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Support Materials
National Assessment Bank pack
Revised Chemistry (Higher)
Principles to Production FE4D 12/NAB001
SCQF level 6

Publication date: December 2011


Publication code: FE4D 12/NAB001
The information in this publication may be reproduced to support SQA qualifications.
This publication must not be reproduced for commercial or trade purposes. This
material is for use by teaching staff only.
Published by the Scottish Qualifications Authority
The Optima Building, 58 Robertson Street, Glasgow, G2 8DQ
Lowden, 24 Wester Shawfair, Dalkeith, Midlothian, EH22 1LFD
www.sqa.org.uk
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number

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Description

Scottish Qualifications Authority


National Assessment Bank/FE4D 12/001 V1
Revised Chemistry (Higher): Principles to Production

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Introduction
Security and confidentiality of Support Materials
This material is intended solely for the purpose of assessment of candidates against
National Unit standards in SQA approved centres and must not be released prior to
examination/practical test or distributed more widely for any other purpose.
Support Materials are distributed only to SQA approved centres and may be
downloaded from SQAs secure website by authorised personnel. For added
security, SQA discourages the downloading of this material for; the maintenance of
paper-based libraries, stockpiling ahead of assessment events and saving to
portable storage devices and laptop computers.
The assessment and marking information in this publication can be used or adapted
by staff in approved SQA centres subject to the guidelines above. Adapted materials
must be verified prior to use and stored securely within the presenting centre.
In addition to a centres own security procedures, any suspected breach of the above
must be reported immediately to SQAs Business Development and Customer
Support team marked Security breach Support Materials.

Copyright
The information in this publication may be reproduced in support of SQA
qualifications. Where the publication includes materials from sources other than SQA
(secondary copyright), this material should only be reproduced for the purposes of
examination or assessment. If it needs to be reproduced for any other purpose it is
the centres responsibility to obtain the necessary copyright clearance. SQAs
Support Materials team may be able to direct you to the secondary sources.
Every effort has been made to contact copyright holders and SQA apologises if any
have been overlooked.

General information
Before using this National Assessment Bank pack centres should read the relevant
Unit specification which details the standard of performance expected of candidates.
It is important to ensure that this pack is used in a context appropriate to the Unit
and, if applicable, the associated Group Award. A copy of the Unit specification can
be found on SQAs website www.sqa.org.uk.

Scottish Qualifications Authority


National Assessment Bank/FE4D 12/001 V1
Revised Chemistry (Higher): Principles to Production

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Assessment conditions
Arrangements documents and subject guides refer to assessment being carried out
under controlled conditions to ensure reliability and credibility. For the purposes of
internal assessment, this means that the assessment evidence should be compiled
under supervision to ensure that it is the candidates own work.

Timing and duration


The duration of the end of Unit assessment for Outcomes 1 and 2 is 45 minutes.

Instruments of Assessment
This Unit has two Outcomes. Outcome 1 and 2 are assessed by a holistic end of Unit
test. It is expected that the learning and teaching process will involve some
diagnostic assessment and review of learning before the candidate attempts the end
of Unit test.

Quality assurance
Centres should retain assessment evidence and internal verification records. Units
are subject to external verification by SQA.

Re-assessment
Time is allowed within Units for assessment and re-assessment of Outcomes. Where
candidates have not attained the standard necessary to pass a particular Outcome
or Outcomes, they should have the opportunity to be re-assessed. SQAs advice is
that there should normally be one Unit re-assessment opportunity, or in exceptional
circumstances two. In some cases candidates will be required to resubmit original
work which has been revised to take account of earlier weaknesses. In other cases,
candidates will be required to undertake a new instrument designed to assess the
particular Outcome(s) in which they were unsuccessful. In all cases, evidence from
the original assessment should be used for formative purposes prior to
re-assessment.
Outcomes 1 and 2
The recommended method of re-assessment is for candidates to re-sit another entire
test to allow them to demonstrate success. A number of different assessments are
available.

Cut-off scores
A cut-off score of 60% should be used for this Unit assessment, in this case 18 out of
30.

