Final Report

TECHNOLOGY WORKSHOP
Madrid 9 - 11 June 2015

C-IED
CENTRE OF EXCELLENCE

EOD
CENTRE OF EXCELLENCE

Funded by
NATO ESCD DAT POW and EDA

C-IED COE FINAL REPORT

Disclaimer:
This publication is a product of the NATO C-IED Centre of Excellence. It does not necessarily
reflect the policy or the opinion of the Centre or NATO. The Centre may not be held responsible
for any loss or harm arising from the use of information contained in this publication and is not
responsible for the content of the external sources, including external websites referenced in this
publication.
Digital or hard copies of this publication may be produced for internal use within NATO and for
personal or educational use when for nonprofit and non-commercial purpose, provided that copies
bear a full citation.
Unless other identified, the photographs shown in this Report are the sole property of the C-IED
COE and the presentation copyrights owners have authorized its publication.
Photographer: Cristina Gmez Villar (C-IED COE Graphic designer and Photographer)
www.ciedcoe.org
info@ciedcoe.org

2nd COUNTER IED TECHNOLOGY WORKSHOP

INDEX
2

Letter from the director

Executive Summary

Workshop Aim

Panel Discussions

35

Conclusions

36

Way Ahead

38

Impressions

C-IED COE FINAL REPORT

Letter from the director

2nd COUNTER IED TECHNOLOGY WORKSHOP

Letter from the director

I am pleased to present the final report on the second C-IED Technology Workshop. The event was
co-organized by the C-IED Centre of Excellence and the EOD Centre of Excellence between the
09th and the 11th of June 2015 in Madrid (Spain). The purpose of the event was to gather experts
from military, law enforcement, industry and academia to provoke an exchange of views and develop
innovative ideas on how to tackle the various challenges we face when combatting the IED threat.
Participants from 24 NATO and non-NATO countries, 45 recognized speakers, 175 attendees, 2
media partners, 19 exhibitors presenting fielded products and C-IED technological solutions, and
240 visitors confirmed the importance given to C-IED information sharing by the C-IED Community
of interest. It is one of the only events where main governmental stakeholders, including the interagency community can network and interact with industry and academia representatives in a single
place. The workshop once again provided participants with a very unique and professionally rewarding experience.
The Counter IED Centre of Excellence was established and accredited in 2010, and since then it
has solidified its leading position within the C-IED community. Over the last five years the type and
number of requests to the CIED COE has substantially increased demonstrating that the COE remains a significant partner of the International Community facing and dealing with the IED threat.
The C-IED COE fosters events aimed to facilitate the exchange of information among the various
stakeholders involved in the C-IED fight. We will continue carrying out our mandated mission to
support all nations and actors in the fight against this prolific global threat.
COL Jos Zamorano Gonzlez(ESP Army)
C-IED COE Director

C-IED COE FINAL REPORT

2nd COE C-IED TECHNOLOGY

WORKSHOP REPORT

2nd COUNTER IED TECHNOLOGY WORKSHOP

1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
The 2nd C-IED Technology Workshop, held at Madrid (Spain) from 09 to 11 June 2015, was coorganized by the C-IED Centre of Excellence and the EOD Centre of Excellence and sponsored
by The NATO Emerging Security Challenges Division (ESCD) Defence against Terrorism Program
of Work (DAT POW) and the European Defence Agency (EDA). The workshop was chaired by the
Director of the Counter IED Centre of Excellence, Colonel Jose Zamorano.
For the second consecutive year the C-IED COE played the crucial role of being the NATO hub for
C-IED activities, particularly focused on the technology solutions applied to fighting IEDs. The workshop fostered information sharing between the main C-IED actors: military forces, law enforcement
agencies, research institutions, defence industry, and other national and international organizations.
This years workshop consisted of a NATO classified day followed by two non-classified days. The
three day event comprising 10 discussion panels provided the opportunity to present and analyse
todays most important C-IED issues. The panel topics ranged from Global IED threat trends and
emerging IED challenges through C-IED Technology gaps and future requirements to discussions
about Electronic Counter Measures (ECM) to counter Radio Controlled IEDs (RCIED), vehicle damage analysis processes, equipment standardization, maritime C-IED technologies, standoff IED detection technologies, Research and Development synergies among related agencies, and common
military and law enforcement technologies.
The panel discussions were moderated by senior subject matter experts from across the C-IED
Community. The discussion sessions were combined with live demonstrations and static exhibitions
highlighting C-IED related equipment and solutions while offering the optimal setting to facilitate
networking opportunities.
Participation included 175 registered delegates and 240 visitors from 24 countries including many
across the European Union as well as Canada, the United States, Norway, Turkey, and Israel. In
addition, 21 companies, institutes, and universities presented their products and projects in the exhibition hall at the Spanish Military Sport Club La Dehesa.
A number of important common elements were gathered to define the way ahead. While many were
interesting the most pressing and relevant are below:
The key to countering IED threats is a widely understood and common view of the IED threat and
current technologies. In addition to advanced technologies for detection, neutralization and mitigation of IEDs the European/NATO C-IED Community of Interest (COI) requires strong interagency
cooperation. This is especially true in the field of information sharing. Since IED threat networks
operate in all environments, including maritime, C-IED should be institutionalized as a joint, interagency effort that includes information exchanges among all relevant organizations and standardized
exploitation procedures and training.
Knowledge is the foundation on which we tailor C-IED training and develop innovative technology
solutions. The basis to define the requirements for C-IED technologies (protective, reactive and
proactive) is an agreed standards-based research model that ensures equipment interoperability.
The need for standardization is particularly acute concerning stand-off IED detection technologies.

C-IED COE FINAL REPORT

Information sharing and collaboration are essential to identify gaps and develop solutions. As a result of the 2nd C-IED Technology Workshop, there are new standardization initiatives for a combat
vehicle damage analysis process, IED evidence collection standards, C-IED training, and IED detection systems. There is also support for including maritime specific C-IED procedures into Allied
Joint Publication (AJP) 3.15(C).
Understanding and tracking current and future IED trends is fundamental to develop technologies to
counter them (such as advanced ECM platforms to counter high power RCIEDs). Pooling and sharing resources across the NATO alliance will greatly contribute to cost efficiency. Where possible,
NATO should also collaborate and develop agreements with EU and other international agencies
who are working on the same issues.
This report gathers the views and main aspects as given by the expert briefers during their oral
presentations and provides the main points from the discussions conducted afterwards. The herein
conclusions are expected to lead new C-IED technology research efforts and shape the current ongoing ones, as well as to facilitate the defence industry to meet the permanently evolving operational
requirements.

