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CHAPTER 4
4.1
Arrangement
of particles
Solid
Movement
of
particles
Vibrates
only
Liquid
Force
between
particles
Kinetic
energy
content
Volume
Shape
Fixed
high
Follows the
volume of
container
Moderate
Low
Moderate
Far a part
Follows the
volume of
container
Gas
2. The effect of heat on the state of matter
A.
Word puzzle
LDOSI
SEAGSA
QDILUI
CONDENSATION
MELTING
S__________
SUBLIMATION
BOILING
F_______
_
M______
B ______
C. Objective Questions
density
C__________ _
__
2
A.
B.
C.
D.
D. Relation Between Changes in Heat with Changes in Kinetic Energy of the particles in Matter
1. Relate changes in heat to changes in kinetic energy of the particles in matter .
Concept
* Picture Key : Compact bubbles to Loose bubbles = absorbs heat / energy (seraph aba / tenaga)
Loose bubbles to Compact bubbles = releases heat / energy (bebas haba / tenaga)
_____________ HEAT / ENERGY
ATOMIC STRUCTURE
3
Nucleus
Diagram 1
1. Atoms made up of three different particles:
P________________,
Proton number
Isotopes
Nucleon number
Neutron number
Number of protons
Number of
protons
Number of
electrons
Number of
neutrons
4
Proton
number
Nucleon
number
3+4=7
14
19
11
23
13
27
Number of protons
Number of electrons
Number of neutrons
16
16
16
17
17
18
18
17
17
17
17
17
Table 1
1. Which of the following atoms are isotopes of the same element ? : ______________________________
D. Multiple choice questions
1. The table shows information about elements P, Q, R and S. Which of the elements are isotopes ?
Element
Nucleon Number
Proton number
12
A P and Q
14
B P and R
14
C Q and R
16
D Q and S
2.
2.
4.4
PERIODIC TABLE
Complete the Periodic Tables with proton number from 1 to proton number 20 . Some of them have been provided .
GROUP
l
ll
lll
lV
Vl
Vll
Vlll
Period
1
Period
2
Period
3
Period
4
Period
5
Period
6
2
4
11
9
15
18
20
Transition Elements
number of neutrons
number of protons
C.
D.
3. Which of the following statements describe the trend in the properties of the
elements moving from left to right across a period ?
l
ll
lll
A.
B.
C.
D.
l and ll only
l and lll only
ll and lll only
l , ll and lll
4. Sketch the periodic table to show the elements metal, semi-metal and non-metal
Note : Elements in the same group have similar chemical properties .
5. Figure below shows an incomplete Periodic Table.
a) Using the letters A , B , C , D , E , F and G name ;
(i)
( ii )
( iii )
( iv )
1
13
14
15
16
17
C
A
6
B
18
E
D
G
F
non metal
metal
C.
D.
semiconductor
transition element
4.5
PROPERTIES OF SUBSTANCES
A. Write A for substance made of atom, M for substance made of molecules and I for ionic substances in
the boxes provided
a) Low melting point
b) Conduct electricity only in molten state
c) Do not dissolve in water or organic solvents
d) The force of attraction between particles is strong and called ionic bonding
e) Cannot conduct electricity in any form
4.6
Chlorine
Lead
Gold
Potassium
Sulphur dioxide
Phosphorus
Calcium
Zinc oxide
Copper sulphate
Sodium chloride
Lead bromide
Ammonia
Potassium bromide
Sulphur
NON-METAL
7
CHARACTERISTICS
Materials
Uses
Silver
Aluminium
Chlorine
Sulphur
Graphite
Diamonds
melting point : ..
boiling point
boiling point
:
:
2. Impurities can increase the boiling point of the substance but lower the melting point
a. The melting point of ;
i. Sea water
:
ii. Salt solution
iii. Sugar solution:
..
..
..
3. Method of purification
Method
1. Crystallization (draw the diagram)
Steps
Dissolve the mixture in water
Example of Mixture /
reason
Crystal
2. Evaporation
3. Distillation
4. Separating funnel
5. filtration