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LEARNING OBJECTIVES
Lecture 10
10.1
Explosions
10.2
Vessel rupture
10.3
10.4
BLEVE
10.5
10.1 Explosion
Major classifications of explosion
10.1 Explosion
An
EXPL
detonation.
Deflagration
Detonation
Mechanism for
propagation of explosion
reaction
Shock compression
healing
Overpressure profile
Example
Combustion of
flammable vapor in a
pipeline
Most Vapor cloud
explosions
TNT explosion
<video>
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Marking the ASME Code on the vessel with specified information eg.
manufacturer, serial number, the year built, MAWP and any special suitability
such as for low temperature and poisonous gases or liquids.
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10.4 BLEVE
BLEVE (boiling liquid expanding vapor explosion)
BLEVE is an explosion caused by the rupture of a
vessel containing a pressurized liquid above its
boiling point.
BLEVE is a physical reaction in which the material
rapidly, and instantaneously, converts from a
liquid to a gas. It is a change of state that yields
pressure.
Not a chemical reaction
The vessel failure causes sudden flashing of the
liquid into vapor, ejection of liquid and vessel
contents possibly a fire ball may result if the
material is combustible.
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<bleve video>
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Where flames impinge on the tank, the liquid in the tank absorbs the
heat allowing tank temp to remain at the same temp.
With operation of the relief valve, the liquid level drops exposing the tank
As pressure
the tank decreases, valve begins to close.
to the
effects ofinheating.
heating,
pressure
increases
TheWith
tankcontinued
metal begins
to weaken,
stretch
and and
tear relief
apart.valve re-opens.
.
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BLEVE
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into steam.
Pressure vessels, eg. pressurized water (nuclear) reactors,
that operate above atmospheric pressure can also provide
the conditions for a steam explosion.
The water changes from a liquid to a gas with extreme
speed and increases dramatically in volume.
A steam explosion sprays steam and boiling-hot water
and the hot medium that heated it in all directions
Last Updated:1 December 2015
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fireball
may
projectile effects.
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