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OBJECTIVES
Determine
the
effect
of
body
position
on
heart
rates.
Determine
the
effect
of
exercise
on
heart
rates
and
blood
pressure.
Compare
changes
in
systolic
and
arterial
pressures
with
exercise.
Use
blood
pressure
readings
and
pulse
to
infer
changes
in
cardiac
output
and
peripheral
vascular
resistance
with
exercise.
Correlate
the
fitness
level
and
resting
blood
pressure
of
individuals
with
factors
such
as
smoking,
the
amount
of
daily
exercise,
and
other
factors
identified
by
students.
PART
1:
Heart
Rate
MATERIALS
computer
Vernier
computer
interface
Hand-Grip
Heart
Rate
Monitor
PROCEDURE
1. Each
person
in
a
lab
group
will
take
turns
being
the
subject
and
the
tester.
2. The
receiver
and
one
of
the
handles
are
marked
with
a
white
alignment
arrow
as
shown
in
Figure
2.
Have
the
subject
grasp
the
handles
of
the
Hand-Grip
Heart
Rate
Monitor
so
that
their
fingers
are
in
the
reference
areas
indicated
in
Figure
2.
Hold
the
handles
vertically.
3. Have
someone
else
hold
the
receiver
near
the
handles
so
that
the
two
alignment
arrows
are
pointing
in
the
same
direction
and
are
at
approximately
the
same
height
as
shown
in
Figure
2.
Note:
The
receiver
must
stay
within
60
cm
of
the
handles
during
data
collection.
4. Prepare
the
computer
for
data
collection
by
opening
the
file
27
Heart
Rate
&
Fitness
from
the
Biology
with
Vernier
folder
of
LoggerPro.
5. Click
COLLECT
to
begin
monitoring
heart
rate.
Note
that
there
may
be
up
to
a
30
second
delay
before
data
are
seen.
6. Determine
that
the
sensor
is
functioning
correctly.
The
readings
should
be
within
the
normal
range
of
the
individual,
usually
between
55
and
80
beats
per
minute.
Click
STOP
when
you
have
determined
that
the
equipment
is
operating
properly.
Standing
heart
rate
7. Click
to
begin
monitoring
heart
rate.
Stand
upright
for
2
minutes.
8. Use
the
resulting
heart
rate
to
assign
fitness
points
based
on
Table
1
and
record
the
values
in
Table
6.
Heart
rate
change
from
reclining
to
standing
11.
Stand
up
next
to
the
lab
table.
12. Immediately
record
the
peak
heart
rate
in
Table
6.
13. Subtract
the
reclining
rate
value
in
Step
10
from
the
peak
heart
rate
after
standing
to
find
the
heart
rate
increase
after
standing.
14. Locate
the
row
corresponding
to
the
reclining
heart
rate
from
Step
10
in
Table
3.
15. Use
the
calculated
heart
rate
increase
after
standing
(from
Step
14)
to
locate
the
proper
column
for
fitness
points
in
Table
3.
Record
the
fitness
points
in
Table
6.
16. Rest
for
2
minutes.
Click
STOP
to
end
data
collection.
When
the
rest
period
is
over,
click
COLLECT
to
begin
data
collection.
Running
in
place
test
17. Before
performing
the
test,
record
the
subjects
heart
rate
(Pre-exercise)
in
Table
6.
18. Run
in
place
for
one
minute.
Record
the
heart
rate
in
Table
6.
Quickly
move
to
Step
19.
Recovery
rate
19. With
a
stopwatch
or
clock,
begin
timing
to
determine
the
subjects
recovery
time.
During
the
recovery
period,
the
subject
should
remain
standing
and
relatively
still.
Monitor
the
heart
rate
readings
and
stop
timing
when
the
readings
return
to
the
pre-
exercise
heart
rate
value.
Record
the
recovery
time
in
Table
6.
20. Click
STOP
to
end
data
collection.
3
21. Locate
the
subjects
recovery
time
in
Table
4
and
record
the
corresponding
fitness
point
value
in
Table
6.
If
the
subjects
heart
rate
did
not
return
to
within
10
beats/min
from
their
pre-exercise
heart
rate,
record
a
value
of
6
points.
Endurance
test
22. Subtract
the
subjects
pre-exercise
heart
rate
from
his
or
her
heart
rate
after
exercise.
Record
this
heart
rate
increase
in
the
endurance
row
of
Table
6.