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Estimates and appeals


Estimates
Valid evidence of attainment could be generated through the use of an assessment
instrument, such as a prelim, based on the work from at least two Units in the
Course, which replicates, as far as possible, the standard, format, duration and
security of SQAs Question Paper.
Evidence produced only from NABs will not provide an accurate estimate. The
assessment tasks should comprise questions that are integrative and set in contexts
more complex and demanding than those associated with NABs.
Appeals
Evidence must cover all Units of the Course and have the same breadth of coverage
of Course content as SQAs Question Paper and relate to the Course Grade
Descriptions. While a prelim paper is not mandatory, it is an indicator of likely
candidate performance in the external examination when pressure of time and
retention of learning are significant factors. Evidence should replicate as far as
possible the standard, format, duration and security of SQAs Question Paper.
Evidence for the appeal could include:

A prelim which covers all Units and replicates the standard, format, duration and
security of SQAs Question Paper.
or
A prelim which covers a minimum of two Units of the Course and replicates the
standard, format, duration and security of SQAs Question Paper plus an
additional test, which provides evidence of attainment against the Course Grade
Desciptions for a grade A award, covering the third Unit, preferably with some
integration of work from the other two Units.
or
A prelim which covers a minimum of two Units of the Course and replicates the
standard, format, duration and security of SQAs Question Paper plus a high
scoring NAB for the third Unit to support an appeal for a grade C, but not an
appeal for grades A or B.

Evidence produced from NABs alone will not be sufficiently compelling for appeals.

Disabled candidates and/or those with additional support needs


The additional support needs of individual candidates should be taken into account
when planning learning experiences, selecting assessment instruments, or
considering whether any reasonable adjustments may be required. Further advice
can be found on our website www.sqa.org.uk/assessmentarrangements.

Scottish Qualifications Authority


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Section 1 Instrument of Assessment


Outcomes 1 and 2 are assessed by a single holistic test which has a total of 30
marks. The ratio of the marks allocated to Outcome 1 and Outcome 2 is
approximately 4:1. Thus Outcome 1 will have questions worth a total of
approximately 24 marks and Outcome 2 will have questions worth a total of
approximately 6 marks.
Each assessment has a Map of Outcomes and Performance Criteria which shows
the mapping of questions to individual Outcomes and Performance Criteria. The
construction of an assessment paper must ensure that all the Performance Criteria
are covered.
The marks are not distributed equally between the Performance Criteria, but to
ensure reliability across different assessment versions a recommended range of
marks has been used. The distribution of marks is partly due to the nature of the
subject. Also a mark for a question or a part of a question is usually allocated to one
element of the grid only depending on its dominant Performance Criterion. However
there may be instances where the marks for a part question are split between criteria
since the question assesses different Outcomes or Performance Criteria.
The most appropriate assessment instrument has been designed to produce
evidence of achievement. This assessment, while addressing all the relevant
Outcomes and Performance Criteria, may not readily provide specific, discrete
evidence that each Performance Criterion has been met. However, the threshold of
attainment (pass mark) for each test is deemed to provide satisfactory evidence that
each achievement of the Outcomes and Performance Criteria has been
demonstrated or could be inferred.

Scottish Qualifications Authority


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Revised Chemistry (Higher) Map of Outcomes and Performance


Criteria
Principles to Production

PC (a)
Getting most from
costly reactants
(a) Factors affecting the Q1
design
(b) Calculations
involving 100 %
yield

Outcome 1
PC(b)

PC(c)

Outcome 2
PC(a)
PC(b)

(c) Calculations
involving solutions

Q5
Q6
Q16
Q7
Q14(a)

(d) Reversible reactions Q2


(e) Altering equilibrium
position

Q13(b)

Q8
Q13(c)(i)

(f) % yield and atom


economy

Q17(a)
Q17(b)

(g) Excess

Q14(b)

Controlling the
rate
(a) Collision theory
(b) Reaction profiles

Q13(c)(ii)
Q17(c)

Q17(c)

(c) Temperature and


kinetic energy
(d) Catalysts

Q14(c)
Q13(a)(i)

Q9

Q3

Q10
Q13(a)(ii)