2. WORKSHOP AIM
The purpose of the event was to gather experts from military, law enforcement, industry and academia to provoke an exchange of views and troubleshoot the various challenges we collectively face
when dealing with the IED threat.
The workshop had the following specific goals:
Provide a valuable meeting point to promote C-IED technology info sharing among military,
law enforcement, industry and academic communities.
Provide a global IED threat update to enhance the threat understanding among the Community of Interest.
Present upcoming or foreseen C-IED challenges and explore potential technological gaps and
solutions.
Present current and future C-IED technology related programs. Provoke a valid discussion to
provide solutions/suggestions that could be helpful to avoid duplicative R&D programs.
Discuss and provide way ahead for equipment standardization to enable the alignment of operational needs, technological efforts and industry developments.
Present industry with current and future proposals to facilitate C-IED capability enhancements.

2nd COUNTER IED TECHNOLOGY WORKSHOP

3. PANEL DISCUSSIONS
*We provided abbreviated summaries of panels 1 through 4 due to the classified nature of the discussions on day one. A full report with detailed summaries of all panels is available on BICES.

1st Panel - Global IED Threat Trends and

Emerging IED Challenges
Moderator:
Ms Paulette Arnold, USA, Counter-Terrorism Branch Chief, NATO Intelligence
Fusion Centre (NIFC)
The intent of this panel was to introduce current threat streams and future trends in IEDs. The first
briefing focused on the global IED threat, the second focused on IED threats against Europe and
the law enforcement efforts to combat them, and the last two briefings focused on future IED threats
with respect to devices as well as tactics, techniques, and procedures.

Mr Gonalo Simes, EUROPOL

European IED Threat
Mr Simes reviewed all terrorist activity in Europe during 2014 with a prospective forecast for the
future terrorist threat and the use of IEDs. He specifically focused on the impact of foreign fighters
returning to Europe and the importance of close collaboration between military and law enforcement
elements to eliminate intelligence gaps.

Mr Ricardo Fernandez, NATO C-IED COE

IED Future Threats and Emerging Challenges
The evolution or re-adaptation of enemy IED tactics, techniques, and procedures requires C-IED
forces to constantly re-evaluate and reassess the environment to stay ahead of the threat and ensure the safety of our populations.

Armored VBIED

Mr Juan Jos Pieiro, E&Q Engineering Inc, Spain

Micro and Mini Unmanned Aerial System (UAS) Vertical Take-Off and Landing
(VTOL) Threats
Mr Pieiro briefed on low, small and slow (LSS) VTOL UAS that can be used as IED delivery systems and described several potential technologies and projects to counter this threat.

C-IED COE FINAL REPORT

Way Forward
Intelligence and understanding is the key to detecting and forecasting new IED threats. The Internet
is increasingly important in the C-IED fight as many of the threat networks activities are done on the
Web (recruiting, funding, radicalizing, sharing expertise, etc). There is a need for more European/
NATO interagency coordination and information exchange on the types of IEDs that could be encountered in counter-terror operations and specific information on threats to facilities and personnel.
Advanced technologies are necessary to detect, neutralize and mitigate the new IED threats. Accurate threat assessments are critical to ensuring governments and industries can develop technologies to counter evolving and innovative threats employed by an increasingly interconnected group
of global terrorist organizations that use IEDs to achieve their objectives.

2nd Panel - C-IED Technology Gaps and

Future Requirements
Moderator:
Colonel Rafael Jimenez, Spain, International Demining Centre Commander
Based on the current and future IED threat, there are identified C-IED technology gaps. It is imperative to constantly re-evaluate the threat environment and inform research and development
organizations, academia, and relevant industries when a new capability is required to counter an
emerging threat. This information must also inform C-IED training curriculums to ensure our forces
are prepared to face the threat before encountering it on the battlefield. We must resist the temptation to hoard information and share it with all appropriate elements, not only military, but also law enforcement and international peacekeeping operations such as the United Nations Multidimensional
Integrated Stabilization Mission in Mali (MINUSMA). Only then can we truly affect the enemys
freedom of movement and effective use of IEDs.

LTC Grzegorz Motak, Slovakia, NATO EOD Centre of Excellence

EOD Technology Gaps and Challenges
LtCol Motak discussed several EOD technology gaps to include modular remote controlled unmanned ground vehicles, requirements for future detection technologies, and advanced bomb suit
designs.

Major Eric Schilling, USA, United Nations Mine Action Service (UNMAS)
The UNMAS Perspective on IED Use and Response

United Nations Mine Action Service is the UN agency in charge of dealing with IEDs at all current
UN missions. Today, peacekeeping operations are being targeted with greater frequency, where
threat actors and spoilers employ IEDs as a means to disrupt the political process and reconciliation, threaten humanitarian programs and to create general instability and insecurity. Major Schilling
discussed UNMAS C-IED vision and the UNs policy on IEDs. He also addressed the recent report

2nd COUNTER IED TECHNOLOGY WORKSHOP

from the Expert Panel on Technology and Innovation in UN Peacekeeping which highlighted multiple
C-IED capability gaps ranging from hand held detectors to information sharing, armoured vehicles,
ECM, and IEDD assets with a goal of improving force protection and mission capacity.

Mr Russell Stokes, United States Army Europe (USAREUR), USA

Multinational C-IED Training Program
Mr Stokes provided an overview of the USAREUR Multinational C-IED Training Program. Their mission is to conduct C-IED analysis as well as develop and synchronize C-IED Partner-Nation training
and exercises, and resource USAREUR C-IED training. He also elaborated on their partner nation
training opportunities that included courses on exploitation, attack the networks, IED/HME awareness, robotics, ECM, and biometrics.

Mr Mike Harris, Allen Vanguard, UK

Understanding Future Requirements
Mr Harris presented points to consider when identifying future C-IED technology and equipment
requirements. He emphasized that without understanding and intelligence you do not have a solid
base on which to establish your Prepare the Force (PtF), Defeat the Device (DtD), and Attack the
Networks (AtN) operations. When it comes to technology development, we must fully understand
the threat before developing future equipment requirements. When choosing an equipment solution, we have to consider limitations, understand the benefit the equipment provides, and realize that
some capabilities are not fiscally feasible. Once you determine an appropriate technology solution,
you must consider all aspects of Doctrine, Organization, Training, Material, Leadership, Personnel,
Facilities, and Interoperability (DOTMLPF-I) to institutionalize the capability.

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Way Forward
One major gap is the way C-IED knowledge and information is managed and shared. We must
develop a way to quickly share information across military and law enforcement channels so the
relevant actors stay ahead of the threat.
C-IED training has to be tailored to the new mission scenarios. Training used during the last conflict
cannot be pulled off the shelf and reused without a thorough evaluation of the threat and a modification of the training to address the current challenge.
Understanding and intelligence is also the base to develop technological solutions for the AtN, PtF
and DtD pillars of the C-IED fight. UNMAS identified several aspects to improve their capacity to
effectively address the IED threat. UNMASs capability and technology gaps are outlined in the recently released UN Peace Keeping Operations Technology and Innovation Panel Report.

