Name: Suman Fatima

Reg No: 33451

ASSIGNMENT # 4
NETWORK DEVICES

NETWORK
In information technology, a network is a series of points or nodes interconnected
by communication paths. Networks can interconnect with other networks and
contain sub networks.

NETWORK CLASSIFICATION
Local area network (LAN)
LAN is a group of the computers placed in the same room, same floor, or the same
building so they are connected with each other to form a single network to share
their resources such as disk drives, data, CPU.
Metropolitan Area network (MAN)
The metropolitan area network is a large computer network that expands a
Metropolitan area or campus. Its geographic area between a WAN and LAN. It
expands round 50km devices used are modem and wire/cable.
Wide area Network (WAN)
The wide area network is a network which connects the countries, cities or the
continents, it is a public communications links.

COMPUTER NETWORK
A computer network is a system in which multiple computers are connected to each
other to share information and resources.

Name: Suman Fatima

Reg No: 33451

NETWORK DEVICES
Network devices are components used to connect computers or other electronic
devices together so that they can share files or resources like printers or fax
machines.

TYPES OF NETWORK DEVICES

The Network devices are playing an important role in Network Communication, each
device has different role.

Router
A router is a type of device which acts as the central point among
computers and other devices that are part of a network. The router
is the workhorse of the internet. A router works like a traffic light
between networks enabling the flow of data between them.
Without routers there would be no Internet. You could connect a
few computers together in a building, but not much beyond that.

Hub
A hub is a device that simply spits out data it receives on
one interface to all its other interfaces. So, if a packet of
data arrives on interface 1 of an 8 port hub, the hub will
blindly copy that data out the interfaces 2 through 8.

Bridges
A bridge is a computer networking device that builds the
connection with the other bridge networks which use the
same protocol. It connects the different networks together
and develops communication between them. A bridge is
used to join two network segments together, it allows
computers on either segment to access resources on the
other. They can also be used to divide large networks into
smaller segments.

Name: Suman Fatima

Reg No: 33451
Switch
A switch is the device that is most likely on the other
side of the cable your computer is plugged into. In
many respects it is the same as a hub, though it is
different in one key way. A switch only repeats traffic
out ports it needs to rather than out all of its ports. So,
simultaneous data transfer is possible in a switch.

Repeater
A repeater is a device similar to the Hub, but has additional
features. The repeaters are necessary since, during the
transmission of the signals over long distances, the signal
has attenuation, delay distortions and noise, which lead in
loss of data. One common problem between the repeaters
and the Hubs are that only one transmission can take place
on the network at a particular time. If multiple devices
transmit data simultaneously, there will be data collision.

Brouter
Brouters are a combination of router and bridge. This
is a special type of equipment used for networks that
can be either bridged or routed, based on the
protocols being forwarded.

Name: Suman Fatima

Reg No: 33451
Gateway
Gateway is a device which is used to connect multiple
networks and passes packets from one packet to the other
network. It allows the computer programs, either on the
same computer or on different computers to share
information across the network through protocols. A router
is also a gateway, since it interprets data from one
network protocol to another.

Modem
Modem is a device that turns the digital 1s and 0s of a
personal computer into sounds that can be
transmitted over the telephone lines of Plain Old
Telephone Systems, and once received on the other
side, converts those sounds back into a form used by
USB, network connection.

Network Card
Network cards also known as Network Interface Cards
(NICs) are hardware devices that connect a computer
with the network. They are installed on the motherboard.
They are responsible for developing a physical
connection between the network and the computer.
Computer data is translated into electrical signals send to the network via Network
Interface Cards.

Name: Suman Fatima

Reg No: 33451
ISDN (Integrated Services Digital Network)
Integrated Services Digital Network adapters can be
used to send voice, data, audio, or video over standard
telephone cabling. The accessibility of ISDN depends
upon the provision of the service by the service provider,
the quality of the line set up to your area. It surely
provides higher speed than a modem and has the
capability to pick up the line and drop it considerably at
a faster rate. ISDN can create numerous communication
routes on a single line.

Links:
http://www.computernetworkbasics.com/2013/07/introduction-to-5common-network-devices/
http://www.wisegeek.com/what-are-network-devices.htm
http://computernetworkingnotes.com/comptia-n-plus-study-guide/networkdevices-hub-switch-router.html