23. Locate
the
row
corresponding
to
the
pre-exercise
heart
rate
in
Table
5
and
use
the
heart
rate
increase
value
to
determine
the
proper
fitness
points.
Record
the
points
in
the
Endurance
row
of
the
Points
column
in
Table
6.
26.
Total
all
the
fitness
points
recorded
in
Table
6.
Determine
the
subjects
personal
fitness
level
using
the
scale
below.
PART
2:
Blood
pressure
MATERIALS
Omron
Blood
Pressure
Monitor
towel
watch
with
second
hand
or
stopwatch
PROCEDURE
1. Sit
with
feet
on
floor,
upper
arm
exposed.
2. Wrap
cuff
around
upper
arm
and
rest
arm
on
the
table.
Sit
with
feet
flat,
legs
uncrossed.
3. Press
start
and
cuff
will
begin
to
inflate.
4. Record
the
systolic
and
diastolic
arterial
pressures
and
the
pulse.
(These
values
will
be
displayed
on
the
monitor
screen.
When
the
blood
pressure
readings
have
stabilized
(after
the
pressure
drops
to
50
mm
Hg),
the
program
will
stop
calculating
blood
pressure.
At
this
point,
you
can
terminate
data
collection
by
clicking
.
Release
the
pressure
from
the
cuff,
and
remove
the
cuff
from
the
subjects
arm.
5. Enter
the
systolic,
diastolic,
and
mean
arterial
pressures
in
Table
7.
6. Run
in
place
for
2
minutes
(or
perform
your
favorite
exercise!)
7. Repeat
steps
1-5.
Table
7.
Blood
pressure
before
and
after
exercise
Systolic
pressure
Diastolic
pressure
Pulse
(mm
Hg)
(mm
Hg)
(bpm)
Before
exercise
After
exercise
DATA
ANALYSIS
Before
leaving
lab,
enter
your
data
into
the
spreadsheet
for
the
class.
You
will
use
this
information
to
calculate
the
average
for
each
of
the
variables.
I
will
compile
the
results
and
upload
them
as
an
excel
spreadsheet
to
the
course
website.
You
will
need
these
data
to
complete
your
lab
report.
5
LAB
REPORT
For
this
lab,
you
will
turn
in
copies
of
tables
6
and
7
with
your
summarized
data
filled
in.
You
may
choose
to
combine
these
tables
into
a
single
table,
if
appropriate.
Like
before,
I
ask
that
you
copy
and
paste
these
tables,
formatted
appropriately,
into
a
SINGLE
word
document
along
with
the
answers
to
the
questions
below.
1. How
did
your
heart
rate,
systolic
pressure,
diastolic
pressure,
and
pulse
change
as
a
result
of
exercise?
How/why
might
these
changes
be
useful
in
a
fight
or
flight
response?
2. Using
the
following
scale,
comment
on
the
overall
health
of
the
class
was
the
average
blood
pressure
in
the
normal/excellent
scale?
What
factors
may
have
contributed
to
readings
that
are
outside
of
normal?
How
did
your
baseline
data
compare
to
the
rest
of
the
classs
data?
3.
4.
5.
6.
Describe
the
trends
that
occurred
in
the
systolic
pressure,
diastolic
pressure,
and
pulse
with
exercise.
Assume
that
the
stroke
volume
increased
from
75
mL/beat
to
100
mL/beat.
Use
this
information
and
the
change
in
pulse
with
exercise
to
calculate
the
change
in
cardiac
output
(stroke
volume
heart
rate)
that
occurred
per
minute.
Pulse
is
the
difference
between
systolic
pressure
(peak
pressure
during
contraction
of
the
ventricles)
and
diastolic
pressure
(the
pressure
that
is
maintained
even
while
the
left
ventricle
is
relaxing).
Describe
the
change
in
pulse
pressure
seen
with
exercise.
Which
component
of
the
blood
pressure
is
most
responsible
for
this
change?
What
implications
does
a
persons
heart
rate
response
(both
immediately
following
and
the
recovery
time)
have
on
their
overall
health
and
fitness?
How
might
a
person
work
to
improve
these
numbers?
Were
any
of
the
factors
from
the
class
data
associated
with
heart
rate,
recovery
time,
blood
pressure,
and/or
pulse?
If
so,
explain
these.
Include
graphs
in
your
answer.
6