3rd Panel - The Future of ECM to counter RCIEDs

Moderator:
Mr Martin Underwood, Tonanti Ltd., UK
This panel looked at the current challenges to Electronic Counter Measures (ECM) designers and
manufacturers. Presentations included an overview of the NATO organizations and groups coordinating development of ECM capability and some of the projects they are working on.

Mr Samuel Henze, Defence Investment Division, NATO HQ International Staff

What is NATO Doing about RCIED?
As the secretary of NATOs Team of Experts on ECM for RCIED, Mr Henze described their latest
activities and initiatives. He also provided information on how nations could join and participate in
the only NATO group directly developing capabilities to counter the RCIED threat.

Mr Steven Lewis, NATO Communications and Information Agency (NCIA)

NCIA Support to NATO Nations
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2nd COUNTER IED TECHNOLOGY WORKSHOP

Mr Lewis shared several RCIED ECM interoperability considerations when operating in the Coalition
environment.

Dr. Hubert Piontek, Airbus Defence and Space Inc, Germany

Beyond ECM - The Future of RCIED Jamming
Dr. Piontek presented an overview of the jamming methods ranging from barrage to state-of-the-art
reactive and SMART jamming. He also elaborated on the potential future use of ECM systems to
not only counter RCIED systems, but also provide communications jamming, and collect communications intelligence.

Mr Carlos Garcia Gomez, National Institute of Aerospace Technology (INTA) / La

Maraosa Technical Institute (ITM), Spain
Evaluation and Test of Frequency Jammers
Mr Garcia Gomez briefed on the parameters to take into account when evaluating whether or not
frequency jammers are effective against each threat scenario. He also described the ECM test facilities at the ITM.

Way Forward
Despite the effectiveness of IEDs using less sophisticated technology, the RCIED threat remains
prolific and we should expect terrorists to continue exploiting the radio frequency spectrum. It is
essential that we continue developing advanced ECM platforms to more effectively counter current
and emerging anticipated RCIED threats. ECM interoperability among coalition forces is absolutely
critical. We can only ensure compatibility by nations sharing design information during the development phase of their ECM platforms. Operating with coalition partners in the future will be the rule
rather than the exception and we must get beyond national caveats to ensure the protection of our
military forces against RCIED threats during combat operations.
The use of RCIEDs to initiate explosive devices remains a widely used approach. It is essential to
continue developing advanced ECM platforms to counter this ever morphing threat.

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4th Panel - Combat Vehicle Damage

Analysis Process
Moderator:
Mr Frank Dosquet, Federal Office of Bundeswehr Equipment, Information Technology and In-Service Support (BAAINBw), Germany
This panel reviewed several combat vehicle damage analysis processes conducted by different nations. The speakers shared experiences and showed the delegates the importance
of conducting a thorough post blast analysis of damaged combat vehicles to improve protection against future IED attacks and enhance the survivability of vehicle occupants.

Mr Jens Nawitzki, Technical Centre for Weapons and Munitions, Germany

Vehicle Battle Damage Analysis
Mr Nawitzki presented the incident analysis capabilities of the Experts Team on the Analysis of Incidents (ETAV) in the Bundeswehr. He explained that their five objectives when evaluating an incident
are evaluate test procedures, modify equipment, influence new projects, adapt tactics, techniques,
and procedures (TTPs), and improve threat analyses. They analyse and assess all functions of a
vehicle as an entire entity to identify the optimal path to improve its capability. The ETAV views combat incident analysis as a core capability in asymmetric warfare scenarios to adapt to the increased
rate of changes on the battlefield.

Mr Jeff Morgan, U.S. National Ground Intelligence Centre (NGIC), USA

Combat Incident Analysis
Mr Morgan outlined the U.S. process for collecting, integrating and analysing data on attacks against
U.S. vehicles to determine specific weapon effects. His brief discussed critical data requirements
and emphasized the importance of establishing agreements with all involved parties, especially
medical, to facilitate data collection efforts. Together, the intelligence community, medical community, and materiel community can develop actionable analysis which results in fewer killed, less
severe injuries, and less damaged equipment.

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Mr Ian Elgy, Defence Science & Technology Laboratory (DSTL), UK

The Exploitation of Damaged Vehicles
Mr Elgy briefed on the UK process to analyse and evaluate battle damaged vehicles and casualties.
He also provided an overview of all the DSTL capabilities that come into play to examine casualty
data, threat data, vehicle data, and body armour data to develop a coherent solution for equipment
and TTP changes. He emphasized the importance of consistent data collection and quality photographs to extract the maximum amount of information and best understand what happened.

Way Forward
The consistent and disciplined collection of data from combat damaged vehicles has allowed each
nation to conduct meaningful engineering and statistical analysis. When linked with the analysis
of casualty injuries, this effort has led to significant improvements in vehicle protection. Different
exploitation levels, from the explosion scene to deeper computer analysis are required to obtain all
viable data.
Data collection and the exploitation process after combat incidents is time consuming, but worthwhile. By analysing casualties, their location in vehicles as well as their wounds and injuries, many
improvements can be made in the protection of vehicles and their crews.
The panel members are currently working with the NATO Standardization Office (NSO) to codify a
combat vehicle damage analysis process in a NATO Standardization Agreement so that other nations can benefit from this knowledge and potentially develop their own national capability.

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5th Panel - Seeking Synergies among

C-IED R&D Agencies
Moderator:
Dr. Jerg Hillmann, Head of Unit in the Capability,
Armament &Technology Directorate
EDA European Defence Agency
This panel reported on the various agencies working on C-IED and the many ways in which collaboration within the Community of Interest has and continues to take place. Individuals from a variety of
entities shared information regarding their organization, program and scope of work, and efforts in
the C-IED realm. The intent was to identify additional projects and initiatives that the research centres could collaborate on to reduce the number of duplicative efforts within NATO and work together
towards solutions in line with the Smart Defence Initiative.

Maj. Ted Hussem, Netherlands, Defence Expertise Center (DEC) C-IED

European Defence Agency (EDA) Improvised Explosive Device Detection (IEDDET)
Programme
Major Hussem presented the EDA approach to seeking synergies among the C-IED R&D
agencies. He mentioned that good cooperation between governmental bodies, industry, and
research agencies is the key to producing relevant, high quality products. He also provided
an overview of EDAs IED Detection Programme, with the five demonstrator projects under it covering early warning, standoff detection, confirmation and identification, persistent
surveillance, and force protection. Major Hussem mentioned that nations could still join the
programme to support one or more of the projects. It is planned to start in early 2016.
Dr. Fong answered a question about sharing the data they collect during their tests. He explained
that most of the information was classified; but that the U.S. had data exchange agreements (DEAs)
with many European countries to share the results and that it was possible to establish new ones as
necessary.

