1. Which type of molecule is the end product of translation?

a. amino acid
b. DNA
c. mRNA
d. polypeptide
2. RNA is extracted from cells in the pancreas. It is used to make DNA
coding for human insulin. Which enzyme is used to make the DNA?
a. DNA ligase
b. restriction enzyme
c. reverse transcriptase
d. RNA polymerase
3. A peptide consists of ten amino acids of four different kinds.
What is the theoretical minimum number of tRNA molecules required to
translate the mRNA for this peptide?
a. 4
b. 10
c. 12
d. 30
4. During the development of the AIDS virus, a long polypeptide is
hydrolysed by a protease enzyme, producing several smaller peptides.
This viral enzyme is the target of new anti-AIDS drugs. Which feature is
essential for the success of these drugs?
a. a complex structure that inhibits many types of viral enzyme
b. a molecule containing a heavy metal atom that is a non-competitive
inhibitor of enzymes
c. a protein that can act as a competitive inhibitor of protease
enzymes
d. a specific structure that inhibits only viral protease
5. A metabolic pathway is

What would be the effect of adding a small amount of a non-competitive

inhibitor of enzyme 2?
a. Enzyme 2 would be partially denatured.
b. Substance X would increase in concentration.
c. Substance Y would no longer be formed.
d. The initial reactant would no longer be metabolised.
6. Which statement describes events during interphase of mitosis?
a. Chromosomes start to coil, becoming shorter and fatter.
b. Chromosomes line up on the equator of the spindle.
c. Chromatids are pulled apart by spindle fibres.
d. Chromosomes are replicated ready for the next division.
7. Which statement about the strands of a newly replicated DNA molecule is
correct?
a. Both strands are made up of newly assembled nucleotides.
b. Both strands contain some nucleotides from the original molecule.
c. One strand is new and the other is part of the original molecule.

d. The sugar-phosphate chains are conserved and new bases are

inserted between them.

8. A polypeptide molecule contains the amino acid sequence, glycine

leucine lysine valine.
The table shows the DNA codes for these amino acids.

Transfer RNA molecules with which anticodons are needed for the
synthesis of this polypeptide?
a. CCC GAA TTT CAA
b. CCC GAA UUU CAA
c. GGG CUU AAA GUU
d. GGG CUU UUU GUU
9. A protein contains all the common amino acids.
What would be the hypothetical minimum number of types of tRNA
molecules needed for the synthesis of this protein?
a. 3
b4
c 20 d 64
10.The diagram shows part of a DNA molecule.

Which letters indicate cytosine, deoxyribose, phosphate and thymine?

11.Which types of bonds hold the tertiary structure of a protein molecule?

12.During which process does mitosis occur?

a. the production of antibodies from B-lymphocyte memory cells
b. the production of cancerous tissue in alveoli
c. the production of mucus from goblet cells
d. the production of plaques in atherosclerosis
13.What
a.
b.
c.
d.

happens to chromosomes in prophase of mitosis?

They are formed by replication of DNA.
They attach to the spindle fibres.
They divide to form chromatids.
They shorten and become visible.

14.The diagram shows the chromosomes of one cell which has been
squashed during mitosis.

Which stage of mitosis is shown and what is the haploid chromosome

number in this species?

15.The table shows the percentages of bases in DNA from various types of
cell.

What is a valid deduction from these data?

a. DNA occurs in about the same amounts in all cells from the same
species.
b. Minute differences in DNA from different cells have large effects.
c. The four bases show complementary base pairing.
d. The structure of DNA is similar in both yeast and animal cells.
16.Which statement correctly describes the transcription of DNA?
a. It is a semi-conservative process.
b. It occurs at the surface of the ribosome.
c. It produces messenger RNA.
d. It produces polypeptides.
17.One of the codons for the amino acid phenylalanine is UUC. Which
diagram shows how the tRNA carrying phenylalanine pairs with the
corresponding section of mRNA?

18.Which cell activity must occur before prophase of mitosis can begin?
a. breakdown of the nuclear envelope
b. increased production of mRNA
c. migration of centrioles to opposite poles
d. replication of DNA
19.The diagram shows the mitotic cell cycle. When radioactive nucleotides
are supplied to dividing cells, at which point will they be incorporated into
the chromosomes?

20.The diagram shows part of a DNA molecule. Which part is a nucleotide?