Skeletal System Chapter Test

True/False
Indicate whether the sentence or statement is true or false.
____

1. Bones surround vital organs to protect them.

____

2. Bones store most of the calcium supply of the body.

____

3. The epiphysis is the long shaft of bones.

____

4. Red marrow is mainly fat cells.

____

5. The periosteum is necessary for bone growth, repair, and nutrition.

____

6. The appendicular skeleton forms the main trunk of the body.

____

7. The cranium is made of 14 bones.

____

8. The maxilla is the lower jawbone.

____

9. Foramina are openings in a bone that allow nerves and blood vessels to enter or leave the bone.

____ 10. The last two pairs of ribs are called floating ribs because they have no attachment to the thoracic vertebrae.
____ 11. The clavicles provide for the attachment of the upper arm bones.
____ 12. Hemopoiesis, or hematopoiesis, is the production of blood cells.
____ 13. There are 28 phalanges in the human body.
Multiple Choice
Identify the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
____ 14. The shaft of long bones is the ____.
a. diaphysis
c. epiphysis
b. endosteum
d. medullary canal
____ 15. The membrane that lines the medullary canal is the ____.
a. periosteum
c. epiphysis
b. endosteum
d. diaphysis
____ 16. Spaces, or soft spots, in the cranium that allow for the enlargement of the skull as brain growth occurs are
____.
a. fontanels
c. sutures
b. foramina
d. sinuses
____ 17. Areas where the cranial bones have joined together are ____.
a. fontanels
c. sutures
b. foramina
d. sinuses
____ 18. The vertebrae that are located at the waist are ____.
a. cervical
c. thoracic
b. lumbar
d. sacral
____ 19. The first seven pairs of ribs are called ____.
a. false ribs
c. floating ribs
b. intercostal ribs
d. true ribs
____ 20. Areas where two or more bones join together are ____.
a. foramina
c. joints
b. sutures
d. ligaments

____ 21. A bone break that pierces or ruptures through the skin is a ____.
a. depressed fracture
c. simple fracture
b. greenstick fracture
d. compound fracture
____ 22. A side-to-side or lateral curvature of the spine is ____.
a. scoliosis
c. lordosis
b. kyphosis
d. sacrosis
____ 23. On the dorsal surface of the body, floating ribs attach to ____.
a. lumbar vertebrae
c. thoracic vertebrae
b. sternum
d. nothing
____ 24. A fracture caused when bone fragments or splinters into more than two pieces is ____.
a. greenstick
c. comminuted
b. spiral
d. depressed
Short Answer
25. Label the following diagram of the skeleton with the correct names for each of the bones.

A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
F.
G.
H.
I.
J.
K.
L.
M.

____________________
____________________
____________________
____________________
____________________
____________________
____________________
____________________
____________________
____________________
____________________
____________________
____________________

N.
O.
P.
Q.
R.
S.
T.
U.
V.
W.
X.
Y.

____________________
____________________
____________________
____________________
____________________
____________________
____________________
____________________
____________________
____________________
____________________
____________________

26. List four functions of bones.

27. Name the main groups of bones that form the axial skeleton.
28. What is the function of intervertebral disks?
29. Name two treatments for osteoporosis.

Skeletal System Chapter Test

Answer Section
TRUE/FALSE
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.

ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:

T
T
F
F
T
F
F
F
T
F
F
T
T

MULTIPLE CHOICE
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.

ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:
ANS:

A
B
A
C
B
D
C
D
A
C
C

SHORT ANSWER
25. ANS:
A. skull, B. clavicle, C. cervical vertebrae, D. scapula, E. sternum, F. thoracic vertebrae, G. ribs, H. humerus,
I. lumbar vertebrae, J. radius, K. ulna, L. carpals, M. metacarpals, N. phalanges, O. sacrum, P. ilium, Q.
coccyx, R. femur, S. patella, T. tibia, U. fibula, V. tarsals, W. metatarsals, X. calcaneus, Y. phalanges
26. ANS:
framework, protection, levers to provide movement, production of blood cells, storage
27. ANS:
skull (cranium and facial bones), spinal column or vertebrae, ribs, sternum
28. ANS:
act as shock absorbers and permit bending and twisting movements of the vertebral column
29. ANS:
increased intake of calcium and vitamin D, medications to increase bone mass, exercise, estrogen replacement