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Dr. Richard Fong, U.S. Army ARDEC, USA

U.S. Army Armament Research, Development, and Engineering Centre (ARDEC) CIED Efforts
Dr. Fong provided a briefing on the U.S. Army Research, Development, and Engineering Commands (RDECOM) organizational structure and the various C-IED initiatives that it oversees in its
subordinate centres and laboratories. He focused on their material solution process and the incorporation of end-user requirements and assessments to drive the rapid development and acquisition
of critical C-IED equipment. Dr. Fong also elaborated on the procedures they use to collaborate with
outside organizations that are working on common goals.
Dr. Fong answered a question about sharing the data they collect during their tests. He explained
that most of the information was classified; but that the U.S. had data exchange agreements (DEAs)
with many European countries to share the results and that it was possible to establish new ones as
necessary.

Mr Carlos Garcia Gomez, National Institute of Aerospace Technology (INTA) / La

Maraosa Technical Institute (ITM), Spain
C-IED Synergies ITM-INTA
Mr Garcia provided an overview of the C-IED capability development activities at the Spanish INTA/
ITM. He briefed on their electronic counter measure test facilities, blast effect testing, and explosive
material characterization. The ECM Area is in charge of programming any kind of frequency jammer
systems in order to get the maximum efficiency against RCIEDs. The Ballistic Effects Unit has the
capacity to conduct nationally accredited tests as well as STANAG based tests in relation to IED detonation, fragment analysis, and explosives. The Material Unit features a wide variety of materials,
including explosives, adding the capacity to utilize military, commercial, or homemade explosives in
any tests conducted at the INTA/ITM.
Mr Garcia answered questions regarding the need for standardization of C-IED testing parameters.
He also spoke with Dr. Fong about the need for IED evidence collection standards for Weapons Intelligence Teams and the associated training that is required to ensure reliable results.

EFP MOUNTED FOR TESTING

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Cpt. Ortega de la Rosa, Spain, National Institute of Aerospace Technology (INTA)

/ La Maraosa Technical Institute (ITM)
Chemical Analysis of Post-Explosion Evidence
Captain Ortega provided a more detailed briefing on the ITMs Materials Unit. He elaborated on its
duties and capabilities as part of the ITMs CBRN Area. He briefed on the analytical procedure they
use to identify the main explosive from IED residues, emphasized critical aspects in the identification process, and covered the Units Research and Development efforts regarding the IED threat.
Captain Ortega also mentioned a Raman spectra database for explosives that the Unit is developing. Overall, there were several aspects of the Units responsibilities that are directly related to other
nations activities where they can collaborate and share information.

Dr. Arnold Schoolderman, Netherlands Organization for Applied Scientific

Research (TNO)
The Science and Technology Organization, its Collaborative Network and the
Collaborative Support Office
As a great wrap-up of the national C-IED research and development agencies panel, Dr. Schoolderman presented an overview of NATOs Science and Technology Organization (STO). It is under the
authority of the North Atlantic Council (NAC), reporting through the Military Committee (MC) and the
Conference of National Armaments Directors (CNAD), in accordance with the provisions of its Charter. The STO is the worlds largest organization for collaborative defence science and technology.
It facilitates collaboration among nations and across NATO organizations, leverages huge national
research investments with a vast pool of expertise, connects military operators with scientists, spans
nearly the complete scope of military technologies, and complements other science and technology
groups. Dr. Schoolderman listed all the C-IED related projects currently active in the STO and explained how nations interested in specific groups could join.

Way Forward
In this era of shrinking defence budgets, the most cost effective way for countries to maintain modern, advanced military equipment is too pool their expertise and develop collaborative bilateral, multi-lateral, EDA, NATO, or non-NATO nation agreements using established NATO standards to lead
the effort. This panel provided the workshop delegates with some of the major initiatives currently
on-going throughout NATO. It also addressed the need to develop NATO standards for specific CIED equipment and training where interoperability among NATO forces is absolutely critical during
expeditionary operations.

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6th Panel - Standardization to Lead C-IED

R&D Efforts
Moderator:
Mr Samuel Henze, Defence Investment Division, NATO HQ International Staff
NATO Standardization
As mentioned at the end of Panel 5, the importance of developing standards to guide national CIED equipment development and fielding efforts is paramount in the combined, joint operational
environments to which we commonly find our forces deployed. Standards and the ability for multiple
national militaries to operate together in a combat zone are imperative for the overall success of the
alliance. Subject matter experts must work together to first identify what to standardize and then
collectively develop and agree upon the standard. It is not an easy task, but one that is necessary
to save coalition lives during combat operations.
Mr Henze opened the panel by providing an overview of the NATO standardization process and potential ideas for future standardization initiatives. He emphasized that nothing happens with these
ideas unless Nations, Staff or Industry submit proposals for standardization to the appropriate NATO
Committee and Tasking Authority. He reiterated the importance of understanding the NATO committee structure highlighting that in regards to C-IED, the two most important committees are
the Military Committee (MC) including its operational working groups who handle doctrine and the
Conference of National Armaments Directors (CNAD), whose capability development groups handle
materiel standardization.
He further emphasized that Nations and Industry must sign up to do the work of actually writing the
standard in one of the working groups under the MC or CNAD that works on C- IED. Mr Henze
finished up with the details on how to submit a Standardization Proposal, a two-page form that can
be submitted by subject matter experts to the appropriate NATO tasking authority for consideration.

Maj. Jose A. Pinto, Spain, Spanish Army Logistic Command

Standardization to Lead C-IED R&D Efforts: STANAG 4569 and Related AEP-55
Major Pinto gave an overview on NATO Standardization Agreement (STANAG) 4569, Protection
Levels for Occupants of Logistic and Light Armoured Vehicles, and related Allied Engineering Publication (AEP)-55 Volume 3, Procedures for Evaluating the Protection Levels of Logistic and Light
Armoured Vehicles for IED Threats, to show how they lead to C-IED R&D efforts. He described how
the Team of Experts (ToE) works to develop these documents, and the necessary collaboration between countries. Furthermore, he highlighted the relationship between the threats that are included
in the STANAG and the technologies, and how the ToE considers industrial capabilities a necessity.

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Mr Enrique Martin, E&Q Engineering Inc., Spain

A Test Bed for Assessment of IED Detection Systems (IEDDS)
Mr Martin provided the framework to evaluate the effectiveness of IEDDS in chosen representative
scenarios and tactical vignettes, developing a test-bed design and a methodology to quantitatively
and qualitatively compare the different solutions. He highlighted that there is a lack of IEDDS assessment standards and proposed an IEDDS assessment initiative (methodology, set-up, scoring,
and scenarios) with detection capability focused on end-user, and developed an IEDDS effectiveness framework (scoring/benchmark) as well as guidelines for standards development and further
efforts that could be led by this conceptual initiative.