3 Chemical energy
(a) Enthalpy
(b) Enthalpies of
combustion
(c) Hesss Law

Q11

Q7

Q4

(d) Bond enthalpies


Chemical
analysis/quality
control
(a) Chromatography
(b) Volumetric titration

Q12
Q18(a)
Q18(b)

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National Assessment Bank/FE4D 12/001 V1
Revised Chemistry (Higher): Principles to Production

Q15(a)

Q15(b)

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Revised Chemistry (Higher)


Unit title Principles to Production
Unit Assessment for Outcomes 1 and 2 Answer sheet
Time 45 minutes

Name of centre

Name of candidate

Date of Assessment

Mark
Pass 18/30

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Part A
This part of the paper consists of 12 fixed-response questions and is worth 12
marks.
In questions 14, choose the most suitable word from the following list to complete
the sentence.

biodegradable

concentration

constant

equal

gram

mole

temperature

toxic

One of the environmental considerations in the design of an industrial process


is to minimise the use of

In a reversible reaction equilibrium is reached when the concentration of


reactants and products are

The number of particles with energy greater than the activation energy can be
used to explain the effect of

substances.

on reaction rate.

The enthalpy of combustion of a substance is the enthalpy change when one


of the substance burns completely in oxygen.

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Questions 512 are multiple choice questions.


5

NaCl(aq)

AgNO3(aq)

NaNO3(aq)

AgCl(s)

The mass of silver chloride precipitated when 005 mol NaCl(aq) is added to
excess AgNO3(aq) is:

4250 g

7170 g

8495 g

1434 g

The complete combustion of propane produces carbon dioxide and water.


C3H8(g) + 5O2(g) 3CO2(g) + 4H2O()
What volume of carbon dioxide gas, in cm3, would be obtained if 10 cm3 of
propane gas was completely burned in excess oxygen gas?

10

20

30

40

When 0025 mol of hydrochloric acid reacts with 0025 mol of sodium hydroxide
145 kJ of energy was given out.
HCl(aq) + NaOH(aq) NaCl(aq) + H2O()
The energy, in kJ mol-1, given out when one mole of hydrochloric acid reacts with
one mole of sodium hydroxide is:
A

29

58

87

116

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For the reaction:


CH4(g) + H2O(g)

CO(g) + 3H2(g) H = +206 kJ

which two conditions favour the formation of hydrogen?

High temperature, low pressure

High temperature, high pressure

Low temperature, low pressure

Low temperature, high pressure

The potential energy diagram for a chemical reaction is shown below:


200
134
Potential
-1
energy/kJ mol

-227
Reaction pathway

What is the enthalpy change, in kJ mol-1, for the reaction?


A

-66

-227

-361

-427

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10 A reaction was carried out at four different temperatures.


The table below shows the times taken for the reaction to go to completion.
Temperature/C
Time(s)

20
60

30
30

40
14

50
5

The results show that:


A

the reaction is endothermic

the activation energy increases with increasing temperature

the rate of the reaction is directly proportional to the temperature

a small rise in temperature results in a large increase in reaction rate.

11 The combustion of a fuel is found to raise the temperature of 500 cm3 of water by
20 C.
The energy transferred to the water is
A

418 kJ

836 kJ

8360 kJ

41800 kJ

12 The enthalpy changes, H, for two reactions are shown.


C(s) + O2(g) CO2(g)

H = -3952 kJ mol-1

CO(g) + O2(g) CO2(g) H = -2843 kJ mol-1


What is enthalpy change for the following reaction?
C(s) + O2(g) CO(g)
A

-6795 kJ mol-1

-1109 kJ mol-1

+1109 kJ mol-1

+6795 kJ mol-1

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Part B

Marks

This part of the paper consists of six questions and is worth 18 marks.
13 Ammonia is made by the Harber Process.
N2(g) + 3H2(g)

2NH3(g)

Potential energy

(a) The potential energy diagram for the reaction is shown.

Reaction pathway

Sketch the above diagram onto your answer paper. On your


sketch:
(i) clearly label the activation energy for the forward reaction;

(ii) use a dotted line to show potential energy diagram obtained


when a catalyst is used in the reaction.

(b) What effect does the use of a catalyst have on the position of
equilibrium?

(c) Ammonia gas is very soluble in water.


