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How does extreme cold affect hydraulic hose?

PostedbyKenKoraneonTuesday,December29,2015LeaveaComment

Intheclassicsciencemuseumdemonstration,atechnicianwearingawhitelabcoatandsafetygoggles
dipsasoftrubberballintoacontainerofliquidnitrogenandthenflingstheballagainstawall.Predictably,
andtothedelightoftheaudience,thenowrockhardballshattersintoathousandpieces.
Thesameoutcomeisntsofunnywhenusingthewronghydraulichoseinextremecold.
Thatsbecauseelastomersthatmakeupthecoverandinnertubeofrubberhose,whencooledto
sufficientlylowtemperatures,nolongerbehaveinareadilydeformablemanner.Insteadtheybecomehard,
stiffandbrittle.
Materialsengineeringtextbooksassociatethiswiththermalchangesthataffectmolecularbehavior.At
ambienttemperatures,anelastomerspolymerchainshavesufficientenergytoletthemrotateandvibrate,
andonamacroscalethatgivesthematerialflexibility.Astemperaturesdrop,however,motioninthe
polymersslows.Eventually,thiscausestheelastomertobecometoughandleathery.
EditorialDirectorPaulHeney

Withfurthercooling,thematerialreachestheglasstransitiontemperature,Tg.Glasstransitionisa
reversiblechangeinanamorphouspolymerwherephysicalpropertieschangefromleatherytoglasslike
material.Tgisusuallyanarrowtemperaturerange,ratherthanasharppointlikethefreezingorboiling
pointofasubstance.
AnelastomersusefulnessatlowtemperaturesdependsonwhetheritremainsaboveitsTg.Atorbelowthe
glasstransitiontemperature,stress,strainandimpactloadswilldamageandfracturetheelastomer.
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PaulJ.Heney,theEditorialDirectorfor
DesignWorld,hasaBSinEngineering
Science&Mechanicsandaminorin
TechnicalCommunicationsfromGeorgia
Tech.Heneyhasmorethan14yearsof
experienceinthefluidpowerindustry,
coveringpneumatics,sensors,air
preparation,pneumaticsystems,valves
andthewholespectrumoffluidpowertechnology.
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07.01.2016.

Howdoesextremecoldaffecthydraulichose?HoseAssemblyTips|HoseAssemblyTips

Itisalsoimportanttonotethat
elastomers,suchasthosein
hydraulichose,candegrade
whensubjectedtothermal
cycling.Althoughelastomers
mayoperatewithintheirstated
minimumandmaximum
temperaturelimits,problems
cancropupwhenelastomers
areheavilyplasticizedorinclude
additivesthatgivelow
temperatureflexibility.Inthese
cases,additivescanleachoutat
elevatedtemperatures,which
reducesperformance
capabilitiesonsubsequentlow
temperatureexcursions.
Hosemanufacturersrelyon
coldflexibilitytests,using
guidelineslikeISO10619,to
designandratetheirproducts.
Hydraulicsystemsroutinelyoperateinextremecold.
Whentested,thesamplestube
orcovershouldnotcrackand
whenwarmedtoambienttemperature,thetestpieceshouldnotleakorcrackwhensubjectedtoproof
pressure.
Inoperationatverylowtemperatures,hosecanexhibitfineradialcracksonthecoversurfaceandtheinner
tube.Maintenancepersonnelshouldroutinelyinspecthosesoperatingundersuchconditionsand
immediatelyreplacethosewithnoticeabledamage.
Rubberblendsintypicalhydraulichoseareratedforcoldweatheroperationto40F(40C).However,a
numberofhosemanufacturesofferawiderangeofproductssuitableforlowertemperatures.Herearea
fewexamples:
ContinentalArcticSeries(http://contitech.us)hosesareratedtotemperaturesof58F(50C).They
haveNitrileinnertubes,NeoprenecoversandtwowirebraidconstructionwithIDsizesfrom0.25to1.25in.
Workingpressurerangesfrom1,820to5,800psi,dependingonthesize.
EatonIceChampion(www.eaton.com/hydraulics)hoseisratedfortemperaturesto70F(57C)at
pressuresto6,100psi.ThefourandsixspiralwirereinforcedhosecomesinIDsizesfrom0.75to2in.
GatesPolarFlex(www.gates.com)hoseisratedfortemperaturesfrom70to212F(57to100C).
TheGlobalG2Lversion,forexample,hastwobraidsteelwirereinforcementandmeets100R2TypeAT
specs.IthasaNitriletubeandNeoprenecover.
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07.01.2016.

Howdoesextremecoldaffecthydraulichose?HoseAssemblyTips|HoseAssemblyTips

HansaFlexHD
(www.hansaflex.com)
highthermalresistance
hoseisforlowand
mediumpressure
circuitsthatrunin
extremetemperatures,
witharated
temperaturerangeof
67to275F(55to
135C).Tubesand
coversaremadeof
syntheticrubber.Sizes
forthe100TSeries
rangefrom0.25to1in.
IDandworking
pressuresarefrom
1,294to3,307psi(88
to225bar),depending
onsize.200TSeries
hosescomeinIDsizes
from0.25to2in.in
pressuresratedfrom
1,176to5,880psi(80
to400bar).
ParkerHannifinLT
Series
GatesPolarFlexhoseisratedto70F.
(www.parker.com/hpd)
hoseshaveworking
pressuresupto6,000psiandsizesto1.5in.ID,dependingontheversion.Theyhaveasyntheticrubber
innertubeandPKRorsyntheticrubbercover.Minimumtemperatureratingis70F(57C).

Category: Hose Assembly Blog, Hydraulic hose Tags: contitech, eaton, gates, hansaflex, Parker

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