Maj. Geert-Jan Verkoeijen, Netherlands, EDA Joint Deployable Exploitation and

Analysis Laboratory (JDEAL)
C-IED Level 2 Laboratory Standardization
Major Verkoeijen presented information on the standards used for JDEAL and provided advice for
future R&D processes. He also expounded on the challenges he encountered in relation to creating
the technical and operational standards for JDEAL as well as the challenges to develop technical
exploitation standards that fulfilled EU and NATO requirements. Lastly, he answered questions
regarding the various deployable options of the lab and information sharing. He explained that the
lab is only concerned with how to secure data and evidence and it is up to the nation that deploys
JDEAL to determine what they do with the information.

JDEAL Facility, NLD

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Ms Jessica Rajkowski, U.S. Joint IED Defeat Organization (JIEDDO) /MITRE, USA
Challenge-Based Acquisition for the JIEDDO Culvert Challenge
Ms Rajkowski gave an interesting review of Challenge-Based Acquisition and its application to Department of Defence problem sets. She included information on JIEDDOs active program utilizing
Challenge Based-Acquisition to focus on culvert IEDs. JIEDDO held the Culvert Challenge in the
fall of 2014 to seek technologies for inspection and long-term surveillance of culverts. Widespread
industry participation resulted in an understanding of the state of the art of counter-IED technologies for these applications, and JIEDDOs ability to make acquisition decisions based on the results.
Ms Rajkowski emphasized that challenges provide an opportunity to communicate needs to industry and allow performance to drive acquisition decisions while encouraging innovation and saving
money. Counter-IED technologies are well suited for Challenge-Based Acquisition, which will allow
technologies to be assessed against standardised criteria.
Ms Rajkowski fielded questions about the European companies that participated in the culvert challenge. She also explained how and where JIEDDO posts the request for proposals to include the
challenge specifications and scoring requirements for the event.

Culvert Search

Way Forward
With the vast improvements in equipment technologies and the development of previously unanticipated unique C-IED equipment over the past 15 years, it is time for NATO standardisation efforts to
get ahead of the curve and start driving equipment requirements versus playing catch up after the
required technology is developed. C-IED experts need to work together to identify specific technologies that require standardisation and then commit to developing the necessary standard. It is the
only way to ensure the technologies needed on tomorrows battlefield will be ready and interoperable across the alliance.
Mr Enrique Martin is working with Dr. Schoolderman to submit a NATO standardisation proposal for
IEDDS to NATO in the coming months.

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7th Panel - Maritime C-IED Technologies and

the Link to Exploitation
Moderator:
Captain Hendrik Monderen, NLD, Branch Head of Current Operations
NATO Allied Maritime Command (MARCOM)
Compared to the number of IEDs against land-based targets, there are very few against maritime
assets, but the impact of a single successful attack can have massive ramifications across the strategic spectrum. In addition, with the vast majority of the worlds trade being transported via ship, it
is imperative that naval forces are linked into the global C-IED fight to be able to effectively recognize and interdict logistical movements of IED components. Beyond the purely Defeat the Device
aspects of Naval C-IED, which most nations are very proficient at, maritime forces also have a huge
role to play in the Prepare the Force and Attack the Network pillars to ensure we maintain a proactive
mind-set and our enemies are not allowed freedom of movement in any environment.

Mr Richard Battrick, Allen Vanguard, UK

Maritime Evidence and Exploitation
Mr Battrick discussed the collection and analysis of evidentiary information in the maritime and underwater environment. He mentioned that the concept remains embryonic because operators must
manage in a particularly challenging environment that presents a physical barrier when attempting to conduct information gathering, processing and data compiling for information management
purposes. Mr Battrick highlighted multiple, varied threats that naval forces typically encounter in a
maritime environment to include rocket propelled grenades, limpet mines, suicide bombers, rocket
attacks, and IEDs both outside and inside the ship. He emphasized the importance of information
sharing, standardized reporting, and exploitation efforts among land and sea assets to ensure a truly
combined approach to C-IED.
Mr Battrick answered several questions regarding the challenges associated with evidence exploitation in international waters and described the different types of boarding and interdiction operations.
He re-emphasized the importance of getting C-IED intelligence to the boarding teams so they can
effectively identify and exploit relevant materials.

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Lt Deward Cummings, U.S. Navy, CTF 68, CJTF-HOA, TF Sparta

Maritime Counter-IED Strategy..?
Lt Cummings led a discussion about U.S. Navy EOD Maritime C-IED and Expeditionary Mine Counter Measures Capabilities and Limitations. He emphasized that the IED is not nearly as prolific in
the maritime environment as it is on land, but it is used as a strategic weapon that can have an enormous international military, political, and economic impact. He answered several questions pertaining to the force protection training developed and employed since the bombing of the USS Cole to
maintain a safe buffer around all U.S. Navy ships.

LtCdr Al Nekrews, UK, British Royal Navy, Southern Diving Group

Maritime IEDD (Mar-IEDD)
LtCdr Nekrews gave an overview about the British Royal Navy (RN) Maritime IEDD (Mar-IEDD)
Capability, the Fleet Diving Squadron, the RNs Capability Development, and recent participation
in the Northern Challenge exercise. His main points were the maritime IED threat will endure, we
must institutionalize C-IED as a truly joint requirement in all environments, and the RN capability
development must evolve to meet the constantly changing threat. LtCdr Nekrews emphasized the
importance of joint training exercises to test and validate interoperability issues. He spoke about his
role as the Multi-National EOD Control Cell (MNEODCC) commander during the Northern Challenge
C-IED exercise run by the Icelandic Coast Guard and invited additional nations to participate in the
exercise.

Exercise Northern Challenge

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Prof. Agostino G. Bruzzone, NATO STO Centre for Maritime Research and Experimentation, Italy
Innovative Interoperable M&S within Extended Maritime Domain for Critical Infrastructure Protection and C-IED
Professor Bruzzone led a presentation on CMREs Distributed Virtual experience and exercise
(DVx2) which is a virtual interactive exercise enabling NATO Defence against Terrorism Program of
Work (DaT PoW), Subject Matter Experts (SMEs) and NATO Executives to demonstrate, validate,
benchmark & appreciate the DAT accomplishments.
He also described many ways in which the CMRE Modelling and Simulation (M&S) capabilities
could support Maritime C-IED. They included:
Education, Training and Crowdsourcing on C-IED by Modelling, Interoperable
Simulation and Serious Games (MS..2G)
Development of new Autonomous Systems as Interoperable Assets in the Extended
Maritime Framework for C-IED
Development of New Concepts and Solutions by Virtual Interoperable Testing (e.g.
persistence, autonomy, reliability)
Evaluation of New Strategic Scenario including new threats (e.g. Autonomous Hostile
Devices)
Each of these elements represents a great opportunity supported by the skills and capabilities within
the Partnership CMRE. The Simulation Team, University of Genoa, and NATO COEs are able to use
the M&S capabilities for Research and Experimentation in a wide spectrum of applications.