NH3(g) + (aq)

NH3(aq)

(i) Heating the solution produces ammonia gas.


What effect does heating have on the position of equilibrium?

(ii) Ammonia gas is less dense than air and cannot be collected
by displacement of water because it is too soluble.
Draw a diagram showing a suitable method of collecting the
gas.

Scottish Qualifications Authority


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Revised Chemistry (Higher): Principles to Production

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Marks
14 Magnesium reacts with sulfuric acid according to the equation:
Mg(s) + H2SO4(aq)

MgSO4(aq) + H2(g)

In an experiment a student added 01 mol of magnesium powder to


100 cm3 of 01 mol l-1 sulfuric acid.
(a) Calculate the number of moles in 100 cm3 of 01 mol 1-1 sulfuric
acid.

(b) Which reactant is in excess?

(c) The volume of hydrogen produced over time in this reaction was
measured and is shown on the graph.
300
Powder

225

Volume of
hydrogen
produced 150
3
/cm

75
0
20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

180

Time/s

The student repeated the experiment using 01 mol of magnesium


in a lump.
Sketch the above graph onto your answer paper and add another
curve to the graph to show the results of the second experiment.

15 In a redox titration, 26 x 10-4 mol of cerium(IV) ions (Ce4+) reacted


with oxalic acid (H2C2O4). The equation for the reaction that took place
was
2Ce4+(aq) + H2C2O4(aq) 2Ce3+(aq) + 2H+(aq) + 2CO2(g)
(yellow)
(colourless) (colourless)
(a) How many moles of oxalic acid react with 26 x 10-4 mol of cerium(IV)
ions?

(b) An indicator did not have to be added to identify the end-point of this
titration.
Give a reason for this.
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Marks
16 Calculate the volume, in litres, of 4 g of methane gas, CH4(g).
Take the molar volume to be 23 litres mol-1.

Show your working clearly.

17 Ethanol, C2H5OH, can be dehydrated to produce ethene, C2H4, using


excess sulfuric acid. Ethoxyethane, C2H5OC2H5, is produced as a byproduct. The equation for the reaction is shown.
4C2H5OH() 2C2H4 (g) + C2H5OC2H5() + 3H2O()
(GFM 46)

(GFM 28)

In this process, 328 kg of ethanol produces an actual yield of 42 kg of


ethene.
(a) Calculate the atom economy for the process.

(b) (i) Calculate the theoretical yield of ethene from 328 kg ethanol.

(ii) Calculate the percentage yield of ethene produced.

(c) Give a reason why a reaction with a high percentage yield may
have a low atom economy.

18 Xenon reacts with fluorine to form the compound XeF6.


Xe(g) + 3F2(g) XeF6(g)
(a) How much energy, in kJ, is needed to convert 3 moles of fluorine
molecules into 6 moles of fluorine atoms?
You may wish to use page 9 of the data booklet.

(b) The XeF bond enthalpy is -160 kJ mol-1. Use this plus your
answer to part (a) to calculate the enthalpy for the reaction.

Total marks: 30
Pass mark: 18

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Section 2 Marking information


(There are no marks awarded)
Part A
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12

Marks

Toxic
Constant
Temperature
Mole
B
C
B
A
C
D
A
B

1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1

Part B
13 (a) (i)

(ii)

Activation
energy
catalyst

(b) No effect

(c) (i) Moves it to the side of reactants/to the left

(ii) Diagram of gas collection by downward displacement of air or


gas syringe.

14 (a) 001

(b) Magnesium

(c) Slope less steep than powder and finishing at the same final
volume

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Marks
15 (a) 13 x 10-4 mol

(b) Accept correct answer relating to colour change in mixture

16 16 g occupies 23 l
4 g occupies 575 l (unit not needed)

17 (a) 128

(b) (i) 19965 kg (200 kg)

(ii) 21(%)

(c) Large quantities of unwanted by-products formed.

18 (a) 465 kJ (0 marks if no unit given)

(b) -495 kJ mol-1

Total marks: 30

Scottish Qualifications Authority


National Assessment Bank/FE4D 12/001 V1
Revised Chemistry (Higher): Principles to Production

15
December 2011

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