenols and vitamin C. In conclusion, the Brassicaceae leaves studied, watercress, mizuna, wild
rocket, and salad rocket, presented a large variability in the composition and content of antioxidant
compounds. These baby leaf species are good dietary sources of antioxidants with an important
variability of bioactive compounds.