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Dr. Francisco Javier Fortes Romn, University of Mlaga, Spain

Chemical Characterization of Submerged Materials Using a Remote Laser-Induced
Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) System
Dr. Fortes presentation included an introduction to the use of chemical analysis of submerged objects
by Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) as one of the new milestones of LIBS technology.
The laser laboratory of the University of Malaga has designed and developed a fibre optics-based
platform for analysis of items up to 50 meters underwater. The purpose of this study is to compare
different laser excitation schemes (single- and multi-pulse excitation) and to evaluate their influence
on the laser ablation process and the analytical capabilities of LIBS. Dr. Fortes presented the potential
of the multi-pulse approach to in-depth characterization of submerged materials. The primary takeaway was that the novelty of this application opens a new horizon to the LIBS technique.

Way Forward
C-IED does not end at the waters edge. In order to be truly effective in countering an asymmetric
enemy that exploits every possible advantage, gap, and vulnerability, we must ensure C-IED is a
connected and synchronized joint, interagency effort with maximum information exchange between
all relevant organizations. There is a need for standardized exploitation procedures and an expansion of C-IED awareness training for all forces. The salient observation from the Maritime C-IED
panel was that although naval forces use different vehicles and sometimes have to abide by different laws, the C-IED process is the same regardless of the environment and information sharing and
institutionalized training are critical to ensuring our enemies are afforded no safe harbour.
The C-IED COE is working closely with MARCOM to incorporate relevant maritime C-IED aspects
into the AJP 3.15(B) update. These additions are necessary to ensure NATOs Allied Joint Publication for Countering Improvised Explosive Devices reflects the multi-environment nature of the threat
and the comprehensive approach necessary to counter it.

Ms Elena Beganu, Counter Terrorism Section, NATO Emerging Security Challenges Division (ESCD)
NATO DAT POW Defence against Terrorism Programme of Work
Ms Beganu provided an overview of the various programs that NATOs Emerging Security Challenges Division manages in the Defence against Terrorism Programme of Work (DaT PoW). Those
of interest to the C-IED community include the C-IED Technology Workshop, the EOD Trials and
Demonstrations, Exercise Northern Challenge, the Analyst Notebook C-IED add-on, the NATO Automated Biometric Identification System, and the Route Clearance project. She explained how they
use the DAT POW to mitigate NATO urgent requirements and provide political visibility while maintaining niche capability development, maintaining interoperability, and supporting various C-IED exercises, workshops, and trials.

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8th Panel - Common Military and Law Enforcement

C-IED Technologies and Tools / Developing
Effective CIV-MIL Synergies
Moderator:
LTC Ray Lane, Ireland, Commander, Ordnance School Irish Defence Forces
LTC Lane opened the panel by presenting the Irish Ordnance Schools training opportunities. He
provided an overview of the EDA-funded Home-Made Explosives (HME) course as well as the
NATO Pre-Operational IED Defeat course. The highlighted lessons learned from those activities
were the necessity of seamless integration of both military and civilian organizational cultures to
attack the networks. He also talked about the development of standard operating procedures to
include render safe procedures and forensic awareness in order to optimize the evidence recovery
during HME lab investigations.
LTC Lane also gave a summary of the HOMER project, which is funded by the European Union with
the main objective of establishing basic knowledge about HME, their composition and characterization. Its objective is to expand the knowledge of European bodies about HME, mitigate the threat
presented by HME, deliver sustainable HME courses for use, and draft a standard on HME vocabulary and definitions.
The HOMER project is a showcase of military law Enforcement collaboration and resource sharing
by combining efforts from industry, academia, law enforcement and military organizations.

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Insp. Jacobo Orellana Suarez, Spanish National Police, Spain

The FORLAB Project
Inspector Orellana presented the FORLAB (Forensic Laboratory for in-situ evidence analysis in a
post blast scenario) project. FORLAB allows the command and control centre an extensive overview
of the scene in a real time through a 3D model, while every time a piece of evidence is identified,
pictures, position and chemical information of the sample are transmitted to the CCC. It is also improving the capability of recreating the scenario to assist with the real-time identification of areas of
higher interest and helping on the recreation of the scene for later investigations. Using a terminal
for evidence recording including data of the evidence like pictures, position or even LIBS or Raman
spectra saves time on scene and preserves the chain of custody.
While the FORLAB project is primarily designed for permissive, law enforcement scenarios due to
the time to set-up and operate the system, individual technologies from the project such as the terminal for evidence recording could be used by military forces to speed up the evidence collection and
to preserve the chain of custody.

Mr Luis Afonso, Logicalis Inc., Spain

i2 Analyst Notebook
After providing an overview on the various functions of the Analyst Notebook software, Mr Afonso focused on the C-IED add-on tool the C-IED COE is developing with inputs from U.S. National Ground
Intelligence Centre and JIEDDO. The add-on is intended to help standardize reporting formats while
building connections between IEDs and their components. This will vastly enhance military and law
enforcement intelligence analysts ability to track trends and identify links between seemingly disparate terrorist organizations by the types of IED components and designs they employ.

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Supervisory Special Agent Bomb Technician Mike Truebenbach, Federal Bureau

of Investigation (FBI), USA
The FBIs Use of New Technology in the Furtherance of C-IED Operations and
Exploitation
Special Agent Truebenbach presented a detailed summary of the FBIs use of off-the-shelf and
custom technology solutions to enhance the exploitation of IEDs. He emphasized the importance
of liaising with private industry and the value of adapting existing technology to the C-IED Effort.
He highlighted several technologies the FBI uses regularly during their domestic C-IED operations
to include a detonator sampling tool, a rugged inexpensive blast over-pressure gauge, X-ray and
Computerized axial Tomography (CT) techniques to conduct non-invasive device interrogations, and
cutting edge robotic platforms they use to remotely disassemble live devices.

Dr. Carmen Garca-Ruiz, Alcala University, Spain

Raman Spectroscopy for the Identification of IED Components in Pre- and Post-Exploded Devices
Professor Garcia presented the European Commission funded project entitled New identification
methods of Improvised Explosive Devices and post-blast residues by Raman spectroscopy to prevent criminal actions. The project is called RAMANEX for short and was developed by the research
group she leads named Inquifor. She elaborated on an open access database they created that
contains the Raman spectra for over 110 explosives and pre-cursors. Dr. Garcia also briefed on
their efforts to develop sensitive, selective, and fast Raman spectroscopic methods for the identification of explosive components in post-blast residues in order to identify the explosive composition
the terrorist employed.

