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Chemistry
Type of Lesson:
Lecture, Research
Grade:
10
CSEC OBJ:
Term:
Christmas
UNIT:
Duration:
80 minutes
Lesson: 14
Week: 5
Objectives
As a result of this lesson, you will be able to:
1) Describe with illustrations the structure of atoms of atomic number
1 to 20.
2) State the properties of electrons, protons and neutrons.
3) Define atomic number and mass number.
Prerequisite Student Knowledge
1) Knowledge of matter as comprised of tiny particles
Important Points
1) All matter is made up of microscopic particles called atoms.
2) Atoms consist of even smaller particles called electrons, protons
and neutrons.
3) The electrons are arranged in shells.
Key Terms
atom
electron
atomic number
element
mass number
neutron
proton
Challenge Areas
Construct a model of an atom using material of your choice.
Equipment/Material Needed:
Textbooks, pictures/diagrams/charts of atoms and how the particles are
arranged in the atom
A bag of brown sugar and sheets of paper towel.
Picture of a dish with pieces of sodium, calcium or another metal
Note to Student
You must understand that atoms cannot be seen by the naked eye.
They are microscopic particles.
1) Introductory Activity
a. Let us investigate a sample of brown sugar by pouring
some onto the sheet of paper towel.
i.
What do you see?
ii.
What makes up the bag of sugar?
iii.
How are these arranged in the bag? Imagine that
these particles are atoms. Then this is how they are
arranged in the solid sugar.
b. Look carefully at the picture of the dish of sodium in
Figure 14.1.
Figure 14.1
i.
ii.
Important Point
Atoms are tiny
particles that make
up matter.
Elements are made
up of only one kind
of atom.
Student Instructional
nstructional Material
Body of Lesson
1) Whats inside the atom?
a. Go to the PowerPoint presentation on Whats Inside The
Atom to view a. What are the particles inside the atom?
b. Click on the link to learn more about the subatomic
particles.
http://education.jlab.org/atomtour/listofparticles.html
c. After viewing the PowerPoint presentation and the website,
complete the following paragraph on the particles inside an
atom. Review the presentation to check your answers.
Mass number
SYMBOL
Atomic number
b. Below is an example:
19
Mass number
= 19
Atomic number
=9
Number of protons
=9
Number of electrons = 9
Number of neutrons = 19 9 = 10
c. Na is the symbol for sodium and is derived from its Latin
name. It can also be expressed as:
23
Na
11
i.
____
ii.
____
iii.
____
iv.
____
v.
____
3) Arrangement of electrons
a. Electrons are arranged in a particular way in the shells. The
first shell, that is, the shell closest to the nucleus can hold a
maximum of two electrons and the second shell can hold a
maximum of eight electrons. The third shell can hold a
maximum of eighteen; however, for elements 1 - 20, it can
Student Instructional Material
Closure
In-Class Assignments
1) Summarize the main points in the lesson by answering the
following questions.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
g.
h.
Out-of-Class Assignment
1) Write a short summary of the main points in your notebook.
2) Complete the following diagram in Figure 14.2.
List with characteristics or features to be used to complete the
diagram in Figure 14.2:
109 types
mass 1
mass ~0
charge +1
charge -1
no charge
invisible
pure substance
has characteristics of element
Element
Atom
Proton
Neutron
Electron
has feature
has feature
has feature
has feature
has feature
24
Al
13
16
Mg
12
O
8
Supplemental
Glossary of Terms
Atom
Element
Proton
Electron
Neutron
Atomic number
Mass number
CSEC Question
1) Complete the following table:
Species
Atomic
Number of
Element
Mass
Number of
Element
Arrangement
of electrons
in species
Number of
neutrons in
the nucleus
6
27
32
2,8,3
16
Recommended Materials
None
Bibliography
Tindale, A. Chemistry: A Concise Revision Course for CXC 2nd
Revised Edition, Nelson Thornes Publishers 1998
Gallagher, R.M. & Ingram, P. Complete Chemistry 2nd Edition Oxford
University Press 2000
Student Instructional Material
Symbol
Hydrogen
Atomic
Number
Electronic
configuration
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20