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English Grammar
Digest
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Contents
I/me
he/him
they/them etc.
2
Its mine/yours/hers etc.
2
am/is/are
3
a/an and the
4
flower(s) bus(es) (singular and plural)
4
a car / some money (countable/uncountable)
I have / Ive got
5
I am doing (present continuous)
6
Im going to
6
I do/work/like etc. (present simple)
7
worked/got/went etc. (past simple)
8
old/nice/beautiful etc. (adjectives)
9
the oldest
the most expensive
9
under behind between etc. (prepositions)
up over under etc. (prepositions)
10
can
11
List of irregular verbs
12
10
I/me
he/him
they/them etc.
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subject
object
I
me
subject
I
we
you
he
she
they
we
us
I know Ann.
We know Ann.
You know Ann.
He knows Ann.
She knows Ann.
They know Ann.
you
you
he
him
she
her
they
them
object
me
us
you
him
her
them
Things
Its nice.
I like it.
subject
object
Theyre nice.
I like them.
it
it
they
them
Whose is this?
Mine
I
we
you
he
she
they
Ours
my
our
your
his
her
their
mine
ours
yours
his
hers
theirs
His
Its
Its
Its
Its
Its
Its
my money.
our money.
your money.
his money.
her money.
their money.
Hers
Its
Its
Its
Its
Its
Its
mine.
ours.
yours.
his.
hers.
theirs.
Theirs
am/is/are
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Im 22.
My name is Lisa.
Im American. Im from Chicago.
Im a student.n
negative
am (Im)
(hes)
(shes)
(its)
he
she
it
we
you
they
he
she
it
is
we
you
they
(were)
are (youre)
(theyre)
positive
am
(Im not)
is
(hes not
(shes not
(its not
are not
not
question
we
you
they
am not
he
she
it
Im interested in art.
LISA
positive
Im not married.
is
are
am
or he isnt)
or she isnt)
or it isnt)
I?
David.
he?
is she?
it?
we?
are you?
they
25.
Are you a student?
[3]
Yes, I am.
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the
a/an
1
flower(s)
a flower
some flowers
[4]
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a car / some money (countable/uncountable)
A noun can be countable or uncountable.
Countable nouns
For example: (a) car (a) man (a) key (a) house (a) flower
You can use one/two/three (etc.) + countable nouns (you can count them):
one car
two cars
three men
four houses
a car
cars
my car
two cars
Uncountable nouns
For example: water
water
air
rice
salt
salt
plastic
money
money
music
tennis
music
You cannot say one/two/three (etc.) + these things: one water two musics
Uncountable nouns have only one form:
money
the money
my money
some money
have
OR
I
we
you
they
he
she
it
has
OR
he
she
it
(Ive got)
(weve got)
have got
(youve got)
(theyve got)
has got
(hes got)
(shes got)
(its got)
[5]
Ive got a
headache.
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future
NOW
Im going to
Im going to (do something)
MORNING
Im going to watch
TV this evening.
THIS EVENING
am
is
are
(not) going to
I
he/she/it
we/you/they
going to
do
drink
watch
buy ?
eat ?
wear ?
[6]
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negative
I
we
you
they
work
like
do
have
I
we
you
they
he
she
it
works
likes
does
has
he
she
it
do not
(dont)
does not
(doesnt)
work
like
do
have
We use the present simple for things that are true in general, or for things that happen
sometimes or all the time:
I like big cities.
The shops open at 9 oclock and close at 5.30.
Tim works very hard. He starts at 7.30 and finishes at 8 oclock in the evening.
The Earth goes round the Sun.
I drink coffee but I dont drink tea.
Sue drinks tea but she doesnt drink coffee.
You dont work very hard.
We dont watch television very often.
The weather is usually nice. It doesnt rain very often.
Gerry and Linda dont know many people.
do/does + subject + infinitive
Where
How often
What
How much
Do
Do
Does
do
do
does
does
you
your friends
Chris
your parents
you
this word
it
work
live
play
live?
wash
mean?
cost
in the evening?
near here?
tennis?
your hair?
to fly to Rome?
Do you play
the guitar?
[7]
watch
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watched
positive
play
start
watch
have
see
do
go
I
we
you
they
he
she
it
negative
played
started
watched
had
saw
did
went
I
we
you
they
he
she
it
question
did not
(didnt)
play
start
watch
have
see
do
go
did
Did
did
did
did
your sister
you
the accident
your parents
infinitive
you?
yesterday evening?
phone
do
happen?
go
short answers
Yes,
I/we/you/they
he/she/it
did.
No,
I/we/you/they
he/she/it
didnt.
[8]
I
we
you
they
he
she
it
play?
start?
watch?
have?
see?
do?
go?
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Im hungry.
look/feel/smell/taste/sound + adjective
You sound
happy.
You look
tired.
It tastes
good.
I feel
tired.
the oldest
It smells
good.
[9]
under
behind
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between etc. (prepositions)
up
over
to
from
up
over
out of
off
down
[10]
can
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I can play
the piano.
do
can
play
cannot (cant) see
come etc.
I/we/you/they
can
he/she/it
[11]
do?
play?
see?
come? etc.
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infinitive
past simple
past participle
infinitive
past simple
past participle
be
become
begin
bite
blow
break
bring
build
buy
catch
choose
come
cost
cut
do
draw
drink
drive
eat
fall
feel
fight
find
fly
forget
get
give
go
grow
hang
have
hear
hit
hold
hurt
keep
know
leave
lend
was/were
became
began
bit
blew
broke
brought
built
bought
caught
chose
came
cost
cut
did
drew
drank
drove
ate
fell
felt
fought
found
flew
forgot
got
gave
went
grew
hung
had
heard
hit
held
hurt
kept
knew
left
lent
been
become
begun
bitten
blown
broken
brought
built
bought
caught
chosen
come
cost
cut
done
drawn
drunk
driven
eaten
fallen
felt
fought
found
flown
forgotten
got
given
gone
grown
hung
had
heard
hit
held
hurt
kept
known
left
lent
let
lie
lose
make
mean
meet
pay
put
read /rid/*
ride
ring
rise
run
say
see
sell
send
shine
shoot
show
shut
sing
sit
sleep
speak
spend
stand
steal
swim
take
teach
tell
think
throw
understand
wake
wear
win
write
let
lay
lost
made
meant
met
paid
put
read /red/*
rode
rang
rose
ran
said
saw
sold
sent
shone
shot
showed
shut
sang
sat
slept
spoke
spent
stood
stole
swam
took
taught
told
thought
threw
understood
woke
wore
won
wrote
let
lain
lost
made
meant
met
paid
put
read /red/*
ridden
rung
risen
run
said
seen
sold
sent
shone
shot
shown
shut
sung
sat
slept
spoken
spent
stood
stolen
swum
taken
taught
told
thought
thrown
understood
woken
worn
won
written
[12]