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Way Forward
An effective and rapid interagency information exchange is a key factor within the global C-IED fight.
This applies not only to intelligence sharing, but also to technological advances. The military developed a plethora of technologies to counter IEDs over the last 15 years. We must share our hard
learned lessons with the law enforcement community and work together to develop future requirements that promote interoperability while pooling resources and subject matter expertise. By incorporating different backgrounds and experiences, we can better approach a challenge that quickly
transmutes from a battlefield to a domestic threat.

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9th Panel - Future technologies for future

IED threats
Moderator:
Dr. Steven Bishop, US Army Research, Development and Engineering Command (RDECOM), USA
Future Technologies for Future IED Threats
Different sensing technologies already exist across the entire electromagnetic spectrum including
acoustic and high energy particle physics. The main disadvantage of the equipment and tools developed is not detection, but discrimination and their subsequent false alarms in detection systems
when transitioning from the lab to field testing. Also, practical matters have to be considered to include cost, robustness, reliability, durability, specificity, etc.
Emerging technologies tend to be multidisciplinary, such as acoustic or seismic excitation with a
Laser Doppler Velocimeter to measure surface velocities. These approaches attempt to quantify
secondary or tertiary observables that would normally be overlooked. Additionally, novel uses of existing technology that only fill niche mission areas may be very practical for special operations. The
important take-away is that researchers must understand the emerging and future threats as well as
the operational constraints and operational environment to develop effective solutions and maximize
R&D funding. Without that link to intelligence analysts and end-users, the researchers are blindly
developing technologies without a clear picture of the requirement.

Dr. Jose Angel Sanchidrian, Technical University of Madrid, Spain

Numerical Modelling of Detonation/Damage to Structural Members from Blast Loads
Professor Sanchidrian provided an overview of the development and implementation of modelling
programs capable of accurately replicating the effects of various IED main charges such as EFPs
or bulk explosives against armoured vehicles and reinforced structures. His research group is also
exploring the performance of different construction materials and building techniques against explosive events. They collaborate with the C-IED COE on several projects funded by NATO ESCD and
the U.S. ARDEC.

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Test of structure integrity

Dr. Ross Gillanders, University of St. Andrews, Scotland

Optical Chemical Sensors for Explosive Vapours
Dr. Gillanders reported on progress in the development and application of polymer-based chemical sensors for trace explosive vapour detection. He also described newly developed luminescent
sensing materials and characterized a library of materials for their sensing response to various explosives. They designed and prototyped a portable, robust instrumentation using this technology for
field explosives vapour detection. Current target materials include military high explosives TNT and
RDX, although the approach could be extended to other explosives and chemical precursors.

Dr. Zsuzsanna Balogh, Hungary, NATO Supreme Allied Command

Transformation (SACT)
Research on Defence of Buildings against Blast Attacks
Professor Balogh shared the results of her research regarding enhanced protection capabilities of
buildings against blast attacks. The research included numerous analyses, modelling and real life
scenarios against government and public buildings as well as military camps and resulted in several suggestions for the standardization of structure blast resistance capabilities. Although terrorist
attacks against buildings receive a great deal of attention, improving the protection of high profile
buildings does not get enough attention. We lack construction standards to use when building NATO
facilities in the rear echelon and tactical infrastructure during combat operations to effectively harden
our critical infrastructure against these catastrophic attacks.

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Dr. Zsuzsanna Balogh, Hungary, NATO Supreme Allied Command

Transformation (SACT)
Research on Defence of Buildings against Blast Attacks
Professor Balogh shared the results of her research regarding enhanced protection capabilities of
buildings against blast attacks. The research included numerous analyses, modelling and real life
scenarios against government and public buildings as well as military camps and resulted in several suggestions for the standardization of structure blast resistance capabilities. Although terrorist
attacks against buildings receive a great deal of attention, improving the protection of high profile
buildings does not get enough attention. We lack construction standards to use when building NATO
facilities in the rear echelon and tactical infrastructure during combat operations to effectively harden
our critical infrastructure against these catastrophic attacks.

Prof. Manuel Esteve Domingo, Technical University of Valencia, Spain

SIMTAC (Tactical Simulator for C-IED Operations Training) / GESTOP (Intelligence
and Operations Management Tool)
Dr. Esteve highlighted the importance of communication and information technologies as key elements in C-IED activities for both the Prepare the Force and Attack the Networks pillars. Professor
Esteves presentation included two different initiatives. The SIMTAC , which is a tactical level simulator, especially useful for C-IED operations training, and the GESTOP intelligence and operations
management tool using the Global Terrorism Database and incorporating a new data mining analysis process to evaluate past events and predict new terrorist threats. The GESTOP is able to track a
suspicious individual in an urban environment using the coordinates from the peripherals attached to
the system, such as biometrics (facial recognition) or pre-determined suspicious behaviour. In order
to respect basic human rights, the system is able to pixelate the face of a person being tracked by a
video camera until this individual is identified as a viable threat.

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Benjamin Rollins, Vaporsens Inc, USA

Nanofiber Sensors for Trace Chemical Detection
Vaporsens is developing a novel, portable vapour-sampling device capable of detecting trace
amounts of explosives and relevant chemicals with accuracy, sensitivity, and speed. In short, its an
electronic nose.
The core technology for the detector is an organic nanofiber that originated at the University of Utah
and has generated over 30 peer-reviewed publications and 10 patents to date. Vaporsens was
formed in 2011 to commercialize the sensor technology and has received funding from the Department of Defence and the National Science Foundation to develop the nanofiber sensory materials
into networked gas sensors and handheld explosive detectors, respectively.
The detector uses a chemiresistor approach: the nanofiber sensor changes its electrical resistance
in response to changes in a nearby chemical environment. Different nanofibers can be fabricated
for rapid, selective detection of a wide range of chemical compounds. The large surface area and
porosity of the nanofibers deliver exceptional sensitivity (down to parts per trillion) and response
rates (down to seconds).
Recent tests performed in January 2015 at the Naval Research Laboratory in Washington, DC demonstrated the sensors ability to detect TATP and PETN vapours within seconds. Development of a
handheld device using these small, robust, sensitive sensors is currently on-going.

Way Forward
The understanding and consequent tracking of the existing and future IED trends is the key to face
the threat at an appropriate level. The modelling technologies could be implemented within vehicle
designs to reduce the costs of field tests. A standardization regarding protection levels of structure
against blast attacks would provide guidance to the participating nations within the combined current
and future missions. With shrinking defence research and development budgets across NATO, it is
imperative scientists have the correct requirements from end-users and work together to pool assets
and knowledge in line with NATOs Smart Defence initiative.

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10th Panel - Standoff IED Detection Technologies

Moderator:
Dr. Arnold Schoolderman, Netherlands Organization for Applied
Scientific Research
Due to the fact the standoff detection has no standard definition and requirement within existing
NATO doctrines and documents, personnel with different backgrounds and work experience in IED
and landmine detection often have a different perception of standoff. As standoff results should
increase safety for the operator of the detection device, the detection technologies that necessitate
physical contact with the object under investigation cannot be considered as a stand-off detection
technology.
Stand-off IED detection can be achieved by applying detection technologies that either have a long
detection range or by use a remotely controlled (ground or aerial) platform to bring the detection device with a short detection range to the area or object to be investigated, while keeping the operator
of the system outside the damage range of the IED. The briefings provided within this panel represented a number of developments and covered both methods to achieve standoff IED detection.

Major Ted Hussem, Netherlands, Defence Expertise Centre (DEC) C-IED

Mounted Route Clearance
Major Hussem presented a concept for the development of a future route clearance system achieving stand-off detection through a combination of long range detection technologies. Options being
considered are an electro-optical sensor suite as well as short range detection sensors on an unmanned ground vehicle equipped with downward-looking ground penetrating radar (GPR), a metal
detection array, and a command wire detector. Future projects focus on reducing false alarms and
integrating UAS or fixed/rotary wing platforms to feed information directly to the Route Clearance
commander.

Dr. Steven Bishop, US Army Research Development and Engineering Command

(RDECOM), USA
Mounted Ground Vehicles Considerations
Dr. Bishop provided considerations on standoff IED detection including detection of off-route IEDs in
route clearance operations combining GPR and forward looking radar to increase detection range as
well as the area scanned. His presentation included several examples of forward-looking detection
systems and displayed preliminary detection results.

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Dr. Henric stmark, Swedish Defence Research Agency, Sweden

Raman Standoff Detection
Dr. stmark provided the current development status of the Raman spectroscopy based technology
with the ability to distinguish bulk explosives and particles / traces of explosives left on scene. His
presentation also gave applicable examples from the detection of illicit IED factories as well as preand post-blast trace detection.

Vapor Detection Experiment

Vapor Detection Experiment

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Dr. Eric Schreiber, German Aerospace Centre, Germany

Application of Passive Millimetre-Wave Imaging and UHF-Based Synthetic Aperture
Radar for Threat Detection
Dr. Schreibers presentation included two different developments. The millimetre wave technology
is capable of detecting concealed IEDs and weapons under a persons clothing. The system is able
to provide situational awareness to the commander of a vehicle with respect to possible threats in
the local environment (predominantly ahead), at a distance ranging from ten to a few hundred meters. The second part involves medium standoff synthetic aperture radar used by the EU project
TIRAMISU.

Way Forward
The panel agreed on the necessity for standardization documents regarding the definition of the
stand-off detection as well as the stand-off detection equipment requirements. This gap was also
perceived by the representative from the NATO Defence Investments Division and will be added as
a future project. Information sharing and collaboration is important and the NATO Standardization
Office can facilitate this process.
Due to specific technical limitations of the individual technologies, the effectiveness of stand-off IED
detection can only be improved through a combination of a variety of sensors and platforms tailored
for specific environments and missions. This approach would potentially increase the detection rate
of Vehicle-Borne IEDs and Personal-Borne IEDs as these targets are characterized as typically in
motion. It would also increase the possibility of detecting side-attack weapon threats.

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4. CONCLUSIONS
The IED will continue to be the weapon of choice used by the adversaries and a major concern for
military operations and national security organizations worldwide. The globalization of IED technology is contributing significantly to increased capabilities of threat networks as they successfully implement new and more sophisticated IED techniques and rapidly spread lessons learned. The ease
of access to IED techniques will allow violent extremist organizations to utilize home grown activists
and the IED to conduct attacks within NATO nations borders and beyond. The C-IED COE positioned itself to counter this threat by leveraging our unique authority to access pre-eminent sources
of innovative expertise on all multinational aspects of C-IED in support of the sponsoring nations, by
becoming NATOS transformation expert for C-IED, by supporting C-IED operations, and by becoming the focal point for C-IED education and training for NATO and other Allies.
This 2nd C-IED technology workshop is a perfect example of how the C-IED COE and the EOD COE
are committed to bringing together the primary experts to achieve solutions so as to predict, mitigate,
detect and neutralize the IED threat. Bringing together Military, Law Enforcement, Academia and Industry in the same forum represents the right opportunity to evaluate what has been done recently,
with respect to technology. It also facilitates raising issues on the existing gaps that can be filled in
the future in order to achieve optimal solutions based on the operational requirements that, despite
budget restrictions, will always be the key for future advancements.
The 2nd C-IED Technology Workshop was a world class event organized by the C-IED COE and
EOD COE in close collaboration with IDS, a company that provided excellent support for the 3-day
event and with the support of the NATO ESCD DAT POW and EDA. The large number of participants, personnel from 24 countries, 2 media partners, 19 exhibitors, 45 speakers and 175 participants from Military, Law Enforcement, Academia and Industry was the perfect result achieved due
to the refined objectives and agenda, the active participation of all attendees, and the commitment
of the event organizers.
The C-IED COE will continue hosting these types of events to support all nations and actors in the
C-IED Community of Interest. The presence of the interagency community combined with other
main governmental stakeholders highlights the importance of the Comprehensive approach needed
to increase our effectiveness in the C-IED fight. This aspect added value to the event and will be
increased in the future.
The general opinion from the participants, based on their critique sheets, was that the event should
continue to be organized in the future while always keeping in mind the combination of the three
main C-IED pillars, Attack the Network, Defeat the Device and Prepare the Force.

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W AY A H E A D

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5. WAY AHEAD
The 2016 NATO EOD Trials & Demonstration will be organized by the EOD COE
in Trenin, Slovakia next year and will be announced soon in order to maximize
participation, gather high level speakers and determine the most relevant topics for
discussion.
It is intended to increase the participation of other stakeholders or enablers in the next
event, such as Intelligence, Surveillance, and Reconnaissance (ISR) and Training,
which will also increase the interest to other participants.
The 3rd C-IED Technology Workshop will be organized by the C-IED COE in Madrid,
Spain in June 2017.
If you would like additional information regarding any of the presentations or would like
to assist with any of the initiatives, please contact Major Philip Cordaro at
pcordaro@ciedcoe.org.

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Impressions

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For more information on COE contact

Email: info@ciedcoe.org
Phone: 0034 91 856 10 61
Fax: 0034 91 856 23 90
Web: www.ciedcoe.org
Address:
Crta. M-618 Km. 14, Torrelodones - Colmenar viejo
28240 Hoyo de Manzanares
Madrid (SPAIN)

Funded by NATO ESCD DAT POW

and EDA